Interactions Interactions with the with the

Great Great Traditions of Traditions of

Asia ..Asia ..

Interaction with the Hindus.

Indochina, Sumatra, Java and the Malay Peninsula during the reigns of the Sri Vijaya and Madjapahit Empires in Southeast Asia.

Sulu: first area where Hindu influence probably flourished.

Orang Dampuans (Men from Champa) and the Orang Bandjar (Men from Banjarsamin) both vassals of the Sri Vijaya Empire, migrated to Sulu and traded with the Suluanos.

SANSKRIT TAGALOG Ama Ganda Ama GandaIna Maharddlika Ina

MaharlikaBhattara Nana Bathala NanayHari Saksi Hari Saksi

Interaction with the Hindus. Influence of Hindu culture is also evident in the

early folk literature of the Filipinos.a. Biag ni Lam-ang of Ilocosb. Ibalon of Bicolc. Darangen of Lanaod. Hudhud & Ilim of Mountain Provincee. folktale of Manubo Agno of Agusan

Other notable contributions of the Hindus:a. Use of sarong and putong of the early Filipinos.b. Saksi Wearing of embroidered shawls of Muslim women.c. Worship of “Bathala”.d. Superstitious beliefs.e. Mining, metal work, boat-building, woodcarving, & decorative arts.

Interaction with the Chinese.

Sung Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, and Ming Dynasty. Ma Tuan-Li, author of Sung Shih or the History of

Sung Dynasty. Chau Ju-Kua, author of Chu Fan Chih or A

Description of Barbarous People. According to Ma Tuan-Li’s account, people from

Ma-yi traded their products with Canton in 982. Chau Ju-Kua described the existence of a well-

established maritime commerce between the people of Ma-yi and its three islands. (Pa-lau-yu, Kia-ma-yen, and Paki-nung).

Interaction with the Chinese.

Porcelain, silk, pottery, cloth, metal, artifacts, ivory, jade, wine of China were exchanged for Filipino products like cotton, abaca, hardwoods, shells, betel nuts, pepper, pearl, & bird’s nest.

Chinese settlements were established in the country. Influences of Ancient Chinese culture in the Philippine

culture are the following:a. Use of porcelain, gongs, lead, silver, tin, &

other metals.b. Introduction of cast-iron plows.c. Wearing of white clothes for mourning among

Muslims.d. Juweteng and Pangginggi.e. Pansit, mami, tsapsoy, and ukoy; roasting of

pigs and brewing of tea.

Interaction with the Chinese.

f. Manufacture of gun powder & firecrackers.g. Employment of professional mourners

during funerals, veneration of ancestors, filial respect for elders, beating of gongs to celebrate an occasion, and the use of go-betweens in marital negotiations.CHINESE FILIPINOso-si susilau-lang kuyaa-chi atebang-tai bantaypin-to pintoche-na tinakauting gunting

Interactions with the Japanese.

Japanese settlers and traders in Manila and parts of Northern Luzon, particularly in the delta of the Cagayan River & the Lingayen Gulf Region.

Meiji Era: started the trade between Philippines and Japan.

Japan buy cotton, pearls, indigo, gold and forest products. Agoo: busy trading center; Puerto de Japon/Port of Japan. Japanese taught the early Filipinos in manufacturing of

arms & tools, artificial breeding of ducks and fishes, and tanning of deerskins.

Spanish conquistadores were impressed by the breeding method of the native Filipinos, which they considered superior to the method used by the Europeans during that time.