Integrating SDG into national policies and programmes: country priorities in infrastructure development in urban areas

Padma K MainaleeDeputy Director General

Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

Contents

Contents

1. Background

2. Case of National Urban Development Strategy 2017

3. Use of Urban Infrastructure Condition Index – UICI And Urban Livability Index – ULI

4. Conclusion – the way forward

Sustainable Development means Economic Development that is socially responsive and environmentally sustainable – Prof. Jeffrey Sachs

Urban system: Regional Context

Background

Regional Urban System - Schematic

Background

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2001 2011

Nepal’s Improvements in HDI 2001-2011

Background

HDI status in 5x3 regions = 15 regions (2011)

2015/16

New Constitution;

National Urban DevStrategy

Habitat III

Policy Landscape on sustainability, resiliency and governance

1996

Habitat II

National shelter Policy

2007

National Urban policy

2012

Revised National Shelter Policy

1998

Dev. Com Act

Town Dev. Act

Local Self Governance Act

Issue identification -----Solving techniques -----Policy Guide and Maturity ---- National Agenda

New Constitution

Settlement Development Policy

Housing for all

Cities for all

Inclusive Cities: Resilient Communities

Khadbari

Kalikot

Jomsom RasuwaSimikot

Dasarathchand

Intermediate Growth Center

Taklakot Liji RiyuKhasaKerung

Population Growth

Population in 2001

Kathmandu ValleyPokhara

Gaurifanta

Rupedia Nautanuwa

Regional Economic Center

RaxualJogbani

National Economic Centera balanced national urban system

safe and prosperous urban environment

effective urban management

National Urban Policy 2007Priority in Regional investment,

UR inter linkages, PPP

Utilization of local resource

through economic activities,

compacting settlements, jobs

Institutional capacity building

for planning and

implementation, common

infrastructure, integrated urban

planning and monitoring

system

Adapted but not updated

Through this

policy we

recognize

Investment in

Governance and in

infrastructure

Corridors and

valleys as planning

unit

Empowerment

packages to

municipality to

enhance OSR and

for urban

governance

URBAN DEVELOPMENT

URBANFINANCE

URBAN GOVERNANCE

URBAN INVESTMENT

URBAN LAND

URBAN SYSTEM

URBAN INFRASTR.

URBAN ENVIRONMENT

URBANECONOMY

INCLUSIVITY

SUSTAINABILITY

RESILIENCE

GREEN (asset & technology)

EFFICIENCY (in service delivery)

NUDS approaches urban development as 4 thematic sectors and 4 mechanisms for implementation, with 5 guiding principles

National Urban Development Strategy 2017

Emerging poverty pattern

34.2%

40.9%

24.2%

0.73%

Population

32.0%

40.7%

26.5%

0.75%

Households

Non-Poor

Vulnerable Group

Poor

Extremely Poor

Ratnanagar

Mason Training

PhysicalSocial

Economic

Resilience

34.2%

40.9%

24.2%

0.73%

Population

32.0%

40.7%

26.5%

0.75%

Households

Non-Poor

Vulnerable Group

Poor

Extremely Poor

Building Code:12 out of 217 municipalities have enforced National Building Code

Building code in Local authority

(50%) of the municipal wards are Mobilized with Municipal Wards with citizen committees.

Social capital at community level

Disaster management component in periodic plan since 2009 only.

4 out of 58 previous municipalities have Risk Hazard Maps.

municipalities with Earthquake Risk Reduction Program.

InstitutionalPost-disaster plans

Urban investments – as it houses density, heterogeneity, and economies!!

Urban Resilience: Approach of NUDS 2017

Kathmandu Valley: Strategies

Promote environment and tourism friendly economic functions

Institutionalize urban regeneration program in historic core areas tied

with the local economy

De-concentrate environmentally incompatible industries.

Mainstream informal urban economy

1978

1991

2000

2011

JICA, 2012

Investment : Infrastructure Deficit

Description 58 Municipalities 133 Municipalities

New Roads 151,973 345,560

Upgradation of Roads 96,146 173,460

Piped WS Connection 9,019 10,169

Toilets Construction 1,731 4,371

Electricity 652 1,917

Landfill Site 743 683

Storm Drainage 75,129 188,886

Sewerage 37,502 155,910

Total 372,895 880,956

Amount in NRs Millions

Investment RequiredTotal NRs 1,253 billion Total W/O New Road Const. NRs 756 billion

GDP contribution

33%

67%

GDP contribution of municipality and VDC

Urban

Rural

Why Investment in Urban Areas…?

0

10

20

30

40

50

Eastern Central Western Mid-Western Far Western

GDP contribution of the development regions

6%

49%

45%

GDP contribution of the ecological regions

Mountain

Hills

Tarai

05

1015202530354045

Ktm.Valley

Pkh.Valley

Hill Mountain Tarai InnerTarai

GDP contribution of the defined regions

Municipality

VDC

UR relations, jobs creation, demographic dividend, welfare based strategies,

Balanced urban structure, Infrastructure provisions with sustainability and conservations, governance,

Disaster and Climate change risk in human settlements,

LED, affordable housing and adequate access to infrastructure, institutional development

3. Urban Infrastructure Condition Index – UICI

Ranking of Municipalities

Municipality UICI, Points

Rank

Kathmandu Metropolitan 911

Butwal 862

Bhaktapur 783

Baglung 754

Kirtipur 73 5

Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan 73 6

Banepa 73 7

Pokhara Sub Metropolitan 73 8

Dharan 68 9

Madhyapur Thimi 67 10

Municipality UICI, Points

Rank

Gulariya 8 54

Kapilbastu 14 53

Bhimdatta 15 52

Tikapur 16 51

Ramgram 17 50

Siraha 18 49

Narayan 19 48

Jaleshwor 22 47

Gaur 22 46

Amargadhi 24 45

Top 10 Ranked Municipalities Bottom 10 Ranked Municipalities

Four municipalities, namely Triyuga, Rajbiraj, Khadbari, Dipayal, are not included in the ranking list due to lack of data

Urban Livability Index – ULI

How we measure urban infrastructure and facilities Urban Livability Index NUDS

Population density

Road and Transportation

Water Supply Coverage

Electricity Coverage

Sanitation

Housing Type

Solid Waste Management

Ind

icat

ors

Weightage

10

20

20

10

10

5

5

Tota

l : 8

0

% of urban area within municipality (with 10 pp/ha density)

Road Density km/sq km

% of HH with access to piped water supply

% of HH connected to gridline

% of HH with access to toilet

% of pakki house (roof)

Solid Waste Collection

% of hard topped road to total road length

Ranking of Municipalities

Municipality ULI, Points

Rank

Kathmandu Metropolitan 72.1 1

Butwal 69.1 2

Pokhara Sub Metropolitan 60.3 3

Bhaktapur 60.0 4

Baglung 58.4 5

Kirtipur 57.6 6

Banepa 56.8 7

Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan 55.6 8

Dharan 55.4 9

Hetauda 52.3 10

Municipality ULI, Points

Rank

Gulariya 7.2 58

Triyuga 12.0 57

Kapilbastu 12.3 56

Bhimdatta 12.3 55

Ramgram 13.1 54

Tikapur 14.2 53

Siraha 14.5 52

Narayan 15.9 51

Jaleshwor 16.7 50

Gaur 17.6 49

Top 10 Ranked Municipalities Bottom 10 Ranked Municipalities

Urban System: Settlement Distribution Valleys, and Corridors

Urban Form

Urban Investment: Strategies and Budget flow

Investment in Terai townsAll 20 district of terai districts @ 500 M/each10 new towns along postal Highway

27 New Towns

One city; one Identity - 23 towns

13 Smart cities

Birgunj; Butwal; Biratnagar+ Kavre valley ADB

Dhangadhi; Bhimdatta, Attariya; Jhalari PipladiADB

Mechinagar; Itahari; Dhankuta WB

Lekhnath; Baglung; Tansen WB

21 towns WB

Nepalgunj; Siddharthanagar;Janakpur; and Dharan ADB

90 IUDP

6 HimaliTowns

4 Food Green Cities

2 Urban Economic Corridors

27 New towns

13 smart cities

For urban sustainability and resiliency

14th

national Plan toward Green Economy

way forward

• Operationalization of NUDS (UICI and ULI) for investment in urban space

• Gradual shift to Infrastructure Governance – ritual vs project based funding??

• Local institutions to link with performance based investment

• regional learning for innovation

…As Investment is increasing, innovation and co-work is required

…Social development strategy has to be connected with physical development strategy

…As federal system is active, we are in need to develop provincial spatial development plans

….Urban Investment discipline has to be integrated in academics

Governance with Physical Planning is a key

Innovation in Investment model is required

Conclusion

Lets start with PPP; PPAP; PPA and civil society partnership

K building; for urban and even for climate change

Municipal Development plan to be compatible with regional and national strategy..

Make Periodic Plan together with investment plan (not only a wish list)

Let’s coordinate all development through spatial planning…. Or space planning as coordinating attribute

Conclusion……………………………………………………….2

Post Disaster learning to institutionalize

Thank you References:www.moud.gov.npwww.dudbc.gov.npwww.npc.gov.npContact: pkmainalee@hotmail.comFor the same agenda

Together! we can do.