Integrating SDG into national policies and programmes: country priorities in infrastructure development in urban areas
Padma K MainaleeDeputy Director General
Department of Urban Development and Building Construction
Contents
Contents
1. Background
2. Case of National Urban Development Strategy 2017
3. Use of Urban Infrastructure Condition Index – UICI And Urban Livability Index – ULI
4. Conclusion – the way forward
Sustainable Development means Economic Development that is socially responsive and environmentally sustainable – Prof. Jeffrey Sachs
Urban system: Regional Context
Background
Regional Urban System - Schematic
Background
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pal
Urb
an
Ru
ral
E M
ou
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in
C M
ou
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W M
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in
MW
Mo
un
tain
FW M
ou
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ill
C H
ill
W H
ill
MW
Hill
FW H
ill
E Ta
rai
C T
arai
W T
arai
MW
Tar
ai
FW T
arai
2001 2011
Nepal’s Improvements in HDI 2001-2011
Background
HDI status in 5x3 regions = 15 regions (2011)
2015/16
New Constitution;
National Urban DevStrategy
Habitat III
Policy Landscape on sustainability, resiliency and governance
1996
Habitat II
National shelter Policy
2007
National Urban policy
2012
Revised National Shelter Policy
1998
Dev. Com Act
Town Dev. Act
Local Self Governance Act
Issue identification -----Solving techniques -----Policy Guide and Maturity ---- National Agenda
New Constitution
Settlement Development Policy
Housing for all
Cities for all
Inclusive Cities: Resilient Communities
Khadbari
Kalikot
Jomsom RasuwaSimikot
Dasarathchand
Intermediate Growth Center
Taklakot Liji RiyuKhasaKerung
Population Growth
Population in 2001
Kathmandu ValleyPokhara
Gaurifanta
Rupedia Nautanuwa
Regional Economic Center
RaxualJogbani
National Economic Centera balanced national urban system
safe and prosperous urban environment
effective urban management
National Urban Policy 2007Priority in Regional investment,
UR inter linkages, PPP
Utilization of local resource
through economic activities,
compacting settlements, jobs
Institutional capacity building
for planning and
implementation, common
infrastructure, integrated urban
planning and monitoring
system
Adapted but not updated
Through this
policy we
recognize
Investment in
Governance and in
infrastructure
Corridors and
valleys as planning
unit
Empowerment
packages to
municipality to
enhance OSR and
for urban
governance
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
URBANFINANCE
URBAN GOVERNANCE
URBAN INVESTMENT
URBAN LAND
URBAN SYSTEM
URBAN INFRASTR.
URBAN ENVIRONMENT
URBANECONOMY
INCLUSIVITY
SUSTAINABILITY
RESILIENCE
GREEN (asset & technology)
EFFICIENCY (in service delivery)
NUDS approaches urban development as 4 thematic sectors and 4 mechanisms for implementation, with 5 guiding principles
National Urban Development Strategy 2017
Emerging poverty pattern
34.2%
40.9%
24.2%
0.73%
Population
32.0%
40.7%
26.5%
0.75%
Households
Non-Poor
Vulnerable Group
Poor
Extremely Poor
Ratnanagar
Mason Training
PhysicalSocial
Economic
Resilience
34.2%
40.9%
24.2%
0.73%
Population
32.0%
40.7%
26.5%
0.75%
Households
Non-Poor
Vulnerable Group
Poor
Extremely Poor
Building Code:12 out of 217 municipalities have enforced National Building Code
Building code in Local authority
(50%) of the municipal wards are Mobilized with Municipal Wards with citizen committees.
Social capital at community level
Disaster management component in periodic plan since 2009 only.
4 out of 58 previous municipalities have Risk Hazard Maps.
municipalities with Earthquake Risk Reduction Program.
InstitutionalPost-disaster plans
Urban investments – as it houses density, heterogeneity, and economies!!
Urban Resilience: Approach of NUDS 2017
Kathmandu Valley: Strategies
Promote environment and tourism friendly economic functions
Institutionalize urban regeneration program in historic core areas tied
with the local economy
De-concentrate environmentally incompatible industries.
Mainstream informal urban economy
1978
1991
2000
2011
JICA, 2012
Investment : Infrastructure Deficit
Description 58 Municipalities 133 Municipalities
New Roads 151,973 345,560
Upgradation of Roads 96,146 173,460
Piped WS Connection 9,019 10,169
Toilets Construction 1,731 4,371
Electricity 652 1,917
Landfill Site 743 683
Storm Drainage 75,129 188,886
Sewerage 37,502 155,910
Total 372,895 880,956
Amount in NRs Millions
Investment RequiredTotal NRs 1,253 billion Total W/O New Road Const. NRs 756 billion
GDP contribution
33%
67%
GDP contribution of municipality and VDC
Urban
Rural
Why Investment in Urban Areas…?
0
10
20
30
40
50
Eastern Central Western Mid-Western Far Western
GDP contribution of the development regions
6%
49%
45%
GDP contribution of the ecological regions
Mountain
Hills
Tarai
05
1015202530354045
Ktm.Valley
Pkh.Valley
Hill Mountain Tarai InnerTarai
GDP contribution of the defined regions
Municipality
VDC
UR relations, jobs creation, demographic dividend, welfare based strategies,
Balanced urban structure, Infrastructure provisions with sustainability and conservations, governance,
Disaster and Climate change risk in human settlements,
LED, affordable housing and adequate access to infrastructure, institutional development
3. Urban Infrastructure Condition Index – UICI
Ranking of Municipalities
Municipality UICI, Points
Rank
Kathmandu Metropolitan 911
Butwal 862
Bhaktapur 783
Baglung 754
Kirtipur 73 5
Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan 73 6
Banepa 73 7
Pokhara Sub Metropolitan 73 8
Dharan 68 9
Madhyapur Thimi 67 10
Municipality UICI, Points
Rank
Gulariya 8 54
Kapilbastu 14 53
Bhimdatta 15 52
Tikapur 16 51
Ramgram 17 50
Siraha 18 49
Narayan 19 48
Jaleshwor 22 47
Gaur 22 46
Amargadhi 24 45
Top 10 Ranked Municipalities Bottom 10 Ranked Municipalities
Four municipalities, namely Triyuga, Rajbiraj, Khadbari, Dipayal, are not included in the ranking list due to lack of data
Urban Livability Index – ULI
How we measure urban infrastructure and facilities Urban Livability Index NUDS
Population density
Road and Transportation
Water Supply Coverage
Electricity Coverage
Sanitation
Housing Type
Solid Waste Management
Ind
icat
ors
Weightage
10
20
20
10
10
5
5
Tota
l : 8
0
% of urban area within municipality (with 10 pp/ha density)
Road Density km/sq km
% of HH with access to piped water supply
% of HH connected to gridline
% of HH with access to toilet
% of pakki house (roof)
Solid Waste Collection
% of hard topped road to total road length
Ranking of Municipalities
Municipality ULI, Points
Rank
Kathmandu Metropolitan 72.1 1
Butwal 69.1 2
Pokhara Sub Metropolitan 60.3 3
Bhaktapur 60.0 4
Baglung 58.4 5
Kirtipur 57.6 6
Banepa 56.8 7
Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan 55.6 8
Dharan 55.4 9
Hetauda 52.3 10
Municipality ULI, Points
Rank
Gulariya 7.2 58
Triyuga 12.0 57
Kapilbastu 12.3 56
Bhimdatta 12.3 55
Ramgram 13.1 54
Tikapur 14.2 53
Siraha 14.5 52
Narayan 15.9 51
Jaleshwor 16.7 50
Gaur 17.6 49
Top 10 Ranked Municipalities Bottom 10 Ranked Municipalities
Urban System: Settlement Distribution Valleys, and Corridors
Urban Form
Urban Investment: Strategies and Budget flow
Investment in Terai townsAll 20 district of terai districts @ 500 M/each10 new towns along postal Highway
27 New Towns
One city; one Identity - 23 towns
13 Smart cities
Birgunj; Butwal; Biratnagar+ Kavre valley ADB
Dhangadhi; Bhimdatta, Attariya; Jhalari PipladiADB
Mechinagar; Itahari; Dhankuta WB
Lekhnath; Baglung; Tansen WB
21 towns WB
Nepalgunj; Siddharthanagar;Janakpur; and Dharan ADB
90 IUDP
6 HimaliTowns
4 Food Green Cities
2 Urban Economic Corridors
27 New towns
13 smart cities
For urban sustainability and resiliency
14th
national Plan toward Green Economy
way forward
• Operationalization of NUDS (UICI and ULI) for investment in urban space
• Gradual shift to Infrastructure Governance – ritual vs project based funding??
• Local institutions to link with performance based investment
• regional learning for innovation
…As Investment is increasing, innovation and co-work is required
…Social development strategy has to be connected with physical development strategy
…As federal system is active, we are in need to develop provincial spatial development plans
….Urban Investment discipline has to be integrated in academics
Governance with Physical Planning is a key
Innovation in Investment model is required
Conclusion
Lets start with PPP; PPAP; PPA and civil society partnership
K building; for urban and even for climate change
Municipal Development plan to be compatible with regional and national strategy..
Make Periodic Plan together with investment plan (not only a wish list)
Let’s coordinate all development through spatial planning…. Or space planning as coordinating attribute
Conclusion……………………………………………………….2
Post Disaster learning to institutionalize
Thank you References:www.moud.gov.npwww.dudbc.gov.npwww.npc.gov.npContact: [email protected] the same agenda
Together! we can do.
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