Initial Environmental Examination April 2017

Viet Nam: Power Transmission Investment Program Multi-Tranche Financing Facility Tranche 4 Prepared by the National Power Transmission Corporation (NPT) for the Asian Development Bank.

NOTE This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. This document is being disclosed to the public prior to Board consideration in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy 2011. Subject to any revisions required following Board consideration, this document is deemed final.

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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 11 October, 2016) Currency Unit – Dong (D)

D1.00 = $0.00004548 $1.00 = D21,987

ABBREVIATIONS

ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel-Reinforced ADB Asian Development Bank AH Affected Household AP Affected Person APCP Air Pollution Control Plan CEMP Contractor Environmental Management Plan CHSP Community Health and Safety Plan CPPMB Central Power Project Management Board DoNRE Departments of Natural Resources and Environment EA Executing Agency ECA Export Credit Agency EHS Environment, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environment Monitoring Consultant EMF Electric and Magnetic Fields EMMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Program EMoP Environmental Monitoring Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EMS Environmental Monitoring Station EPP Environmental Protection Plan ERP Emergency Response Plan ESAP Environmental and Social Action Plan ESCP Erosion and Stormwater Control Plan ESDDR Environmental and Social Due Diligence Review ESP Electro-Static Precipitation ESU Environment and Social Unit EVN Electricity Viet Nam FGD Flue gas desulfurization FSR Feasibility Study Report FY Fiscal Year GDP Gross Domestic Product GoV Government of Viet Nam GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism HH Household HMMP Hazardous Materials Management Plan IA Implementing Agency ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection IEE Initial Environmental Examination IFC International Finance Corporation IOL Inventory of Loss IWST Industrial Wastewater Treatment System LEP Law of Environmental Protection MASL Meters Above Sea Level MFF Multi-Tranche Financing Facility

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MoNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MPPDV-IV Master Plan for Power Development of Viet Nam No. VI MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet NPPMB Northern Power Project Management Board NPT National Power Transmission Corporation OHSP Occupational Health and Safety Plan OM Operations Manual, ADB OVA Over Fire Air PCR Physical Cultural Resources PECC2 Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 2 PECC3 Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 3 PIC Project Implementation Consultant PIU Project Implementation Unit PMO Project Management Office PPC Provincial Peoples Committee PPE Personnel Protective Equipment PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PTC4 Power Transmission Company No. 4 PTIP Power Transmission Investment Program RP Revegetation Plan SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SH1 TPP Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant SP Subproject SPPMB Southern Power Project Management Board SPS Safeguard Policy Statement, ADB SRLDC A2 South Regional Load Dispatch Centre SRVN Socialist Republic of Viet Nam SS Substation STD Sexually Transmitted Disease SWMP Solid Waste Management Plan TA Technical Assistance TCP Traffic Control Plan TL Transmission Line TPP Thermal Power Plant TR Tranche TSP Total Suspended Particulates UXO Unexploded ordinance VCTP Vegetation Clearance and Trimming Plan VEA Viet Nam Environment Administration WHO World Health Organization WRHP Worker Recruitment and Housing Plan WWMP Wastewater Management Plan

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand, five days CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate cm Centimeter COD Chemical Oxygen Demand dB(A) A-weighted sound pressure level in decibels DO Dissolved Oxygen ha Hectare kg Kilogram

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km Kilometer kV Kilovolt kV/m Kilovolt per Meter Leq Equivalent Continuous Noise Level m Meter m/s Meters per Second m2 Square Meters m³ Cubic Meters mg/l Milligrams per Liter mg/m3 Milligrams per Cubic Meter mm Millimeter MVA Mega Volt Amp MW Megawatt NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide NOx Nitrogen Oxides oC Degrees Celsius pH A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution PM Particulate Matter PM10 Particulate Matter smaller than 10 micrometers SO2 Sulfur Dioxide TSP Total Suspended Particulates μT Microtesla

NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Viet Nam and its agencies ends on 31 December. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ - 1 -

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ - 1 - B. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT- 1

- C. PROJECT SCOPE ..................................................................................................... - 2 - D. BUDGET AND TIME SCHEDULE ................................................................................. - 3 - E. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................ - 4 - F. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .................................................. - 6 - G. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................................... - 7 - H. ASSOCIATED AND EXISTING FACILITIES ..................................................................... - 7 - I. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... - 7 - J. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ......................................... - 8 - K. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .......................................................................... - 8 - L. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... - 8 -

I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1

A. THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................. 1

B. REPORT PURPOSE ...................................................................................................... 1

C. APPROACH TO IEE PREPARATION ................................................................................ 1

D. REPORT STRUCTURE .................................................................................................. 3

II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 4

A. CONSTITUTIONAL, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................... 4

B. EIA PROCEDURES IN VIET NAM .................................................................................... 7

C. STATUS OF DOMESTIC SUBPROJECT EIA REPORTS ...................................................... 7

D. APPLICABLE VIETNAMESE STANDARDS ......................................................................... 8

E. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENTS ......................................................... 8

F. APPLICABLE ADB POLICIES AND REQUIREMENTS .......................................................... 9

G. OTHER RELEVANT GUIDELINES .................................................................................. 10

III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 11

A. THE POWER TRANSMISSION INVESTMENT PROGRAM (PTIP) ........................................ 11

B. PTIP TRANCHE 4 – THE PROJECT .............................................................................. 11

C. DETAILED SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTIONS ...................................................................... 13

D. WORKERS AND WORKER CAMPS ................................................................................ 28

E. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ............................................................................ 28

F. BUDGET, FINANCING PLAN AND TIME SCHEDULE ......................................................... 28

G. ASSOCIATED FACILITIES ............................................................................................ 28

H. EXISTING FACILITIES ................................................................................................. 34

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 35

A. COUNTRY AND PROJECT AREA OVERVIEW .................................................................. 35

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B. PHYSICAL RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 36

C. ECOLOGICAL AND SENSITIVE RESOURCES .................................................................. 57

D. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES .......................................................... 57

V. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................... 63

A. ANTICIPATED PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ......... 63

B. ANTICIPATED CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................ 80

C. ANTICIPATED OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....................... 91

D. ANTICIPATED POSITIVE OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS ................................................. 100

VI. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS .....................................................................................................................101

A. NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE ..................................................................................... 101

B. ALTERNATIVE TL ROUTING ...................................................................................... 101

C. ALTERNATIVE SS SITING ......................................................................................... 104

D. OVERALL ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ............................................................................ 107

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION .................................................................108

A. VIETNAMESE AND ADB REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLIC CONSULTATION ......................... 108

B. PROJECT INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ....................................................................... 108

C. PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS ........................................................................... 108

D. FUTURE CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES ......................................................................... 111

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .....................................................................................................112

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 112

B. ADB’S GRM REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................. 112

C. PROJECT GRM ....................................................................................................... 112

IX. CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................................................115

APPENDICES................................................................................................................................................116

APPENDIX I: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................................117

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 117

B. OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................... 117

C. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS .......................................................................... 117

D. INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND CAPACITY BUILDING ........................................ 121

E. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................................... 121

F. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN ........................................................................... 147

G. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................... 147

H. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS .................................................................................... 151

I. ESTIMATED EMP BUDGET ....................................................................................... 151

J. MECHANISMS FOR FEEDBACK AND ADJUSTMENT ....................................................... 151

APPENDIX II: SUBPROJECT VIETNAMESE EIA APPROVALS ...........................................................................154

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APPENDIX III: DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW OF SONG HAU 1 THERMAL POWER PLANT (ASSOCIATED FACILITY OF

SP2 - 500 KV SONG HAU–DUC HOA TL) .......................................................................................................167

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 167

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 169

B. DUE DILIGENCE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW APPROACH .............................................. 170

C. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ....................................................................................... 172

D. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 176

E. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ............................................................................... 178

F. SOCIAL IMPACTS ..................................................................................................... 197

G. SUMMARY OF DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW FINDINGS ...................................................... 198

H. RECOMMENDATIONS AND CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN ............................................... 204

APPENDIX IV: DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW OF 110 KV FEEDER TLS (ASSOCIATED FACILITIES OF SP3 - CHAU DUC

220 KV SS, AND SP4: BEN LUC 220 KV SS) ....................................................................................................226

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 226

B. DUE DILIGENCE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 228

C. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 228

APPENDIX V: ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF EXISTING FACILITIES OF SP3 - 220 KV CHAU DUC SS, AND SP4 – 220

KV BEN LUC SS. ...........................................................................................................................................233

A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 233

B. ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT AND SITE INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE ................................. 233

C. FINDINGS AND OBSERVATIONS ................................................................................. 234

D. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 234

APPENDIX VI: PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS PHOTOGRAPHS AND ATTENDANCE LISTS ......................238

A. SP1 - 500 KV DUC HOA-CHON THANH TL PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETINGS ............ 238

B. SP2 - 500 KV SONG HAU–DUC HOA TL ................................................................... 248

C. SP3 – 220 KV CHAU DUC SS .................................................................................. 259

D. SP4 – 220 KV BEN LUC SS ..................................................................................... 261

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List of Tables

Table 1: Applicable environmental legal instruments. ..................................................... 5

Table 2: Status of subproject Vietnamese EIAs. ............................................................. 7

Table 3: Approved PTIP MFF Tranches. ....................................................................... 11

Table 4: Project summary description. .......................................................................... 12

Table 5: Summary of SP1 technical features. ............................................................... 15

Table 6: List SP1 towers. .............................................................................................. 15

Table 7: List of SP1 tower foundations. ........................................................................ 16

Table 8: Summary of SP2 technical specifications. ...................................................... 20

Table 9: Summary of SP3 technical specifications. ...................................................... 23

Table 10: Summary of SP4 technical specifications. .................................................... 27

Table 11: Detailed project costs. ................................................................................... 29

Table 12: Project financing plan. .................................................................................. 30

Table 13: Project Associated Facilities. ........................................................................ 30

Table 14: Project Existing Facilities. ............................................................................. 34

Table 15: Landuse within the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL RoW. ................ 36

Table 16: Landuse within the SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL RoW..................... 38

Table 17: Monthly air temperature (oC) data. ................................................................ 46

Table 18: Annual humidity (%) data, 2008-2012. .......................................................... 46

Table 19: Daily and monthly rainfall (mm) data, 2008-2012. ......................................... 47

Table 20: Air, noise sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ......... 48

Table 21: Result of air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum

1 hour), SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ................................................. 49

Table 22: Surface water sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. . 49

Table 23: Result of surface water analysis, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ... 50

Table 24: Air quality and noise sampling site locations, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc

Hoa TL. ................................................................................................................ 50

Table 25: Air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum 1 hour)

results, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. ..................................................... 52

Table 26: Surface water sampling locations, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. .... 52

Table 27: Results of surface water sampling, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. ... 53

Table 28: Air quality monitoring sites, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ............................. 53

Table 29: Ambient air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum 1

hour), SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ...................................................................... 54

Table 30: Location of surface water sampling, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ................ 54

Table 31: Results of surface water quality analysis, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ........ 55

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Table 32: Results of groundwater quality analysis, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ......... 55

Table 33: Ambient air quality (1 hour) and noise monitoring results, SP4 – 220 kV Ben

Luc SS. ................................................................................................................ 55

Table 34: Surface water quality monitoring results, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS. ........... 56

Table 35: The results of groundwater quality in the project area ................................... 56

Table 36: Population data for the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL RoW. .......... 58

Table 37: Population data for the Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL RoW. .................................. 59

Table 38: Land to be permanently acquired land for tower foundations, SP1. .............. 65

Table 39: Affected land by use within the RoW, SP1 .................................................... 66

Table 40: Number and area of houses to be removed from RoW, SP1. ........................ 67

Table 41: Impacts on crops and trees, SP1. ................................................................. 68

Table 42: Land to be permanently acquired for tower foundations, SP2. ...................... 70

Table 43: Affected land by use within the RoW, SP2. ................................................... 71

Table 44: Number and area of houses to be removed from RoW, SP2. ........................ 72

Table 45: Summary of impacts on trees and crops, SP2. ............................................. 73

Table 46: Land to be permanently acquired for SS and TL tower foundations, and

affected land in the TL RoW, SP3. ........................................................................ 74

Table 47: Impacts on crop land for SS and TL tower foundations, and affected land in

the TL RoW, SP3. ................................................................................................. 74

Table 48: Land acquisition and impacts on houses, crops and trees, SP4. ................... 75

Table 49: Summary of Project land acquisition and impacts on houses, crops and trees.

............................................................................................................................. 76

Table 50: Project temporary landuse. ........................................................................... 76

Table 51: Land area to undergo UXO clearance, by subproject. ................................... 91

Table 52: Alternating current minimum working distances for trained employeesa, IFC

EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission. ................................................ 93

Table 53: EMF intensity and allowable working time limits, Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. .... 93

Table 54: ICNIRP exposure limits for general public exposure to EMFs. ...................... 95

Table 55: Assessment of route options, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ....... 101

Table 56: Assessment of route options, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. .......... 103

Table 57: Assessment of siting options, SP3 - Chau Duc 220 kV SS. ......................... 105

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List of Figures

Figure 1: Project location map. ....................................................................................... 2

Figure 2: Location Map, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ................................ 13

Figure 3: Location Map, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL, showing location of

angle towers. ........................................................................................................ 14

Figure 4: Profile diagram of suspension and tension rowers. ....................................... 17

Figure 5: Location Map, SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL. ................................... 19

Figure 6: Location map, SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL, showing location of

angle towers. ........................................................................................................ 20

Figure 7: Location Map, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ................................................. 21

Figure 8: General layout, SP 3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ................................................ 22

Figure 9: Location Map, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS. .................................................... 24

Figure 10: General layout, 220 kV Ben Luc SS. ........................................................... 26

Figure 11: Song Hau Power Complex, Chau Thanh District, Hau Giang Province. ....... 32

Figure 12: SSs to which SP3 – Chau Duc SS will connect. The feeder TLs, which are

Associated Facilities of SP3, have not yet been constructed. ............................... 33

Figure 13: SSs to which SP4 – Ben Luc SS will connect. The feeder TLs, which are

Associated Facilities of SP4, have not yet been constructed. ............................... 33

Figure 14: Topography in project area, southern Viet Nam. .......................................... 35

Figure 15: Site features, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ................................ 37

Figure 16: Site features, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. ................................... 39

Figure 17: Site features, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ................................................. 40

Figure 18: Site features, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS. .................................................... 40

Figure 19: Rivers in the vicinity of SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL................... 42

Figure 20: Rivers in the vicinity of SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. .................... 43

Figure 21: Water resources in the vicinity of the SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS. ............. 44

Figure 22: Water resources in the vicinity of SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS. ...................... 44

Figure 23: Zoning map for maximum credible earthquakes in Viet Nam. The map

indicates that the project area in southern Viet Nam is in a low risk area. ............. 45

Figure 24: Air, noise and surface water sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon

Thanh TL. ............................................................................................................. 48

Figure 25: Air, noise and surface water sampling sites, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc

Hoa TL. ................................................................................................................ 51

Figure 26: EMF intensity of 500 kV TL at above ground (two circuits arranged in

opposite phase). ................................................................................................... 95

Figure 27: Overlay map of flood-prone areas from predicted 1 m sea level rise in 2020

x

to 2100 in the Mekong Delta. .............................................................................. 100

Figure 28: Route options, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL. ............................ 102

Figure 29: Route options, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL. ............................... 103

Figure 30: Site options, SP3 - Chau Duc 220 kV SS. ................................................. 106

Figure 31: Site options, SP4 – Ben Luc 220 kV SS. ................................................... 107

Figure 32: Project GRM ............................................................................................. 114

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Introduction

1. This is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report for Tranche 4 (TR4) of the Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF) for the Power Transmission Investment Program (PTIP) in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam (SRVN). The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is co-financing the PTIP through a Multi-Tranche Financing Facility (MFF). The PTIP will enhance the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads in northern, central, and southern Viet Nam. TR4 (the project) includes four subprojects (SPs) in southern Viet Nam: two 500 kV overhead transmission line (TL) SPs (SP1 and SP2), and two 220 kV substation SPs (SP3 and SP4).

2. The National Power Transmission Corporation (NPT) will be the project Executing Agency (EA), and the Southern Power Project Management Board (SPPMB) will be the Implementing Agency (IA). The SPPMB will form a Project Management Office (PMO) including an Environment and Social Unit (ESU) suitably staffed with qualified environmental and social safeguards specialists. Once construction is complete responsibility for operation of all SPs will be handed over to Power Transmission Company No. 4 (PTC4), a subsidiary of NPT. These institutions will be supported by a Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) and an Environment Monitoring Consultant (EMC). 3. This consolidated IEE covers all four TR4 SPs. It has been prepared based on individual domestic SP EIAs approved at the provincial (for SS SPs) or national (for TL SPs) levels; individual draft SP IEEs prepared by SPPMB consultants based on the approved SP domestic EIAs; site visits conducted by ADB and NPT domestic and international environmental consultants; and consultations with affected persons and stakeholders. It includes all mitigation presented in the domestic SP EIAs and individual draft SP IEEs. However, it is this consolidated IEE that must be complied with under the terms of the project loan agreement.

B. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework for Environmental Management

4. The primary legislation for environmental management and protection in Viet Nam is the Law of Environmental Protection (LEP), introduced in 1994 and updated in 2005 and 2014. The LEP regulates environmental protection activities and policies; measures and resources for protection of the environment; and requirements for environmental assessment. The LEP is supported by a number of Decrees, Circulars and Decisions. Viet Nam also has a number of other laws and associated implementation instruments relating to environmental protection and/or the project:

5. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE) was established in 2002 to manage Viet Nam‘s natural resources and environment. The National Environmental Administration of MoNRE helps to manage national environmental protection activities throughout Viet Nam and their corresponding Departments of Natural Resources and Environment (DoNREs) for the provinces and the five cities (Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City, Can Tho, Da Nang and Hai Phong) under central government administration.

6. The LEP requires EIAs to be prepared at the project feasibility phase. Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP provide the list of projects requiring strategic environmental assessment (SEA) or EIA, respectively. Energy projects typically requiring an EIA includes all thermal power plants (TPPs), 110 kV or higher TLs, SSs 500 kV and over, and hydropower plants over 10 MW. Investment projects not requiring an EIA are required to prepare an environmental protection plan (EPP).

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7. The Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009) establishes the ADB’s EIA requirements. The project has been classified as environment category B under the SPS (2009), requiring the preparation of an IEE (this report).

C. Project Scope

8. TR4 (the project) includes four SPs in southern Viet Nam: SP1 - 500 kilovolt (kV) Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL; SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL; SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS; and, SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

9. SP1 – 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL will be a newly constructed 500 kV overhead TL connecting power sources in the Chon Thanh 500 kV SS vicinity with the southwest region via the 500 kV Chon Thanh SS. SP1 will ensure a reliable power supply for the 500 kV Chon Thanh, Cu Chi and Tay Ninh SSs, and strengthen the regional 500 kV grid by preventing overloads, especially in the case of incidents, while minimizing damage to electrical systems.

10. The 500 kV Chon Thanh and Duc Hoa SSs are being funded through PTIP tranche 3, and IEEs have been prepared for each and disclosed on the ADB website.

11. The SP1 TL will start at the 500 kV Duc Hoa SS in Duc Hoa District, Long An Province, and will terminate at the 500 kV Chon Thanh SS in Chon Thanh District, Binh Phuoc Province. The TL will pass through 25 communes of eight districts of four provinces (Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc).

12. SP1 will be a double circuit 500 kV overhead TL utilizing 4 x ACSR 330 conductors. It will have a length of 103.8 km, a right-of-way (RoW) of 34 m and a RoW area of 352.92 ha. 253 galvanized steel lattice transmission towers will be required. 313 houses and structures in the RoW will be permanently removed, and 112,585 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

13. SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL will be a newly constructed 500 kV overhead TL designed to i) connect the capacity of the Song Hau 1 TPP to the national power grid; ii) transmit the capacity of power plants in the Southwestern Viet Nam to the Ho Chi Minh city area load center (in conjunction with other TLs lines such as the 500 kV Duc Hoa - Phu Lam TL, the Duc Hoa - Cau Bong TL, and the Duc Hoa - My Phuoc TL); and iii) stabilize the operation and reliability of the regional power system.

14. The 500 kV Duc Hoa SS is being funded through PTIP tranche 3, and an IEE has been prepared for it and disclosed on the ADB website. The Song Hau TPP is discussed under Associated Facilities, below.

15. The SP2 TL will start at the busbar of the 500 kV switchyard of the Song Hau Power Complex (located at Mai Dam Commune, Chau Thanh District, Hau Giang Province), and will terminate at the proposed 500 kV Duc Hoa SS in Binh Loi Hamlet, Hoa Khanh Dong Commune, Duc Hoa District, Long An Province. The TL will pass through 38 communes in 14 districts of Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An provinces.

16. SP2 will be a double circuit 500 kV overhead TL utilizing 4 x ACSR 600 conductors. It will have a length of 133.47 km and a right-of-way (RoW) width of 34 m, giving a total RoW area of 453.92 ha. 291 galvanized steel transmission towers will be required. A total of 513

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houses and structures in the RoW will be permanently removed, and 184,620.7 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

17. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS will be a newly constructed 220/110 kV SS, designed to i) provide power to industrial zones and other load areas of the rapidly growing Ba Ria-Vung Tau province; ii) reduce demands on the Ba Ria TPP, which has high production costs; and iii) improve the reliability of the 220 kV and 110 kV regional power systems. In addition to the SS, SP3 includes a new 2.8 km 220 kV TL connecting to and sourcing power from the existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh double circuit TL. The SS will be located within an existing rubber plantation managed by the Ba Ria Rubber Company, in, Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province.

18. A 2.8 km 220 kV TL will connect to and source power from the existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh double circuit TL. The 220 kV connecting TL will have four circuits, though only two will be installed in the first phase. The TL RoW will be 22 m (11 m either side of the TL centerline) and the total RoW area is 69,600 m2. The TL will consist of 9 galvanized steel lattice towers.

19. Construction of the SP3 SS will require the permanent acquisition of 47,360 m2 for the SS and TL RoW. There are no houses or other structures that need to be relocated.

SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

20. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS will be a newly constructed 220 kV SS, designed to i) contribute to the socio-economic development of Ben Luc district by meet the power needs of one of the largest load centers in Long An province; ii) supply part of the power needs of the Ho Chi Minh city area; and iii) reduce the load on the 220 kV Long An and 500 kV Phu Lam SSs. The SS will initially have a capacity of 250 MVA in the first phase, but in a future phase will be expanded to 500 MVA. In addition to the SS, SP4 includes a new 2.9 km 220 kV TL connecting to and sourcing power from the existing 500/220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon double circuit TL (Phu Lam – Long An section). The SS will be located in a rice field about 100 m from Provincial Road 832, Village 6, Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province.

21. A 2.9 km 220 kV TL will connect to and source power from the existing 500/220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon double circuit TL (Phu Lam – Long An section). The TL will pass through two communes; 360 m will be in Thanh Duc commune, and 2,549 m in Nhut Chanh commune. The 220 kV connecting TL will have four circuits, though only two will be installed in the first phase.

22. The TL RoW will be 22 m (11 m either side of the TL centerline) and the total RoW area is 63,998 m2. The TL will consist of 13 galvanized steel lattice towers. Four houses and two animal shelters will be relocated to outside of the TL RoW.

D. Budget and Time Schedule

23. The total project cost is estimated at $267.26 million. The detailed design and construction period for the project will be approximately 36 months, commencing in 2017. The project expected lifetime is 50 years.

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E. Description of the Environment

Country and Project Overview

24. Viet Nam is located on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia, and has an area of 331,210 km2, a coastline of 3,444 km (excluding islands), a population of 92.5 million, and a population density of 279 person/km2. About a third of the population lives in urban centers. Viet Nam has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Agriculture's share of economic output has shrunk from about 25% in 2000 to 18% in 2014, while industry's share increased from 36% to 38% in the same period. GDP was $186.2 billion in 2014, with state-owned enterprises accounting for about 40% of GDP.

25. The project is situated in a total of 9 provinces in southern Viet Nam, one of the fastest growing regions in the country.

Landuse and Topography

26. The four SPs are all located in, or traverse, predominantly rural agricultural areas, with cropping focused on annual and perennial crops including rice, fruit and rubber.

27. Topography along the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL at Tay Ninh and Long An provinces is relatively flat with typical elevations ranging from 0 to 2 meters above sea level (masl). Topography along the SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL is also relatively flat with elevations from 1 to 6 masl. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS is situated within a rubber plantation, and local topography is flat (90 masl) though there are local hills with higher elevations sloping to the north. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS is situated within the Mekong Delta. The site is generally flat, with elevations ranging from 0.75 to 6.5 masl.

Surface Water Resources

28. There are 3 rivers in the vicinity of the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL: Vam Co Dong River, Saigon River and Be River. The rivers are part of the Dong Nai river system. There are also many small canals in the TL vicinity.

29. The SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL crosses a number of rivers and canals, ditches, including two major river systems, the Tien and Hau Rivers, the former being the northern branch of the Mekong River after it enters Viet Nam, and the latter being the Mekong’s southern branch. Other rivers in the vicinity include the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay. The riparian zones are lowland and flood annually during the September to October flood season.

30. There are no surface water resources at the SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS site. The nearest surface water is Da Bac Lake, 1.2 km southeast of the end of the connection 220 kV TL. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS is located approximately 1 km from the Vam Co Dong River. There are also irrigation canals flowing from, and to, the Vam Co Dong River and which serve to both drain and provide irrigation for intensive rice cropping. The area is low lying and overflows from the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay rivers makes the area susceptible to floods resulting from climate change induced sea level rise. The SS will utilize a raised foundation as an adaptation measure.

Climate

31. All four SPs are situated in the Southern Climate Zone, characterized by a tropical monsoon climate with high temperatures and humidity. Annually the climate is divided into a rainy season from May to November, and a dry season from December to April. Moisture

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and sunshine are abundant, and there is a narrow diurnal temperature range.

32. Annual average temperatures are constant within a narrow range of 25-27 oC. Maximum temperatures are 40-43 oC in April and the lowest temperatures are 13-14 oC in January. Average annual sunshine is 1,800 to 2,500 hr/yr. Annual average humidity ranges from 80%-90%, with maximum humidity typically occurring in July or August and minimum humidity occurring in February or March. The rainy season accounts for 80-87% of annual rainfall.

Baseline Ambient Monitoring

SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

33. Noise and air quality was monitored at ten sites along the TL alignment. Air quality (dust, SO2, NO2, CO, Cl2, NH3) in the SP area is generally good, and all sites complied with relevant regulations except for several sites where the TL crosses roads. Noise levels are also generally good, and again all sites complied with relevant regulations except monitoring sites where the TL crosses roads.

34. Surface water quality was monitored at ten sites surrounding the SP area. The results show that the surface water quality is moderately polluted and relevant standards were exceeded for TS and BOD5 at a number of sites.

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

35. Noise and air quality was monitored at ten sites along the TL alignment. The results indicate that both air quality and noise comply with relevant standards. Surface water quality was monitored at nine sites surrounding the SP area. The results indicate that the surface water is slightly polluted.

SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

36. Noise and air quality was monitored at three sites near the Chau Duc SS. The results indicate that air and noise were in compliance with the relevant standards. Surface water quality was monitored at Da Bac Lake, near the SP site. The results indicate that the water quality is good and in compliance with the relevant irrigation water quality standard.

SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

37. Ambient noise and air quality was monitored at three sites in the SP area. The results indicate that air quality and noise was in compliance with relevant standards. Surface water quality was monitored at the Vam Co Dong river in Nhut Chanh commune at the nearest section to the proposed SS. The analysis indicates that all parameters were in compliance with the relevant standard.

Flora, Fauna and Protected Areas

38. The two TL SPs, (SP1 and SP2) were field surveyed in January to May and September to December, 2015. The TL alignments pass through primarily agricultural areas dominated by rice and perennials. There are no remaining stands of natural forest within the RoWs. There are no reports of any rare or endangered flora or fauna in the RoW vicinity, and this was confirmed by the surveys.

39. The two SS SPs (SP3 and SP4) are also located within agricultural areas. Surveys of both sites confirm that there are no rare or endangered flora or fauna present.

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40. There are no parks or protected areas or protection forests within or adjacent to any of the SPs.

Administrative Divisions

41. The SP1 TL RoW will traverse 25 communes in eight districts of four provinces. The SP2 TL RoW will traverse 38 communes in 14 districts of 5 provinces. The SP3 SS will be located in Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province, and the SP4 SS will be located in Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province.

Economy

42. Viet Nam has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Agriculture's share of economic output has shrunk from about 25% in 2000 to 18% in 2014, while industry's share increased from 36% to 38% in the same period. State-owned enterprises now account for only about 40% of GDP. Total GDP was $551.3 billion (2015 est.), GDP growth rate was 6.5% (2015 est.), and per capita GDP was $6,100 (2015 est.).

Infrastructure

43. The SP areas are well served by a network of national and provincial highways and roads, as well as airports.

Health and Education

44. All residents in communes in the project areas have access to kindergarten, primary schools, and secondary schools. Residents also have access to health care at the commune, district and provincial levels.

Physical Cultural Resources

45. Surveys of the TL SPs RoWs and SS sites and connecting TL RoWs indicate that there are no known physical cultural resources (PCRs) within the SP site areas.

Unexploded Ordinance

46. Unexploded ordinance (UXO) is a significant issue in Viet Nam after decades of war. It is a legal requirement to having specialized army units conduct mine and other UXO clearance in all SP areas prior to commencement of construction.

F. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures

47. Anticipated positive and negative environmental impacts of the proposed project were assessed based domestic SP EIAs approved at the provincial (for SSs) or national (for TLs) levels; SP IEEs prepared by SPPMB consultants; site visits conducted by ADB and NPT domestic and international environmental consultants; and consultations with affected persons and stakeholders.

48. Pre-construction, construction phase and operation phases were each considered separately. The results of the assessment analysis indicates that during the pre-construction phase negative impacts are significant and long-term, and are primarily associated with permanent land acquisition, loss of perennial and annual crops, and loss of houses and other structures.

49. Potential negative construction phase environmental impacts are short-term and

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localized, and are associated with soil erosion, construction noise, fugitive dust, wastewater, solid and hazardous waste, disruption of traffic and community services, risks to worker health and safety, and the risk of UXO.

50. Potential negative impacts during the operation phase include risks to worker health and safety, risks to community health and safety, hazardous wastes, emergency situations, and impacts from RoW vegetation management.

51. Potential negative pre-construction, construction phase and operation phase impacts can be effectively mitigated through the application of appropriate good international practice mitigation measures including compensation for loss of assets, good construction and health and safety practices, good operational management practices, and compliance with relevant GoV standards and good international practice guidelines.

52. Potential positive operation phase impacts are significant and long-term, and are associated with meeting the growth in electricity demand in southern Viet Nam, enhancing the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads, and improving the operational effectiveness and efficiency of the NPT for financing, managing and operating the transmission network to ensure a reliable electricity supply.

G. Environmental Management Plan

53. A comprehensive EMP was developed to ensure: (i) implementation of identified mitigation and management measures to avoid, reduce, mitigate, and compensate for anticipated adverse environment impacts; (ii) implementation of monitoring and reporting against the performance indicators; and (iii) project compliance with the Viet Nam’s relevant environmental laws, standards and regulations and the ADB’s SPS. The EMP includes an environment monitoring plan (EMoP) to monitor the environmental impacts of the project and assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures, and a capacity building and training program focused on health, safety and environment. Organizational responsibilities and budgets are clearly identified for execution, monitoring and reporting. The EMP is presented in Appendix I.

H. Associated and Existing Facilities

54. Associated Facilities are facilities that are not funded as part of a project but whose viability and existence depend exclusively on the project, and whose goods or services are essential for successful operation of the project. Project Associated Facilities were identified during an ADB consultation mission in early 2016, and include the Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant (Associated Facility of SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL) and 110 kV feed TLs from the SSs to power demand centers (Associated Facilities of SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS and SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS). Due diligence reviews of the Associated Facilities for SP2, SP3 and SP4 are presented in Appendix III and IV.

55. If a project involves an Existing Facility the ADB SPS requires an environmental audit of the facility. Project Existing Facilities were identified during an ADB consultation mission in early 2016, and consist of connection portions of the existing 220 kV grid TLs that will energize the Chau Duc and Ben Luc SSs (e.g. the area where the SP connecting 220 kV TLs connect to the grid, spanning a length of two towers on the existing 220 kV TLs). An environmental audit of the Existing Facilities for SP3 and SP4 is presented in Appendix V.

I. Alternative Analysis

56. An analysis of project alternatives was undertaken during the feasibility stage to determine the most financially and technically feasible way of achieving the project outcome

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while minimizing environmental and social impacts. Based on the analysis of alternatives, the project has selected the most appropriate TL alignments and SS site locations.

J. Information Disclosure and Public Consultations

57. Information on each SP was disclosed to affected persons (APs) and stakeholders. All approved SP Vietnamese EIAs were disclosed during their preparation. A draft of this consolidated IEE was disclosed to the relevant district and Commune PC offices in June 2016, along with SP Resettlement Plans. The finalized and approved consolidated IEE will be disclosed again at those offices. In addition, the finalized and approved consolidated IEE will be disclosed on the SPPMB website, and will be available at the SPPMB office. Similarly, all reporting on stakeholder consultations, environmental monitoring and EMP implementation will also be disclosed at the same offices and websites. This IEE will also be disclosed by the ADB on its website (www.adb.org).

58. Formal community consultation meetings were held from October 2015 to March 2016 in every commune in which a project TL passes through, or a project SS is located. The meetings were attended by over 1200 participants. The majority of participant’s concerns were related to compensation for lost land and crops. The project owner and contractor were requested to strictly implement environmental protection measures during the construction stage to avoid negative effects on life and livelihoods of the local communities, to use construction methods that prevent or minimize noise, to ensure that wastewater, waste, noise, and dust do not affect people, and to provide information on the safe operation of TLs. Overall, there was very strong community support for the Project.

K. Grievance Redress Mechanism

59. A project-level grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been established to receive and facilitate resolution of complaints about the project during the construction and operation phases. The GRM includes procedures for receiving grievances, recording/ documenting key information, and evaluating and responding to the complainants in a reasonable time period. Any concerns raised through the GRM will be addressed quickly and transparently, and without retribution to the affected person.

L. Conclusion

60. The project environmental assessment process has: (i) identified potential negative environment impacts and appropriately established mitigation measures; (ii) received public support from the project beneficiaries and affected people; (iii) established effective project GRM procedures; and (iv) prepared a comprehensive EMP including environmental management and supervision structure, environmental mitigation and monitoring plans, and capacity building and training.

61. Overall, any minimal adverse environmental impacts associated with the project can be prevented, reduced, or minimized through the appropriate application of mitigation measures. It is therefore recommended that: (i) the project’s categorization as ADB environment category B is confirmed; (ii) this IEE is considered sufficient to meet ADB’s environmental safeguard requirements for the project, and no additional studies are required; and (iii) the project be supported by ADB, subject to the implementation of the commitments contained in the EMP and allocation of appropriate technical, financial and human resources by the EA and IA to ensure these commitments are effectively and expediently implemented.

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. The Project

1. This is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report for Tranche 4 (TR4) of the Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF) for the Power Transmission Investment Program (PTIP) in the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam (SRVN).

2. Electricity Viet Nam (EVN) is developing transmission networks and substations in Viet Nam to support economic growth and ensure access to a reliable supply of electricity throughout the country. The Government of Viet Nam (GoV) hopes to connect 90% of the population to electricity by 2020, and provide 100% coverage by 2025. The Master Plan for Power Development of Viet Nam No. VI (MPPDV-IV) includes a program for development of transmission lines (TLs) and substations (SSs), provision of meters, and rehabilitation of urban and rural low voltage distribution networks.

3. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is co-financing the PTIP through a Multi-Tranche Financing Facility (MFF). The PTIP will enhance the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads in northern, central, and southern Viet Nam. It will i) expand the electricity transmission infrastructure by constructing and upgrading 500 kilovolt (kV) and 220 kV TLs and associated SSs; ii) improve the operational effectiveness and efficiency of the National Power Transmission Corporation (NPT); and iii) support the implementation of the investment program. It is expected that there will be a total of 5 MFF tranches.

4. TR4 (the project) includes four subprojects (SPs) in southern Viet Nam: SP1 - 500 kilovolt (kV) Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh overhead TL through Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc provinces; SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL through Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An provinces; SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS in Ba Rịa–Vung Tau province; and, SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS in Long An province (Figure 1).

5. The NPT is the PTIP Executing Agency (EA). The Northern Power Project Management Board (NPPMB) is the Implementing Agency (IA) for PTIP subprojects in northern Viet Nam; the Central Power Project Management Board (CPPMB) is the IA for PTIP subproject in central Viet Nam; and the Southern Power Project Management Board (SPPMB) is the IA for PTIP subprojects in southern Viet Nam. The SPPMB will be the IA for TR4 (the project). Once construction is complete responsibility for project operation will be handed over to Power Transmission Company No. 4 (PTC4), a subsidiary of NPT.

B. Report Purpose

6. ADB’s environmental safeguard requirements are specified in the Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009). The project has been screened and classified as Environment Category B under SPS 2009, requiring the preparation of an IEE including an environmental management plan (EMP).

C. Approach to IEE Preparation

7. This consolidated IEE covers all four TR4 SPs. It has been prepared based on individual domestic SP EIAs approved at the provincial (for SS SPs) or national (for TL SPs) levels; individual draft SP IEEs prepared by SPPMB consultants based on the approved SP domestic EIAs; site visits conducted by ADB and NPT domestic and international environmental consultants; and consultations with affected persons and stakeholders.

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Figure 1: Project location map.

Source: Google Earth, Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

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8. This consolidated IEE includes all mitigation presented in the domestic SP EIAs and individual draft SP IEEs. However, it is this consolidated IEE that must be complied with under the terms of the project loan agreement.

D. Report Structure

9. This IEE report consists of an executive summary, nine chapters and six appendixes. The report is structured as follows:

Executive Summary Summarizes critical facts, significant findings, and recommended actions. I Introduction Introduces the project, report purpose, approach to IEE preparation and IEE structure. II Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework Discusses Viet Nam’s and ADB’s environmental assessment legal and institutional frameworks, status of approval of the domestic IEE reports, and applicable environmental guidelines and standards. III Description of the Project Describes the project rationale, scope, components, location, key features, implementation arrangements, budget and time schedule. IV Description of the Environment Describes relevant physical, biological, and socioeconomic conditions within the project area. V Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Describes impacts predicted to occur as a result of the project, and identifies the mitigation measures which will be implemented. VI Analysis of Alternatives Presents an analysis of project alternatives undertaken to determine the best way of achieving the project objectives while minimizing environmental and social impacts. VII Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation Describes the process undertaken for engaging stakeholders and carrying out IEE disclosure and public consultation. VIII Grievance Redress Mechanism Describes the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM) for resolving complaints. IX Conclusion and Recommendation Presents conclusions drawn from the assessment and recommendations. Appendixes Appendix I presents the environmental management plan (EMP), including required construction and operation phase environmental mitigation measures, an environmental monitoring plan (EMoP), reporting requirements, and capacity building. Other appendices present subproject domestic EIA approvals; due diligence reviews and environmental audits of associated and existing facilities; and documentation from public consultation meetings.

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II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Constitutional, Legal and Institutional Framework

1. Constitution

10. Viet Nam is a civil code jurisdiction based on socialist legal theory and French civil law. The revised SRVN Constitution was adopted on November 28, 2013, and outlines the major elements of environmental protection in Viet Nam. The constitution stipulates that the nation‘s land, forests, wildlife, water, and natural resources belong to the people of Viet Nam and are to be managed by the government and the specific groups it may appoint.

2. Legal Framework for Environmental Management

11. The primary legislation for environmental management and protection in Viet Nam is the Law of Environmental Protection (LEP), introduced in 1994 and updated in 2005 and 2014. The LEP regulates environmental protection activities and policies; measures and resources for protection of the environment; and requirements for environmental assessment. The latest amendment to the LEP establishes the liability of polluters to pay compensation for damage caused to the environment and natural resources. The amount of compensation payable depends on the natural resources that have suffered damage. The LEP is supported by a number of Decrees, Circulars and Decisions (Table 1).

12. Viet Nam also has a number of other laws and associated implementation instruments relating to environmental protection and/or the project, including:

Land Land Law No. 45/2013/QH13 dated November 29, 2013 of the National Assembly

of the SRVN, coming into force on July 1, 2014. Decree No. 43/2014/ND-CP dated May 15, 2014 of the Government on the

implementation of the Land Law.

Forestry Law on Forest Protection and Development, dated 14 December 2004, coming into

force on 1 April 2005. Directive No. 38/2005/CT-TTg on resurveying and re-planning forests of three kinds

(protection forests, special-use forests and production forests). - 05 December 2005.

Decree No. 23/2006/ND-CP on the Implementation of the Law on Forest Protection and Development, 03 March 2006.

Biodiversity Biodiversity Law No. 20/2008/QH12 passed on Nov. 13th, 2008 by the 4th Session

of the 12th National Assembly of the SRVN, and put into force from Jul. 1st, 2009.

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Table 1: Applicable environmental legal instruments.

Laws - Environmental Protection Law No. 55/2014/QH13 of the 13th National Assembly, the 7th

Session, passed on June 23, 2014 and put into force from Jan. 1st, 2015. - Environmental Protection Tax Law approved by the National Assembly on November 15,

2010. - Biodiversity Law No. 20/2008/QH12 passed on Nov. 13th, 2008 by the 4th Session of the

12th National Assembly of the SRVN, and put into force from Jul. 1st, 2009. Decrees - Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 of the Government on regulating

strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection commitment.

- Decree No. 38/2015/ND-CP dated April 4th, 2015 of the Government regarding waste and scrap management

- Decree No. 179/2013/ND-CP dated November 14th, 2013 of the Government regarding the sanction of administrative violations in the domain of environmental protection.

- Decree No. 59/2007/ND-CP dated April 9th, 2007 issued by the GoV on solid waste management.

- Decree No. 174/2007/ND-CP dated November 29, 2007 of the Government on environmental protection charges for solid waste.

Circulars - Circular No. 36/2015/TT-BTNMT dated June 30, 2015 of the Ministry of Natural

Resources and Environment on management of hazardous wastes. - Circular No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT dated on 29 May 2015 on strategy environmental

assessment, environmental impact assessment, and environmental protection plan. - Circular No. 32/2013/TT-BTNMT dated October 25, 2013 by Ministry of Natural

Resources and Environment promulgating national technical regulations on environment. - Circular No. 12/2011/TT-BTNMT dated April 14, 2011 on hazardous waste management.

Source: ADB and NPT consultants.

Construction Construction Law No. 50/2014/QH13 dated June 18, 2014 of the National Assembly

of the SRVN, coming into effect on January 1, 2015. Procurement Law No. 43/2013/QH13 dated November 26, 2013 of the National

Assembly providing for the procurement activities. Decree No. 59/2015/ND-CP dated June 18, 2015 of the Government on

management of investment project construction. Decree No. 46/2015/ND-CP dated May 12, 2015 of the Government on

management of construction quality and maintenance.

Fire Protection Law on Fire Prevention adopted 26 June 2001. Revised Law on Fire Prevention No. 40/2013/QH13 by the National Assembly of the

SRVN dated November 22, 2013. Decree No. 79/2014/ND-CP dated July 31, 2014 of the Government on detailed

regulations for implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Fire Prevention and the Revised Law on Fire Prevention.

Decree No. 52 / 2012/ND-CP of the Government stipulating sanctions against administrative violations in the field of fire prevention and fighting.

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3. Institutional Framework for Environmental Management

13. The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE) was established in 2002 to manage Viet Nam‘s natural resources and environment. The National Environmental Administration of MoNRE helps to manage national environmental protection activities throughout Viet Nam, while their corresponding Departments of Natural Resources and Environment (DoNREs) deliver the same for the provinces and the five cities under central government administration.

14. The Viet Nam Environment Administration (VEA) was established in 2008 and assists the MoNRE Minister in the execution of state management tasks regarding environmental protection including compliance with and enforcement of the LEP. The Environmental Police Agency was established in 2007 to conduct inspections and apply administrative sanctions for environmental violation.

4. Legal Framework for Electricity Transmission

15. The legal framework for electricity transmission includes:

Electricity Law No. 28/2004/QH11 dated Dec. 03rd, 2004. Law on modification, supplementation on some articles of the Electricity Law No.

24/2012/QH13 issued by the National Assembly of the SRVN, dated Nov. 20th, 2012.

Decree No. 14/2014/ND-CP dated Feb. 26th, 2014 promulgated by the GoV regarding the detailed regulation on the implementation of the Electricity Law on electric safety, put into force from Apr. 15th, 2014 (previously Decree No. 106/2005/ND-CP).

Decree No. 137/2013/ND-CP of the Government providing detailed regulations for implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Electricity and the Supplemented Law on Electricity.

Decree No. 68/2010/ND-CP dated June 15, 2010 of the Government stipulating sanctions in the field of electricity.

Decree No. 81/2009/NĐ-CP, issued 17/08/2005, on the safety protection of high-voltage power grids

Circular No. 31/2014/TT-BCT dated Oct. 2nd, 2014 issued by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) regarding the detailed regulation on some contents of electrical safety.

Circular No. 03/2010/TT-BCT dated January 22, 2010 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade providing a number of provisions on protection of safety of high-voltage grid.

Circular No: 22/2010/TT-BXD, issued 3 December 2010, prescribing labor safety requirements in construction, maintenance, renovation, restoration, and decommissioning of sector facilities

Ministry of Industry and Trade Circular No. 03/2010/TT-BCT, issued 22 January 2010, regarding protection on high-voltage power networks.

5. Legal Framework for Compensation and Resettlement

16. The legal framework for compensation and resettlement includes:

- the Constitution of the SRVN (2013); - Land Law No. 45/2013/QH13, dated 29 November 2013, providing Viet Nam with a

comprehensive land administration law; - Decree No. 43/2014/ND-CP, dated 15 May 2014, guiding the implementation of

some articles of the 2013 Land Law;

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- Decree No. 47/2014/ND-CP, dated 15 May 2014 on compensation, rehabilitation and resettlement in the event of land recovery by the State; and,

- Decree No 44/2014/ND-CP, dated 15 May 2014 on land prices.

B. EIA Procedures in Viet Nam

17. The LEP requires EIAs to be prepared at the project feasibility phase. Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP and Appendices I and II provide the list of projects requiring strategic environmental assessment (SEA) or EIA, respectively. Large infrastructure projects, including power transmission, typically require an EIA, including:

projects in which investment is decided by the National Assembly or Prime Minister; large scale construction projects; large scale transportation projects; energy projects including all thermal power plants, 110 kV or higher TLs, SSs 500

kV and over, and hydropower plants over 10 MW; oil and gas projects; and, projects involving relocation and resettlement of more the 300 houses.

18. Investment projects not requiring an EIA are required to prepare an environmental protection plan (EPP).

19. Section 3 of the LEP outlines the requirements for SEA, EIA, and EPP for designated projects. Article 19 stipulates that owners of projects must prepare the EIAs. The EIAs must be submitted to the competent state agencies for approval and must be formulated at the same time at the projects feasibility study report. The contents of the EIA are outlined in Article 22. Environmental management issues must be addressed in EIA reports and the project proponent is required to prepare an Environmental Management and Monitoring Program (EMMP), including a budget for environmental management activities and institutional arrangements.

20. The EIA is assessed either by Ministry staff or by a relevant provincial level committee. Article 25 of the LEP 2014 provides that the assessment must be undertaken within 20 days of the final revisions of the EIA.

C. Status of Domestic Subproject EIA Reports

21. Under Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP EIAs were required for all four SPs. The EIAs were prepared by Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 2 (PECC2) or Power Engineering Consulting Joint Stock Company 3 (PECC3) under contract to SPPMB. All subproject EIAs have been approved. The status of the domestic SP EIA preparation and approvals is summarized in Table 2.

Table 2: Status of subproject Vietnamese EIAs.

Subproject EIA Status EIA Prepared by Approved By Approval Certificate

SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL PECC3 for SPPMB Approved by MoNRE in

April 2016

Decision No. 910/ QĐ-BTNMT, dated 21 April 2016. Presented in Appendix II.

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL PECC3 for SPPMB Approved by MoNRE in

May 2015

Decision No. 1144/QĐ-BTNMT dated May 18, 2015. Presented in Appendix II.

SP3 – 220 kV Chau PECC3 for SPPMB Approved by Ba Rịa– Decision No. 1107/QĐ-

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Duc SS Vung Tau DoNRE in May 2016

UBND dated May 10, 2015. Presented in Appendix II.

SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS PECC 2 for SPPMB Approved by Long An

DONRE in June 2015

Decision No. 1917/QĐ-UBND dated June 1, 2015. Presented in Appendix II.

D. Applicable Vietnamese Standards

22. Vietnamese technical standards approval to the project include:

QCVN 01: 2008/BCT - National Technical Regulation for Safety. QCVN 03: 2008/BTNMT – National technical regulation on the allowable limits of

heavy metals in the soils. QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT - National technical regulation on ambient air quality. QCVN 06:2013/BTNMT: National technical regulation of some toxic substances on

ambient air quality. QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT - National technical regulation on hazardous waste

thresholds. QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT - National technical regulation on surface water quality. QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT - National technical regulation on underground water

quality. QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT - National technical regulation on domestic wastewater. QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT - National technical regulation on noise. QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT - National technical regulation on vibration. QCVN QTD-5: 2009/BCT - National technical regulation on electrical engineering -

electrical equipment verification of the system. QCVN QTD-6: 2009/BCT - National technical regulation on electrical engineering -

electrical equipment maintenance, repair and operation of the system. QCVN QTD-7: 2009/BCT - National technical regulation on electrical engineering -

Power project construction. Decision 3733: 2002/BYT: Decision on issuing 21 labor hygiene standards, 5

principles and 7 occupational health parameters.

E. International Environmental Commitments

23. Viet Nam is signatory to the following relevant international conventions:

1971, Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar).

1972, Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.

1973, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Wild Fauna and Flora.

1982, Protocol to Amend the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, Paris.

1985, FAO International Code of Conduct on the Distribution and Use of Pesticides. 1985, Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer. 1987, Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. 1989, Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of

Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.

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1992, Convention on Biological Diversity. 1992, Copenhagen Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that

Deplete the Ozone Layer, Copenhagen. 1992, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2009, Stockholm Convention on Protection of Human Health and the Environment

from Persistent Organic Chemicals (including PCBs).

F. Applicable ADB Policies and Requirements

24. The major applicable ADB policies, requirements and procedures for EIA are presented in the Environmental Safeguards – A Good Practice Sourcebook (2012), and the Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009), which jointly provide the basis for this IEE. The SPS promotes good international practice as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s EHS Guidelines. The policy is underpinned by the ADB Operations Manual for the SPS (OM Section F1, 2013).

25. The SPS establishes an environmental review process to ensure that projects funded through ADB loans are environmentally sound, are designed to operate in line with applicable regulatory requirements, and are not likely to cause significant environment, health, social, or safety hazards.

26. At an early stage in the project cycle, typically the project identification stage, ADB screens and categorizes proposed projects based on the significance of potential project impacts and risks. A project’s environment category is determined by the category of its most environmentally sensitive component, including direct, indirect, induced, and cumulative impacts. Project screening and categorization are undertaken to:

i) reflect the significance of the project’s potential environmental impacts;

ii) identify the type and level of environmental assessment and institutional resources required for the safeguard measures proportionate to the nature, scale, magnitude and sensitivity of the proposed project’s potential impacts; and,

iii) determine consultation and disclosure requirements.

27. ADB assigns a proposed project to one of the following categories:

i) Category A. Proposed project is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented; impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. A full-scale environmental impact assessment (EIA) including an environmental management plan (EMP) is required.

ii) Category B. Proposed project’s potential environmental impacts are less adverse and fewer in number than those of category A projects; impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and impacts can be readily addressed through mitigation measures. An initial environmental examination (IEE), including an EMP, is required.

iii) Category C. Proposed project is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required although environmental implications need to be reviewed.

iv) Category FI. Proposed project involves the investment of ADB funds to, or

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through, a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all subprojects will result in insignificant impacts.

28. The project has been classified by ADB as environment category B, requiring the preparation of an IEE (this report).

29. The SPS 2009 requires a number of additional considerations, including: (i) project risk and respective mitigation measures and project assurances; (ii) project-level grievance redress mechanism; (iii) definition of the project area of influence; (iv) physical cultural resources damage prevention analysis; (v) climate change mitigation and adaptation; (vi) occupational and community health and safety requirements (including emergency preparedness and response); (vii) economic displacement that is not part of land acquisition; (viii) biodiversity conservation and natural resources management requirements; (ix) provision of sufficient justification if local standards are used; (x) assurance of adequate consultation and participation; (xi) assurance that the EMP includes an implementation schedule and measurable performance indicators; (xii) due diligence of Associated Facilities; and (xiii) environmental audit of Existing Facilities. These requirements, which may not be covered in the domestic EIAs, have been considered, and all applicable environmental requirements in the SPS 2009 are covered in this IEE.

G. Other Relevant Guidelines

30. During the design, construction, and operation of a project the ADB SPS requires the borrower to follow environmental standards consistent with good international practice as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (hereafter referred to as the EHS Guidelines).1 The EHS Guidelines contain discharge effluent, air emissions, and other numerical guidelines and performance indicators as well as prevention and control approaches that are normally acceptable to ADB and are generally considered to be achievable at reasonable costs by existing technology. When host country regulations differ from these levels and measures, the borrower/client is to achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the borrower/client is required to provide justification for any proposed alternatives.

31. The EHS Guidelines include General EHS Guidelines (2007, covering environment; occupational health and safety; and community health and safety) and Industry Sector Guidelines. Applicable sector guidelines utilized in the IEE include EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007).

1 World Bank Group, Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines, April 30, 2007, Washington, USA.

http://www.ifc.org/ifcext/enviro.nsf/Content/EnvironmentalGuidelines.

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III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. The Power Transmission Investment Program (PTIP)

32. The ADB is co-financing the Power Transmission Investment Program (PTIP) through Multi-Tranche Financing Facility (MFF) 0066-VIE, approved on 16 December 2011. The PTIP will enhance the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads in northern, central, and southern Viet Nam. It will i) expand the electricity transmission infrastructure by constructing and upgrading 500 kilovolt (kV) and 220 kV transmission lines (TLs) and associated substations (SSs); ii) improve the operational effectiveness and efficiency of the NPT; and iii) support the implementation of the investment program.

33. The MFF will provide the PTIP financing of $730 million through up to five tranches, with each tranche financing part of up to three components: Component 1 - Expanded Transmission Network (physical investment); Component 2 - Improved Operational Effectiveness and Efficiency (non-physical investment); and Component 3 - Project Implementation Support (non-physical investment). As of February 2016 a total of $404.4 million has been approved for the current 3 tranches meaning, absent loan cancellation, the balance available for future tranches is $325.60 million. In total five MFF tranches are planned. A summary of the 3 approved tranches is presented in Table 3.

Table 3: Approved PTIP MFF Tranches.

Tranche # Approved by ADB

Loan Effectiveness

Date

Original Loan Amount

($ million)

Cancelled Loan Amount

($ million)

Current Loan Amount

($ million) 1 29 Dec 2011 9 July 2012 120.50 15.99 104.51 2 5 Dec 2012 31 May 2013 110.19 41.61 68.58 3 18 Dec 2015 Pending 231.31 0 231.31

1 to 3 404.40 Source: Aide Memoire, MFF 0066-VIE: PTIP, Consultation Mission for Proposed Future Tranche(s) and Review Mission for Approved Tranches, 18 January-2 February 2016, Viet Nam.

B. PTIP Tranche 4 – The Project

34. This IEE is focusing on the four Component 1 subprojects (those with physical works) of the proposed Tranche 4 (the project) in southern Viet Nam (Figure 1):

SP1: 500 kilovolt (kV) Duc Hoa – Chon Thanh overhead TL through Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc provinces;

SP2: 500 kV Song Hau – Duc Hoa TL through Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An provinces;

SP3: 220 kV Chau Duc SS in Ba Rịa–Vung Tau province; and,

SP4: 220 kV Ben Luc SS in Long An province.

35. TL alignments and SS siting have been carefully selected to avoid or minimize impacts on settlements. Table 4 summarizes the project design parameters.

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Table 4: Project summary description.

No. Subproject Description Cost Mill $

EA / IA Routing / Location Site Description Land Acquisition /

Loss of Assets Associated Facilities /

Existing Facilities

SP1 500 kV Duc Hoa - Chon Thanh TL

New 103.8 km double circuit overhead TL

253 steel lattice transmission towers

79.7 NPT/ SPPMB

From Duc Hoa 500 kV SS to Chon Thanh 500 kV SS.

Traverses 25 communes of 8 districts of 4 provinces: Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc.

Route is primarily through agricultural land (rice paddy, crops and perennial rubber trees), and crosses several rivers and canals.

No nature reserves, parks, protected areas, historical or archeological sites affected.

112,585 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

313 houses / structures in the RoW will be permanently removed.

Associated Facilities: Not applicable Existing Facilities: Not applicable

SP2 500 kV Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL

New 134 km double circuit overhead TL

240 steel lattice transmission towers

118.7 NPT/ SPPMB

From Song Hau Power Complex to Duc Hoa 500 kV SS.

Traverses 38 communes in 14 districts of 5 provinces: Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An.

Route is primarily through agricultural land (rice paddy, crops and rubber trees).

TL crosses 2 main rivers and other smaller rivers, as well as national highways, provincial roads, some TLs.

No nature reserves, parks, protected areas, historical or archeological sites affected.

184,621 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

464 houses / structures in the RoW will be permanently removed.

Associated Facilities: Song Hau 1 TPP Supercritical coal-fired

1,200 MW (2 x 600 MW), Hau Giang Province

Developer: Petro Viet Nam

Existing Facilities: Not applicable

SP3 220 kV Chau Duc SS

New 220/110 kV transmission SS

New 2.8 km 220 kV TL connecting to the existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh TL

11.6 NPT/ SPPMB

SS is located within an existing rubber plantation managed by the Ba Ria Rubber Company, in, Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province.

SS and TL are in agricultural lands, primarily rubber plantations.

No nature reserves, parks, protected areas, historical or archeological sites affected.

47,360 m2 of land will be permanently acquired for the SS and connecting TL RoW.

There are no houses or other structures that need to be removed.

Associated Facilities: Feeder 110 kV TLs

from the SS to power demand centers

Existing Facilities: Connector portion of

existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh TL

SP4 220 kV Ben Luc SS

New 220 kV SS New 2.9 km TL

connecting to the existing 34 km Phu Lam – O Mon TL

14.5 NPT/ SPPMB

SS is located within a rice field at Village 6, Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province Mekong Delta.

SS and TL are in agricultural lands, primarily rice fields and orchards.

No nature reserves, parks, protected areas, historical or archeological sites are affected.

43,813 m² of land will be permanently acquired for the SS and TL RoW.

Four houses will be permanently removed.

Associated Facilities: Feeder 110 kV TLs

from the SS to power demand centers

Existing Facilities: Connector portion of

existing 220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon TL

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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C. Detailed Subproject Descriptions

1. SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

a) Description

36. SP1 – 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL will be a newly constructed 500 kV overhead TL connecting power sources in the Chon Thanh 500 kV SS vicinity with the southwest region via the 500 kV Chon Thanh SS. SP1 will ensure a reliable power supply for the 500 kV Chon Thanh, Cu Chi and Tay Ninh SSs, and strengthen the regional 500 kV grid by preventing overloads, especially in the case of incidents, while minimizing damage to electrical systems.

37. The Chon Thanh and Duc Hoa 500 kV SSs are being funded through PTIP tranche 3, and IEEs have been prepared for each and disclosed on the ADB website.

b) Location

38. The SP1 TL will start at the 500 kV Duc Hoa SS in Duc Hoa District, Long An Province, and will terminate at the 500 kV Chon Thanh SS in Chon Thanh District, Binh Phuoc Province. The TL will pass through 25 communes of eight districts of four provinces (Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc) (Figure 2 and Figure 3).

Figure 2: Location Map, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Source: Google Earth, Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

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Figure 3: Location Map, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL, showing location of angle towers.

Source: Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

c) Technical Features

39. SP1 will be a double circuit 500 kV overhead TL utilizing 4 x ACSR 330 conductors.2 It will have a length of 103.8 km, a right-of-way (RoW) of 34 m and a RoW area of 352.92 ha. Table 5, Table 6 and Table 7 summarize key SP1 technical features.

40. A total of 253 galvanized steel lattice transmission towers will be required. Tower height will determined by topography and the need for a safe distance between conductor sag and the ground. For a 500 kV TL the minimum distance to the ground is 16 m in residential areas and 12 m in non-residential areas. The highest towers will be located at water crossings which will be crossed in a single span. No towers will be erected in any river channel. Towers will be from 55 - 95 m tall (i.e., from ground level to the top of the tower), with foundation areas ranging from 237 - 1,164 m2, an average foundation area of 447 m2, and an average distance between towers of 400 m. Towers will be supported on four evenly spaced reinforced concrete foundations. Unexploded ordinance (UXO) clearance within the RoW will be undertaken by Military Command Committees of the various provinces which the TL passes through.

2 Aluminum conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR) conductors are high-capacity, high-strength stranded

conductors typically used in overhead power lines. The outer strands are high-purity aluminum, chosen for its excellent conductivity, low weight and low cost.

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Table 5: Summary of SP1 technical features.

Parameter Specification Starting point At the 500 kV busbar of Duc Hoa SS Ending point At the 500 kV busbar of Chon Thanh SS Length 103.8 km RoW width 34 m Grounding zone width 60 m Voltage 500 kV Number of circuits 2 Conductor 4 x ACSR 330 Earthwire PHLOX75.5 Fiber optical cable OPGW-70 Insulator Glass, ceramic or polymer Towers 253 galvanized steel towers Foundation Steel reinforced concrete cast in-situ Houses to be removed from RoW 313 houses Houses to be earthed 494 houses

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

Table 6: List SP1 towers. No. Code Quantity 1 Đ52-63 37 2 Đ52-67 41 3 Đ52-71 15 4 Đ52-81 94 5 Đ52-95 1 6 N521-59 14 7 N522-59A 3 8 N522-59B 6 9 N522-59C 4 10 N522-55D 2 11 N522-59D 1 12 N521-60DP 2 13 Đ5242-95 28 14 N5242-75 1 15 N5242-75B 1 16 N5242-75D 3 Total 253

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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Table 7: List of SP1 tower foundations. No Code Quantity Area (m2) 1 4T101 35-41 14 3,320.2 2 4T109 35-46 9 2,510.0 3 4T117 35-48 5 1,566.5 4 4T147 35-51 92 40,572.0 5 4T178 40-60 1 623.2 6 4T118 40-55 9 3,073.6 7 2x(4T120 40-48) 1 733.3 8 2x(4T120 40-52) 4 3,027.9 9 2x(4T120 40-55) 2 1,549.9

10 2x(4T107 40-60) 2 1,431.4 11 2x(4T120 40-60) 1 805.3 12 4T126 40-62 1 396.8 13 MB101 20-160x180 23 7,595.5 14 MB109 20-168x188 32 1,1520.0 15 MB117 20-176x196 10 3,910.4 16 MB118 20-228 5 2,880.0 17 2xMB120 20-180x210 2 852.5 18 2xMB120 20-185x210 2 1,036.2 19 2xMB120 20-190x220 2 1,866.5 20 MB126 20-196 1 429.3 21 4T165 40-62 28 15,967.1 22 2x(4T152 44-52) 1 1,078.8 23 2x(4T151 44-63) 1 1,099.6 24 2x(4T151 44-70) 3 3,491.3

Total 253 113,168.0 Source: SPPMB, 2016.

d) Land Acquisition / Loss of Assets

41. A total of 313 houses and structures in the RoW will be permanently removed, and 112,585 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

e) Construction Activities

42. The construction of the TL involves a number of activities that will occur simultaneously at several locations along the alignment to ensure that the TL is completed on schedule. Construction will be undertaken using both manual and machinery supported methods, and will include:

RoW demarcation and selective tree and bush clearing. Compensation and assistance for site clearance. Preparation of contractor’s facilities. Construction of temporary access to the tower bases. Transport of materials to site. Excavation of tower bases. Pile driving, construction of reinforced concrete tower foundations, and backfilling

(using spoil for foundation excavations) and compaction. Erection of towers. Tubular steel towers will be transported to the sites and erected

by crane; lattice steel towers will be assembled vertically. Bolts will be tightened and checked in accordance with relevant regulations, and bolt threads at the tower bottoms will be destroyed to prevent theft.

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Figure 4: Profile diagram of suspension and tension rowers.

Suspension Tower

Tension/Angle Tower

Two kinds of steel lattice towers will be used. Suspension towers are used to hold the conductors above the ground, while tension and angle towers serve as anchors when the TL alignment changes direction, and maintain the tautness of conductor between towers. For 220 kV TLs, Decree 14/2014/NP-CP mandates that:

- The RoW is 11 m either side of the TL centerline (22 m total). - The lowest point (sag) of the conductor between two towers should not be less than 9 m from the

ground in open areas and not less than 18 m from the ground over residential areas and industrial parks.

- The safety clearance between the conductor and a structure or treetop should not be less than 4 m. - For structures within the allowable safety clearance, they may remain within the RoW if (i) the roof

and wall are made of fire-proof materials; (ii) metal structures are grounded according to prescribed earthing techniques; and (iii) the house does not obstruct paths for examination, maintenance or replacement of parts of the TL. The project will be responsible for upgrading existing structures such that they are in compliance.

- Within the safety clearance restrictions, crops can still be grown. However, because each steel lattice tower uses its foundations as grounding mechanism, no agricultural activity is allowed within 0.5 m of the tower foundations.

For 500 kV TLs, Decree 14/2014/NP-CP mandates that:

- The RoW is 17 m either side of the TL centerline (34 m total). - The sag of the TL over rice fields and farmlands should not be less than 12 m, while the sag close

to rural residential areas and industrial parks should not be less than 16 m. - Within the safety clearance restrictions, crops can still be grown. However, because each steel

lattice tower uses its foundations as grounding mechanism, no agricultural activity is allowed within 0.5 m of the tower foundations.

- Objects are not permitted within the RoWs where the safety clearance is less than 6 m. - No houses or structures are permitted within the RoW. Source: Decree 14/2014/NP-CP.

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Fitting tower equipment including insulators and accessories and lightning conductors.

Pulling of conductors by hand pulley in combination with tractors, tensioning with winches and attaching to the insulators. For TL sections crossing over roads, other power lines, communication lines, or buildings and houses, scaffolds will be used to support the conductors and avoid property damage and minimize traffic disruptions.

Testing and energizing.

f) Budget and Time Schedule

43. The subproject base cost is estimated at 79.7 million USD (Table 11). The detailed design and construction period for the subproject will be approximately 36 months, commencing in 2017. The subproject expected lifetime is 50 years.

2. SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

a) Description

44. SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL will be a newly constructed 500 kV overhead TL designed to i) connecting the capacity of the Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plants (TPP) to the national power grid; ii) transmit the capacity of power plants in the Southwestern Viet Nam to the Ho Chi Minh city area load center (in conjunction with other TLs lines such as the Duc Hoa - Phu Lam 500 kV TL, the Duc Hoa - Cau Bong TL, and the Duc Hoa - My Phuoc TL); and iii) stabilize the operation and reliability of the regional power system.

45. The Duc Hoa 500 kV SS is being funded through PTIP tranche 3, and an IEE has been prepared for it and disclosed on the ADB website. The Song Hau TPP is discussed under Associated Facilities, below (Section III.G).

b) Location

46. The SP2 TL will start at the busbar of the 500 kV switchyard of the Song Hau Power Complex (located at Mai Dam Commune, Chau Thanh District, Hau Giang Province), and will terminate at the proposed 500 kV Duc Hoa SS in Binh Loi Hamlet, Hoa Khanh Dong Commune, Duc Hoa District, Long An Province. The TL will pass through 38 communes in 14 districts of Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An provinces (Figure 5 and Figure 6).

c) Technical Features

47. SP2 will be a double circuit 500 kV overhead TL utilizing 4 x ACSR 600 conductors. It will have a length of 133.47 km and a right-of-way (RoW) width of 34 m, giving a total RoW area of 453.92 ha. A total of 291 galvanized steel transmission towers will be required, consisting of 51 angle tension towers and 240 suspension towers with an average distance between towers of 350 to 450 m. UXO clearance within the RoW will be undertaken by Military Command Committees of the various provinces which the TL passes through.

48. As with SP1, tower height will be determined by topography and the need for a safe distance between conductor sag and the ground. The highest towers will be located at water crossings which will be crossed in a single span. No towers will be erected in any river channel. Suspension towers will be from 59 - 108 m tall (i.e., from ground level to the top of the tower), with a foundation area of 489.1 - 836.5 m2, with the exception of the 4 suspension towers crossing Hau River and Tien River which will have a height of 165 –

19

199 m, and a foundation area of 1,761.8 - 2,822.7 m2. Angle tension towers will be 55 - 60 m tall, with a foundation area of 383.4 - 1,783.1 m2. Towers will be supported on four evenly spaced reinforced concrete foundations. Table 8 summarizes key SP2 technical features.

Figure 5: Location Map, SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL.

Source: Google Earth, Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

d) Land Acquisition / Loss of Assets

49. A total of 513 houses and structures in the RoW will be permanently removed, and 184,620.7 m² of land will be permanently acquired for tower foundations.

e) Construction Activities

50. The construction of the SP2 TL involves similar activities as described above for SP1.

f) Budget and Time Schedule

51. The total subproject base cost is estimated at 110.9 million USD (Table 11).

52. The detailed design and construction period for the subproject will be approximately 36 months, commencing in 2017. The subproject expected lifetime is 50 years.

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Figure 6: Location map, SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL, showing location of angle towers.

Source: Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

Table 8: Summary of SP2 technical specifications.

Parameter Specifications Length 133.47 km

- Starting point 500 kV switchyard of Song Hau Power Complex - Ending point 500 kV Duc Hoa SS

RoW width 34 m Grounding zone width 60 m from edge of the RoW Voltage 500 kV Number of circuits 2 Conductor 4 x ACSR 600 Earthwire PHLOX147&PGW150 Number of Suspension Towers 240

- Height 59 - 108 m (165-199 m for Hau River crossing towers)

- Foundation area 489.1 - 836.5 m2 (1,761.8 – 2,822.7 m2 for Hau River crossing towers)

Number of Tension Towers 51 - Height 55-60 m - Foundation area 383.4 - 1783.1 m2

Houses to be removed from RoW 464 Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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3. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

a) Description

53. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS will be a newly constructed 220/110 kV SS, designed to i) provide power to industrial zones and other load areas3 of the rapidly growing Ba Ria-Vung Tau province; ii) reduce demands on the Ba Ria TPP, which has high production costs; and iii) improve the reliability of the 220 kV and 110 kV regional power systems. In addition to the SS, SP3 includes a new 2.8 km 220 kV TL connecting to and sourcing power from the existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh double circuit TL.

b) Location

54. The SS will be located within an existing rubber plantation managed by the Ba Ria Rubber Company, in, Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province (Figure 7).

Figure 7: Location Map, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

Source: Google Earth, Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

c) Technical Features

55. The Chau Duc SS will utilize 220 and 110 kV voltage, and will have a design capacity of 750 MVA, though initially one 250 MVA transformer will be installed and two of the

3 Including Chau Duc, Ngai Giao, Xuyen Moc, Long Dat, and Dat Do industrial cluster areas.

22

same capacity will be installed in the future. Main bays and feeder TLs will include:

- 2 x 110 kV feeder TLs to Chau Duc 1 Industrial Zone SS. - 2 x 110 kV feeder TLs to Dat Do 1 Industrial Zone SS. - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Ba Ria Industrial Zone SS. - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Nga Giao Industrial Zone SS

56. The final alignment of the feeder TLs is not yet known, though they will be relatively short, with the longest straight line distance to be covered being less than 13 km.

57. The total SS area is 44,500 m2. The layout of the SS is presented in Figure 8.

58. A 2.8 km 220 kV TL will connect to and source power from the existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh double circuit TL. The 220 kV connecting TL will have four circuits, though only two will be installed in the first phase. The TL RoW will be 22 m (11 m either side of the TL centerline) and the total RoW area is 69,600 m2. The TL will consist of 9 galvanized steel lattice towers, with foundations ranging from 216 to 615 m2, and a total foundation area of 3,130 m2. The TL does not cross any rivers or water bodies. UXO clearance within the RoW will be undertaken by the Military Command Committee of Ba Ria-Vung Tau province.

59. Table 9 summarizes key SP3 technical features.

Figure 8: General layout, SP 3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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Table 9: Summary of SP3 technical specifications.

Parameter Specifications Substation

Voltage 220/110 kV Capacity 3 x 250 MVA (initially 1 x 250 MVA) Fenced Area 44,500 m2

Connecting Transmission Line Voltage level 220 kV Number of circuits 04 (initially 02)

Start point A newly built connection tower between existing towers No. 274 and No. 275, 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh double circuit TL

End Point 220 kV busbar of Chau Duc 220 kV SS Length 2.84 km Conductor 2 x ACSR-400/51 Lightning wire TK-70/Mz Optical cable OPGW-90, 12 wires - PHLOX147 Insulator Polymer 70kN, 120kN Tower Galvanized steel lattice tower Foundation Reinforced concrete cast in-situ Earthing Wire and rod

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

d) Land Acquisition / Loss of Assets

60. Construction of the SP3 SS will require the permanent acquisition of 47,360 m2 for the SS and TL RoW. There are no houses or other structures that need to be removed.

e) Construction Activities

61. The construction of the connecting TL involves similar activities as described above for SP1. SS construction will include construction of a 120 m long and 12 m wide permanent access road connecting the SS to the Binh Ba-Da Ba highway; site clearing and preparation of site and storage area; transportation of equipment and materials; excavation and foundation construction; construction of the operations house and other buildings, transformer banks, gate tower, electric box, cable trench, and oil containment system; installation and commissioning of equipment; and, site restoration.

f) Budget and Time Schedule

62. The total subproject base cost is estimated at 11.6 million USD (Table 11). The detailed design and construction period for the subproject will be approximately 24 months, commencing in 2017.

4. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

a) Description

63. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS will be a newly constructed 220 kV SS, designed to i) contribute to the socio-economic development of Ben Luc district by meet the power needs of one of the largest load centers in Long An province; ii) supply part of the power needs of the Ho Chi Minh city area; and iii) reduce the load on the 220 kV Long An and 500 kV Phu Lam SSs. The SS will initially have a capacity of 250 MVA in the first phase,

24

but in a future phase will be expanded to 500 MVA. In addition to the SS, SP4 includes a new 2.9 km 220 kV TL connecting to and sourcing power from the existing 500/220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon double circuit TL (Phu Lam – Long An section).

b) Location

64. The SS will be located in a rice field about 100 m from Provincial Road 832, Village 6, Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province. The location of the subproject was approved by the Long An Provincial People’s Committee in Document No. 4012/UBND-KT on 17/11/2014. The connecting TL runs to the northwest through paddy-fields and small orchards in Thanh Duc and Nhut Chanh communes to connect to the existing Phu Lam – O Mon 220 kV TL (Figure 9).

Figure 9: Location Map, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

Source: Google Earth, Google Maps and SPPMB, 2016.

c) Technical Features

65. The SS voltage will be high voltage: 220 kV; medium voltage: 110 kV; and low voltage: 35 kV and 22 kV.

66. Design capacity will be 500 MVA, though initially one 250 MVA transformer will be installed, and a second of the same capacity will be installed in the future. The main bays and feeders are summarized below.

220 kV: - Two 220 kV feeders to Phu Lam 220 kV SS installed in this phase, and spare

location for another in the future.

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- Two 220 kV feeders to Long An 220 kV SS installed in this phase, and spare location for another in the future.

- Four spare 220 kV feeders for future use. - Two 220 kV bays of 250 MVA transformer, one installed in this phase, and a spare

location for another in the future. - One bus coupler.

110 kV

- One 110 kV feeder to Long An 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Long An 2 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Tan Tuc 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Chinh Luh 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Ben Luc 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to An Thanh 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Phu An Thanh 110 kV SS. - One 110 kV feeder to Formosa Industrial Zone 110 kV SS. - One bus coupler. - Two 110 kV bays for transformer of 220/110/22 kV-250 MVA; one installed in this

phase, and a spare location for another in the future. - Six spare 110 kV feeders for future use.

22 kV

- 24 kV-630A disconnector. - 24 kV-630A circuit. - Current transformer. - Out-door voltage transformer.

67. The final alignment of the feeder TLs is not yet known, though they will be relatively short, with the longest straight line distance to be covered being less than 12.5 km.

68. The total SS area is 39,486 m2, including 32,900 m2 for the SS and guest-house; 3,636 m2 of access road and 2,950 m2 for restoring an irrigation canal surrounding the SS site. The layout of the SS is presented in Figure 10.

69. Overflows from the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay rivers makes the area susceptible to floods resulting from sea level rise due to climate change, and the SS will utilize a raised foundation as an adaptation measure.

70. A 2.9 km 220 kV TL will connect to and source power from the existing 500/220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon double circuit TL (Phu Lam – Long An section). The TL will pass through two communes; 360 m will be in Thanh Duc commune, and 2,549 m in Nhut Chanh commune. The 220 kV connecting TL will have four circuits, though only two will be installed in the first phase. The TL RoW will be 22 m (11 m either side of the TL centerline) and the total RoW area is 63,998 m2. The TL will consist of 13 galvanized steel lattice towers, including 5 suspension towers and 8 tension towers with an average estimated distance between towers of 224 m. Tower heights will range from 30.5 to 70.5 m, depending on the local topography and the need for safe conductor sag. Tower foundation areas will range from 135 to 523 m2. The TL does not cross any rivers or water bodies. UXO clearance within the RoW will be undertaken by the Military Command Committee of Long An province.

71. Table 10 summarizes the SP3 technical specifications.

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Figure 10: General layout, 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

27

Table 10: Summary of SP4 technical specifications.

Parameter Specifications Substation

Voltage 220/110/35/22 kV Capacity 2 x 250 MVA (initially 1 x 250 MVA) Construction Area (including access

road) 39,486 m2

Connecting Transmission Line Voltage level 220 kV Number of circuits 04 (initially 02)

Start point A newly built connection tower between existing towers No. 54 and No. 55, Phu Lam – Long An section of the Phu Lam – O Mon 500 kV TL.

End Point 220 kV busbar of Ben Luc 220 kV SS Length 2.9 km Conductor 2 x ACSR-400/51 Lightning wire TK-70/Mz

Optical cable OPGW 120 (24 optical wires, standard of ITU-T G.655).

Insulator Composite, 25 mm/kV. Tower Galvanized steel lattice tower Foundation Reinforced concrete cast in-situ Earthing Wire and rod

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

d) Land Acquisition / Loss of Assets

72. SP4 will affect 103,484 m² of land, of which 59,671 m² in the RoW will have restricted use, 43,813 m² will be permanently acquired for the construction of tower foundations, the SS, access roads and gully recovery. The affected land within the RoW includes 58,210 m2 of rice crop, 144 fruit trees, and 1,927 m2 of fishpond. A total 6 structures including 4 houses and 2 animal shelters will be affected due to their location under the RoW and will be permanently relocated.

e) Construction Activities

73. The construction of the connecting TL involves similar activities as described above for SP1. SS construction will include construction of a 300 m long and 12 m wide permanent access road connecting the SS to the Provincial Road 832; site clearing and preparation of site and storage area; transportation of equipment and materials; excavation and foundation construction; construction of the operations house and other buildings, transformer banks, gate tower, electric box, cable trench, and oil containment system; installation and commissioning of equipment; and, site restoration.

f) Budget and Time Schedule

74. The total subproject base cost is estimated at 14.5 million USD (Table 11). The detailed design and construction period for the subproject will be approximately 24 months, commencing in 2017.

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D. Workers and Worker Camps

75. It is expected that the TL subprojects (SP1 and SP2) will each require a total of about 415 workers, including 350 directly involved in construction, 40 indirectly involved in construction, and 25 involved in construction management. The workers will be organized into teams and will not all be required simultaneously. It is expected that the maximum number of workers required at any one time will be 160 persons/day, or 15 persons/day at specific tower foundations. Approximately 160 workers will be required for each SS subproject (SP3 and SP4). Roughly 40% of workers will be trained and certified electricians.

76. Workers will be housed in locally rented houses for the SS subprojects and wherever possible for the TL subprojects, though worker camps may be required for some remoter sections.

77. Local workers will be utilized to the extent possible, though skilled workers such as certified electricians may need to be recruited from elsewhere.

E. Implementation Arrangements

78. The NPT will be the project Executing Agency (EA) and the Southern Power Project Management Board (SPPMB) will be the Implementing Agency (IA). The SPPMB will form a Project Management Office (PMO) including an Environment and Social Unit (ESU) suitably staffed with qualified environmental and social safeguards specialists. Once construction is complete responsibility for project operation will be handed over to Power Transmission Company No. 4 (PTC4), a subsidiary of NPT.

79. Support for project management including consulting services and training will be provided to the EA and IA to assist them in technical design, supervising project implementation, and environmental management, monitoring and reporting.

F. Budget, Financing Plan and Time Schedule

80. The total project cost is estimated at $267.26 million (Table 11). The financing plan is presented in Table 12.

81. The detailed design and construction period for the project will be approximately 36 months, commencing in 2017. The project expected lifetime is 50 years.

G. Associated Facilities

82. Associated Facilities are facilities that are not funded as part of a project but whose viability and existence depend exclusively on the project, and whose goods or services are essential for successful operation of the project.4 Examples of Associated Facilities are a TL constructed by government for the sole purpose of connecting an ADB-supported hydropower project to the existing electricity grid, and a gas pipeline installed by the gas supplier to supply an ADB-supported thermal power plant.

83. Project Associated Facilities were identified during an ADB consultation mission in early 2016, and are summarized in Table 13. They include a coal fired thermal power plant, and a number of 110 kV feeder TLs.

4 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (Jun 2009) <http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-

document/32056/safeguard-policy-statement-june2009.pdf>

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Table 11: Detailed project costs.

Cost Categories VND billion $ Million

Foreign Local Total Foreign Local Total A. Investment Costs

1. 500 kV Duc Hoa - Chon Thanh TL

1.1 Land Compensation & Resettlement 0.0 308.2 308.2

0.00 13.12 13.12

1.2 Civil Works & Installation 0.0 583.4 583.4

0.00 24.21 24.21

1.3 Equipment Supply 142.3 560.6 702.9

5.95 23.45 29.40

1.4 Consultant Services 0.0 79.5 79.5

0.00 3.30 3.30

1.5 Other 0.0 80.1 80.1

0.00 3.32 3.32

1.6 Taxes and Duties 22.1 130.4 152.4

0.9 5.43 6.35

Subtotal 164.4 1,742.1 1,906.5

6.88 72.83 79.70

2. Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL

2.1 Land Compensation & Resettlement 0.0 270.9 270.9

0.00 11.53 11.53

2.2 Civil Works & Installation 0.0 1,164.9 1,164.9

0.00 48.33 48.33

2.3 Equipment Supply 162.1 799.6 961.7

6.79 33.50 40.29

2.4 Consultant Services 0.0 93.4 93.4

0.00 3.88 3.88

2.5 Other 0.0 111.4 111.4

0.00 4.62 4.62

2.6 Taxes and Duties 25.1 216.9 242.1

1.1 9.03 10.09

Subtotal 187.2 2,657.2 2,844.4

7.84 110.90 118.74

3. 220 kV Chau Duc SS

3.1 Land Compensation & Resettlement 0.0 25.1 25.1

0.00 1.07 1.07

3.2 Civil Works & Installation 0.0 98.7 98.7

0.00 4.09 4.09

3.3 Equipment Supply 67.6 38.0 105.5

2.75 1.55 4.30

3.4 Consultant Services 0.0 16.4 16.4

0.00 0.69 0.69

3.5 Other 0.0 9.4 9.4

0.00 0.39 0.39

3.6 Taxes and Duties 10.5 16.2 26.7

0.4 0.67 1.10

Subtotal 78.1 203.7 281.7

3.18 8.45 11.63

4. Ben Luc SS

4.1 Land Compensation & Resettlement 0.0 40.7 40.7

0.00 1.73 1.73

4.2 Civil Works & Installation 0.0 131.2 131.2

0.00 5.44 5.44

4.3 Equipment Supply 68.4 52.6 121.0

2.78 2.14 4.93

4.4 Consultant Services 0.0 19.6 19.6

0.00 0.82 0.82

4.5 Other 0.0 7.6 7.6

0.00 0.32 0.32

4.6 Taxes and Duties 10.6 21.1 31.7

0.4 0.87 1.30

Subtotal 79.0 272.7 351.7

3.22 11.32 14.54

Subtotal (A) 508.6 4,886.6 5,395.3

21.1 204.0 225.1

B. Contingencies

1. Physicalb 12.0 180.2 192.1

0.50 7.52 8.02

2. Pricec 60.0 537.3 597.3

2.47 22.28 24.75

Subtotal (B) 71.9 717.5 789.4

2.97 29.80 32.77

C. Financial Charges During Implementation

1. Interest During Construction 131.5 81.0 212.5

5.33 3.28 8.62

2. Commitment Fee 18.2 0.0 18.2

0.76 0.00 0.76

Subtotal (C) 149.8 81.0 230.7

6.10 3.28 9.38

Total (A+B+C) 730.3 5,685.1 6,415.4

30.18 237.08 267.26 Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

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Table 12: Project financing plan.

Source Amount (USD million) Share of Total (%)

ADB Loan $158.83 59.4 NPT $108.43 40.6 Total $267.26 100.0

Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

Table 13: Project Associated Facilities.

Subproject Associated Facilities

SP1 500 kV Duc Hoa - Chon Thanh TL No Associated Facilities

SP2 500 kV Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant

SP3 220 kV Chau Duc SS

Feeder 110 kV TLs from the SS to power demand centers:

- 2 x 110 KV feeder TLs to Chau Duc 1 Industrial Zone SS - 2 x 110 KV feeder TLs to Dat Do 1 Industrial Zone SS - 1 x 110 KV feeder TL to Ba Ria Industrial Zone SS - 2 x 110 KV feeder TL to Nga Giao Industrial Zone SS

SP4 220 kV Ben Luc SS

Feeder 110 kV TLs from the SS to power demand centers:

- 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Long An 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Long An 2 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Tan Tuc 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Chinh Luh 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Ben Luc 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to An Thanh 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Phu An Thanh 110 kV SS - 1 x 110 kV feeder TL to Formosa Industrial Zone 110 kV SS

84. Associated Facilities are included in the project’s environmental assessment. However, though the impacts and mitigation measures from the development of Associated Facilities do not have to be analyzed in detail in an EIA/IEE of a project financed by ADB, basic information about the main design features, their location, the significance of potential impacts, the required approval process, and institutional arrangements should be described in the EIA/IEE. ADB reviews these facilities as part of its due diligence to determine if the associated level of impacts and risks to the environment and people is acceptable, recognizing that the borrower/client should address these impacts and risks in a manner that is commensurate to the borrower/client’s control and influence over the Associated Facilities.

85. In addition, the depth of the due diligence review of the feeder TLs is lower from that for a thermal power plant, as the environmental risk is not as high. Very basic information about the main design features, their location, the significance of potential impacts (whether they are located in environmental sensitive areas or not), the required approval process, and institutional arrangements is sufficient.

86. Due diligence reviews of the Associated Facilities for SP2, SP3 and SP4 are presented in Appendices III and IV, and are summarized below.

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Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant (Associated Facility of SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL) – Appendix III

- PetroVietnam (PVN) is constructing the Song Hau Thermal Power Plant 1 (SH1 TPP), a 1,200 MW coal-fired power plant consisting of 2 x 600 MW power generating units using conventional technology (Figure 11). The project will include infrastructure such as power substations, a coal storage yard and other auxiliary items. Construction started in June 2015 and the TPP is expected to be fully operational by October 2019.

- The due diligence review is based on an independent Environmental and Social Due Diligence Review (ESDDR) of the SH1 TPP approved EIA and current project design, commissioned by PVN and the project financiers5, supported by site visits undertaken by ADB and NPT environmental, social and technical experts.

- The ESDDR assessed compliance of the EIA and detailed design with respect to the Equator Principles, International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Standards (PSs) and Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines, and local Vietnamese social and environmental regulations applicable to the Project (together referred to as “the Applicable Standards”).

- The ESDDR found that gaps exist between the project’s social and environmental assessment and current management of the project; however the SH1 TPP can reach operational compliance with the Applicable Standards if the most significant gaps are addressed. The ESDDR includes an Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP) for achieving compliance.

- PVN has committed in writing to implement the ESAP, and has taken action to implement a number of the ESAP recommendations. Given that the requirements of the ESAP are in compliance with the ADB SPS, it is concluded that effective implementation of the ESAP should ensure that the SH1 TPP, as an Associated Facility of the SP2 – 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL, addresses environmental risks appropriately.

- According to a pre-financial signing “document review report” prepared for the financiers by Golder Associates (UK) Ltd in September 2016, all actions in the ESAP required prior to financial signing have been met. It is recommended that NPT continue to monitor ESAP implementation. To support this recommendation, it has been agreed that NPT and SPPMB will regularly (at least semi-annually) communicate with PVN and obtain the monitoring reports to be prepared by Golder Associates (UK) Ltd to monitor the implementation of the mitigation measures proposed in the EIA and the ESAP. NPT and SPPMB will provide the monitoring result (the compliance of the environmental standards and the status of the implementation of the EIA mitigation measures and the ESAP) to ADB through the TR4 environmental monitoring reports.

- It is further recommended that if the monitoring identifies any deficiencies in the environmental safeguards requirement, NPT and SPPMB should take action as required and commensurate with their control and influence over the SH1 TPP, to address the deficiencies.

5 Environmental and Social Due Diligence Audit, Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant, Final Report. Citibank N.A.

and PetroVietnam, 21 January 2016.

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Figure 11: Song Hau Power Complex, Chau Thanh District, Hau Giang Province.

Source: Environmental and Social Due Diligence Audit, Song Hau 1 Thermal Power Plant, Final Report. Citibank N.A. and PetroVietnam, 21 January 2016.

110 kV Feeder TLs (Associated Facility of SP3 – Chau Duc SS and SP4 – Ben Luc SS)

- The due diligence review of the Associated Facilities for SP3 and SP4 was undertaken jointly by PECC3 and other environmental specialists. The review indicates that for both SP3 and SP4:

- the purpose of the subproject feeder TLs is to deliver 110 kV to power

demand centers;

- all TLs utilize well proven galvanized steel lattice towers;

- the TL routings do not pass through environmentally sensitive areas or population centers, and are not expected to result in significant negative environmental or social impacts;

- the feeder TL developers will be responsible for preparing an EIA for each TL in compliance with GoV requirements.

- It is concluded that the Associated Facilities for SP3 and SP4 will be in compliance

with relevant GoV requirements and environmental risk will be appropriately addressed.

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Figure 12: SSs to which SP3 – Chau Duc SS will connect. The feeder TLs, which are Associated Facilities of SP3, have not yet been constructed.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

Figure 13: SSs to which SP4 – Ben Luc SS will connect. The feeder TLs, which are Associated Facilities of SP4, have not yet been constructed.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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H. Existing Facilities

87. If a project involves an Existing Facility the ADB SPS requires an environmental audit of the facility.

88. Project Associated Facilities were identified during an ADB consultation mission in early 2016, and are summarized in Table 14. They consist of connection portion of existing 220 kV grid TLs that will energize the Chau Duc and Ben Luc SSs (e.g. the area where the subproject connecting 220 kV TLs connect to the grid, spanning a length of two towers on the existing 220 kV TLs).

Table 14: Project Existing Facilities.

Subproject Existing Facilities

SP1 500 kV Duc Hoa - Chon Thanh TL No Existing Facilities

SP2 500 kV Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL No Existing Facilities

SP3 220 kV Chau Duc SS Connection portion (towers No. 274-275) of existing 220 kV Phan Thiet – Tan Thanh TL

SP4 220 kV Ben Luc SS Connection portion (towers No. 54-55) of existing 220 kV Phu Lam – O Mon TL (Phu Lam – Long An section)

89. An environmental audit of the Existing Facilities for SP3 and SP4 are presented in Appendix V. The audit was undertaken based on consultations with the PECC environmental specialist and site visits. The audit indicates that for the Existing Facilities for both SP3 and SP4:

- EIAs were prepared and approved for the 220 kV TLs, including the connection portion of these lines, in compliance with GoV requirements. The connection areas were also covered under this IEE, and no environmental or social concerns were identified with respect to that area in either report.

- The TLs have been constructed using a proven galvanized steel lattice tower design.

- The connection portions of the 220 kV TLs are situated in predominately agricultural areas. Connecting the SSs to these TLs is not expected to result in any significant environmental or social problems.

- No corrective actions are required.

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IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Country and Project Area Overview

90. Viet Nam is located on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia, and is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the Philippines and Malaysia across the South China Sea to the south and southeast. It has an area of 331,210 km2, a coastline of 3,444 km (excluding islands), a population of 92.5 million, and a population density of 279 person/km2. Its capital city has been Ha Noi since the reunification of North and South Viet Nam in 1975. About a third of the population lives in urban centers.

91. Viet Nam has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Agriculture's share of economic output has shrunk from about 25% in 2000 to 18% in 2014, while industry's share increased from 36% to 38% in the same period. GDP was $186.2 billion in 2014, with state-owned enterprises accounting for about 40% of GDP.

92. The project is situated in a total of 9 provinces in southern Viet Nam, one of the fastest growing regions in the country. Topography in the project area is relatively flat (Figure 14). The subproject area is situated in the Southern Climate Zone which is typified by a tropical monsoon climate characterized by high temperatures with relatively little seasonal variation.

Figure 14: Topography in project area, southern Viet Nam.

Source: SPPMB 2016, and Google Earth 2016.

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B. Physical Resources

1. Geography and Landuse

93. The four subprojects are all located in, or traverse, predominantly rural agricultural areas, with cropping focused on annual and perennial crops including rice, fruit and rubber.

94. The SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL has a total length of 103.8 km, traversing 25 communes in 8 districts of 4 provinces: Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc. The TL primarily traverses through an agricultural area, including rice fields and perennial crops (Table 15 and Figure 15).

Table 15: Landuse within the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL RoW.

Province District/ Commune

Area (m2) of Affected Lands in TL RoW Total Area

(m2) Annual crops land

Perennial crops land

Residential land

Long An

Duc Hoa Hoa Khanh Đong 12,553 12,553 Hoa Khanh Nam 147,812 352 148,164 Hoa Khanh Tay 115,798 1,137 116,934 Tan Phu 120,149 7,230 127,379 Hiep Hoa 109,397 60 109,457 An Ninh Tay 195,248 195,248 Duc Hue My Thanh Bac 63,350 231 63,581 My Quy Dong 27,350 1,245 28,594

Tay Ninh

Trang Bang Phuoc Chi 218,930 2,362 221,292 An Hoa 191,128 920 192,048 Gia Binh 110,455 1,275 111,730 Gia Loc 34,729 2,031 36,760 Loc Hưng 211,800 308 212,108 Hung Thuan 49,797 77,047 771 127,615 Don Thuan 14,953 22,579 610 38,142 Go Dau Thanh Phuoc 1,210 4,523 5,733

Binh Duong

Dau Tieng Thanh An 288,570 3,520 292,090 An Lap 115,208 115,208 Long Tan 218,974 2,404 221,378 Long Hoa 95,174 95,174 Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 145,520 319 145,839 Tru Van Tho 291,788 5,998 297,786 Phu Giao Tan Long 62,645 62,645 An Long 207,652 523 208,175

Binh Phuoc Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 65,146 231 65,377

Total 1,624,659 1,590,303 36,048 3,251,010

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Figure 15: Site features, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Site location, rice fields, 500 kV Duc Hoa SS

Site location, rubber plantation, 500 kV Chon

Thanh SS

TL crossing of 752 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh

Duong Province

TL crossing of 22 road, Trang Bang District, Tay

Ninh Province Source: PPTA consultants and PECC3.

95. The SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL has a total length of 133.47 km, traversing 38 communes in 14 districts of 5 provinces: Hau Giang, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, Tien Giang and Long An. The alignment primarily crosses through agricultural areas, and traverses three rivers (Table 16 and Figure 16).

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Table 16: Landuse within the SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL RoW.

Province/District/ Commune Affected Land in TL RoW by Use (m2)

Rice Fields

Annual Crops

Fruit Tree Plantations

Industrial Plantations

Residential Land

Public Land Total

HAU GIANG PROVINCE - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485 Chau Thanh District - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485

Mai Dam - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485 VINH LONG PROVINCE 496,853 5,406 186,093 3,162 6,887 51,866 750,266

Tra On District - 3,808 53,331 - 1,002 25,076 83,217 Phu Thanh - 3,808 53,331 - 1,002 25,076 83,217

Binh Minh District 117,713 - 43,798 850 3,011 19,226 184,597 My Hoa - - 14,823 - 385 17,295 32,503 Đông Thành 20,645 - 12,231 - 761 837 34,474 Đông Thạnh 97,068 - 16,744 850 1,865 1,094 117,620

Tam Binh District 248,774 1,598 70,700 204 1,501 5,265 328,042 Ngai Tu 50,889 - 41,683 - - 374 92,946 Tan Phu 100,455 - 20,994 - 1,501 2,409 125,359 Phu Thinh 97,430 1,598 8,024 204 - 2,482 109,738

Binh Tan District 130,366 - 18,264 2,108 1,373 2,299 154,410 My Thuan 35,902 - 12,110 - 1,373 803 50,188 Nguyen Van Thanh 94,464 - 6,154 2,108 - 1,496 104,222

DONG THAP PROVINCE 225,932 1,428 223,608 2,802 13,030 54,411 521,210 Chau Thanh District 225,932 1,428 223,608 2,802 13,030 54,411 521,210

An Khanh 170,560 1,428 62,785 1,020 3,139 11,697 250,630 Tan Nhuan Dong 30,650 - 8,924 - 434 1,885 41,893 Phu Huu 24,721 - 16,187 - 407 2,000 43,316 An Nhon - - 135,711 1,782 9,050 38,829 185,372

TIEN GIANG PROVINCE 777,925 44,679 362,105 72,601 25,118 109,591 1,392,018 Cai Be District 394,850 - 336,780 7,548 19,010 63,544 821,732

An Huu - - 26,806 - 2,157 22,833 51,796 Tan Thanh - - 45,442 - 2,702 3,258 51,402 An Thai Trung - - 91,279 - 4,011 4,523 99,813 My Loi A 17,423 - 70,627 2,230 2,503 4,885 97,668 My Duc Tay 37,216 - 32,686 520 1,409 3,450 75,281 My Tan 64,509 - 36,671 1,061 1,196 4,536 107,973 My Duc Dong 21,611 - 3,346 207 779 2,648 28,592 Thien Trung 75,194 - 11,999 2,462 813 8,194 98,660 Hau My Trinh 178,897 - 17,926 1,068 3,440 9,216 210,546

Cai Lay District 249,514 1,942 25,325 13,340 5,344 27,247 322,712 My Thanh Bac 91,438 633 15,827 3,771 1,755 7,875 121,298 Thanh Loc 70,433 - 5,683 510 1,293 8,959 86,878 Phu Cuong 87,644 1,309 3,815 9,060 2,296 10,412 114,535

Tan Phuoc District 133,561 42,737 - 51,713 764 18,801 247,575 Thanh Hoa 133,561 9,119 - 48,112 451 13,227 204,469 Thanh Tan - 33,618 - 3,601 313 5,574 43,106

LONG AN PROVINCE 823,766 115,248 190,444 350,491 7,957 123,816 1,611,723 Tan Thanh District 46,476 7,882 - 21,435 536 4,143 80,472

Tan Hoa 46,476 7,882 - 21,435 536 4,143 80,472 Thanh Hoa District 215,464 72,080 - 220,359 2,914 13,078 523,894

Thanh An 59,072 15,725 - 137,204 992 12,791 225,783 Thuy Dong 114,251 36,364 - 78,459 1,106 287 230,467 Tan Tay 42,141 19,992 - 4,695 816 - 67,644

Thu Thua District 254,598 - 2,785 44,805 1,776 55,985 359,948 Long Thạnh 145,386 - - 12,439 1,108 28,146 187,078 Long Thành 109,212 - 2,785 32,366 668 27,839 172,870

Duc Hue District 149,296 4,880 147,945 51,619 1,800 22,901 378,441 Binh Hoa Nam 149,296 4,880 147,945 51,619 1,800 22,901 378,441

Duc Hoa District 157,933 30,407 39,714 12,273 931 27,710 268,968 Hoa Khanh Tay 57,122 30,407 20,785 1,948 787 13,150 124,198 Hoa Khanh Nam 87,815 - 18,930 8,655 90 12,133 127,622 Hoa Khanh Dong 12,995 - - 1,670 54 2,428 17,148

TOTAL 2,324,476 166,761 1,010,707 429,056 53,706 370,997 4,355,703

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Figure 16: Site features, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Site location, rice fields, 500 kV Duc Hoa SS

Site location, Song Hau Power Station

TL crossing of QL1A road, Vinh Long Province

TL crossing QL54 road, Vinh Long Province,

near Hau River. Source: PPTA consultants and PECC3.

96. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS is situated in a rubber plantation in Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District of Ba Rịa–Vung Tau province (Figure 17), and SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS is situated in an agricultural area Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An province (Figure 18).

2. Topography

97. Topography along the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL at Tay Ninh and Long An provinces is relatively flat with typical elevations ranging from 0 to 2 meters above sea level (masl). At Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc provinces the TL crosses low hills with rubber plantations, and elevations range from 3 to 53 masl. Topography along the SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL is also relatively flat with elevations from 1 to 6 masl.

40

Figure 17: Site features, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

Site location, rubber plantation, proposed 220 kV

Chau Duc SS Site location, plantation, near connection of SP3

connecting TL with the grid. Source: PPTA consultants and PECC3.

Figure 18: Site features, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

Site location, rice field plantation, proposed 220 kV

Ben Luc SS. Site location, near connection of SP4

connecting TL with the grid. Source: PPTA consultants and PECC3.

98. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS is situated within a rubber plantation, and local topography is flat (90 masl) though there are local hills with higher elevations sloping to the north. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS is situated within the Mekong Delta. The site is generally flat, with elevations ranging from 0.75 to 6.5 masl. The site is about 1.7 m lower than the existing Provincial Road No. 832, and therefore requires earth-filling to raise the ground level of the access road and SS. As previously noted, overflows from the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay rivers makes the area susceptible to floods resulting from climate

41

change induced sea level rise, and the SS will utilize a raised foundation as an adaptation measure.

3. Soils and Geology

99. Soil surveys along the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL alignment indicate that the alignment is divided into two zones. The TL from the Duc Hoa 500 kV SS to the Saigon River belongs to the Tay Ninh Province zone and has the following soil layers:

- Layer 1: clay is brown-gray, dark-gray, mixed with roots. - Layer 2: silty clay is brown-gray, dark-gray, mixed with a little organic substances and

in a soft pasty state. - Layer 2a: clay loam is dark-gray in a soft pasty state and clay loam is gray-black

mottled in a flexible state. - Layer 2b: fine grained sand is white-gray- yellowish, weakly dense. - Layer 3: clay is white-gray, yellow- brown, mixed with gravel in a rigid plastic state. - Layer 4: clay, clay loam and clay mixed with gravel, white-gray, green-gray, red-

brown, mixed with laterite gravel, in a semi-hard state.

100. From the Saigon River to the end of the alignment belongs to the Binh Duong Province zone and has the following soil layers:

- Layer 1: clay is white-gray, yellow-brown, mixed with gravel, in a rigid plastic state. - Layer 2: Clay-sand is yellow gray in a plastic state. - Layer 3a: clay, clay loam and clay mixed with gravel, white-gray, green-gray, red-

brown, mixed with laterite gravel, in a semi-hard state. - Layer 3b: clay loam, clay sand, red-brown-gray, yellow-gray, in the rigid state. - Layer 4: laterite gravel and laterite gravel mixed with clay, gray-red-brown.

101. Soil surveys along SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL alignment indicate that soils are mechanically weak and this will be taken into account during foundation design. In general, the geology of the TL includes the following soil layers:

- Topsoil: dark-gray clay mixed vegetation or roots, and in a flexible to soft pasty state. Appearing on the surface of all the boreholes with a thickness of 0.2 - 1.2 m. Layer 1 (CH - CL): clay intercalated sand is brown-gray, dark-gray, green-gray and sand clay is dark-brown-gray mixed with a little organic humus, and in a liquid state. Appearing on all the boreholes of the entire TL at different depths. In some boreholes, this layer extends to the end of the surveyed depth. Shear strength is low.

- Layer 1a (CL): clay is brown-gray, green-gray, white-gray, yellow-brown mottled, in a flexible state. Shear strength is low.

- Layer 2 (CL): clay is greenish-gray, yellowish-white-gray, red mottled, in a rigid plastic to semi-hard state. Shear strength is medium to high. Layer 2a (SM): clay sand having grain sizes from fine to medium, green-gray, yellow-brown mottled, in a medium dense state. Only appearing locally at 02 boreholes.

- Layer 2b (SP-SM): clay sand is brown-gray, dark-gray, purple-brown, fine grained in a medium dense state.

- Layer 2 (CL): This layer including clay intercalated sand, sand clay and clay is purple-brown, dark-gray, brown-gray, in a flexible to less flexible state.

102. Detailed site surveys at the SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS indicates that there are four main soil layers up to a depth of 15 m:

- Layer 1: sandy yellow clay, yellowish gray, semi-hard state, thickness from 1 to 1.5 m. - Layer 2: Dark gray mud and organic, liquid state, distributions from a depth just

42

below the first player to a depth of 4.0 m. - Layer 3: Gray clay, distribution of depth 4.0 to 6.5 m. - Layer 4: Sand particles, this grade is distributed from a depth of 6.5 and extends to

the maximum depth of the borehole at 15 m.

103. Detailed site surveys at the SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS site indicates that there are three main soil layers up to a depth of 12 m:

- Layer 1: clay, brownish-grey, yellowish-grey, soft plastic clay, most of drill holes have this layer. Thickness of this layer ranges from 0.8 to 1.2 meter.

- Layer 2: clay mud, clay loam mud, blackish-grey, ashy-grey, liquid clay with water-saturated organic. Thickness of this layer ranges from 6.0 – 7.3 meters.

- Layer 3: yellowish-grey, red-grey, soft plastic clay. Thickness of this layer at depth of 12 meters ranges 3.5 to 5.2 meters.

4. Surface Water Resources

104. There are 3 rivers in the vicinity of the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL: Vam Co Dong River, Saigon River and Be River (Figure 19). The rivers are part of the Dong Nai river system. There are also many small canals in the TL vicinity.

Figure 19: Rivers in the vicinity of SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Saigon River

Be River

Vam Co Dong River

43

105. The SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL crosses a number of rivers and canals, ditches, including two major river systems, the Tien and Hau Rivers, the former being the northern branch of the Mekong River after it enters Viet Nam, and the latter being the Mekong’s southern branch (Figure 20). Other rivers in the vicinity include the Vam Co Dong and Vam Co Tay. The riparian zones are lowland and flood annually during the September to October flood season.

106. There are no surface water resources at the SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS site. The nearest surface water is Da Bac Lake, 1.2 km southeast of the end of the connection 220 kV TL (Figure 21).

107. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS is located approximately 1 km from the Vam Co Dong River. There are also irrigation canals flowing from, and to, the Vam Co Dong River and which serve to both drain and provide irrigation for intensive rice cropping (Figure 22). The area is low lying and heavily influenced by river flood levels of the during rainy season, which can also be further exacerbated by high tides.

Figure 20: Rivers in the vicinity of SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Hau River

Tien River

Vam Co Dong River

Vam Co Tay River

44

Figure 21: Water resources in the vicinity of the SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

Figure 22: Water resources in the vicinity of SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

Da Bac Lake

Vam Co Dong River

Irrigation canal

45

5. Geological Hazards

108. Although there is an earthquake risk in the north, the project area in southern Viet Nam is in a geologically stable area with a very low number of earthquake events in the past and a low risk from earthquakes (Figure 23). There is also a very low risk from volcanic activity (PECC3, 2016).

Figure 23: Zoning map for maximum credible earthquakes in Viet Nam. The map indicates that the project area in southern Viet Nam is in a low risk area.

Source: Cao, 2006 in Ngo, Nguyen and Nguyen, 2008. A review of the Current Vietnamese Earthquake Design Code, in Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering Special Issue (Earthquake Engineering in the Low and Moderate Seismic Regions of Southeast Asia and Australia), 2008.

6. Climate

109. Viet Nam's climate can be divided into three climatic zones – the Northern zone, the Central zone, and the Southern zone. All four subprojects are situated in the Southern Climate Zone, characterized by a tropical monsoon climate with high temperatures and humidity. Annually the climate is divided into a rainy season from May to November, and

46

a dry season from December to April. Moisture and sunshine are abundant, and there is a narrow diurnal temperature range.

110. The four subprojects share generally similar climatic characteristics. Annual average temperatures are constant within a narrow range of 25-27 oC. Maximum temperatures are 40-43 oC in April and the lowest temperatures are 13-14 oC in January (Table 17). Average annual sunshine is 1,800 to 2,500 hr/yr.

111. The project area is humid; annual average humidity ranges from 80%-90%, with maximum humidity typically occurring in July or August and minimum humidity occurring in February or March (Table 18). The rainy season from May to October/November accounts for 80-87% of annual rainfall, and the dry season from November/December to April accounts for 13-20% of annual rainfall. Maximum rainfall in the region is up to 240 mm/day, and total annual average rainfall ranges from 1,750 mm (Long An) to 2,650 mm (Phuoc Long) (Table 19). The average annual wind speed ranges from 1.7 – 2.0 m/s. Wind direction from November to April is mainly from the northeast and dry while from May to October the wind is mainly from the southwest brining heavy rainfall to the region.

Table 17: Monthly air temperature (oC) data.

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Average Tay Ninh Meteorological Station

oC average 25.6 26.6 27.9 28.8 28.3 27.4 27.0 27.0 26.7 26.4 26.0 25.2 26.9 oC max 36.2 36.4 38.5 39.9 39.0 37.6 37.3 35.2 35.6 34.0 34.3 34.8 39.9 oC min 15.3 17.9 16.8 21.4 21.9 19.3 20.8 21.2 20.3 18.5 16.9 13.9 13.9

Phuoc Long Meteorological Station oC average 24.1 25.3 26.9 27.5 27.0 26.0 25.5 25.3 25.2 25.0 24.7 23.7 25.5 oC max 35.4 38.0 38.4 38.5 38.0 43.4 34.9 36.0 34.3 36.0 34.7 35.2 43.4 oC min 13.0 14.6 15.0 15.0 19.8 17.1 15.4 19.9 19.9 16.5 13.2 13.0 13.0

Tan An Meteorological Station oC average

25.2 25.6 26.9 27.6 27.5 27.2 26.3 27 26.1 26.5 26.8 26.4 26.5 Source: Binh Phuoc and Tay Ninh Meteorological Stations, 208-2012. Tan An Meteorological Station, 2011-2013 in Long An province Statistical Yearbook 2013.

Table 18: Annual humidity (%) data, 2008-2012. Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Average

Tay Ninh Meteorological Station Avg. Relative Humidity 70.5 70.8 70.2 73.2 79.7 83.5 84.1 84.5 85.9 85.0 79.4 72.8 78.3

Average Minimum humidity 45.8 45.3 43.8 47.8 55.7 62.1 63.6 64.5 66.5 64.5 58.2 51.1 55.8

Phuoc Long Meteorological Station Average Relative Humidity 71.3 69.1 69.5 73.6 81.4 85.3 87.3 88.8 88.7 86.8 80.4 74.8 79.8

Average Minimum humidity 47.8 47.0 46.2 51.3 60.0 69.0 71.4 73.3 71.9 67.9 59.3 53.0 59.8

Source: Binh Phuoc and Tay Ninh Meteorological Stations, 208-2012. Tan An Meteorological Station, 2011-2013 in Long An province Statistical Yearbook 2013.

47

Table 19: Daily and monthly rainfall (mm) data, 2008-2012.

Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year Tay Ninh Meteorological Station

Average rainfall 13 11 24 104 203 265 257 234 353 317 139 48 1,967 Maximum daily rainfall 60 57 80 119 156 149 119 114 169 145 186 140 186

Average number of rainy days

1.7 1.6 2.8 7.4 16.0 20.5 21.8 21.6 23.6 21.9 11.6 3.8 154.4

Phuoc Long Meteorological Station Average rainfall 14 16 41 121 290 382 401 462 468 322 119 31 2,665 Maximum daily rainfall 59 45 66 98 148 230 167 173 242 153 114 58 242

Average number of rainy days

2.0 1.7 4.7 10.8 18.9 21.6 23.8 24.5 24.2 20.9 10.4 3.9 167.3

Tan An Meteorological Station Average rainfall 21 10 56 67 197 171 291 192 293 263 145 36 1,744

Source: Binh Phuoc and Tay Ninh Meteorological Stations, 208-2012. Tan An Meteorological Station, 2011-2013 in Long An province Statistical Yearbook 2013.

7. Baseline Ambient Monitoring

112. Baseline air quality, noise and surface water monitoring was undertaken at each subproject area. The selected sites were those most likely to be affected by subproject construction, such as near roads and residential areas.

a) SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

Air Quality and Noise

113. Noise and air quality was monitored at ten sites along the TL alignment by PECC3 in association with the Environment & Energy Center, in September 2015 (Table 20 and Figure 24). The monitoring results are presented in Table 21. Air quality (dust, SO2, NO2, CO, Cl2, NH3) in the subproject area is generally good. All sites complied with QCVN 06:2013/BTNMT (ambient air quality – toxic substances), and all sites complied with QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT (ambient air quality) except K3, K7 and K9 for dust, as these are areas where the TL crosses roads. In terms of noise, the situation is also generally good. All sites complied with QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT except K3, K7 and K9, again due to their proximity to roads.

Surface Water Quality

114. Surface water quality was monitored at ten sites surrounding the subproject area by PECC3 in association with the Environment & Energy Center, in September 2015 (Table 22 and Figure 24). The results, presented in Table 23, show that the surface water quality is moderately polluted as standard QCVN 08: 2008/ BTNMT (surface water quality) is exceeded for several parameters at a number of sites: TSS exceeded the standard at 8 out of 10 sites; BOD5 exceeded the standard at 8 of 10 sites; phosphate exceeded the standard at 4 of 10 sites. The remaining parameters (pH, nitrate and coliforms) were in compliance with the standard at all 10 sites.

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Table 20: Air, noise sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

No. Date Code Sampling Location Description Latitude Longitude

1 28/09/2015 K1 At area to build a 550 kV SS, Duc Hoa District, Long An Province 100 49’ 42’’ N 1060 25’ 04’’ E

2 28/09/2015 K2 At area that TL crosses 822 road, Hiep Hoa commune, Duc Hoa District, Long An Province

100 52’ 55’’ N 1060 22’ 58’’ E

3 28/09/2015 K3 At area where TL crosses 22 road, Go Dau District, Tay Ninh Province. 110 04’ 08’’ N 1060 18’ 22’’ E

4 28/09/2015 K4 Gia Binh CPC, Trang Bang district, Tay Ninh province. 110 03’ 37’’ N 1060 20’ 32’’ E

5 28/09/2015 K5 At area where TL crosses 752 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh Duong Province

110 10’ 60’’ N 1060 24’ 52’’ E

6 28/09/2015 K6 At area where TL crosses 748 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh Duong Province

110 15’ 48’’ N 1060 28’ 27’’ E

7 28/09/2015 K7 At area where TL crosses 749 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh Duong Province

110 17’ 52’’ N 1060 31’ 33’’ E

8 28/09/2015 K8 At area where TL crosses 750 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh Duong Province

110 20’ 26’’ N 1060 32’ 53’’ E

9 28/09/2015 K9 At area where TL crosses 13 road, Dau Tieng District, Binh Duong Province 110 21’ 55’’ N 1060 38’ 01’’ E

10 28/09/2015 K10 At area to build a 550 kV SS, Chon Minh Thanh, Chon Thanh District, Binh Phuoc Province

110 25’ 13’’ N 1060 42’ 07’’ E

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

Figure 24: Air, noise and surface water sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Source: SPPMB, 2016. Note: K designates air monitoring locations, “N” designates water sampling locations.

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Table 21: Result of air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum 1 hour), SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Code Dust (mg/m3)

SO2 (mg/m3)

NO2 (mg/m3)

CO (mg/m3)

Cl2 (mg/m3)

NH3 (mg/m3)

Noise (dBA)

K1 0,2 0,02 0,03 1,1 0,021 0,044 51-56 K2 0,26 0,04 0,12 2,26 0,031 0,031 62-65 K3 0,41 0,03 0,08 1,76 0,026 0,030 66-80 K4 0,29 0,02 0,15 1,89 0,026 0,032 54-68 K5 0,21 0,05 0,08 1,11 0,027 0,031 54-67 K6 0,26 0,02 0,026 1,25 0,028 0,034 53-66 K7 0,37 0,03 0,028 2,16 0,022 0,035 54-72 K8 0,21 0,04 0,032 2,71 0,025 0,035 55-68 K9 0,40 0,02 0,018 1,27 0,023 0,036 66-75 K10 0,17 0,02 0,020 1,58 0,025 0,038 54-60

Standards QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT (Ambient air quality, maximum 1 hour)

0,3 0,35 0,2 30 - - -

QCVN 06:2013/BTNMT (Ambient air quality - toxic substances)

- - - - 0,1 0,2 -

QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (Noise, daytime maximum 1 hour LAeq)

- - - - - - 706

Note: Bold values denote exceedance of relevant standard.

Table 22: Surface water sampling locations, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Sampling Location No. Code Description Latitude Longitude

1 N1 Vam Co Dong river, bridge Duc Hoa, Duc Hoa

District, Long An Province 100 47’ 52’’ N 1060 25’ 34’’ E

2 N2 Vam Co Dong river, Tra Cu Ferry 100 54’ 20’’ N 1060 18’ 37’’ E

3 N3 Vam Co Dong river, Duc Hue bridge, Duc Hue District, Long An Province 110 05’ 01’’ N 1060 15’ 47’’ E

4 N4 Saigon river, Dau Tieng bridge, Dau Tieng town, Binh Duong province 110 16’ 51’’ N 1060 24’ 45’’ E

5 N5 Can Nom Lake, Dau Tieng district, Binh Duong province 110 14’ 05’’ N 1060 24’ 45’’ E

6 N6 Saigon River, Dau Tieng town, Binh Duong province 110 11’ 11’’ N 1060 24’ 56’’ E

7 N7 Phuoc Hoa channel, Bau Bang district, Binh Duong province 110 21’ 31’’ N 1060 37’ 49’’ E

8 N8 Be river, An Long bridge, Phu Giao District, Binh Duong province 110 15’ 19’’ N 1060 45’ 28’’ E

9 N9 Ngang stream, Ngang bridge, Chon Thanh District, Binh Phuoc province 110 28’ 48’’ N 1060 41’ 58’’ E

10 N10 Phuoc Hoa bridge, Chon Thanh District, Binh Phuoc province 110 25’ 43’’ N 1060 43’ 11’’ E

6 Note that the domestic EIA used the Vietnamese noise standard of 70 dBA (QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT) which is

consistent with the WHO guideline of 70 dBA in industrial and commercial areas. However, in residential areas the applicable guideline for this IEE is 55 dBA in the daytime, and 45 dBA in the nighttime.

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Table 23: Result of surface water analysis, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Code pH TSS BOD5 NO3- PO4

3- Coliform - mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/ 100 ml

N1 7,10 66 18 1,4 0,16 1.180 N2 6,58 68 17 2,6 0,32 1.700 N3 6,62 57 21 1,9 0,37 1.200 N4 6,57 72 23 2,7 0,44 1.780 N5 6,71 35 11 3,8 0,23 1.250 N6 7,00 68 20 4,1 0,28 1.580 N7 6,53 71 22 2,6 0,34 2.340 N8 6,85 55 19 4,3 0,38 1.600 N9 6,79 58 14 3,8 0,29 2.700 N10 7,21 49 23 4,2 0,24 2.600

Standard QCVN 08:2008/ BTNMT (Surface

water quality, column B1 –

irrigation and other use)

5,5-9 50 15 10 0,3 7.500

Note: Bold values denote exceedance of relevant standard.

b) SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

Air Quality and Noise

115. Noise and air quality was monitored at ten sites along the TL alignment by PECC3 in association with the Sac Ky Hai Dang Science - Technology Services Joint Stock Company, in October 2014 (Table 24 and Figure 25).

Table 24: Air quality and noise sampling site locations, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

No. Symbol Date Sampling Locations Description Latitude Longitude

1 K1 14/10/2014 Song Hau Power Complex, Mai Dam town, Chau Thanh district, Hau Giang Province. 9°56'59.34"N 105°51'12.02"E

2 K2 14/10/2014 Intersection between T/L and Highway 1A, Phu Thinh commune, Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province.

10° 5'26.14"N 105°52'17.39"E

3 K3 14/10/2014 Intersection between T/L and Provincial Road No.854, An Khanh commune, Chau Thanh district, Dong Thap province.

10°11'46.85"N 105°50'44.09"E

4 K4 14/10/2014 Intersection between T/L and Highway No. 30, Tan Thanh commune, Cai Be district, Tien Giang province.

10°19'21.50"N 105°52'16.18"E

5 K5 14/10/2014 In front of People's Committee of My Loi A commune, Cai Be district, Tien Giang province.

10°21'49.38"N 105°53'28.71"E

6 K6 14/10/2014 In front of People's Committee of Hau My Trinh commune, Cai Be district, Tien Giang province.

10°26'26.11"N 105°58'26.50"E

7 K7 15/10/2014 Intersection between T/L and Provincial Road No. 829, Tan Hoa commune. 10°31'51.42"N 106° 4'50.04"E

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No. Symbol Date Sampling Locations Description Latitude Longitude

8 K8 15/10/2014 Intersection between T/L and Highway No. 62, Thuy Dong commune, Thanh Hoa district, Long an Province.

10°38'7.89"N 106°13'31.49"E

9 K9 15/10/2014 In front of People's Committee of Long Thanh commune, Thu Thua district, Long An province

10°41'46.79"N 106°15'30.30"E

10 K10 15/10/2014 500 kV Duc Hoa SS, Hoa Khanh Dong commune, Duc Hoa district m Long An province.

10°49'32.54"N 106°25'3.06"E

116. The monitoring results are presented in Table 25, and indicate that both air quality (dust, SO2, NO2, CO) and noise comply with relevant standards (QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT and QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT, respectively).

Figure 25: Air, noise and surface water sampling sites, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Source: SPPMB, 2016. Note: K designates air and noise monitoring locations, “N” designates water sampling locations.

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Table 25: Air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum 1 hour) results, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Site Dust (mg/m3)

SO2 (mg/m3)

NO2 (mg/m3)

CO (mg/m3) Noise (dBA)

K1 0.18 0.03 0.015 2.20 55-60 K2 0.27 0.05 0.044 3.12 65-67 K3 0.21 0.03 0.036 1.37 54-62 K4 0.20 0.24 0.033 1.56 56-59 K5 0.17 0.02 0.031 1.18 54-60 K6 0.18 0.02 0.026 1.25 53-58 K7 0.20 0.03 0.028 2.16 54-61 K8 0.21 0.04 0.032 2.71 55-60 K9 0.16 0.02 0.018 1.27 52-56 K10 0.17 0.02 0.020 1.58 54-60

Test method TCVN 5067-1995

TCVN 5971-1995

TCVN 6137-1996

52 TCVN 352-89 Acoumeter

Standard QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT (Ambient air quality, maximum 1 hour)

0.3 0.35 0.2 30 -

QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (Noise, daytime maximum 1 hour LAeq)

- - - - 707

Note: Bold values denote exceedance of relevant standard.

Surface Water Quality

117. Surface water quality was monitored at nine sites surrounding the subproject area by PECC3 in association with the Sac Ky Hai Dang Science - Technology Services Joint Stock Company, in October 2014 (Table 26 and Figure 25).

Table 26: Surface water sampling locations, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

No. Symbol Date Sampling Locations Description Latitude Longitude

1 N1 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Hau river, Mai Dam town, Chau Thanh district, Hau Giang Province 9°57'44.31"N 105°51'16.64"E

2 N2 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Tra On river, Dong Thanh Commune, Binh Minh town, Vinh Long province. 9°59'2.62"N 105°53'44.27"E

3 N3 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Tra Da River, Tan Phu commune, Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province. 10° 5'2.84"N 105°51'55.44"E

4 N4 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Nhung Nuong canal, An Khanh commune, Chau Thanh District, Vinh Long Province.

10°13'39.93"N 105°51'5.71"E

5 N5 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Tien river, Dong Thap Province. 10°15'51.01"N 105°52'49.37"E

6 N6 14/10/2014 Surface water in the Cai Coi river, Tan Thanh commune, Cai Be district, Tien Giang province. 10°18'35.97"N 105°53'29.61"E

7 N7 15/10/2014 Surface water in the Nguyen Van Tiep canal, Phu 10°30'14.52"N 106°3'44.15"E

7 Ibid.

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No. Symbol Date Sampling Locations Description Latitude Longitude

Cuong commune, Cai Lay District, Tien Giang Province.

8 N8 15/10/2014 Surface water in the Vam Co Tay River, Thuy Dong commune, Thanh Hoa district, Long An province.

10°39'41.92"N 106°12'53.27"E

9 N9 15/10/2014 Surface water in the Vam Co Dong river, Duc Hoa District, Long An Province. 10°47'43.37"N 106°25'25.99"E

118. The results, presented in Table 27, show that the surface water quality standard QCVN 08: 2008/ BTNMT (column B1) is met except phosphates (PO4

3-) at 4 locations and BOD5 at 9 locations. Thus, the quality of the surface water in the subproject area is slightly polluted.

Table 27: Results of surface water sampling, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Site pH TSS BOD5 NO3- PO4

3- Coliform - mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/ 100 ml

N1 7.10 23 14 1.4 0.16 1,180 N2 6.58 38 17 2.6 0.32 1,700 N3 6.62 47 21 1.9 0.37 1,200 N4 6.57 72 23 2.7 0.44 1,780 N5 6.71 35 16 3.8 0.23 1,250 N6 7.00 68 20 4.1 0.28 1,580 N7 6.53 71 22 2.6 0.31 2,340 N8 6.85 49 19 4.3 0.30 1,600 N9 6.79 58 23 3.8 0.29 2,700

QCVN 08:2008/ BTNMT (Surface

water quality, column B1 –

irrigation and other use)

5.5-9 50 15 10 0.3 7,500

c) SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

Air Quality and Noise

119. Noise and air quality was monitored at three sites near the Chau Duc SS in November, 2015 (Table 28).

Table 28: Air quality monitoring sites, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

No. Site Time Location Vietnamese Coordinates X (m) Y (m)

01 KK1 8h30, 06/11/2015

The crossroads of Binh Ba and Da Bac 1175401,617 443528,419

02 KK2 9h30, 06/11/2015

The central location of the SS area 1171527,015 443916,568

03 KK3 11h30, 06/11/2015

Connection positions of Pham Be land lines 1169294,922 444689,000

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120. The results indicate that air quality (SO2, NO2, CO, dust) and noise were in compliance with the Vietnamese standards (QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT and QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT, respectively) (Table 29).

Table 29: Ambient air quality (1 hour maximum average) and noise (daytime maximum 1 hour), SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

Sampling Station Dust (mg/m3)

SO2 (mg/m3)

NO2 (mg/m3)

CO (mg/m3)

Noise (dBA)

KK1 0,2 0,02 0,03 1,1 51-56 KK2 0,26 0,04 0,12 2,26 62-65 KK3 0,24 0,03 0,08 1,76 54-58

QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT (Ambient air quality, maximum 1 hour)

0,3 0,35 0,2 30 -

QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (Noise, daytime maximum 1

hour LAeq) - - - - 708

Surface and Ground Water Quality

121. Surface water quality was monitored at Da Bac Lake, near the subproject site (Table 30). The results indicate that the water quality is good, and in compliance with the relevant irrigation water quality standard, QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT (Table 31).

122. Groundwater was monitored approximately 200 m from the subproject area. The results indicate that groundwater is in compliance with QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT (Table 32).

Table 30: Location of surface water sampling, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

No. Sample Location Vietnamese Coordinates

X (m) Y (m)

01 NM Da Bac Lake, near subproject area 1171327,135 443936,805

8 Ibid.

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Table 31: Results of surface water quality analysis, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

No. Parameters Unit Results QCVN 08:2008/ BTNMT (Surface water quality, column B1 – irrigation

and other use) 1 pH - 6,82 5,5 - 9

2 BOD5 (20 oC) mg/l 14 15

3 (TSS) mg/l 42 50 4 NO3-N mg/l 2,5 10 5 PO4

3-P PO43-P 0,28 0,3

6 Total Coliform MPN/ 100 ml 1.700 7.500

Table 32: Results of groundwater quality analysis, SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS.

No. Parameters Unit Results QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT 1 pH 6,6 5,5-8,5 2 hardness mg/l 425 500 3 COD mg/l 2,2 4 4 Ammonia (N) mg/l 0,005 0,1 5 Chloride mg/l 150 250

d) SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

Air Quality and Noise

123. Ambient noise and air quality was monitored at three sites in the subproject area by PECC3 in association with the Hai Au Environment Service and Consultant Joint Stock Company in December 2014. The results indicate that air quality at the subproject area is in compliance with QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT. Noise levels were low, and also fully in compliance with the relevant standard QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.

Table 33: Ambient air quality (1 hour) and noise monitoring results, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc

SS.

No. Criteria Unit

Analysis results QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (Noise,

daytime maximum 1 hour LAeq)

QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT

(Ambient air quality,

maximum 1 hour)

KK1

(SS)

KK2 (end of

connecting TL)

KK3 (access road)

1 Temperature oC 34.2 34.4 34.3

2 Noise dBA 47.1 – 54.5 47.1 – 54.5 36.1 – 45.8 709

3 TSP mg/m3 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.3 4 CO mg/m3 1.2 1.5 1.8 30 5 NO2 mg/m3 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.2 6 SO2 mg/m3 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.35

9 Ibid.

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Surface and Groundwater Quality

124. Surface water quality was monitored at the Vam Co Dong river in Nhut Chanh commune at the nearest section to the proposed SS. The analysis was undertaken by PECC2 in coordination with the Hai Au Environment Service and Consultant Joint Stock Company, December 2014. The results indicate that all parameters were in compliance with the relevant standard, QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT (Table 34).

Table 34: Surface water quality monitoring results, SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS.

No. Parameter Unit Result QCVN 08:2008/ BTNMT

(Surface water quality, column B1 – irrigation and

other use) 01 pH -- 6.43 5.5 – 9 02 Turbidity NTU 13 - 03 DO mg O2/L 6.32 4 04 BOD5 mg O2/L 8.63 15 05 COD mg O2/L 15.31 30 06 TSS mg/L 17.42 50 07 Cl- mg/L 346.3 600 08 N-NO3

- mg/L 0.15 10 09 PO4

3- mg/L Not found 0.3 10 SO4

2- mg/L Not found - 11 Fe mg/L Not found 1.5 12 Oil/grease mg/L Not found 0.1 13 Total Coliform MPN/100 ml 490 7,500

125. One groundwater sample was taken from a drilled well at a local household near the SS location in December 2014. The results indicate that with the exception of chloride all parameters were in compliance with the relevant standard (QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT) (Table 35).

Table 35: The results of groundwater quality in the project area

No. Parameter Unit Result QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT

01 pH -- 6.53 5.5 – 8.5 02 Hardness mg CaCO3/L 121.5 500 03 Oxidant mg/L 1.13 - 04 COD mg/L 3.45 4 05 TS mg/L 434.7 - 06 Cl- mg/L 718.6 250 07 F- mg/L Not found 1 08 Fe mg/L Not found 5 09 Pb mg/L Not found 0.01 10 As mg/L Not found 0.05 11 Hg mg/L Not found 0,001 12 Total Coliform MPN/100 ml Not found 3

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C. Ecological and Sensitive Resources

1. Flora

126. The two TL subprojects, (SP1 and SP2) were field surveyed in January to May and September to December, 2015. The TL alignments pass through primarily agricultural areas dominated by rice, rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis) and perennials such as coconut (Cocos nucifera), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), Plum (Syzygium samarangense), Guava (Psidium guajava), Mango (Mangifera sp.), Banana (Musa sp.), Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulata.), Orange (Citrus sinensis), and Lemon (Citrus aurantifolia). There are some natural vegetation in the RoW such as Primrose (Ludwidgia adscendens, Ludwidgia octovalvis), Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic), Blue Hyacinth (Monochoria cyanea), grasses (Cynodon dactylum, Echinochloa crus-galli, Eragrostis pilosa, and Eleusine indica) and sedges (Cyperus genus). There are no remaining stands of natural forest within the RoWs. There are no reports of any rare or endangered flora in the RoW vicinity, and this was confirmed by the surveys.

127. The two SS subprojects (SP3 and SP4) are also located within agricultural areas. The Chau Duc SS is situated on the Binh Ba rubber plantation of the Ba Ria Rubber Company, and site vegetation is primarily Hevea brasiliensis. The Ben Luc SS area is dominated by rice and other crops including fruit trees. Site surveys of both sites confirm that there are no rare or endangered flora present.

2. Fauna

128. Fauna in the two TL subproject RoWs includes typical domestic animals, typical fauna found in rice fields including birds such as White storks (Egretta garzetta), sparrows (Passer montanus), Greater coucals (Centropus sinensis), and amphibians and reptiles such as toads (Bufo melanostictus), frogs (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, Polypedates leucomystax, Hylarana Guentheri), snakes (Xenochrophis piscator, Trimeresurus albolabris), Long-tailed lizards (Mabuya longicaudata), and Skinks (Mabuya multifasciata). The surveys confirmed that there are no rare or endangered faunal species within the RoWs.

129. Field surveys also confirmed that there are no rare or endangered faunal species within the two SS sites.

3. Parks and Protected Areas

130. Based on reviews of satellite imagery and secondary government data sources, site visits, and consultations with relevant government authorities, there are no parks or protected areas or protection forests within or adjacent to any of the subprojects. The closest such areas are the Dau Tieng protective forest in Tan Chau district of Tay Ninh province, 36 km from the SP1 TL; and Tram Chim National Park in Dong Thap province, 56 km far from the SP2 TL.

D. Socio-economic and Cultural Resources

1. Administrative Divisions

131. The SP1 TL RoW will traverse 25 communes in eight districts of four provinces:

Long An Province has 15 administrative units including 1 provincial city (Tan An, the capital), 1 district level town and 13 districts.

Tay Ninh Province has 9 administrative units, including 1 provincial city (Tay Ninh,

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the capital) and 8 districts. Binh Duong Province has 9 administrative units, including 1 provincial city (Thu Dau

Mot, the capital) 4 district level towns and 4 districts. Binh Phuoc Province has 10 administrative units, including 3 district level towns (one

of which, Dong Xoai is the capital) and 7 districts.

132. The SP2 TL RoW will traverses 38 communes in 14 districts of 5 provinces:

Hau Giang province has eight administrative units including 1 provincial city (Vi Thanh, the capital), 2 towns and 5 districts.

Vinh Long province has eight administrative units, including 1 provincial city (Vinh Long, the capital), 1 town and 6 districts.

Dong Thap province has 12 administrative divisions, including 2 provincial cities (one of which, Cao Lanh, is the capital), 1 town and 9 districts.

Tien Giang province has 11 administrative divisions, including 1 provincial city (My Tho, the capital), 2 towns and 8 districts.

Long An province (see above).

133. The SP3 SS will be located in Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province:

Ba Ria - Vung Tau province has 8 administrative divisions, including 2 provincial city (one of which, Ba Ria, is the capital) and 6 districts.

134. The SP4 SS will be located in Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province (see above).

2. Population

135. According to the General Statistics Office Viet Nam had a population of 90.729 million in 2014. Population data for the communes, districts along the SP1 and SP2 TL RoWs is presented in Table 36 and Table 37, respectively.

Table 36: Population data for the SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL RoW.

No. Province / District Commune Population

(Province and Commune)

No of Households (Commune)

I Long An 1,477,300 1 Duc Hue My Quy Dong 11,787 3,159 2 My Thanh Bac 10,398 2,524 3

Duc Hoa

Hoa Khanh Dong 12,921 3,517 4 Hoa Khanh Nam 9,785 2.195 5 Hoa Khanh Tay 8,616 2.253 6 Tan Phu 12,601 3.011 7 Hiep Hoa 9,039 2.009 8 An Ninh Tay 8,490 2.201 II Binh Phuoc 932,500 9 Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 11,344 3,278 III Tay Ninh 1,104,200 10

Trang Bang

Phuoc Chi 10,480 4,230 11 An Hoa 10,505 2,631 12 Gia Binh 15,200 3,764 13 Gia Loc 10,421 2,725 14 Loc Hung 10,336 3,346

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No. Province / District Commune Population

(Province and Commune)

No of Households (Commune)

15 Hung Thuan 9,199 1,200 16 Đon Thuan 9,537 2,432 17 Go Dau Thanh Phuoc 9,191 2,016 IV Binh Duong 1,873,600 18

Dau Tieng

Thanh An 10,456 2,014 19 An Lap 9,229 2,861 20 Long Tan 8,094 2,553 21 Long Hoa 9,006 1,093 22 Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 9,638 1,301 23 Tru Van Tho 9,889 2,229 24 Phu Giao Tan Long 10,120 2,513 25 An Long 8,439 2,033

Source: District and Commune People's Committees, 2015.

Table 37: Population data for the Song Hau - Duc Hoa TL RoW.

Province District Commune Population Hau Giang 768,400

Chau Thanh 90,346 Mai Dam 11,165

Vinh Long 1,041,500 Binh Minh 97,377

ĐôngThành 10,398 Đông Thạnh 5,992 My Hoa 14,787

Binh Tan 94,694 My Thuan 8,039 Nguyen Van Thanh 8,490

Tam Binh 158,469 Ngai Tu 14,921 PhuThinh 12,601 Tan Phu 8,616

Tra On 146,775 Phu Thanh 10,540

Dong Thap

1,681,300 Chau Thanh

149,983 An Khanh 13,344 Tan Nhuan Dong 20,000 Phu Huu 8,407 An Nhon 13,050

Tien Giang 1,716,100 Cai Be 278,685

An Huu 17,480 Tan Thanh 10,505 An Thai Trung 15,200 My Loi A 10,421 My Duc Tay 16,336 My Tan 5,199 My Duc Dong 9,537 Thien Trung 9,077 Hau My Trinh 11,053

Cai Lay 186,792 My Thanh Bac 8,191 Thanh Loc 12,065 Phu Cuong 12,703

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Province District Commune Population Tan Phuoc 44,094

Thanh Hoa 1,315 Thanh Tan 2,302

Long An

1,477,300 Duc Hoa 199,576

Hoa Khanh Tay 10,120 Hoa Khanh Nam 8,439 Hoa Khanh Dong 11,750

Duc Hue 63,576 Binh Hoa Nam 7,781

Tan Thanh 79,985 Tan Hoa 10,45

Thanh Hoa 54,984 Thanh An 3,229 Thuy Dong 2,094 Tan Tay 5,006

Thu Thua 90,542 Long Thạnh 5,638 Long Thành 889

Source: District and Commune People's Committees, 2015.

136. Ba Ria - Vung Tau province (SP3) has a population of 1.060 million (2014). Chau Duc District has a population of 160,000 (2014), while the populations of Binh Ba Commune and Da Bac Commune are 10,500 and 8,700 respectively (2015).

137. Long An Province (SP4) has a population of 1.477 million (2014). Ben Luc District has a population of 146,000 (2010), while the population of Nhut Chanh Commune is 12,000 (2010).

3. Economy

138. Viet Nam has been transitioning from a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Agriculture's share of economic output has shrunk from about 25% in 2000 to 18% in 2014, while industry's share increased from 36% to 38% in the same period. State-owned enterprises now account for only about 40% of GDP. Total GDP was $551.3 billion (2015 est.), GDP growth rate was 6.5% (2015 est.), and per capita GDP was $6,100 (2015 est.).

SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

Long An Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (27.3% of GDP), industry and construction (41.5% of GDP) and services (31.2% of GDP). Total GDP was VND 21,801 billion in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises, state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

Tay Ninh Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (29.3% of GDP), industry and construction (37.7% of GDP) and services (33.0% of GDP). Total GDP was VND 34,081 billion in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

Binh Duong Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (2.7% of GDP), industry and construction (60% of GDP) and services (37.3% of GDP). Per capita GDP was VND 73 million in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises, state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

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Binh Phuoc Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (36.7% of GDP), industry and construction (24.8% of GDP) and services (38.5% of GDP). Per capita GDP was VND 39.8 million in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises, state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau-Duc Hoa TL Hau Giang Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and

fisheries (25.76% of GDP), industry and construction (33.37% of GDP) and services (40.87% of GDP). Per capita GDP was VND 31.3 million in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises and state-owned enterprises.

Vinh Long Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (31.1% of GDP), industry and construction (23.0% of GDP) and services (45.9% of GDP). Per capita GDP was VND 35.4 million in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises and state-owned enterprises.

Dong Thap Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (37.15% of GDP), industry and construction (22.57% of GDP) and services (40.28% of GDP). Per capita GDP was VND 32.62 million in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises and state-owned enterprises.

Tien Giang Province: in 2015, key economic sectors are agriculture, forestry and fisheries (39.9% of GDP), industry and construction (24.9% of GDP) and services (35.2% of GDP). Total GDP was VND 48,693.6 billion in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises, state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

Long An Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were agriculture, forestry and fisheries (27.3% of GDP), industry and construction (41.5% of GDP) and services (31.2% of GDP). Total GDP was VND 21,801 billion in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in private enterprises, state-owned enterprises and industrial zones.

SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS

Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province: in 2015, key economic sectors were industry (25.97% of GDP), trade – service (14.32% of GDP), agriculture (23.71% of GDP), forestry (25.69% of GDP) and fisheries (21.58% of GDP). Total GDP was VND 35,921 billion in 2015. The majority of workers were employed in the oil industry.

SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

Long An province (see above).

4. Infrastructure

139. The subproject areas are well served by a network of national and provincial highways and roads. For example, roads in the vicinity of SP1 include national roads No. 22, and No. 13, and provincial highways TL823, TL872, TL789, TL744, TL748, TL749A, DT750, and DH510. For SP2, the road network includes national road 1A, national road No. 50, No. 53, No. 54, No. 57, No. 62, No. 80, the Ho Chi Minh - Trung Luong Superhighway, and provincial roads.

140. The SS subprojects are also well served by local road networks. Roads in the SP3 vicinity include national highway No. 56, and roads in the SP4 vicinity include national highway No. 1A and Provincial Road No. 832, which are then linked to district and commune roads. The Tan Son Nhat Airport is located about 35 km from the Ben Luc 220 kV SS via National Highway No. 1A.

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5. Health and Education

141. Education is a priority sector of the GoV for Viet Nam’s development. All residents in communes in the project areas have access to kindergarten, primary schools, and secondary schools. Residents also have access to health care at the commune, district and provincial levels.

6. Physical Cultural Resources

142. Surveys of the TL subprojects RoWs and SS sites and RoWs conducted in 2014 and 2015 by PECC3 indicate that there are no known physical cultural resources (PCRs) within the subproject site areas.10

7. UXO Contaminated Sites

143. UXO is a significant issue in Viet Nam after decades of war. It is a legal requirement to having specialized army units conduct mine and other UXO clearance in all subproject areas prior to commencement of construction.

10

Physical cultural resources (PCRs) are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. Physical cultural resources may be located in urban or rural settings and may be above or below ground or under water. Their cultural interest may be at the local, provincial, national, or international level. Within the Project area these could include:

- Funeral site: graves, cemeteries, shrines, stupas. - Religious buildings: Temples or Pagodas, complete or ruins. - Religious objects: Buddhist images or sculpture. - Sacred sites: sacred caves, forest, hills or cliffs. - Historical sites or objects: artifacts, tools, relics, memorials. - Spirit sites: sites residents believe are occupied by a spirit (house, tree, stone, etc.).

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V. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

144. Anticipated positive and negative environmental impacts of the proposed project were assessed based domestic subproject EIAs approved at the provincial (for SSs) or national (for TLs) levels; subproject IEEs prepared by SPPMB consultants; site visits conducted by ADB and NPT domestic and international environmental consultants; and consultations with affected persons and stakeholders.

145. Pre-construction, construction phase and operation phases were each considered separately. The results of the assessment analysis indicates that during the pre-construction phase negative impacts are significant and long-term, and are primarily associated with permanent land acquisition, loss of perennial and annual crops, and loss of houses and other structures.

146. Potential negative construction phase environmental impacts are short-term and localized, and are associated with soil erosion, construction noise, fugitive dust, wastewater, solid and hazardous waste, disruption of traffic and community services, risks to worker health and safety, and the risk of UXO.

147. Potential negative impacts during the operation phase include risks to worker health and safety, risks to community health and safety, hazardous wastes, emergency situations, and impacts from RoW vegetation management.

148. Potential negative pre-construction, construction phase and operation phase impacts can be effectively mitigated through the application of appropriate good international practice mitigation measures including compensation for loss of assets, good construction and health and safety practices, good operational management practices, compliance with relevant GoV standards, and compliance with good international practice guidelines, including the General EHS Guidelines (2007, covering environment; occupational health and safety; and community health and safety) and the EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007).

149. Potential positive operation phase impacts are significant and long-term, and are associated with meeting the growth in electricity demand in southern Viet Nam, enhancing the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads, and improving the operational effectiveness and efficiency of the NPT for financing, managing and operating the transmission network to ensure a reliable electricity supply.

A. Anticipated Pre-construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures

1. Siting, Land Acquisition and Loss of Structures and Crops

150. There are two types of impacts on land; one is permanent land acquisition for the location of the SSs and access roads, and the foundations of the TL towers; and the second is related to the safety restrictions imposed on the continued use of land inside the TL RoWs. Permanent land acquisition will require the removal of all existing houses and other structures, and annual and perennial crops including trees. In accordance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, landuse within the 34 m wide (500 kV) and 22 m wide (220 kV) TL RoWs will be affected as follows:

- Objects and trees are not permitted within the RoWs where the vertical safety distance from the top of an object to the lowest sag point of the TL conductor is less than 6.0 m for 500 kV TLs, and less than 4.0 m for 220 kV TLs.

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- Within these vertical safety distance restrictions, annual and perennial crops can still be grown in the 500 kV and 220 kV TL RoWs. However, because each steel lattice tower uses its foundations as a grounding mechanism, no agricultural activity is permitted within 0.5 m of the tower foundations.

- Crop lands may also experience temporary adverse impacts during the construction and stringing of the TL towers.

- Houses and similar structures (if any) can remain within the 220 kV TL RoWs (if within the required vertical clearances) but if the parts of the structures include metal, then the structures need to be earthed (grounded), and/or if the structures are made of combustible materials, then they need to be fireproofed. However, the Project will relocate these structures to outside of the RoW.

- Houses and structures are not allowed in the 500 kV TL RoWs and existing structures will be removed.

151. Impacts from siting of SSs and TL RoWs on land acquisition and loss of assets were determined through subproject Inventory of Loss (IOL) surveys undertaken by PECC2 and PECC3 national socioeconomic specialists, supported by a due diligence review by ADB national and international social safeguard specialists.11The results will be confirmed in the detailed design phase through Detailed Measurement Surveys (DMSs).12

a) SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

i. Permanent Land Acquisition, SP1

152. A total of 112,585 m² of land will be permanently acquired for the 253 tower foundations, equivalent to 3.2% of the total RoW area, including 45,359 m² of annual cropland and 67,226 m² of perennial land (Table 38).

ii. Affected Land in the RoW, SP1

153. There is a total of 3,251,010 m² of crop land and residential landholdings within the 34 m RoW on which landuse, as per Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, will be affected including 1,624,659 m² of annual rice cropland and 1,590,303 m² of perennial land containing 55,651 rubber trees (Table 39). In compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, these rubber trees will be removed.

iii. Structures to be Removed from RoW, SP1

154. A total of 313 houses will be removed from the RoW, including 311 Grade IV structures (e.g. constructed with brick walls and tile roofs) and 2 temporary structures (e.g. constructed with bamboo materials and a thatched roof) (Table 40).

iv. Impact on Crops and Plantations, SP1

155. A total of 45,359 m2 of annual crop land and 67,227 m2 of perennial crop land will be 11 An IOL is a process where all fixed assets (i.e., lands used for residence, commerce, agriculture, including

ponds; dwelling units; stalls and shops; secondary structures, such as fences, tombs, wells; trees with commercial value; etc.) and sources of income and livelihood inside the subproject right-of-way (ROW) are identified, measured, their owners identified, their exact location pinpointed, and their replacement costs calculated. Additionally, the severity of impact to the affected assets and the severity of impact to the livelihood and productive capacity of displaced persons will be determined.

12 With the aid of the approved detailed engineering design, this activity involves the finalization and/or validation of the results of the IOL, severity of impacts, and list of displaced persons. The final cost of resettlement can be determined following completion of the DMS.

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acquired permanently for the tower foundations, and 2,353 rubber trees will be removed. In addition, landuse on a total of 1,624,659 m2 of annual crop land and 1,590,303 of perennial crop land will be affected in the TL RoW in accordance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, including removal of 55,661 perennial rubber trees (Table 41). Annual cropland may also experience temporary adverse impacts during the construction and stringing of the TL towers and modest land use restrictions in compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP.

Table 38: Land to be permanently acquired land for tower foundations, SP1.

Province District/Commune No. of Towers

Land Acquisition (m2) Total (m2) Annual crop land (rice)

Perennial crop land (rubber)

Long An Duc Hoa Hoa Khanh Đong 1 410 410 Hoa Khanh Nam 9 3,649 3,649 Hoa Khanh Tay 7 2,922 2,922 Tan Phu 8 3,881 3,881 Hiep Hoa 7 2,748 2,748 An Ninh Tay 12 4,745 4,745

Duc Hue My Thanh Bac 4 1,884 1,884 My Quy Dong 2 865 865

Tay Ninh Trang Bang Phuoc Chi 17 6,861 6,861 An Hoa 15 5,629 5,629 Gia Binh 9 3,273 3,273 Gia Loc 3 1,889 1,889 Loc Hưng 17 6,603 6,603 Hung Thuan 10 3,821 3,821 Don Thuan 4 2,339 2,339

Binh Dương

Dau Tieng Thanh An 22 10,893 10,893 An Lap 9 4,899 4,899 Long Tan 17 8,539 8,539 Long Hoa 8 3,759 3,759

Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 11 5,854 5,854 Tru Van Tho 23 11,725 11,725

Phu Giao Tan Long 5 2,788 2,788 An Long 16 7,854 7,854

Binh Phuoc

Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 6 4,755 4,775

Total 253 45,359 67,226 112,585 Source: SPPMB and PECC3, 2016.

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Table 39: Affected land by use within the RoW, SP1

Province District/ Commune

Affected Lands in TL RoW

Total Annual crop land (m2)

Perennial crop land Residential land (m2) Area

(m2) Rubber trees

(#)

Long An

Duc Hoa Hoa Khanh Đong 12,553 12,553 Hoa Khanh Nam 147,812 352 148,164 Hoa Khanh Tay 115,798 1,137 116,934 Tan Phu 120,149 7,230 127,379 Hiep Hoa 109,397 60 109,457 An Ninh Tay 195,248 195,248

Duc Hue My Thanh Bac 63,350 231 63,581 My Quy Dong 27,350 1,245 28,594

Tay Ninh

Trang Bang Phuoc Chi 218,930 2,362 221,292 An Hoa 191,128 920 192,048 Gia Binh 110,455 1,275 111,730 Gia Loc 34,729 2,031 36,760 Loc Hưng 211,800 308 212,108 Hung Thuan 49,797 77,047 2,697 771 127,615 Don Thuan 14,953 22,579 790 610 38,142

Go Dau Thanh Phuoc 1,210 4,523 5,733

Binh Dương

Dau Tieng Thanh An 288,570 10,100 3,520 292,090 An Lap 115,208 4,032 115,208 Long Tan 218,974 7,664 2,404 221,378 Long Hoa 95,174 3,331 95,174

Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 145,520 5,093 319 145,839 Tru Van Tho 291,788 10,213 5,998 297,786

Phu Giao Tan Long 62,645 2,193 62,645 An Long 207,652 7,268 523 208,175

Binh Phuoc

Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 65,146 2,280 231 65,377

Total 1,624,659 1,590,303 2,280 36,048 3,251,010 Source: SPPMB and PECC3, 2016.

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Table 40: Number and area of houses to be removed from RoW, SP1.

Province District/Commune Structure Type

Grade IV Houses Temporary Houses No. Floor Area (m2) No. Floor Area (m2)

Long An

Duc Hoa Hoa Khanh Đong Hoa Khanh Nam 11 352 Hoa Khanh Tay 11 1,137 Tan Phu 78 7,230 Hiep Hoa 2 60 An Ninh Tay

Duc Hue My Thanh Bac 3 231 My Quy Dong 15 1,245

Tay Ninh

Trang Bang Phuoc Chi 21 2,362 An Hoa 7 920 Gia Binh 13 1,275 Gia Loc 14 2,031 Loc Hưng 3 308 Hung Thuan 6 771 Don Thuan 7 610

Go Dau Thanh Phuoc 26 4,523

Binh Dương

Dau Tieng Thanh An 29 3,520 An Lap Long Tan 14 2,404 Long Hoa

Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 3 319 Tru Van Tho 42 5,998

Phu Giao Tan Long An Long 7 523

Binh Phuoc

Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 1 231

Total

311 35,988 2 60 Source: SPPMB and PECC3, 2016.

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Table 41: Impacts on crops and trees, SP1.

Province District/ Commune

Permanent Acquisition or Loss, Tower Foundations

Affected Landuse Under RoW

Annual crops (m2)

Perennial crops (m2) Rubber

trees (#) Annual

crops (m2) Perennial crops (m2)

Rubber trees (#

cut)

Long An

Duc Hoa Hoa Khanh Đong 410 12,553 Hoa Khanh Nam 3,649 147,812 Hoa Khanh Tay 2,922 115,798 Tan Phu 3,881 120,149 Hiep Hoa 2,748 109,397 An Ninh Tay 4,745 195,248

Duc Hue My Thanh Bac 1,884 63,350 My Quy Dong 865 27,350

Tay Ninh

Trang Bang Phuoc Chi 6,861 218,930 An Hoa 5,629 191,128 Gia Binh 3,273 110,455 Gia Loc 1,889 34,729 Loc Hưng 6,603 211,800 Hung Thuan 3,821 134 49,797 77,047 2,697 Don Thuan 2,339 82 14,953 22,579 790

Binh Dương

Dau Tieng

1,210 Thanh An 10,893 381 288,570 10,100 An Lap 4,899 171 115,208 4,032 Long Tan 8,539 299 218,974 7,664 Long Hoa 3,759 132 95,174 3,331

Bau Bang Cay Truong 2 5,854 205 145,520 5,093 Tru Van Tho 11,725 410 291,788 10,213

Phu Giao Tan Long 2,788 98 62,645 2,193 An Long 7,854 275 207,652 7,268

Binh Phuoc

Chon Thanh Minh Thanh 4,755 166 65,146 2,280

Total 45,359 67,226 2,353 1,624,659 1,590,303 55,661 Source: SPPMB and PECC3, 2016.

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b) SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

i. Permanent Land Acquisition, SP2

156. A total of 184,621 m² of land (4.1% of the total RoW area) will be permanently acquired for the 240 suspension towers and 51 tension/angle tower foundations, impacting a total of 291 households. The land to be acquired includes 102,682 m2 of rice belong to 161 households, 6,969 m2 of annual crops belonging to 12 households, 57,763 m2 of perennial trees belonging to 85 households, 16,357 m2 of industrial trees (e.g. Melaleuca cajuputi, Eucalyptus spp.) belonging to 29 households, and 850 m2 of residential lots belonging to 4 households (Table 42).

ii. Affected Land in the RoW, SP2

157. There is a total of 4,355,703 m² of crop and residential land within the 34 m RoW on which landuse, as per Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, will be affected (Table 43). The affected lands include rice accounting for 53.4% (2,324,476 m2); annual crops accounting for 3.8% (166,761 m2); fruit trees accounting for 23.2% (1,010,707 m2); industrial trees accounting for 9.9% (429,056 m2); and residential and public lands accounting for 1.2% (53,706 m2) and 8.5% (370,997 m2), respectively.13

iii. Structures to be Removed from RoW, SP2

158. A total of 464 houses will be removed from the RoW, including 360 Grade IV houses with an aggregate floor area of 43,775.5 m2, and 104 temporary structures with an aggregate floor area of 8,130 m2 (Table 44).

159. In addition, a total of 49 secondary structures will also be removed, comprising kitchens with a combined floor area of 689 m2 (including 541 m2 of grade IV kitchens and 148 m2 of temporary kitchens); animal shelters with a combined floor area of 1,771 m2 (including 1,639 m2 of grade IV animal shelters and 132 m2 of temporary animal shelters); temporary farming buildings (141 m2); and Grade IV storage buildings (190 m2).

iv. Impact on Crops and Plantations, SP2

160. A total of 109,651 m2 rice and annual crop land will be acquired permanently for the tower foundations, consisting of 102,682 m2 of rice (93.6%) and 6,969 m2 of annual crops (6.4%) including sugar cane, yam, cassava and pineapple. A total of 57,763 m2 of perennial trees and 16,357 m2 of industrial trees will also be removed (16,358 industrial trees and 3,096 fruit trees).

161. A total of 1,439,763 m2 of industrial and fruit trees within the RoW will be affected, requiring the removal of 185,693 industrial trees and 62,377 fruit trees (including coconut, mango, orange, grapefruit, lemon, durian, guava, and mangosteen) (Table 45).

162. A total of 2,491,237 m2 of crop land in the TL RoW (2,324,476 m2 of rice and 166,761 m2 of other crops) may experience temporary adverse impacts during the construction and stringing of the TL towers and modest land use restrictions in compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP (Table 45).

13 Public lands belong to the State, and they include roadway, bridges, river, channel, etc. Recovery of public

lands for government projects is not subject to compensation.

70

Table 42: Land to be permanently acquired for tower foundations, SP2.

PROVINCE/District/ Commune

Rice Annual crops Fruit trees Industrial trees Residential land Total

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

No. of AHs

Area (m2)

HAU GIANG - - - - 5 6,963 - - - - 5 6,963

Chau Thanh District - - - - 5 6,963 - - - - 5 6,963

Mai Dam - - - - 5 6,963 - - - - 5 6,963

VINH LONG 28 20,988 - - 20 10,903 - - - - 48 31,891

Tra On District - - - - 4 4,776 - - - - 4 4,776

Phu Thanh - - - - 4 4,776 - - - - 4 4,776

Binh Minh District 3 5,503 - - 11 3,156 - - - - 14 8,659

My Hoa - - - - 2 1,293 - - - - 2 1,293

Đông Thành 1 741 - - 1 621 - - - - 2 1,362

Đông Thonh 2 4,762 - - 8 1,242 - - - - 10 6,004

Tam Binh District 17 10,408 - - 4 2,400 - - - - 21 12,808

Ngai Tu 2 1,097 - - 3 1,804 - - - - 5 2,900

Tan Phu 8 4,911 - - 1 596 - - - - 9 5,507

Phu Thinh 7 4,400 - - - - - - 7 4,400

Binh Tan District 8 5,077 - - 1 572 - - - - 9 5,649

My Thuan 2 1,192 - - 1 572 - - - - 3 1,764

Nguyen Van Thanh 6 3,884 - - - - - - 6 3,884

DONG THAP 14 8,950 - - 21 14,732 - - 1 270 36 23,953

Chau Thanh District 14 8,950 - - 21 14,732 - - 1 270 36 23,953

An Khanh 11 7,001 - - 6 3,831 - - 1 270 18 11,102

Tan Nhuan Dong 2 1,303 - - 1 596 - - - - 3 1,899

Phu Huu 1 646 - - 1 646 - - - - 2 1,292

An Nhon - - - - 13 9,659 - - - - 13 9,659

TIEN GIANG 61 35,961 5 3,231 22 15,755 4 2,798 3 580 95 58,324

Cai Be District 35 20,518 - - 21 15,183 - - 1 180 57 35,881

An Huu - - - - 3 3,118 - - - - 3 3,118

Tan Thanh - - - - 4 2,563 - - - - 4 2,563

An Thai Trung - - - - 7 4,363 - - - - 7 4,363

My Loi A 2 1,168 - - 4 3,351 - - 1 180 7 4,699

My Duc Tay 4 2,289 - - 1 596 - - - - 5 2,885

My Tan 7 4,140 - - 1 596 - - - - 8 4,737

My Duc Dong 2 1,192 - - - - - - - - 2 1,192

Thien Trung 6 3,544 - - - - - - - - 6 3,544

Hau My Trinh 14 8,185 - - 1 596 - - - - 15 8,781

Cai Lay District 16 9,609 1 942 1 572 1 994 2 400 21 12,517

My Thanh Bac 5 3,020 1 942 - - - - 1 250 7 4,213

Thanh Loc 5 2,996 - - 1 572 - - - - 6 3,568

Phu Cuong 6 3,593 - - - - 1 994 1 150 8 4,737

Tan Phuoc District 10 5,834 4 2,289 - - 3 1,804 - - 17 9,926

Thanh Hoa 10 5,834 1 548 - - 3 1,804 - - 14 8,186

Thanh Tan - - 3 1,740 - - - - 3 1,740

LONG AN 58 36,783 7 3,738 17 9,410 25 13,560 - - 107 63,491

Tan Thanh District 1 596 - - - - 2 1,144 - - 3 1,740

Tan Hoa 1 596 - - - - 2 1,144 - - 3 1,740

Thanh Hoa District 17 10,238 3 1,539 - - 15 7,939 - - 35 19,716

Thanh An 5 2,924 1 525 - - 9 4,824 - - 15 8,273

Thuy Dong 8 4,953 2 1,014 - - 6 3,115 - - 16 9,082

Tan Tay 4 2,362 - - - - - - 4 2,362

Thu Thua District 21 12,772 - - - - 3 1,765 - - 24 14,536

Long Thạnh 11 6,866 - - - - 1 621 - - 12 7,487

Long Thành 10 5,906 - - - - 2 1,144 - - 12 7,050

Duc Hue District 7 4,428 1 489 14 7,834 3 1,804 - - 25 14,555

Binh Hoa Nam 7 4,428 1 489 14 7,834 3 1,804 - - 25 14,555

Duc Hoa District 12 8,750 3 1,710 3 1,575 2 909 - - 20 12,943

Hoa Khanh Tay 4 3,357 3 1,710 2 1,050 - - - - 9 6,117

Hoa Khanh Nam 7 4,321 - - 1 525 1 525 - - 9 5,371

Hoa Khanh Dong 1 1,072 - - - - 1 383 - - 2 1,455

TOTAL 161 102,682 12 6,969 85 57,763 29 16,357 4 850 291 184,621

Source: IOL data, September-December, 2015, from SPPMB.

71

Table 43: Affected land by use within the RoW, SP2.

PROVINCE/ District/ Commune

Affected Land in TL RoW by Use (m2)

Rice Annual crops

Fruit trees Industrial

trees Residential

land Public land

Total

HAU GIANG PROVINCE - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485

Chau Thanh District - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485

Mai Dam - - 48,457 - 714 31,314 80,485

VINH LONG PROVINCE 496,853 5,406 186,093 3,162 6,887 51,866 750,266

Tra On District - 3,808 53,331 - 1,002 25,076 83,217

Phu Thanh - 3,808 53,331 - 1,002 25,076 83,217

Binh Minh District 117,713 - 43,798 850 3,011 19,226 184,597

My Hoa - - 14,823 - 385 17,295 32,503

Đông Thành 20,645 - 12,231 - 761 837 34,474

Đông Thạnh 97,068 - 16,744 850 1,865 1,094 117,620

Tam Binh District 248,774 1,598 70,700 204 1,501 5,265 328,042

Ngai Tu 50,889 - 41,683 - - 374 92,946

Tan Phu 100,455 - 20,994 - 1,501 2,409 125,359

Phu Thinh 97,430 1,598 8,024 204 - 2,482 109,738

Binh Tan District 130,366 - 18,264 2,108 1,373 2,299 154,410

My Thuan 35,902 - 12,110 - 1,373 803 50,188

Nguyen Van Thanh 94,464 - 6,154 2,108 - 1,496 104,222

DONG THAP PROVINCE 225,932 1,428 223,608 2,802 13,030 54,411 521,210

Chau Thanh District 225,932 1,428 223,608 2,802 13,030 54,411 521,210

An Khanh 170,560 1,428 62,785 1,020 3,139 11,697 250,630

Tan Nhuan Dong 30,650 - 8,924 - 434 1,885 41,893

Phu Huu 24,721 - 16,187 - 407 2,000 43,316

An Nhon - - 135,711 1,782 9,050 38,829 185,372

TIEN GIANG PROVINCE 777,925 44,679 362,105 72,601 25,118 109,591 1,392,018

Cai Be District 394,850 - 336,780 7,548 19,010 63,544 821,732

An Huu - - 26,806 - 2,157 22,833 51,796

Tan Thanh - - 45,442 - 2,702 3,258 51,402

An Thai Trung - - 91,279 - 4,011 4,523 99,813

My Loi A 17,423 - 70,627 2,230 2,503 4,885 97,668

My Duc Tay 37,216 - 32,686 520 1,409 3,450 75,281

My Tan 64,509 - 36,671 1,061 1,196 4,536 107,973

My Duc Dong 21,611 - 3,346 207 779 2,648 28,592

Thien Trung 75,194 - 11,999 2,462 813 8,194 98,660

Hau My Trinh 178,897 - 17,926 1,068 3,440 9,216 210,546

Cai Lay District 249,514 1,942 25,325 13,340 5,344 27,247 322,712

My Thanh Bac 91,438 633 15,827 3,771 1,755 7,875 121,298

Thanh Loc 70,433 - 5,683 510 1,293 8,959 86,878

Phu Cuong 87,644 1,309 3,815 9,060 2,296 10,412 114,535

Tan Phuoc District 133,561 42,737 - 51,713 764 18,801 247,575

Thanh Hoa 133,561 9,119 - 48,112 451 13,227 204,469

Thanh Tan - 33,618 - 3,601 313 5,574 43,106

LONG AN PROVINCE 823,766 115,248 190,444 350,491 7,957 123,816 1,611,723

Tan Thanh District 46,476 7,882 - 21,435 536 4,143 80,472

Tan Hoa 46,476 7,882 - 21,435 536 4,143 80,472

Thanh Hoa District 215,464 72,080 - 220,359 2,914 13,078 523,894

Thanh An 59,072 15,725 - 137,204 992 12,791 225,783

Thuy Dong 114,251 36,364 - 78,459 1,106 287 230,467

Tan Tay 42,141 19,992 - 4,695 816 - 67,644

Thu Thua District 254,598 - 2,785 44,805 1,776 55,985 359,948

Long Thạnh 145,386 - - 12,439 1,108 28,146 187,078

Long Thành 109,212 - 2,785 32,366 668 27,839 172,870

Duc Hue District 149,296 4,880 147,945 51,619 1,800 22,901 378,441

Binh Hoa Nam 149,296 4,880 147,945 51,619 1,800 22,901 378,441

Duc Hoa District 157,933 30,407 39,714 12,273 931 27,710 268,968

Hoa Khanh Tay 57,122 30,407 20,785 1,948 787 13,150 124,198

Hoa Khanh Nam 87,815 - 18,930 8,655 90 12,133 127,622

Hoa Khanh Dong 12,995 - - 1,670 54 2,428 17,148

TOTAL 2,324,476 166,761 1,010,707 429,056 53,706 370,997 4,355,703

Source: IOL data, September-December, 2015, from SPPMB.

72

Table 44: Number and area of houses to be removed from RoW, SP2.

PROVINCE/District/ Commune

Structure Type Total

Grade IV Houses Temporary Houses

No. Floor area (m2) No. Floor area (m2) No. Floor area (m2)

HAU GIANG PROVINCE 6 714 - - 6 714

Chau Thanh District 6 714 - - 6 714

Mai Dam 6 714 - - 6 714

VINH LONG PROVINCE 49 5,319.5 19 1,567 68 6,886.5

Tra On District 7 722 3 280 10 1,002

Phu Thanh 7 722 3 280 10 1,002

Binh Minh District 21 2,380.5 6 630 27 3,010.5

My Hoa 2 225 2 160 4 385

Đông Thành 2 455 2 306 4 761

Đông Thạnh 17 1,700.5 2 164 19 1,864.5

Tam Binh District 12 1,041 7 460 19 1,501

Ngai Tu - - - - - -

Tan Phu 12 1,041 7 460 19 1,501

Phu Thinh - - - - - -

Binh Tan District 9 1,176 3 197 12 1,373

My Thuan 9 1,176 3 197 12 1,373

Nguyen Van Thanh - - - - - -

DONG THAP PROVINCE 100 10,676 26 2,107 126 12,783

Chau Thanh District 100 10,676 26 2,107 126 12,783

An Khanh 26 2,539 12 846 38 3,385

Tan Nhuan Dong 3 278 1 66 4 344

Phu Huu 2 308 2 64 4 372

An Nhon 69 7,551 11 1,131 80 8,682

TIEN GIANG PROVINCE 148 19,636 49 3,929 197 23,565

Cai Be District 98 13,533 49 3,929 147 17,462

An Huu 16 1,726 3 311 19 2,037

Tan Thanh 8 1,593 10 949 18 2,542

An Thai Trung 24 3,561 6 379 30 3,940

My Loi A 11 1,823 10 604 21 2,427

My Duc Tay 8 1,023 5 342 13 1,365

My Tan 6 720 3 176 9 896

My Duc Dong 3 482 2 180 5 662

Thien Trung 4 669 1 90 5 759

Hau My Trinh 18 1,936 9 898 27 2,834

Cai Lay District 42 5,456 - - 42 5,456

My Thanh Bac 13 1,789 - - 13 1,789

Thanh Loc 10 1,221 - - 10 1,221

Phu Cuong 19 2,446 - - 19 2,446

Tan Phuoc District 8 647 - - 8 647

Thanh Hoa 4 334 - - 4 334

Thanh Tan 4 313 - - 4 313

LONG AN PROVINCE 57 7,430 10 527 67 7,957

Tan Thanh District 4 536 - - 4 536

Tan Hoa 4 536 - - 4 536

Thanh Hoa District 21 2,914 - - 21 2,914

Thanh An 9 992 - - 9 992

Thuy Dong 6 1,106 - - 6 1,106

Tan Tay 6 816 - - 6 816

Thu Thua District 10 1,696 1 80 11 1,776

Long Thạnh 6 1,028 1 80 7 1,108

Long Thành 4 668 - - 4 668

Duc Hue District 16 1,622 5 178 21 1,800

Binh Hoa Nam 16 1,622 5 178 21 1,800

Duc Hoa District 6 662 4 269 10 931

Hoa Khanh Tay 5 572 3 215 8 787

Hoa Khanh Nam 1 90 - - 1 90

Hoa Khanh Dong - - 1 54 1 54

TOTAL 360 43,775.5 104 8,130 464 51,905.5

Source: IOL data, September-December, 2015.

73

Table 45: Summary of impacts on trees and crops, SP2.

PROVINCE/District/ Commune

Permanent Acquired for Tower Foundations Affected or Removed under RoW

Paddy (m2)

Annual crops (m2)

Fruit trees

Industrial trees

Paddy (m2)

Annual crops (m2)

Fruit trees

Industrial trees

HAU GIANG PROVINCE - - 209 - - - 1,756 -

Chau Thanh District - - 209 - - - 1,756 -

Mai Dam - - 209 - - - 1,756 -

VINH LONG PROVINCE 20,988 - 439 - 496,853 5,406 19,529 213

Tra On District - - 96 - - 3,808 7,504 -

Phu Thanh - - 96 - - 3,808 7,504 -

Binh Minh District 5,503 - 195 - 117,713 - 2,450 -

My Hoa - - 52 - - - 556 -

Đông Thành 741 - 68 - 20,645 - 927 -

Đông Thạnh 4,762 - 75 - 97,068 - 967 -

Tam Binh District 10,408 - 132 - 248,774 1,598 8,992 204

Ngai Tu 1,097 - 108 - 50,889 - 7,866 -

Tan Phu 4,911 - 24 - 100,455 - 922 -

Phu Thinh 4,400 - - - 97,430 1,598 204 204

Binh Tan District 5,077 - 16 - 130,366 - 583 9

My Thuan 1,192 - 16 - 35,902 - 418 -

Nguyen Van Thanh 3,884 - - - 94,464 - 165 9

DONG THAP PROVINCE 8,950 - 905 - 225,932 1,428 8,537 1,131

Chau Thanh District 8,950 - 905 - 225,932 1,428 8,537 1,131

An Khanh 7,001 - 230 - 170,560 1,428 2,355 1,020

Tan Nhuan Dong 1,303 - 24 - 30,650 - 757 -

Phu Huu 646 - 71 - 24,721 - 354 -

An Nhon - - 580 - - - 5,071 111

TIEN GIANG PROVINCE 35,961 3,231 954 2,798 777,925 44,679 20,750 21,094

Cai Be District 20,518 - 897 - 394,850 - 19,670 541

An Huu - - 187 - - - 1,473 -

Tan Thanh - - 154 - - - 4,233 -

An Thai Trung - - 262 - - - 7,028 -

My Loi A 1,168 - 201 - 17,423 - 3,496 89

My Duc Tay 2,289 - 66 - 37,216 - 1,201 15

My Tan 4,140 - 24 - 64,509 - 1,436 116

My Duc Dong 1,192 - - - 21,611 - 103 52

Thien Trung 3,544 - - - 75,194 - 325 203

Hau My Trinh 8,185 - 3 - 178,897 - 375 66

Cai Lay District 9,609 942 57 994 249,514 1,942 1,080 349

My Thanh Bac 3,020 942 - - 91,438 633 252 65

Thanh Loc 2,996 - 57 - 70,433 - 437 6

Phu Cuong 3,593 - - 994 87,644 1,309 391 278

Tan Phuoc District 5,834 2,289 - 1,804 133,561 42,737 - 21,198

Thanh Hoa 5,834 548 - 1,804 133,561 9,119 - 20,857

Thanh Tan - 1,740 - - - 33,618 - 341

LONG AN PROVINCE 36,783 3,738 589 13,560 823,766 115,248 11,805 162,261

Tan Thanh District 596 - - 1,144 46,476 7,882 - 9,898

Tan Hoa 596 - - 1,144 46,476 7,882 - 9,898

Thanh Hoa District 10,238 1,539 - 7,939 215,464 72,080 - 104,853

Thanh An 2,924 525 - 4,824 59,072 15,725 - 65,753

Thuy Dong 4,953 1,014 - 3,115 114,251 36,364 - 37,211

Tan Tay 2,362 - - - 42,141 19,992 - 1,889

Thu Thua District 12,772 - - 1,765 254,598 - 174 20,042

Long Thạnh 6,866 - - 621 145,386 - - 5,909

Long Thành 5,906 - - 1,144 109,212 - 174 14,133

Duc Hue District 4,428 489 490 1,804 149,296 4,880 9,245 24,906

Binh Hoa Nam 4,428 489 490 1,804 149,296 4,880 9,245 24,906

Duc Hoa District 8,750 1,710 99 908 157,933 30,407 2,386 2,562

Hoa Khanh Tay 3,357 1,710 66 - 57,122 30,407 1,299 974

Hoa Khanh Nam 4,321 - 33 525 87,815 - 1,087 944

Hoa Khanh Dong 1,072 - - 383 12,995 - - 644

TOTAL 102,682 6,969 3,096 16,358 2,324,476 166,761 62,377 185,693

Source: IOL data, September-December, 2015.

74

c) SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS

i. Permanent Land Acquisition, SP3

163. A total of 47,627 m² of land will be permanently acquired for the SS and connecting TL. This will include 44,500 m2 of rubber trees belonging to the Ba Ria Rubber Company at the SS, and 3,127 m2 of mixed agricultural land for construction of tower foundations (Table 47).

Table 46: Land to be permanently acquired for SS and TL tower foundations, and

affected land in the TL RoW, SP3.

No. Item Permanently Acquired Land Area (m2) Landuse

1 SS 44,500 Rubber 2 TL Line 3,127 Mixed Agriculture Total 47,627

Source: Preliminary IOL, 2015.

ii. Structures to be Removed from RoW, SP3

164. A total of 12 households have land that will be affected in the TL RoW, but no houses or structures are within the RoW and require relocation or upgrading (grounding and fire-proofing) to comply with the requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP.

iii. Impact on Crops and Plantations, SP3

165. A total of 44,500.6 m2 of rubber plantation will be removed at the SS site, containing 11,691 rubber trees. In addition, a total of 3,127 m2 of land will be removed for construction of the tower foundations, containing 864 m2 of annual (peanut) crops and 566 rubber trees (Table 48).

166. A total of 65,033 m2 of mixed agricultural land in the TL RoW may experience temporary adverse impacts during the construction and stringing of the TL towers and modest land use restrictions in compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, including removal of 2,933 rubber trees and 2,213 pepper trees (Table 47). Removal of agricultural lands or changes in their landuse will affect a total of 12 households and one commercial enterprise.

Table 47: Impacts on crop land for SS and TL tower foundations, and affected land in the TL

RoW, SP3.

No. Commune Permanent Acquisition Impacts under ROW

Peanut Crops (m2)

Rubber Trees (#)

Pepper Trees (#)

Peanut Crops (m2)

Rubber Trees (#)

Pepper Trees (#)

I. 220 kV TL RoW 864 566 - 7,560 2.933 2,213 1.1 Da Bac 432 - - 6,312 - 1,309 1.2 Binh Ba 432 566 - 1,248 2.933 904 II. 220 kV Chau Duc SS - 11,125 - - - -

2.1 Binh Ba - 11,125 - - - - TOTAL 864 11,691 - 7,560 2.933 2,213

Source: Preliminary IOL, 2015.

75

d) SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS

i. Permanent Land Acquisition, SP4

167. A total of 43,813 m2 of land will be permanently acquired by the subproject, comprising 39,486 m2 for the SS and 4,327 m2 for the tower foundations (Table 48).

ii. Structures within the RoW, SP4

168. A total 6 structures including 4 houses and 2 animal shelters will be affected by the subproject. One house, located at the SS access road, will need to be removed. The remaining 3 houses and 2 animal shelters within the 220 kV connecting TL RoW can remain if upgraded (grounding and fire-proofing) to comply with the requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. However, these structures will be relocated to outside of the RoW as part of the resettlement process.

iii. Impact on Crops and Plantations, SP4

169. The subproject will affect 103,484 m2 of landholdings. Of this 43,813 m2 will be permanently acquired for construction of the SS and TL RoW, including 42,195 m2 of rice crop land (37,868 m2 for the SS and 4,327 m2 for TL tower foundations).

170. Landuse on a total of 59,671 m2 of cropland in the TL RoW will be affected, as per Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. The affected lands include 58,210 m2 of rice crop, 144 fruit trees, and 1,927 m2 of fishpond.

Table 48: Land acquisition and impacts on houses, crops and trees, SP4.

No.

Communes

Impact on Land Impact on Houses Landuse Affected

in RoW

Permanently Acquired Cropland

Permanently Acquired Land

(m2)

Landuse Affected

(m2)

Affected Houses

Removed Houses

Other Structures

Trees (#)

Crops (m2)

Rice (m2)

I 220 kV Connecting TL 4,327 59,671 3 0 2 144 20,342

4,327 1 Thanh Duc commune 1,552 6,368 0 0 0 0 5,427

2 Nhut Chanh commune 2,775 53,303 3 0 2 144 14,914

II 220 kV SS 39,486 0 0 1 0 0 37,868 39,486

2 Nhut Chanh commune 39,486 0 0 1 0 0 37,868

Total 43,813 59,671 3 1 2 144 58,210 43,813

Preliminary IOL, 2015.

e) Summary of Project Siting and Land Acquisition Impacts

171. A summary of the project siting and land acquisition impacts is presented in (Table 49).

76

Table 49: Summary of Project land acquisition and impacts on houses, crops and trees.

Subproject Permanently Acquired Land Permanently

Removed Houses and

Structures (#)

Affected Agricultural

Land within RoW (m2)

Total (m2)

Crop Land (m2)

SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL 112,585 112,585 313 3,214,962

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL 184,621 183,771 464 3,931,000

SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS 47,627 47,627 0 65,033

SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS 43,813 43,813 1 59,671

Total 388,646 387,796 778 7,270,666

2. Temporary Landuse

172. During construction temporary sites will be required at subprojects for access roads for delivery of pre-fabricated steel, equipment, cables, utilities, etc.; stringing of the towers; temporary materials storage; and for other temporary worksites (Table 50). Temporarily affected lands, including access roads for SP1 and SP2, will be restored to their original condition before they are returned to the land owners.

Table 50: Project temporary landuse.

Temporary Landuse by Subproject SP1 - 500 kV Duc

Hoa-Chon Thanh TL SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS

SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS

Temporary roads, (4 m wide): 39,399 m2. Main construction sites (including material storage): 04 sites x 400 m2/site = 1,600 m2. Temporary worksites for construction of foundation and installation of towers: 253 sites x 200 m2/site = 50,600 m2. Temporary worksites for installation of conductor wire and earth wire: 38 sites x 400 m2/site = 15,200 m2.

Temporary roads, 4 m wide): 15,960 m2. Main construction sites (including materials storages): 07 sites x 400 m2/site = 2,800 m2. Temporary worksites for construction of foundation and installation of towers: 289 sites x 200 m2/site = 57,800 m2. Temporary worksites for installation of Insulated wire and ground wire: 41 sites x 400 m2/site = 16,400 m2.

SS: all works will take place within the SS footprint, and no temporary land will be required. Connecting TL: Yard used for casting foundation and erecting towers : 200 m2/site x 2 sites = 400 m2 Temporary worksites for installation of insulated wire and ground wire: 400 m2 Temporary Access roads: none.

SS: all works will take place within the SS footprint, and no temporary land will be required. Connecting TL: Materials storage (yards and warehouse): 594 m2 . Temporary Access roads (1.5 m wide): Tower 2A: 174 m2 Tower 2B: 190.5 m2 Tower 3: 90 m2 Tower 5: 150 m2 Tower 7: 120 m2 Tower 11: 75 m2

Subtotal: 106,800 m2 Subtotal: 92,960 m2 Subtotal: 800 m2 Subtotal: 1,394 m2 Project total temporary landuse: 201,954 m2 (20.20 ha)

77

3. Visual Impacts

173. The creation of TLs can create negative visual sightlines for local residents.

4. Mitigation Measures and Monitoring during Detailed Design

a) Avoiding and Minimizing Siting and Land Acquisition Impacts

174. To avoid and minimize project siting and land acquisition impacts, including visual impacts:

- TL alignments and SS siting have been carefully selected to avoid or minimize impacts on settlements through avoidance to the extent practical. During detailed design, TL alignments and SS siting will be reviewed and further refined, if appropriate, to further minimize impacts.

- TL tower heights have been designed to minimize impacts on crops and tree clearances. During detailed design TL tower heights will be reviewed and further refined, if appropriate, to further minimize impacts.

- TL RoW Vegetation Clearance and Trimming Plans (VCTPs) will be developed in strict accordance with the requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP and in consultation with concerned government authorities (see para 184, CEMP, below).

b) Compensating for Siting and Land Acquisition Impacts

175. For those impacts that cannot be avoided, compensation for loss of land, crops and structures will be undertaken through a series of Resettlement Plans (RPs). The RPs were prepared by PECC2 and PECC3, in accordance with the Land Law (2013) and current decrees, circulars, and decisions on compensation and resettlement; and ADB’s 2009 Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) guided by Operations Manual on Involuntary Resettlement (OM Section F1/OP, on 3 March 2013).14 Principles adopted in the RP development include:

- NPT will cooperate closely with the local Compensation Councils to implement the RPs.

- Affected persons will be informed in advance on project implementation, will participate in the IOL, and will be consulted during the compensation process.

- The compensation process will be implemented clearly, openly and fairly in compliance with legal regulations.

- The budget for compensation will be sufficient and readily available.

176. To compensate for temporary land use impacts, the civil works contactors will:

- Pay for any damaged crops or income loss arising from the temporary use of their lands.

- Restore temporarily affected lands to their original condition before they are returned to the land owners. NPT will ensure that this condition is stipulated in the contract of the subproject contractors.

177. RPs were developed on a provincial basis – e.g., one RP for each province a 14 Note: Decree No. 38/2013/ND-CP provides that in case of “discrepancy between any provision in an

international treaty on Official Development Assistance (ODA), to which the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam is a signatory, and the Vietnamese Law, the provision in the international treaty on ODA shall take precedence” (Article 46, Item 1, Article 38/2013/ND-CP).

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subproject is active in. The following RPs were thus developed:

Subproject Corresponding RPs SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL SP1 Long An Province RP

SP1 Tay Ninh Province RP SP1 Binh Duong Province RP SP1 Binh Phuoc Province RP

SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

SP2 Hau Giang Province RP SP2 Vinh Long Province RP SP2 Dong Thap Province RP SP2 Tien Giang Province RP SP2 Long An Province RP

SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS

SP3 Ba Rịa–Vung Tau Province RP

SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS

SP4 Long An Province RP

178. The RPs were disclosed at the district level in each province in June 2016.

c) Revegetation

179. During detailed design subproject Revegetation Plans will be developed focusing on replanting TL RoW areas where rubber and other trees have been removed in compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP (see Section V.B (Construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures), below).

d) Temporary Landuse Impacts

180. To minimize and compensate for impacts from temporary landuse:

- The PIC and subproject contractors will identify appropriate subproject temporary sites prior to ground preparation, in consultation with local authorities and APs.

- The contractor and AP will agree on land rental rates and compensation for damage to crops (if relevant) prior to use of temporary lands.

- TL construction will be undertaken in a phased, section by section approach, to minimize the time required for temporary land use.

- When construction is complete contractors will restore temporary sites to preconstruction conditions utilizing leveling or grading and crop or native species as appropriate.

e) Building Safety in and Adjacent to RoWs

181. To ensure the safety of buildings remaining within 220 kV connecting TL RoWs or adjacent to 220 or 500 kV RoWs, all houses and structures requiring grounding, fire protection or other upgrades to comply with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP will be identified, and a detailed schedule for upgrading will be developed to ensure timely completion.

f) IEE and EMP Updating

182. The IEE and EMP will be updated as required to take into account any design changes or new information. The environmental mitigation measures indicated in the updated IEE, the EMP and the domestic subproject EIAs will be incorporated into the detailed design. ADB will review and approve any revisions to the IEE and EMP.

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g) Bidding Documents and Contracts

183. Environmental mitigation measures indicated in the updated IEE, the EMP and the domestic subproject EIAs will be included in contractor’s bidding documents, technical specifications, and contracts for civil constructions and equipment installations. All contractors will be required to strictly comply with the EMP.

h) Development of Subproject Contractor Environmental Management Plans (CEMPs)

184. Contractors will develop subproject Contractor Environmental Management Plans (CEMPs) that outline the manner by which they will comply with the requirements of the IEE and EMP. This will include appointment of a lead focal point for environmental issues (e.g. Chief Site Engineer), and the development of the various subproject environmental management subplans to be implemented in the construction phase, including but not limited to:

- Subproject Erosion and Stormwater Control Plans (ESCPs) - Subproject Air Pollution Control Plans (APCPs) - Subproject Wastewater Management Plans (WWMPs) - Subproject Noise Management Plans (NMPs) - Subproject Solid Waste Management Plans (SWMPs) - Subproject Hazardous Materials Management Plans (HMMPs) - Subproject Vegetation Clearance and Trimming Plans (VCTPs) - Subproject Revegetation Plans (RPs) - Subproject Traffic Control Plans (TCPs) - Subproject Occupational Health and Safety Plans (OHSPs) - Subproject Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) - Subproject Community Health and Safety Plans (CHSPs) - Subproject Worker Recruitment and Housing Plans (WRHPs). - Subproject Schedule for Upgrading Buildings in 220 kV connecting TL RoWs or

adjacent to 220 or 500 kV RoWs

185. Each of the above subplans or activities is further described in Section V.B (Construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures), below.

186. The CEMP will be reviewed by the PMO ESU safeguards specialists in consultation with relevant local authorities, and approved by the PMO ESU safeguards specialists.

i) Grievance Redress Mechanism

187. In accordance with the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) presented in Chapter VIII of the IEE, the PMO ESU safeguards specialists will be assigned overall responsibility for the GRM; GRM training will be provided for PMO members and GRM access points; the PMO ESU will issue public notices to inform the public within the project area of the GRM; and contact information (phone number, fax, address, email address) for the PMO and local entry points (e.g. contractors, commune PCs) will be disseminated at construction and other sites.

j) Training and Capacity Building

188. An institutional strengthening and training program will be delivered by PIC environmental specialist and experts (see Table EMP-1 in EMP, Appendix I). The program will include the development of construction and operation phase EHS plans for each component. The training will focus on ADB’s and Viet Nam’s environmental, health

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and safety laws, regulations and policies; implementation of the EMP, including chance find procedures for PCRs, spill prevention and management, etc.; and the GRM. Training will be provided to the IA, relevant PMO staff, and subproject contractors.

189. The IA shall ensure that the training and capabilities of contractor’s site staff are adequate to carry out the designated tasks. No operator shall be permitted to operate critical mechanical equipment without having proper certification.

k) Consultation and Outreach

190. Information disclosure and consultation activities will be continued with affected people and other interested stakeholders, including but not limited to:

- Subproject implementation schedules - Status of compensation and resettlement - Permitted and non-permitted activities within TL RoWs.

l) UXO Screening and Clearance

191. Subproject sites will be screened in detail for UXO, and UXO clearance plans will be developed and implemented by the Military Command Committees of the various provinces which the TL passes through or in which the SSs are located (See Section V.B).

B. Anticipated Construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures

192. Potential negative construction phase environmental impacts are short-term and localized, and are associated with soil erosion, construction noise, fugitive dust, wastewater, solid and hazardous waste, disruption of traffic and community services, risks to worker health and safety, and UXO.

1. Impacts on Physical Resources

a) Erosion, Borrow and Spoil

Potential Impacts

193. Construction activities such as land leveling, excavation and filling may lead to surface erosion and runoff and the generation of spoil. The most vulnerable soil erosion areas include excavation sites, leveling sites, borrow and spoil sites, temporary construction sites, and other areas where surface soil is disturbed. Soil erosion can be more serious on slopes or near water bodies. Soil erosion can also occur after the completion of construction if site restoration is inadequate.

Mitigation Measures

194. These impacts can be effectively mitigated through subproject Erosion and Stormwater Control Plans (ESCPs) incorporating good erosion control and site maintenance practices:

- Construction should be limited to project sites (e.g. tower or SS locations) where possible. If temporary construction sites are required they should be located a minimum of 500 m from residential areas, 100 m from water bodies, and should be cited with approval of the local commune and the landowner.

- At each construction site the potential for storm water runoff will be assessed and

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appropriate storm water drainage systems to minimize soil erosion will be implemented, including perimeter bunds and if appropriate temporary settling ponds to control topsoil runoff.

- Protective berms, or plastic sheet fencing will be placed between all earthworks and adjacent surface waters.

- Land excavation and filling will be balanced to the extent possible to minimize the requirement for fill and generation of spoil.

- During earthworks the area of soil exposed to potential erosion at any one time will be minimized through good project and construction management.

- Earthworks will be conducted during low or no rainfall periods. - Depressions with standing water suitable for disease vector breeding will be filled in. - Borrow pits will be prevented from filling with water by pumping to land infiltration or

nearby water courses as required. - Borrow pits, spoil pits, and temporary borrow and spoil storage area locations will be

identified in cooperation with local environmental authorities. Pits and storage area will be on stable slopes, located as close to the construction site as practical, and not be adjacent to surface waters or culturally or ecologically sensitive areas.

- Spoil will be reused on-site as fill to the maximum extent feasible. - Excess spoil that cannot be used on-site will be transported to permanent spoil

disposal sites identified in consultation with local authorities. - Suspected contaminated soil will be tested, and contaminated spoil will be handled,

transported, treated (if necessary), and disposed in designated sites in accordance with GoV regulations. Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil will be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity.

- Disturbed surfaces including spoil pits and temporary storage areas will be restored to pre-construction conditions as soon as possible.

b) Air Pollution

Potential Impacts

195. Anticipated sources of air pollution from subproject construction activities include: (i) dust generated from earth excavation, filling, loading, hauling and unloading; (ii) dust generated from disturbed and uncovered construction areas, especially on windy days; (iii) dust generated from construction material storage areas, especially on windy days; (iv) dust generated by the movement of vehicles and heavy machinery on unpaved access and haul roads; (v) dust generated from aggregate preparation and concrete-mixing; and (vi) emissions from construction vehicles (gaseous CO and NO2) and heavy diesel machinery and equipment.

196. Impacts at TL tower construction sites will be localized and short-term; for example, earthworks are expected to take 12 days per tower. Impacts at SS sites will be localized and medium-term in duration (12 to 24 months). Impacts of vehicle emissions along access routes will be medium term during the construction period, but will be negligible compared to other vehicle emissions.

Mitigation Measures

197. These impacts can be effectively mitigated through subproject Air Pollution Control Plans (APCPs) incorporating good site and equipment management practices:

- Water will be sprayed on active construction sites including where fugitive dust is being generated on a daily basis, and more frequently during windy days.

- At construction sites near houses or settlements, all construction piles (spoil, aggregate other construction materials) with the potential to generate dust will be

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covered and/or regularly watered. - Construction and material handling activities will be limited or halted during periods of

high winds if nuisance dusts are being generated. - Asphalt or bitumen production areas will be located away from sensitive receptors. - Construction waste will be properly managed (see Solid Waste Management Plans,

below). - Transport vehicles will be limited to low speeds in construction sites. - Transport loads will be covered to avoid spillage or fugitive dust generation. Fine

materials will be transported in fully contained trucks. - Construction site roads will be well maintained, and watered on an as-needed basis. - Transport routes will avoid residential neighborhoods and other sensitive areas to the

maximum extent practical (see Traffic Control Plans, below) - Contractors will ensure that all vehicles and construction machinery are appropriately

certified with respect to relevant GoV regulations including QCVN 04:2009/BGTVT and QCVN 05:2009/BGTVT.

- Vehicles and construction machineries will be maintained to a high standard (to be done off-site if possible) to ensure efficient operation.

- Waste incineration at or near construction sites is strictly prohibited.

c) Wastewater

Potential Impacts

198. Inappropriate disposal of domestic wastewater (from construction workers or worker camps) or construction wastewater (from drainage of excavation and drilling, washing aggregates, washing construction equipment and vehicles, pouring and curing concrete, and oil-containing wastewater from machinery repairs) may cause soil or groundwater resources contamination. These impacts will be localized to the construction sites, and will be short-term (for TL towers) to medium term (SS sites).

Mitigation Measures

199. In addition to measures described above in subproject Erosion and Stormwater Control Plans (ESCPs), these impacts can be effectively mitigated through subproject good practice management Wastewater Management Plans (WWMPs):

- Construction wastewater will be directed to temporary detention and settling pits at each tower foundation site and at the SS sites, located away from surface waters and sized to the needs of each site.

- Maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles will not be allowed on site so as to reduce wastewater generation.

200. Worker camp wastewater management measures are described below in Worker Recruitment and Housing Plans (WRHPs) (paras. 226 and 227).

d) Noise

Potential Impacts

201. During the construction phase noise and vibration will be generated by on site construction activities using heavy equipment such as bulldozers, excavators and cranes, and by the transport of construction materials. Most TL subproject construction sites are in rural agricultural non-residential areas where noise is not expected to significantly impact sensitive receptors such as residences, schools and clinics. In the worst case situation (SP2) the nearest residence is 30 m from a tower foundation. Noise dispersion

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calculations in the SP2 EIA indicate that the maximum noise generated by machinery and equipment is predicted to be 67.98 dBA at the residence, which is in compliance with the relevant GoV noise standard of 70 dBA (QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT), though it does exceed the WHO guidelines of 55 dBA in the daytime, and 45 dBA in the nighttime. Similarly, SP1 is located away from residential areas, with the nearest sensitive receptor being more than 100 m from a construction area, and with the majority of sites being well away from residential areas. The SS subprojects are also located away from settlement areas, with sensitive receptors (a few scattered houses) at least 50 m from the SS boundary in the case of SP3 or at least 500 m from the SS boundary for SP4.

202. Overall, noise and vibration impacts at TL tower construction sites will be localized, short-term in duration and low in significance; impacts at SS sites will be localized, medium-term in duration (12 to 24 months) and low in significance.

Mitigation Measures

203. Although noise impacts are not expected to be significant, subproject Noise Management Plans (NMPs) incorporating good construction noise management measures will none the less be put in place.

- Construction activities at SS sites and other sites within 100 m of sensitive receptors, such as residential communities, schools and hospitals, will be restricted to between the hours of 07:00 and 17:00 to the extent. Construction activities will be prohibited during the nighttime (22:00 h to 07:00 h), other than activities involving cutting the power to existing TLs, which will be scheduled to occur during low use times such as between 24:00 and 06:00 so as to minimize power disruption impacts.

- Temporary noise barriers and other sound mismanagement minimization procedures will be utilized if monitoring indicates sound impacts on sensitive receptors.

- TL construction will be undertaken in a phased, section by section approach, to minimize noise duration periods in any one area.

- Equipment and machinery will be equipped with mufflers in accordance with relevant GoV regulations, and will be properly maintained to minimize noise.

- Machines in intermittent use will be shut down in the intervening periods between work or throttled down to a minimum.

- Transportation routes and delivery schedules will be planned during detailed design to avoid densely populated and sensitive areas and high traffic times (see Traffic Control Plans, below).

- Vehicles transporting construction materials or wastes will slow down and not use their horn when passing through or nearby sensitive receptors.

- Noise personnel protective equipment (PPE) will be provided to workers as described below (para 220).

e) Solid Waste – Domestic

Potential Impacts

204. Solid waste generated in the construction phase will include construction and domestic waste. Construction wastes include fill, various building materials such as steel, timbers, rubble, and other types of waste. Domestic wastes include organic and inorganic matter, and an estimated 0.4 kg/day per worker of domestic waste will be generated. Inappropriate waste storage and disposal could affect soil, groundwater, and surface water resources, and hence, public health and sanitation.

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Mitigation Measures

205. These impacts can be effectively mitigated through good practices subproject Solid Waste Management Plans (SWMPs):

- Wastes will be reused or recycled to the extent possible. Waste construction material such as residual concrete, bricks, etc., will be used for backfill at the sites.

- Domestic waste containers will be provided at all work sites. Domestic waste will be collected on a regular basis by a licensed waste collection company and transported for, in order of preference, reuse, recycling, or disposal at a licensed landfill, in accordance with relevant GoV regulations and requirements. Littering by workers is prohibited.

- Construction waste dumpsters will be provided at all work sites. Construction waste will be collected on a regular basis by a licensed waste collection company and transported for recycling, reuse, or disposal at a licensed landfill, in accordance with relevant GoV regulations and requirements.

- Excavated soil will be backfilled onsite to the extent possible. Excess spoil that cannot be used on-site will be transported to an approved spoil disposal site.

- Waste incineration at or near construction sites is strictly prohibited. - There will be no final waste disposal on site. Contractors will be held responsible for

proper removal and disposal of any significant residual materials, wastes, and contaminated soils that remain on site after construction.

f) Hazardous and Polluting Materials

Potential Impacts

206. Inappropriate transportation, storage, use, disposal and spills of petroleum products and hazardous materials and wastes can cause soil, surface and groundwater contamination.

Mitigation Measures

207. These impacts can be effectively mitigated through good practice subproject Hazardous Materials Management Plans (HMMPs) developed in accordance with Circular No. 12/2011/TT-BTNMT (April 14, 2011) on hazardous waste management and other relevant GoV regulations:

- Wherever possible, hazardous materials will be substituted by nonhazardous materials.

- A register of all activities that involve the handling of potentially hazardous substances will be developed for each subproject, including protocols for the storage, handling and spill response and posting of material safety data sheet (MSDSs). This will include all fuels, oils, grease, lubricants, and other chemicals.

- Storage facilities for fuels, oil, chemicals and other hazardous materials will be within secured areas on impermeable surfaces provided with dikes and capable of holding 110% of volume in the event of a spill, and located at least 300 m from drainage structures, important water bodies and other sensitive receptors.

- Separate storage facilities will be provided for hazardous wastes. Wastes will be stored in appropriate ventilated plastic bins on impermeable surfaces provided with dikes, and at least 300 m from drainage structures, important water bodies and other sensitive receptors.

- Environmental service companies certified by the MoNRE will be hired to collect, transport, and dispose of unused hazardous materials and wastes.

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- Spill response procedures will be developed (including provision of absorbents at hazardous materials storage facilities), and all spills will cleaned immediately.

- Vehicles and equipment will be properly maintained and refueled either off-site in local garages or other similar facilities (preferred option), or in designated service areas on impermeable surfaces provided with oil traps, at least 300 m from drainage structures and important water bodies. Washing or repair of machinery in or near surface waters is prohibited.

2. Impacts on Ecological Resources

a) Flora

Potential Impacts

208. Surveys indicate that there is no critical habitat, rare or endangered flora and fauna or areas of natural forest in the TL RoWs or SS sites. Therefore construction activities, including vegetation clearance, are not expected to have any significant impact on these resources, and no mitigation measures are required.

b) Parks and Protected Areas

Potential Impacts

209. Surveys indicate that there are no nature reserves, protection forest, or parks or potted areas in the vicinity of the TL RoWs or SS sites. Therefore construction activities, including vegetation clearance, are not expected to have any significant impact on these resources, and no mitigation measures are required.

c) Vegetation Clearance

210. Permanent vegetation clearance will be undertaken at the SS and TL tower sites, and vegetation trimming or removal will be undertaken in the TL RoWs in compliance with the safety clearance requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP.

Potential Impacts

211. As noted above, vegetation clearance is not expected to have an impact on critical habitat, rare or endangered flora and fauna, natural forest, or nature reserves, parks and protected areas. However, vegetation clearing will have an economic impact on land holders, and should be minimized to only the extent required. In addition, poor vegetation clearance practices have the potential to result in erosion and soil contamination from the inappropriate use of herbicides, and may also result in forest fires.

Mitigation Measures

212. To minimize potential impacts from vegetation clearance, Vegetation Clearance and Trimming Plans (VCTPs) developed during detailed design will be implemented:

- Local residents and authorities will be informed and consulted about proposed vegetation clearance activities and schedule in each area prior to commencement of activities.

- Vegetation clearance at SS sites will be strictly limited to the construction sites, temporary areas and access roads.

- Vegetation trimming and tree clearance in TL RoWs will be strictly limited to comply with the safety requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. Trees that don’t need to be

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removed will be appropriately demarcated. - Mechanical methods of vegetation clearance will be restricted to SS and TL tower

foundation sites; hand clearance methods will be used in the TL RoWs. - The use of herbicides for vegetation clearance is strictly prohibited. - Construction and vegetation clearance activities will be scheduled to avoid key

agricultural times such as harvesting to the extent possible. - Upon completion of vegetation clearance and construction, local residents and

authorities will be informed and consulted on allowable land use activities within the RoW.

- Contractors will develop fire response procedures including actions to take in the event of a fire (both fires response and informing relevant local authorities) and provide appropriate firefighting tools, equipment and training to workers.

- In the event of a fire, work will be immediately stopped and the fire response protocol will be put in place. The IA will be responsible for all costs related to fire response.

213. In addition, subproject Revegetation Plans (RPs) developed in detailed design will be implemented:

- TL RoW areas where rubber and other trees have been removed in compliance with Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, and that are not converted to an acceptable form of agriculture, will be replanted.

- RPs will be developed in consultation with land owners and the relevant provincial DoNREs.

- Emphasis will be on planting hardy native species that are unlikely to result in safety issues. It is anticipated that a 3:1 replanting ratio will be adopted (replanting 3 trees for every one removed).

- RPs will include greening of SS perimeter areas.

3. Impacts on Socio-Economic Resources

a) Traffic, Road and Waterway Impacts

Potential Impacts

214. Project construction has the potential to cause impacts on traffic, roads and waterways:

- Transport of construction materials and goods can result in congestion and potential safety risks.

- Transportation of heavy equipment and loads may cause damage to roads, including surface damage and subsidence.

- Stringing of TL conductors may cause significant but temporary disruption to both road traffic and waterway traffic including ships and barges.

215. This potential impact can occur in all 4 subprojects, though impacts for the TL subprojects are distributed along the TL alignments, while impacts for the SS subprojects are localized to the SS sites. In addition, waterway impacts are only applicable to the TL subprojects.

Mitigation Measures

216. To mitigate potential impacts on traffic, roads and waterways, subproject Traffic Control Plans (TCPs) developed during detailed design will be implemented:

Traffic Safety and Congestion

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- Transportation routes and delivery schedules will be planned in consultation with relevant road management authorities to avoid densely populated areas, sensitive receptors such as residential communities, schools and hospitals; and high traffic times.

- Speed limits suitable for the size and type of construction vehicles, and current traffic patterns will be developed, posted, and enforced on all roads used by construction vehicles.

- Construction site speed limits will be developed, posted, and enforced. - Temporary storage of materials is not permitted in high traffic areas. - Any required traffic detours will have adequate information and warning signs and

flag persons. - When stringing and stretching conductors across roads good practice will be used to

minimize impacts, including: - Only contractors experienced in the installation of TLs will be utilized. - Workers will be fully briefed in advance as to planned activities. - Advance approval will be sought from relevant road management authorities. - Affected residents and business will be informed and consulted in advance. - Warning signs and cones will be installed along roads to protect workers and

people in the neighborhood. Safety flags and flag persons will be used if appropriate.

- Traffic will be delayed or diverted as appropriate to ensure safety and minimize disruption.

- Scaffolding or other structures will be used to support conductors and minimize traffic disruptions.

Impacts on Roads

- Loads will be in compliance with vehicle capacities and relevant road regulations, particularly with respect to large or heavy loads.

- Loose truck loads will be covered. - Contractors will be responsible for repairing any roads damage that may occur.

Impacts on Waterway Traffic:

- When stringing and stretching conductors across waterways good practice will be used to minimize impacts, including:

- Only contractors experienced in the installation of TL will be utilized. - Workers will be fully briefed in advance as to planned activities. - Contractors will have access to necessary watercraft. - Approval will be sought in advance from relevant waterway management

authorities. - Affected residents and business will be informed and consulted in advance. - Warning signs and cones will be installed along waterways to protect workers

and people in the neighborhood. Safety flags will be used if appropriate. - Water traffic will be delayed or diverted as appropriate to ensure safety and

minimize disruption. - Scaffolding or other structures will be used to support conductors and

minimize shipping and boating disruptions.

b) Disturbance of Power Infrastructure

Potential Impacts

217. The two TL subproject (SP1 and SP2) alignments will cross a number of existing 220 and 500 kV TLs, and during construction power will need to be temporarily cut to these existing TLs. For example, the SP2 TL crosses the 220 kV Cai Lay-Cao Lanh TL, 220 kV Cai Lay-Tra Noc TL, 500 kV Nha Be - O Mon TL, 110 kV Vinh Long-Sa Dec TL, and the

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110 kV My Thuan-Cao Lanh TL. Power interruptions may negatively affect the regional or local power supply.

Mitigation Measures

218. To minimize construction impacts on existing TLs:

- Construction activities will be carefully scheduled in a phased approach such that existing TL power interruptions are no more than 24 hours in duration, and if possible occur during low use times such as between 24:00 and 06:00.

- When implementing power cuts the IA will notify and have advance approval of the South Regional Load Dispatch Centre (SRLDC A2). The SRLDC A2 will regulate power distribution to minimize power supply interruptions for the affected regions during the outages (interruptions are expected to be less than one day).

c) Worker Occupational Health and Safety

Potential Impacts

219. TL and SS construction may cause physical hazards to workers from electrical shocks, noise and vibration, dust, handling heavy materials and equipment, traffic, falls and falling objects, work on slippery surfaces, fire hazards, chemical hazards such as toxic fumes and vapors, disease, and others. These health and safety hazards pose a significant risk that will be present throughout the project construction period.

Mitigation Measures

220. To minimize health and safety risks contractors will implement subproject Occupational Health and Safety Plans (OHSPs) and subproject Emergency Response Plans (ERPs), developed during detailed design in compliance with IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007) and relevant GoV regulations for electric power transmission and distribution including Decree 14/2014/ND-CP and MOLISA workplace regulations (Section II.A.4, above).

Occupational Health and Safety Plan - All workers will receive a health assessment by a competent medical practitioner and

be deemed sufficiently healthy to undertake their job before commencing hazardous site activities.

- Electrical safety risks will be assessed and safety protocols developed. - All workers will be equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE),

including hard hats, insulating and/or fire resistant clothes, appropriate grounding, hot line and uninsulated tools, safety gloves, safety goggles, fall protection system including safety belts and other climbing gear (for work at heights), ear protection, etc. PPE will be maintained and replaced as necessary.

- All construction equipment, tools, climbing gear, etc., will be inspected before use to ensure proper and safe operation (at least every 6 months for climbing safety gear).

- All work at height will be prohibited during non-daylight hours, during periods of fog, and during periods of strong wind above Class V on the Beaurfort Wind Scale15.

- All workers climbing towers will have a Class 3 Safety Certificate16 or above, will 15 The Beaufort Wind Scale is an empirical measure with 12 wind speed classes. Winds above Class V are

higher than 10.8 m/sec. 16 Electric Safety Classification is regulated in Circular 31/2014/TT-BCT (2014). The Circular stipulates five

Safety Classifications (1 to 5), with 5 being the highest. A Class 3 Safety Certificate designates a worker

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wear appropriate safety belts, and will be secured to the tower. - During excavation of tower or SS foundations, slopes will be maintained at safe

angles to avoid risk of collapse. - Transport loads will be secured and/or covered in compliance with GoV

transportation safety regulations. - All relevant safety regulation will be strictly enforced when transporting, working with,

installing, testing and operating electrical equipment. - When testing electrical equipment, all unrelated works in the danger zone will be

stopped and unrelated workers will leave the danger zone. - All towers, steel structures and equipment will be appropriately earthed and equipped

with lightning protection. - Construction sites will be equipped with adequate potable water and temporary

sanitation facilities. - An OHS manual will be prepared and disseminated to workers, and training will be

provided to workers in all aspects of the OHS plan prior to the start of construction and on a regular basis (e.g. monthly).

Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

- Fires emergency response procedures, including communication systems and protocols for interaction with local and regional emergency response providers, protocols for shutting down power, firefighting response procedures, provision of appropriate firefighting equipment, training for workers on fire response, and record keeping.

- Medical emergency response procedures covering both workers and community members (when affected by project related activities), including communication systems and protocols for interaction with local and regional emergency response providers, first aid equipment on site, contact information for the nearest ambulance and medical facilities, training for workers on initial on-site emerge response, protocols for informing and transferring injured workers to local or provincial health centers, and record keeping. At least one trained first-aid worker will be available at each construction site.

- An ERP manual will be prepared and disseminated to workers, and regular training will be provided to workers in all aspects of the ERP.

221. One or more of the PMO ESU safeguards specialists will be assigned responsibility for health and safety, and will be responsible for reviewing and approving contractor subproject OHSPs and ERPs. The PMO will ensure the requirement to develop these plans is incorporated into contract documents.

d) Community Health and Safety

Potential Impacts

222. Project construction has the potential to cause community disturbance such as traffic congestion or delays, and public safety risks from construction activities, heavy vehicles and machinery traffic, fires, spills of materials, and risk associated with unauthorized entry into work areas. In addition, workers camps and an influx of migrant workers may cause social conflict or even lead to the spread of disease.

capable of working in the field, and is given to workers/technicians who: 1) pass 80% of the training; 2) have knowledge of the proper use of PPE; 3) master the method to extract an electrocuted victim from the power source; 4) can provide first aid to an electrocuted victim; 5) is able to determine unsafe practices; and 6) is able to supervise electric workers working at height and near electric equipment.

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223. These impacts are low to moderate in significance, and medium term in duration during each subproject construction phase (about 24 - 36 months).

Mitigation Measures

224. To mitigate these potential impacts, in addition to TCPs and ERP plans described above, subproject Community Health and Safety Plans (CHSPs) developed during detailed design by each contractor in close consultation with potentially affected communities and local authorities will be implemented. The PMO will ensure these requirements are incorporated into contract documents.

225. The CHSPs will include:

- Outreach to local communities to disseminate knowledge about safety at or near SSs and TL RoW construction sites.

- Although no blasting is anticipated at any subproject, if required, blasting will be undertaken in accordance with relevant GoV regulations. Advance notice to be given to affected residents.

- Site safety barriers, fencing and warning signs (in Vietnamese language), and on site supervision personal (including night guards), as determined by the risk, to prevent unauthorized access to construction areas.

- Warning signs at the bases of all transmission towers and at SS perimeter fences. - Installation of lightning protection systems in all towers.

226. Each contractor will also develop subproject Worker Recruitment and Housing Plans (WRHPs). With respect to the recruitment of workers:

- Workers will be locally recruited to the extent practical. - Workers will receive health examinations and education on Sexually Transmitted

Diseases (STDs).

227. With respect to the housing of workers and worker camps:

- Worker camps will be avoided where possible, and contractors will arrange for workers to stay in locally rented house that are equipped with power, water supply, cooking facilities and adequate sanitation facilities (at minimum, pit latrines that are not located near wells or surface waters).

- Where worker camps are required (e.g. in remote TL sections), camps will be equipped with:

- Appropriate site drainage. - Adequate housing. - Adequate potable water supply. - Adequate solid waste management, including solid waste bins that are

emptied on a regular basis, with wastes directed to an approved solid waste disposal facility.

- Adequate sanitation facilities, either pit latrines or portable toilets, including separate facilities for men and women. Pit latrines will be decommissioned upon completion of construction, and pit latrines and portable toilets will be pumped out by a qualified service provider on an as needed basis.

- Wastewater from canteens will be discharged to a settling pit located away from surface water sources, and the settling pit will be restored to preconstruction conditions when construction is complete.

- Weapons will not be allowed. - Camps will be fully restored to preexisting condition upon completion of

construction.

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e) Physical Culture Resources

Potential Impacts

228. Based on field surveys there are no known PCRs at or near the subproject sites. However, construction activities have the potential to disturb as yet unknown PCRs.

Mitigation Measures

229. A construction phase chance find procedure will be established and activated if any chance finds of PCRs are encountered:

- construction activities will be immediately suspended if any PCRs are encountered; - destroying, damaging, defacing, or concealing PCRs will be strictly prohibited in

accordance with Vietnamese regulations; - the local Cultural Heritage Bureau will be promptly informed and consulted; and, - construction activities will resume only after thorough investigation and with the

permission of the local Cultural Heritage Bureau.

f) UXO

Potential Impacts

230. In the subproject areas there is a risk that UXO may exist on or buried beneath the ground surface, posing a significant risk to the health of workers.

Mitigation Measures

231. It is a legal requirement prior to construction to clear UXO by specialized military units to ensure the safety of construction workers. The IA will coordinate with the Military Command Committees of the various provinces which the TL passes through or in which the SSs are located to undertake UXO clearance in each subproject site. UXO clearance will include surveys and explosive detection, removal, transport and destruction in accordance with TCVN 4586-1997, issued by Explosive Engineering Command Ministry, and other relevant GoV regulations. During this process warning signs will be erected to warn local residents.

232. The areas to undergo UXO clearance are summarized in Table 51.

Table 51: Land area to undergo UXO clearance, by subproject.

Subproject SS Area (ha) TL Area (ha) Total Area (ha) SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL 352.9 352.9 SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL 453.8 453.8 SP3 - 220 kV Chau Duc SS 4.45 6.9 11.35 SP4 - 220 kV Ben Luc SS 3.95 6.4 10.35

C. Anticipated Operation Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures

233. Potential negative impacts during the operation phase include risks to worker health and safety, risks to community health and safety, hazardous wastes, emergency situations, and impacts from RoW vegetation maintenance. These impacts may be

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effectively mitigated through good operational management practices. Once the responsibility for subproject operation is turned over to PTC4, all matters related to the operation and maintenance of the SS and TLs will be the responsibility of PTC4, including compliance with environment, health, and safety measures.

1. Occupational Health and Safety

Potential Impacts

234. OHS issues inherent to the operation of the TLs and SSs include:

Exposure to high voltage systems: workers may come in contact with high-voltage power lines/equipment during operation, maintenance and repair.

Working at height: accidents may occur when working at height.

Exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF): Workers repairing and maintaining TLs and SSs typically have higher exposure to EMF than community members due to working in close proximity to electric power equipment.

235. Other hazards include lightening, fires, and accidents.

Mitigation Measures

236. The TL and SS operator (PTC4) will develop subproject SS and TL operation phase OHS plans in compliance with IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007) and relevant GoV regulations for electric power transmission and distribution including Decree 14/2014/ND-CP and MOLISA workplace regulations (Section II.A.4, above). The subproject specific SS and TL OHS plans will be in place prior to the start of subproject operation, and will include, but not be limited to, the following:

- All workers will receive a health assessment by a competent medical practitioner and be deemed in sufficient health to undertake their job before commencing hazardous site activities.

- All workers with access to electrical and hazardous conditions will be appropriately trained and certified to work on SSs and/or TLs.

- All relevant GoV electrical safety standards will be strictly adhered to, and TLs and other equipment will be properly grounded and equipped with lightning arresters as appropriate.

- Minimum working and clear hot stick distances as presented in the IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007) will be adhered to (Table 52).

- Safety procedures for working at heights. - Workers will be provided with appropriate PPE, including hard hats; insulating and/or

fire resistant clothes; appropriate grounding, hot line and insulated tools; safety gloves; safety goggles; fall protection system including safety belts and other climbing gear (for work at heights); ear protection, etc. PPE will be inspected, maintained and replaced as necessary, with special attention paid to climbing harnesses and safety gear.

- All construction equipment and tools will be inspected before use to ensure proper and safe operation. Climbing gear will be inspected at least every 6 months.

- All work at height will be prohibited during non-daylight hours, during periods of fog, and during periods of strong wind above Class V (see footnote 15).

- All workers climbing towers will have received a Safety Certificate of Class 3 or above (see footnote 16), will wear appropriate safety belts, and will be properly secured to the tower.

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- Switchboards, panel boards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, and motor control centers that are likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized will be field marked to warn qualified persons of potential electric arc flash hazards

- Appropriate grounding and deactivation of live power equipment during maintenance work or if working in close proximity to the equipment.

- Occupational EMF exposure will be minimized through the implementation of an EMF Safety Program that includes:

- Survey of exposure levels. - Establishment of EMF risk and safety zones. - Ensuring workers utilize appropriate PPE. - Limiting worker exposure to EMFs in accordance with Article 7 of

Decree 14/2014/NP-CP (Table 53). - Utilization of personal EMF monitors. - Posting safety and warning signs.

- An OHS manual will be prepared and disseminated to workers, and regular training will be provided to workers in all aspects of the OHS plan.

237. The PMO ESU safeguards specialists will review and approve the subproject specific OHS plans, and they will be in place prior to subproject commencing testing or operation.

Table 52: Alternating current minimum working distances for trained employeesa, IFC EHS

Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission.

Voltage Range (phase to phase – Kilovolts)

Minimum Working and Clear Hot Stick Distance

(m) 2.1 to 15

15.1 to 35 35.1 to 46

46.1 to 72.5 72.6 to 121 138 to 145 161 to 169 230 to 242 345 to 362 500 to 552 700 to 765

0.6 0.71 0.76 0.91 1.01 1.06 1.11 1.5

2.13a 3.35a 4.5 a

Source: OSHA in IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007). a From 345-362 kV, 500-552 kV, and 700-765 kV, the minimum working distance and the minimum clear hot stick distance may be reduced provided that such distances are not less than the shortest distance between the energized part and a grounded surface.

Table 53: EMF intensity and allowable working time limits, Decree 14/2014/ND-CP.

EMF intensity (E) (kV/m) < 5 5 8 10 12 15 18 20 20 <E<25 ≥25

Working time limit during 24 hr

period (minutes) No limit 480 255 180 130 80 48 30 10 0

238. In addition, PTC4 will develop and put in place prior to the start of operation subproject operation phase Emergency Repose Plans (ERPs) covering both onsite and project related community emergencies, including but not limited to the following:

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- Fire emergency response, including communication systems and protocols for interaction with local and regional emergency response providers, protocols for shutting down power, firefighting response procedures, provision of appropriate firefighting equipment, training of workers in fire response, and record keeping.

- SSs will be equipped with fire protection equipment, fire suppressant systems, and fire water tanks.

- Lightning arresters will be provided as appropriate at SSs, TL towers, and houses located within the 220 kV connecting TL RoWs.

- Medical emergency response, covering both workers and community members, including communication systems and protocols for interaction with local and regional emergency response providers, first aid equipment on site, contact information for nearest ambulance and medical facility, training for workers on initial on-site emerge response, protocols for informing and transferring injured workers to local or provincial health centers, and record keeping. At least one trained first-aid worker will be available at each construction site.

239. An ERP manual will be prepared and disseminated to workers, and regular training will be provided to workers in all aspects of the ERP.

2. Community Health and Safety

Potential Impacts

240. Community health and safety impacts include exposure to EMF in the subproject RoWs, risks of inappropriately accessing SSs or climbing TL towers, and the risk of fires. The increase in local traffic caused by TL and SS maintenance will be insignificant, and there will be insignificant air and effluent emissions.

241. Predicted EMF intensity at 1 m above the ground for a 500 kV TL is presented in Figure 26. This is in compliance with limits for general public exposure to EMF published by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) (Table 54) and Article 13 of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. EMF intensities at 220 kV connecting TLs and SSs will be even lower. In addition, Article 13 of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP requires that EMF intensity at 1 m above the ground for houses outside the RoW should also be lower than 5 kV/m, which is the case as also demonstrated by Figure 26. Therefore, SS and TL operation will not pose a health risk to the public.

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Figure 26: EMF intensity of 500 kV TL at above ground (two circuits arranged in opposite phase).

Source: CPPMB, 2015. Note: for a 500 kV TL the RoW is 17 m perpendicular to each side of the TL center line, and the clearance height above the ground is 8 m when the TL crosses rice and crop fields, and 12 m when going through gardens and residential areas (all houses within 500 kV TLs RoWs will be removed) .

Table 54: ICNIRP exposure limits for general public exposure to EMFs.

Frequency Electric Field (kV/m) Magnetic Field (μT) 50 Hz 5.00 100 60 Hz 4.15 83

Source: ICNIRP (1998) : “Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz) in IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007).

242. In accordance with Article 13 of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, houses and structures within the 500 kV TL RoWs will be removed. Therefore, there will be no impact of EMFs on houses and structures within the 500 kV TL RoWs.

243. There are no airports that will be affected by project operation:

- The nearest airport to SP1 is the Tan Son Nhat International Airport, which is 24 km from the TL at its closest.

- The nearest airport to SP2 is the Can Tho Airport, which is 20.4 km from the TL at its closest.

0

1

2

3

4

5

-26 -24 -22 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Hat 8m Hat 12m

Electric field intensity limit

E (

kV

/m)

X (m)

RoW boundary RoW boundary

Electric field intensity limit

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- The nearest airport to SP3 is the Vung Tau Airport, which is 26.6 km from the connecting TL at its closest.

- The nearest airport to SP4 is the Tan Son Nhat International Airport, which is 28 km from the connecting TL at its closest.

Mitigation Measures

244. The TL and SS operator (PTC4) will develop subproject specific SS and TL operation phase Community Health and Safety (CHS) plans in compliance with IFC EHS Guidelines for Electric Power Transmission (2007) and relevant GoV regulations including Decree 14/2014/ND-CP. The operation phase CHS plans will be in place prior to the start of subproject operation, and will include:

Community Outreach and Warnings - In cooperation with local authorities, an outreach program will be implemented to

communicate potential SS and TL community health and safety risks, mitigation measures, and appropriate behaviors, including a list of permissible and prohibited activities within the RoW. Households and Structures to be Upgraded Within or Adjacent to TLs RoWs

- To ensure safety and prevent induction of houses adjacent to the RoW, in accordance with Circular No. 31/2014/TT-BCT (2014) the project will earth houses, fences and other metallic objects as required within a zone 16 to 60 m perpendicular to each side of the TL center line. Households and Structures within 220 kV connecting TL RoWs

- Houses and similar structures (if any) can remain within the 220 kV connecting TL RoWs (if within the required vertical clearances) but if parts of the structures include metal, then the structures will be earthed (grounded), and/or if they are made of combustible materials, then the structures will be fireproofed. All costs will be borne by the project. In addition, the structures must not obstruct routes for inspection or maintenance, and the safety clearance between any part of the structure and the lowest point (sag) of the power cable should not be less than 6 m. Exposure to EMFs within and adjacent to 500 and 220 kV connecting TL RoWs

- According to Item 2a, Article 7 of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP, if working at a location where the electric field intensity is 5 kV/m or less then there is no limit to the allowable working time. As per Figure 26, EMF intensity at 1 m above the ground inside and outside the RoWs is less than 5 kV/m. Therefore, local residents can farm inside and adjacent to the RoWs without limits to time or impacts on health. Preventing Access to SSs and TLs

- SSs will be fenced and locked, and equipped with warning signs in Vietnamese. - TL towers will be equipped with safety warning signs in Vietnamese.

Fire and Emergency Response

- See above under OHS (para 238).

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3. Vegetation Management

Potential Impacts

245. During the operation phase periodic vegetation maintenance (e.g. trimming of trees) will be undertaken within the TL RoWs in order to maintain necessary safety clearances. Inappropriate TL RoW vegetation maintenance could result in unnecessary vegetation clearing and tree cutting, and can increase the risk of fires.

246. Due to the absence of rare and endangered flora and fauna in the TL RoWs, vegetation management will not have a negative impact on these resources.

Mitigation Measures

247. TL RoW Vegetation Management Plans (VMPs), including trees and crops, will be developed and implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of Decree 14/2014/ND-CP:

- Local residents will be informed about allowable agricultural activities within the TLs, the clearance requirements for tree crops, and planned vegetation maintenance activities.

- Rice and crops must be at least 0.5 m away from TL tower foundations. - Trees and other vegetation height will be maintained in strict accordance with Decree

14/2014/ND-CP requirements for both 220 kV and 500 kV TLs. - Rapid growing trees that have the potential to conflict with the requirements will not

be allowed. - Trees adjacent to the RoW will be maintained in accordance with Decree/2014/ND-

CP requirements. Cutting or trimming of trees outside of the RoW that do not pose a safety risk to the TL will not be allowed.

- Manual vegetation maintenance methods will be used. The use of herbicides for vegetation clearance is prohibited.

- To avoid buildups of ground level fuel, trees and tree branches will be collected by local people for firewood or the operator will contact local authorities for collection, transport and disposal.

- Workers will not light fires or undertake other fire risk activities. - For other fire and emergency response procedures, see above under OHS (para

238).

4. Chemicals and Hazardous Materials, Solid Waste

Potential Impacts

248. Toxic, hazardous, and harmful materials present in the operation of the project and in particular the SSs could include significant qualities of mineral oil in transformers and other electrical components for both insulation and cooling (the SSs will not use cooling oils that contain PCBs), petroleum products, lead acid batteries, etc. Toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes can have negative impacts on human health and the environment if not appropriately managed. Domestic solid waste will also be generated.

Mitigation Measures

249. Subproject operation phase Hazardous and Solid Waste Management Plans (HSWMPs) will be developed and put into place, including:

- Hazardous waste management will be undertaken in compliance with Circular

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36/2015/TT - BTNMT of MoNRE on the management of hazardous wastes. - A register of all activities that involve the handling of potentially hazardous

substances will be developed for each subproject, including protocols for the storage, handling and spill response, and posting of material safety data sheet (MSDSs). This will include all fuels, oils, grease, lubricants, and other chemicals.

- Transformers and equipment will comply with the international standards and will not contain PCBs.

- All chemicals, toxic, hazardous, and harmful materials will be transported in spill proof tanks with filling hoses and nozzles in working order,

- All chemicals, toxic, hazardous, and harmful materials will be stored in secure areas with impermeable surfaces and protective dikes capable of holding 110% of volume in the event of a spill. Their usage will be strictly monitored and recorded.

- SSs will be equipped with waste oil storage tanks, - The transformers and equipment will comply with international standards including

regular maintenance and inspection program to check leaks. - The areas around the SS transformers and oil storage areas will be provided with

secondary containment with impervious spill bunds capable of holding the oils, fuels, and hazardous wastes in the area. Discharges from these spill bunds with the potential to be contaminated with oil will be directed to oil-water separators.

- Good housekeeping procedures will be established to avoid the risk of spills. - Spills will be dealt with immediately, and personnel will be trained and tasked with

this responsibility. Oil absorbents will be readily accessible in marked containers. - Workers will be properly trained before handling hazardous wastes and have the

requisite PPE. - Domestic waste bins will be provided in and around the SSs. - Hazardous waste will be temporarily stored in closed containers away from direct

sunlight, wind, water and rain in secure designated areas with impermeable surfaces and protective dikes such that spillage or leakage will be contained.

- Hazardous and domestic wastes will be collected and disposed by licensed contractors on an as needed basis.

5. Wastewater

Potential Impacts

250. The TL subprojects will not generate wastewater, though the SSs will generate modest amounts of domestic wastewater and surface water runoff.

Mitigation Measures

251. The two SSs will be equipped with:

- appropriately sized sanitation systems including septic tanks in accordance with relevant GoV regulations.

- appropriately sized storm water drainage systems including settling ponds.

6. Noise and Vibration

Potential Impacts

252. TL operation is not expected to result in any significant noise impacts. SS operation will generate moderate noise from transformers and other equipment. However, as equipment will be modern, predicted noise level at the SS boundary fences are less than 75 dBA, complying with QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT and QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT. However, mitigation measures may be required to comply with WHO guidelines of 55 dBA in the

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daytime, and 45 dBA in the nighttime.

Mitigation Measures

253. If operation monitoring or complaints indicate that project operation is causing high noise levels at any residences or other sensitive receptors:

- Noise mitigation measures will be implemented as appropriate, including noise suppression measures for machinery, and the installation of noise barriers.

7. Climate Change

Potential Impacts

254. The Viet Nam Assessment Report on Climate Change (VARCC, 2009) shows that the trend of recent climate change in Viet Nam is beyond the level of natural change. Temperatures have increased by 0.05-0.20 °C and sea level has increased by 2-4 cm per decade in the last 50 years. According to projections, by the end of the 21st century the annual temperature in Viet Nam will increase by between 1.1-1.9 °C and 2.1-3.6 °C, rainfall is likely to increase by 1.0-5.2% and 1.8-10.1%, and sea level is likely to rise between 65 and 100 cm, in comparison with the period 1980-1999, under low and high emission scenarios respectively. The impacts are expected to be most significant in the Mekong Delta.

255. The subprojects are located in low lying areas of southern Viet Nam, and are at potential risk of climate change exacerbated flooding (Figure 27).

Mitigation Measures

256. The preliminary design of SP4 already calls a raised foundation as an adaptation measure against the risk of climate change exacerbated flooding. During detailed design all SPs will be evaluated for potential climate change risks, and designs, especially heights of TL tower and SS foundations, will be adapted as appropriate to minimize risks.

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Figure 27: Overlay map of flood-prone areas from predicted 1 m sea level rise in 2020 to 2100 in the Mekong Delta.

Source: SPPMB, 2015.

D. Anticipated Positive Operation Phase Impacts

257. Project operation will contribute to meeting the growth in electricity demand of industrial, commercial, and residential consumers in southern Viet Nam in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. The Project outcome will be an enhanced capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads, supports for the implementation of National Power Sector Development Master Plan VII to meet growing electricity demand of industrial, commercial and residential consumers throughout Viet Nam, and improved operational effectiveness and efficiency of NPT for financing, managing and operating the transmission network to ensure a reliable electricity supply.

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VI. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS

258. An analysis of project alternatives was undertaken during the feasibility stage to determine the most financially and technically feasible way of achieving the project outcome while minimizing environmental and social impacts.

A. No Project Alternative

259. The project will contribute to meeting electricity demand growth of industrial, commercial, and residential consumers in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. The project outcome is enhanced capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads. The project also supports partial implementation of the National Power Sector Development Master Plan VII to meet growing electricity demand of industrial, commercial and residential consumers throughout Viet Nam, and improves the operational effectiveness and efficiency of the NPT for financing, managing and operating the transmission network to ensure a reliable electricity supply. Given the importance of these outcomes to Viet Nam’s development, the “no project” alternative is not considered acceptable.

B. Alternative TL Routing

260. During the initial scoping of the TL alignments avoiding or minimize routing through populated or environmentally sensitive areas was emphasized. The selected alignments are the best available options to meet the technical and financial objectives of the project, while avoiding or minimizing negative social and environmental impacts.

1. SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL

261. Based on natural topographical features and the social and economic development of the areas to be crossed by the TL, three route options were considered (Figure 29). Table 55 presents an analysis of the route options.

Table 55: Assessment of route options, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

# Advantages Disadvantages

1 (Selected)

- Avoids planned residential areas and industrial zones.

- Lower number of affected houses and buildings. - Alignment primarily through rice fields and rubber

plantations, and is easier for land compensation.

- Longest length

2

- Alignment paired to existing 220 and 500 kV TLs - Low number of affected houses and buildings. - Can be combined with 220 kV Chon Thanh - Ben Cat TL to supply power to 220 kV Ben Cat

SS.

- Affects planning of Tay Bac Cu Chi district, passing through residential areas HCMC and Binh Duong.

- Difficult for ground clearance and compensation.

- Not agreed to by Binh Duong Provincial Peoples Committee (PPC).

3

- Does not affect planned residential areas and industrial zones.

- Can be combined with 220 kV Chon Thanh - Ben Cat TL to supply power to 220 kV Ben Cat

SS.

- High number of affected houses and buildings.

- Not agreed to by Tay Ninh and Binh Duong PPCs

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

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Figure 28: Route options, SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

262. Based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the three alignment options, Option 1 was selected as it passes through rice crop and rubber areas, affects less houses making compensation easier, avoids planned residential and industrial areas, and was agreed to by the Long An, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong and Binh Phuoc PPCs.

2. SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

263. Based on natural topographical features and the social and economic development of the areas to be crossed by the TL, two route options were surveyed (Figure 29). Table 56 presents an analysis of the two options; in order to reduce impacts on residential areas, Option 2 was selected.

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Figure 29: Route options, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

Table 56: Assessment of route options, SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL.

Category Option 1 Option 2 (Selected) Length (km) 128.7 133.4 Description Starting from Song Hau TPP 500 kV distribution

yard in Chau Thanh District, Hau Giang Province, crossing Hau River, Tra On River and NH54 to G2 position. From G2 turns left to G3 then turn lefts crossing Giao Meo Canal to G4. It then turns left crossing Cha Va River, NH1, My Thuan – Can Tho Highway (planned) to G5. It then goes left parallel with Moi Canal, crossing Provincial Road 908 to G6A, turns left crossing PR854 and An Khanh River to G7A. It then turns right to G7 and turns right again crossing 500 kV Nha Be – O Mon TL, 220 kV O Mon – Vinh Long TL and 110 kV Vinh Long 2 – Sa Dec, NH80, Dua River, Sa Dec River and Tien River to G8. It then turns right over NH30, 220 kV Cai Lay – Cao Lanh TL, Co Co River to G9. It then turns right over My Duc Tay River, PR861, PR863 to position G10. It crosses over 7 Canal, PR869 to G11 and turns right over PR847 to G12 and G13. It then turns left over NH62, passing the Vam Co Tay River to G14B and N2 road to G14. It then turns right passing Bo Bo canal to G15 and turns right to G16. From positions G16-G17-G18 -G19-G20- end point to the 500 kV Duc Hoa SS in Huu Thanh Commune, Duc Hoa District, it goes parallel on the left of the 500 kV My Tho - Duc Hoa TL (planned).

Starting from the 500 kV distribution yard of the Song Hau TPP to G14B the plan is similar to Alternative 1. From G14B, it turns left passing N2 road to G15A. G15A-G16A-G17A from G18A-G19A-G20A-G21A-endpoint (DC) to Duc Hoa 500 kV SS, the route goes along the right in parallel with the 500 kV Thot Not - Duc Hoa TL (expected), crossing Bo Bo canal and Vam Co Dong River.

Option 2 (selected)

Option 1 (not selected)

Song Hau-Duc Hua 500 kV TL

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Category Option 1 Option 2 (Selected) # intersection with Hau River 01 01

# intersection with Tien River 01 01

# houses within RoW 519 512

# turns 23 23 # intersection with other large rivers 8 8

# intersection with NH 5 5

# intersection with PR and large roads >10 m

7 7

# intersection with 500 kV TL 01 01

# intersections with 110 and 220 kV TL 06 06

Impact of compensation and site clearance

Shorter in length by 4.7 km compared with Alternative 2 Avoids traversing residential areas

Longer in length but fewer houses to be impacted Will go roughly in parallel with the planned 500 kV Thot Not – Duc Hoa TL, and compensation and site clearance is not an issue.

Impact on local planning

Passes several industrial zones and is not agreed by the developers and local authorities

Avoids passing industrial zones and agreed by local authority

Conclusion As reviewed and agreed by PPCs of Hau Giang Vinh Long, Dong Thap Tien Giang and Long An and related ministries, this alternative is more favorable and was selected

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

C. Alternative SS Siting

1. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

264. Three SS site options were considered (Figure 30). Table 57 presents an analysis of three potential sites. Option 1 was selected for the following reasons:

More favorable with respect to compensation and site clearance as the land is managed by a state-owned enterprise.

More advantageous in terms of access as the land is located by the Hoi Bai-Chau Pha-Da Bac-Phuoc Tan road.

More advantageous for 220 kV and 110 kV connections due to the location in the peak load center in the middle of Chau Duc Industrial Park, Hoa Long Industrial Park and Da Bac Industrial Park. The expected lengths of the connections lines are from 3 to 15 km and they will not cut through residential areas, industrial parks and areas for local planning.

Site is agreed to by local departments.

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Table 57: Assessment of siting options, SP3 - Chau Duc 220 kV SS.

Category Option 1 (Selected) Option 2 Option 3

Location

Located 800 m from Suoi Nghe roundabout way, on the left side of Da Bac - Phuoc Tan Road (direction to Da Bac commune), Binh Ba commune, Chau Duc district.

On the right side of NH56 (direction to Chau Duc district), opposite Chau Duc Industrial Park gate, Nghia Thanh commune, Chau Duc district.

Near Road 765 and Quang Phu - Phuoc An Road, opposite to Da Bac Industrial Complex, Da Bac commune, Chau Duc district.

Terrain Rubber tree land, relatively flat

Bare soil, planting corn, rice, etc., relatively flat.

Cultivation land of corn, rice, etc., relatively flat.

Access road

Conveniently located along the road from Hoi Bai – Da Bac -Phuoc Tan

Due to the location along Highway 56, an agreement with the Ministry of Transport regarding connection from the highway road to the station should be reached.

Conveniently located along the road Quang Phu-An Phuoc

Connection of 220 kV, 110 kV TLs

The 220 kV TL length is estimated at 03 km. The 110 kV connecting line length is estimated at around 8-15 km.

The 220 kV connection line length is estimated at 02 km. The 110 kV line length is estimated at 10-20 km

The 220 kV connection line length is estimated at 1 km. The 110 kV line length is estimated at 13-14 km

Peak load supply

Efficient as located at the center for peak load, among Chau Duc, Hoa Long and Da Bac industrial parks, and planned 110 kV SSs.

Not as centrally located as Alternative 1, as its location is nearer to Chau Duc and Hoa Long.

Not as centrally located as Alternative 1, as its location is nearer Da Bac IP.

Compensation and site clearance

Highly advantageous as it will be built on rubber plantation managed by Ba Ria Rubber Company. The 220 kV connection line will not cross over residential areas, industrial zones and areas of local planning. The 110 kV connection route will not cross over any Industrial zones or planned areas.

Less advantageous than Alternative 1 as the land is owned by local people and located in the central densely populated area. The 220 kV connection route will cross densely populated areas. The 110 kV connection route will cross densely populated areas and industrial zones.

Less advantageous than Alternative 1 as the land is owned by local people. The 220 kV connection line will not cut through residential areas, industrial zones and areas of local planning. The 110 kV connection route will not cut through Industrial zones and local planning area.

Impact on local planning

No impact No impact No impact

Agreement of local authorities

Agreed by local departments17

Agreement was not reached Agreement was not reached

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

17 Including:

- Official Document No. 4297 / UBND-VP dated 22/6/2015 of Ba Ria – Vung Tau PPC consulting Vietnam Rubber Corporation on the construction location - Letter No. 303/TTr- CSBR dated 02.07.2015 of Ba Ria Rubber Company consulting Vietnam Rubber Works Corporation on the construction location - Minutes of agreement dated 16.12.2014.

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Figure 30: Site options, SP3 - Chau Duc 220 kV SS.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

2. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

265. Three SS site options were considered:

Option 1A (Selected) Vacant rice land in Hamlet 6, Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province. This option would require a 2.9 km connecting TL passing through areas of bare land and paddy crops of Thanh Duc and Nhut Chanh communes, Ben Luc District.

Option 1B Vacant rice land in Hamlet 7, Nhut Chanh Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province. This option would require a 2.3 km connecting TL passing through areas of bare land and paddy crops of Thanh Duc and Nhut Chanh communes, Ben Luc District. Option 2 Vacant sugarcane land in Hamlet 1, Binh Duc Commune, Ben Luc District, Long An Province. This option would require a 1.3 km connecting TL passing through vacant areas growing rice and sugar cane in Binh Duc commune, Ben Luc District.

266. All three options were considered acceptable. However Option 1A was selected due to its convenient location to the road network, close location to the local power demand center, lower land requirements, and lower investment costs. The site has been approved

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by the Long An PPC.18

Figure 31: Site options, SP4 – Ben Luc 220 kV SS.

Source: SPPMB, 2016.

D. Overall Alternative Analysis

267. Based on the analysis of alternatives, the project has selected the most appropriate TL alignments and SS site locations.

18 Letter No. 4012 / Committee-KT dated 17 November, 2014.

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VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION

A. Vietnamese and ADB Requirements for Public Consultation

1. Vietnamese Requirements

269. Vietnamese EIA requirements are stipulated in the Law on Environmental Protection (2014) and supporting decrees. Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP (February 14th, 2015) specifies the EIA consultation process with respect to informing community representatives and communes, wards and township People's Committees (PCs); describes the requirements for the registration and certification of written environmental protection commitments, and appraisal and approval of EIA reports; and identifies projects that are subject to environmental assessment.

2. ADB Requirements

270. ADB’s SPS has specific requirements for information disclosure and public consultation. Information disclosure involves delivering information about a proposed project to the general public and to affected communities and other stakeholders, beginning early in the project cycle and continuing throughout the life of the project. Information disclosure is intended to facilitate constructive engagement with affected communities and stakeholders over the life of the project.

271. In order to make key documents widely available to the general public, the SPS requires submission of a finalized EIA for Category A projects, and a final IEE for Category B projects, to ADB for posting on the ADB website. The SPS requires that borrowers take a proactive disclosure approach and provide relevant information from environmental assessment documentation directly to affected peoples and stakeholders.

272. The SPS also requires that the borrower carry out consultation with affected people and other concerned stakeholders, including civil society, and facilitate their informed participation.

B. Project Information Disclosure

273. Information on each subproject was disclosed to affected persons (APs) and stakeholders. All approved SP Vietnamese EIAs were disclosed during their preparation. A draft of this consolidated IEE was disclosed to the relevant district and Commune PC offices in June 2016, along with SP Resettlement Plans. The finalized and approved consolidated IEE will be disclosed again at those offices. In addition, the finalized and approved consolidated IEE will be disclosed on the SPPMB website, and will be available at the SPPMB office. Similarly, all reporting on stakeholder consultations, environmental monitoring and EMP implementation will also be disclosed at the same offices and websites.

274. This consolidated IEE will also be disclosed by the ADB on its website (www.adb.org).

C. Public Consultation Meetings

275. Subproject stakeholder consultations were undertaken for each subproject. The approach adopted the principles of meaningful engagement, transparency, participation, and inclusiveness to ensure that affected and marginalized groups such as women and

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the poor were given equal opportunities to participate in the project design.

276. Stakeholders were identified and engaged in a participatory manner. Stakeholder communication focused on institutional stakeholders, affected communities, and persons directly affected by proposed project interventions. Stakeholders include:

− Households and businesses living along or near the TLs and/or SSs who may be directly or indirectly affected by the project.

− Mass organizations such as Women’s Union, and Farmers Union which provided information for the design of the various subproject interventions, and which might participate in implementation of measures and interventions.

− Institutional stakeholders such as commune and district leaders, and other government officials.

− Other institutions or individuals with a vested interest in the outcomes and/or impacts of the project.

277. The public meetings were structured as follows:

− Following a briefing by the IA representatives, engineering consultants introduced the subprojects including TL alignments and locations of SSs.

− Environmental consultants presented ADB’s environmental policy, safety regulations in the Viet Nam power sector, anticipated environmental impacts and respective mitigation measures, and the GRM for environmental and resettlement problems.

− Social/resettlement consultants presented ADB’s resettlement requirements, relevant policies of the GoV and local authorities, potential project land acquisition and resettlement impacts, and the project’s policies for compensation for loss of land and assets and resettlement, including the GRM.

− Discussion period, where participants asked questions and offered comments, and consultants provided answers and explanations.

278. All presentations and written materials and maps were delivered in Vietnamese.

1. SP1 - 500 kV Duc Hoa-Chon Thanh TL Public Consultation Meetings

279. Formal community consultation meetings were held from October 2015 to February 2016 in a total of 25 communes in 8 districts of the 4 provinces traversed by the subproject. The meetings were attended by 360 participants.

280. A summary of the consultation meeting minutes is presented in Appendix VI. The majority of participant’s concerns were related to compensation for lost land and crops. The project owner and contractor were requested to strictly implement environmental protection measures during the construction stage to avoid negative effects on life and livelihoods of the local communities, to use construction methods that prevent or minimize noise, to ensure that wastewater, waste, noise, and dust do not affect people, and to provide information on the safe operation of the TL. Overall, there was very strong community support for the subproject.

281. Photos for the public consultation meetings and a list of attendees are presented in Appendix VI.

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2. SP2 - 500 kV Song Hau–Duc Hoa TL

282. Formal community consultation meetings were held from December 2015 to March 2016 in a total of 35 communes in 14 districts and 5 provinces traversed by the subproject. The meetings were attended by 791 participants.

283. A summary of the consultation meeting minutes is presented in Appendix VI. The majority of the concerns were related to compensation for lost housing, land and crops, pollution during the construction phase, and safety during the operation phase.

284. The project owner and contractor were requested to strictly implement environmental protection measures during the construction stage of the subproject to avoid negative effects on life and livelihoods of the local communities, to use construction methods that prevent or minimize noise during the construction stage, to cooperate closely with local authorities, to provide adequate compensation to APs in an open and understandable process, and to ensure public safety from EMFs and other hazards during operation. Overall, there was very strong community support for the subproject.

285. Photos for the public consultation meetings and a list of attendees are presented in Appendix VI.

3. SP3 – 220 kV Chau Duc SS

286. Formal community consultation meetings were held from 17 to 23 November 2015 in 2 communes (Binh Ba and Da Bac), Chau Duc District, Ba Ria Vung Tau Province. The meetings were attended by 13 participants.

287. A summary of the consultation meeting minutes is presented in Appendix VI. Questions and comments related to the need for effective implementation of mitigation measures to control pollution, noise and other potential impacts during construction, and ensuring that EMFs are within permissible limits during operation and do not affect public health. Overall, there was very strong community support for the subproject.

288. Photos for the public consultation meetings and a list of attendees are presented in Appendix VI.

4. SP4 – 220 kV Ben Luc SS

289. Formal community consultation meetings were held in December 2015 in 2 communes (Thanh Duc and Nhut Chanh) of Ben Luc. The meetings were attended by a total of 67 participants.

290. The consultation meeting minutes are presented in Appendix VI. In summary, the local commune authorities agree with and support the subproject, but want to know the details of the resettlement plan as soon as possible so that people can plan in advance; affected households need to be fully informed on the subproject compensation policy; standardized forms should be prepared so that residents can easily present their complaints and grievances about compensation; residents should be informed in advance prior to land acquisition and site clearance to have time to salvage agricultural products and avoid waste; if land is acquired, compensation must be in accordance with the current government regulation and ADB policies; and, EMFs should not affect households near the SS and TL, houses that will be affected should be removed. Overall, there was very strong community support for the subproject.

291. Photos for the public consultation meetings and a list of attendees are presented in

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Appendix VI.

D. Future Consultation Activities

292. The IA will continue to conduct regular community liaison activities during the construction and operations phases, including the implementation of the GRM (see Chapter VIII).

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VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

A. Introduction

293. A project grievance can be defined as an actual or perceived project related problem that gives ground for complaint by an affected person (AP). As a general policy, the EA and IA will work proactively toward preventing grievances through the implementation of impact mitigation measures and community liaison activities that anticipate and address potential issues before they become grievances. However, as the project includes permanent land acquisition, loss of perennial and annual crops, and loss of houses and other structures, grievances related to compensation may occur. In addition, during construction and operation it is possible that unanticipated impacts may occur if the mitigation measures are not properly implemented, or unforeseen issues arise. In order to address complaints if or when they arise, a project grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been developed in accordance with ADB requirements and GoV practices. A GRM is a systematic process for receiving, recording, evaluating and addressing AP’s project-related grievances transparently and in a reasonable time period.

B. ADB’s GRM Requirements

294. The ADB’s SPS requires a project to establish a GRM to receive and facilitate resolution of AP’s concerns and complaints about the project’s environmental performance during construction as well as operation phase of the project. The GRM should be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project; should address affected people’s concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process; should be readily accessible to all sections of the community at no cost and without retribution; and, should not impede access to Viet Nam’s judicial or administrative remedies.

C. Project GRM

1. Approach

295. A well-defined GRM will be established to address AP grievances and complaints regarding environmental issues, land acquisition, compensation and resettlement in a timely and satisfactory manner. All APs will be made fully aware of their rights, and the detailed procedures for filing grievances and an appeal process will be disseminated through an effective public information campaign. The GRM will be established prior to the construction of the project and will be maintained during operation and maintenance.

296. APs are entitled to lodge complaints regarding any aspect of affected environment, land acquisition and resettlement, such as, noise, pollution, entitlements, rates and payment and procedures for resettlement, income restoration programs, etc. APs complaints can be made verbally or in written form. In the case of verbal complaints, a written record of the complaint should be made during the first meeting.

297. The PMO ESU safeguards specialists will be responsible for ensuring the establishment and operation of the GRM. The PMO will be the key contact point for APs who may require information about the project or who have an issue they would like to discuss or a grievance to lodge. The PMO will issue public notices to inform the public within the project area of the GRM, and contact information (phone number, fax, address, email address) for the PMO and local entry points (e.g. contractors, commune PCs) will

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be disseminated at construction and other sites. The PMO ESU will also maintain a grievance database.

2. GRM Steps

298. The GRM consists of 5 escalating steps. Complaints will be resolved at the lowest step possible, and only advance to the next step if a resolution cannot be found (Figure 32).

299. The following are the key GRM steps:

Step 1: If a complaint arises, the AP should initially try and solve the complaint directly with the contractor (during construction) or the operator (PTC4 during operation). The AP may contact the contractor or operator directly, or via local entry points such as the commune PC. Upon receipt of the complaint, the contactor or operator should record and document the complaint, and then consult with the AP and attempt to address the problem. The results of the process should be reported to the PMO ESU safeguards specialists. If no solution is found within 7 working days or if the AP is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Step 1, proceed to Step 2.

Step 2: The AP will submit the complaint to the PMO, either directly or via local entry points. The PMO ESU safeguards specialists will investigate the complaint, and then organize a meeting to be chaired by the commune PC, including all key parties (e.g. contractor, SPPMB Management and Compensation Department, AP, and other parties as relevant) and attempt to identify an acceptable resolution. The PMO will record the meeting results, and the contractor or operator will have 15 working days to impellent the solution. If no solution is identified, or if the AP is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Step 2, proceed to Step 3.

Step 3: The PMO will organize a meeting to be chaired by the District PC, including all key parties (e.g. contractor, SPPMB Management and Compensation Department, AP, Commune PC, and other parties as relevant) and attempt to identify an acceptable resolution. The PMO will record the meeting results, and the contractor or operator will have 15 working days to impellent the solution. If no solution is identified within 15 working days, or if the AP is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Step 3, proceed to Step 4

Step 4: Complaints not resolved at the district level will be elevated to the Provincial People’s Committee for resolution. If no solution is identified within 30 working days, or if the AP is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Step 4, proceed to Step 5.

Step 5: If the complaint is not resolved at the Provincial People’s Committee level, the complaint is then free to seek a resolution at the People’s Court (Step 5a), or the AP may seek a resolution through the ADB’s Accountability Mechanism (Step 5b).

300. Use of the GRM does not prevent access to the local court system.

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Figure 32: Project GRM

ADB = Asian Development Bank, AP = affected person, PC = Peoples Committee.

4. Meeting chaired by Provincial PC

4. EA in consultation with EPB and ADB

Affected Person

Affected Person

Grievance

Grievance

1. Subproject Contactor (Construction Phase) or Subproject Operator (Operation Phase)

Not Redressed within 7 working days

Not Redressed

5a. Appeal to People’s Court 5b. Appeal under ADB’s

Accountability Mechanism1

5b. Appeal under ADB’s

Accountability Mechanism1

Redressed

Redressed

2. Meeting chaired by Commune PC Redressed

Redressed

Redressed

Redressed

Redressed

Redressed

1 The ADB Accountability Mechanism provides a forum where people adversely affected by ADB-assisted

projects can voice and seek solutions to their problems and report alleged noncompliance of ADB's operational policies and procedures. It consists of two separate but complementary functions: consultation phase and compliance review phase. For more information see: http://beta.adb.org/site/accountability-mechanism/main 1 The ADB Accountability Mechanism provides a forum where people adversely affected by ADB-assisted

projects can voice and seek solutions to their problems and report alleged noncompliance of ADB's operational policies and procedures. It consists of two separate but complementary functions: consultation phase and compliance review phase. For more information see: http://beta.adb.org/site/accountability-mechanism/main

Not Redressed within 15 working days

Not Redressed

3. Meeting chaired by District PC

Not Redressed within 15 working days

Not Redressed

Not Redressed within 15 working days

Not Redressed

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IX. CONCLUSIONS

301. This is the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report for Tranche 4 (TR4) of the Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF) for the Power Transmission Investment Program (PTIP) in the Viet Nam (the project). The PTIP will enhance the capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads in northern, central, and southern Viet Nam.

302. The project will bring significant positive benefits. Project operation will contribute to meeting the growth in electricity demand of industrial, commercial, and residential consumers in southern Viet Nam in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. The Project outcome will be an enhanced capacity of the transmission network to balance power loads, support for the implementation of National Power Sector Development Master Plan VII to meet growing electricity demand of industrial, commercial and residential consumers throughout Viet Nam, and improved operational effectiveness and efficiency of NPT for financing, managing and operating the transmission network to ensure a reliable electricity supply.

303. Through the environmental assessment process the project has: (i) identified potential negative environment impacts and appropriately established mitigation measures; (ii) received public support from the project beneficiaries and affected people; (iii) established effective project GRM procedures; and (iv) prepared a comprehensive EMP including environmental management and supervision structure, environmental mitigation and monitoring plans, and capacity building and training.

304. Based on the analysis conducted it is concluded that overall the project will result in significant positive socioeconomic benefits, and will not result in significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. Overall, any minimal adverse environmental impacts associated with the project can be prevented, reduced, or minimized through the appropriate application of mitigation measures. It is therefore recommended that:

i) the project’s categorization as ADB environment category B is confirmed;

ii) this IEE is considered sufficient to meet ADB’s environmental safeguard requirements for the project, and no additional studies are required; and

iii) the project be supported by ADB, subject to the implementation of the commitments contained in the EMP and allocation of appropriate technical, financial and human resources by the EA and IA to ensure these commitments are effectively and expediently implemented.