A presentation onINFORMATION SYSTEM

BYARSHIYA KHAN

SECTION: B13BSP1565

Introduction Information system may be defined as

a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization.

Information system has been defined in terms of two perspectives: one relating to its function; the other relating to its structure. From a functional perspective; an information system is a technologically implemented medium for the purpose of recording, storing, and disseminating linguistic expressions as well as for the supporting of inference making. From a structural perspective; an information system consists of a collection of people, processes, data, models, technology and partly formalized language, forming a cohesive structure which serves some organizational purpose or function.

TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS): Management Information Systems are used to provide regular information about the daily activities of a business to the manager.Management Information Systems are to help managers make the business processes and activities more efficient compared to doing them manually.

TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS): Transaction Processing Systems are used to record business transaction. Transaction Processing Systems keep track of daily transactions in a database.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS): Decision Support Systems provide managers with information to make the best decisions.Decision Support Systems help to analyse information, recognise problems and making decisions. Most Decision Supports Systems reports are in the form of charts and diagrams.

EXECUTIVE  INFORMATION SYSTEM (EIS): Executive Information System helps top-level management to plan strategies. An Executive Information System is used to forecast future trends.

EXPERT SYSTEM (ES): Expert system is used to store knowledge and make logical suggestions for the user. Expert System users can be professionals like doctors and scientist. Example : An Expert System can suggest conditions and estimate the probability of having illness.

EXTENSION : OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEM (OIS): Office Information System is also known as office automation. Office Information System is an information system that uses hardware, software and networks to enhance work flow among employees.

The MIS has more than one definition, some of which are give below.

1. The MIS is defined as a system which provides information support for decision making in the organization.

2. The MIS is defined as an integrated system of man and machine for providing the information to support the operations, the management and the decision making function in the organization.

3. The MIS is defined as a system based on the database of the organization evolved for the purpose of providing information to the people in the organization.

4. The MIS is defined as a Computer . based Information System.

NecessityA good information system provides a

framework for companies to evaluate themselves relative to these dimensions. By understanding and improving alignment with these critical dimensions, companies can maximize the value and impact of information as a strategic corporate asset to gain competitive advantage.

Businesses need information that's timely, useful, cost-effective, accessible, organized and accurate. Therefore, information systems must be constantly maintained and upgraded to meet the company's expectations and customers' needs.

The following are the most important reasons to have a good management information system:

1. To control the creation and growth of records.2. To reduce operating costs3. To improve efficiency and productivity4. To assimilate new records management

technologies5. To ensure regulatory compliance6. To minimize litigation risks7. To safeguard vital information8. To support better management decision making9. To preserve the corporate memory10. To foster professionalism in running the

business

IMPORTANCEThe role of the MIS in an organization can be

compared to the role of heart in the body. The information is the blood and MIS is the heart.

The MIS plays exactly the same role in the organization. The system ensures that an appropriate data is collected from the various sources, processed, and sent further to all the needy destinations. The system is expected to fulfill the information needs of an individual, a group of individuals, the management functionaries: the managers and the top management.

The MIS satisfies the diverse needs through a variety of systems such as Query Systems, Analysis Systems, Modeling Systems and Decision Support Systems the MIS helps in Strategic Planning, Management Control, Operational Control and Transaction Processing.

The management information system uses computers and communication technology to deal with these points of supreme importance:

Handling of a voluminous data. Confirmation of the validity of data and

transaction. Complex processing of data and

multidimensional analysis. Quick search and retrieval. Mass storage. Communication of the information system to

the user on time. Fulfilling the changing needs of the information.

Refrenceshttp://www.mu.ac.in/mis.pdfhttp://

www.uotechnology.edu.iq/sweit/Lectures/SarmadFuad-MIS/MIS_Lecture_3.pdf

http://www.google.co.in/search?q=information+system&biw=1366&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=r1y9UdquLo3LrQfsjoCgCA&ved=0CD4QsAQ#imgrc=_

http://araku.ac.ir/~a_fiantial/ISR_Lec_[4].pdf