Immune system
-
Upload
islam-jan-buneri -
Category
Documents
-
view
60 -
download
0
Transcript of Immune system
![Page 1: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Your Body’s Defense
![Page 2: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Physical Defenses First line of defense Skin Hair Mucous Cilia Saliva Tears Sweat Digestive tract
![Page 3: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Skin
Protects from micro-organisms entering the body
Open cuts/ sores provide entrance Cells die and are shed
![Page 4: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Sweat
Our body has many sweat glands Sweat is released to control body temp Sweat contains acids that kill pathogens
![Page 5: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mucous Membranes
Moist linings around all entrances to body
Covered with mucous Mucous = sticky
substance Mucous traps
pathogens Mucous is released
from body
![Page 6: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Saliva & Tears
Contain enzymes that fight pathogens
Tears wash away foreign substances
![Page 7: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cilia
Tiny hair-like structures Trap pathogens Help remove mucous from body
![Page 8: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Digestive Tract
Moves pathogens out of body
Acids/ chemicals in digestive tract
Stomach/ intestines/ bladder
Chemicals kill pathogens
![Page 9: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Second Line of Defense
Occurs after pathogen enters the body Inflammation
![Page 10: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Inflammation 1st stage of healing Increased blood flow to area Increased size/ temperature/ redness Caused by dilation of blood vessels
![Page 11: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Phagocytes
Blood brings phagocytes & chemicals
Phagocytes = white blood cells Digest pathogens,
dead cells, waste Chemicals
Kill pathogens & start tissue healing
![Page 12: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Immune System Last line of defense Lymphatic system,
lymph nodes, lymph, lymphocytes
Lymph nodes store and filter lymph
Lymph - fluid containing lymphocytes
Lymphocytes - white blood cells
![Page 13: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Lymphocytes
B-cells & T-cells T-cells
Produce interferon- warns cells about pathogen
Kill some pathogens directly
B-cells create antibodies Antibodies bind to
pathogens/ toxins until phagocytes find them
![Page 14: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Immunity
Active Immunity-body creates antibodies Through sickness of
immunization Immunization/ vaccine –
injected with small amount of pathogen
Passive Immunity-passed from mother to child through birth or breast milk
![Page 15: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Treatment
Antibiotics – kill living organisms Treat bacterial infections only
Fungus are treated with cream or topical treatment
![Page 16: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Treatment of Virus
Anti-viral can stop a virus from reproducing Most viruses are fought by our immune
system with… Rest Proper diet Water
![Page 17: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Prevention
Eat well-balanced meals. Get enough rest. (8 hours) Get exercise. (30 minutes at least 3-4 x
week) Wash hands/ shower. Keep hands out of eyes and mouth. Have regular physicals/ dental visits.
![Page 18: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Prevention
Get vaccinated Don’t share utensils,
glasses, cups etc. Avoid sick people. Avoid stress. Use stress
management techniques. Find time to relax.
![Page 19: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Questions
![Page 20: Immune system](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559ebc951a28ab782a8b46f3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)