IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries...Objective: To improve the LignoBoost process, handling,...

Country Report “Identification Current Processing Potential and Mapping Existing Biorefineries”

IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries

Country Report - Sweden

Presented by Peter Axegård, STFI-Packforsk

Second IEA Bioenergy Task 42 Meeting4/5 October 2007, Vienna, Austria



1. Introduction

• Large forest products industry– employs 100 000 people– has a turnover of EUR 23 billion– export value: EUR 12 billion, 15 % of total – 4 % of Swedish GDP

• Forest are the main bioenergy resource• Total energy turnover 630 TWh/y

– 120 TWh from biomass mainly wood• Basically all stemwood and forestry residues are used• Strong public and political interest in bioenergy



1. Introduction

Pulp and papermills 10 Mt/45 TWh

5.5 Mt/26 TWh

22 TWh

Saw mills

Energy production

Pulp and paper

Board and sawn products

Energy

ProcessPulpwood

Stemwood Saw timber

28 Mt/140 TWh 13 Mt 64 TWh

Fuel

2 Mt 11 TWh

13 Mt 64 TWh

Chips

Waste

4.2 Mt 21 TWh

2 Mt 11 TWh

In total

28 Mt 28 Mt 140 TWh140 TWh

Out total

15 Mt15 Mt93 TWh93 TWh

Stemwood for material and energySweden 1997


1. Introduction

0

25

50

75

100

125

1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Fellings

Growth

Million m3sk (forest cubic metres)

Source: National Forest Survey, National Board of Forestry

Country Report “Identification Current Processing Potential and Mapping Existing Biorefineries”Source: FAO

Timber stock in m3 per inhabitant

374327

50 356

Finland Sweden GermanyFrance Great Britain

1. Introduction



2. Current national biomass use

• Wood to pulp/paper/solid wood products and energy• Increased competetion for wood from energy sector• Annual plants to food and feed and some energy• Total energy turnover 630 TWh/y - 120 TWh from

biomass mainly wood• Biomass energy, TWh

– 1970 43– 1980 48– 1990 67– 2000 91– 2005 112



2. Current national biomass use



3. Biomass-related national policy goals

• Eliminate mineral oil (Oil Commission 2007) by 2020• EU directive on renewable transportation fuels• 5 % etoh blend in gasoline

• Instruments– Promotion of renewable transportation fuels

– Green certificates

– CO2- allowances

– CO2-taxes

– Tax on ”non green” cars in Stockholm



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesFood industry 1. (sugar, starch, oleochemistry, bioethanol, biodiesel, …)

KW/ideseminarium-060913 - 4

Norrköping, Lantmännen Agroetanol 55 milj L2008 +150 milj L



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPrimary agricultural sector



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesNon-food Industry (materials, products, …)

• Energy recovery from organic waste is standard practice



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPulp/paper Industry 1 (tall oil)

• Production about 200 000 tonnes/year in Sweden

• Fatty- and resin acids are separated– (Bergvik kemi, Arizona Chemical Company)

• Fatty- and resin acid fractions r aw material for paint, sizing etc

• Can also be used as high quality fuel



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPulp/paper Industry 2 (bio-diesel)



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPulp/paper Industry 3 (example of district heating)

Koncernstab Miljö/Energi

Energitinget 2007/11

Södra deliveries of district heat from pulp mills

• Karlshamn

• Mörrum

• Varberg

• Mönsterås

• Torsås

• Kinda

GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Prognos

GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Prognos



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPulp/paper Industry 4 (example of electricity from pulp mills)

Södra Cell invests in new turbinesMörrum 23 MW (CHP) - 2005 Värö 50 MW (CHP) - 2006Mönsterås 40 MW (condensing power) - 2006

Total investment ~580 MSEK ( approx 55 M€)

Generation …………….. 1800 GWhInternal use………………. 1400 GWhTo grid…………..…….. 400 GWh



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPulp/paper Industry 5 (ethanol)

KW/ideseminarium-060913 - 4

SEKAB, Örnsköldsvik13.000 tonnes/y from sulfite spent liquor



4. Mapping of Existing BiorefineriesPower and Heat Production Industry

• District heating about 50 TWh/y – 41TWh/y from biomass• Rapid increase as many private homes convert from oil

and electricity



5. RTD-activitiesNational and EC Projects

1. FRAM2, 2006 – 2008

2. BLG 2, 2007- 2010

3. Ethanol program, 2007-2010

4. EU FP6, WaCheUp, 2005-2008

5. CHRISGAS, 2004-2009

6. Cluster Biorefinery, 2005-2008



5. RTD-activitiesNational and EC Projects 1

FRAM2-program (Future Resource Adopted Mill)

Coordinator STFI-Packforsk

Duration: 2006-2008, Budget: 8 M€

Financing: Swedish Energy Agency and industry

Partners: STFI-Packforsk, Chalmers University of Technology, Lunds TechnicalUniversity, ÅF, Södra Cell, Stora Enso, Weyerhaeuser, Fortum, E.on, Aga Linde

Key research facility: Demonstration plant for removal of lignin from black liquor, Bäckhammar, Sweden

Objective: To improve the LignoBoost process, handling, incineration of lignin and to produce design data for full scale removal of lignin from black liquor




BLG 2-program (Black liquor gasification program)

Coordinator ETC, Piteå, Sweden

Duration: 2007-2010, Budget:9 M€

Financing: Energy Agencyand industry ( SCA, Sveaskog, Smurfit Kappa, Södra, Vattenfall)

Partners: ETC, Umeå University, STFI-Packforsk, Chalmers University of Technology, Luleå University of Technology

Key research facility: Pilot plant gasifier i Piteå, Sweden

Objective: To close technological knowledge gaps that are in the way of large-scale commercialization of pressurized black liquor gasification for DME or electricity




Ethanol program

Coordinator : Sekab E-technology


Financing: Swedish Energy Agency

Key research facility: Pilot plant for acid and enzymatic hydrolysis, Örnsköldsvik, Sweden

Objective: Scaling up and commercialisation of technology for integrated production of ethanol from lignocellulose materials




WaCheUp

Coordinator: STFI-Packforsk

Duration: 2005-2008, Budget: 2.5 M€

Financing: EU FP6 and industry

Participitants: Kemira, M-Real, Södra, Perstorp, Aracruz, Weyerhaeuser, UPM-Kymmene, Sappi, Alabama River Pulp, Raisio Life Sciences, Bakelite,Stora Enso, Korsnäs, Frantschach

Partners: STFI-Packforsk, VTT, Åbo Akademi, University of Aveiro, University of Lund, Chalmers University of Technology, Amorim

Objective: To upgrade low-value residual products from pulp and corkmanufacture into value-added bio-based chemicals.



5. RTD-activities National and EC Projects 5

CHRISGAS, Växjö University, Sweden,


Financing: Swedish energy agency, EU-FP6 and industry

Partners: Växjö University, Södra, Perstorp, Linde, TU Delft …….. (19 total)

Key research facility: Biomass fuelled pressurized IGCC plant in Värnamo, Sweden

Objective:To develop a large scale biomass gasification process to produceclean hydrogen-rich gas which can be used for the production of transport fuels.



5. RTD-activities National and EC Projects 6

Cluster Biorefinery

Coordinator: STFI-Packforsk

Duration:2005-2008, Budget: 2.8 M€

Financing: Industry

Participitants: Kemira, M-Real, Södra, Perstorp, Aracruz, Weyerhaeuser, UPM-Kymmene, Sappi, Alabama River Pulp

Objective: Novel technologies for valorisation of pulp mill residues – into value-added chemicals – without negatively affecting the overall process performance or the quality of the primary fibre products.



5. RTD-activities

STFI biorefining activities covers

� Existing alternatives (energy efficiency)

� Thermal route

� Value prior to pulping

� Value after pulping (spent liquors)



5. RTD-activities

STFIs Biorefinery Strategy

� Intact fibre production� Focus on the major components� Combine

• Efficient separation process• Mill integration

• Strong chemical competence• Selected applications

� Strategic cooperation with industruy and selected research centres

� Strong value chains



5. RTD-activities


Biofuels

Integrated

Energy

System

Fibre processing

Primary treat-ment

Pulpwood

Forestry/agriresidues and used recycled fibres

Pulp/paper

Chemicals

The Future Pulp Mill Biorefinery

Conver-sion

Conver-sion

Black liquor Heat, electricity



5. RTD-activities

By-products - Standard Kraft Pulp Mill

Unit: kg/t pulp

100

340

Birch

30

510

Spruce

40Xylan- black liquor

340Lignin - black liquor

Eucalypt



5. RTD-activities

STFI-VTT FORCE Concept

Gasification

Recovery

Separation processes

Pretreat-ment

Hemicelluloses

Forestryresidues

Pulping

CO2

Off-gas

Hydroxyacids

Lignin

Xylan

Cellulose fibres

Syngas(CO, H2)

Pretreat-ment

Hemicelluloses

Woodchips

Motor fuels

Fuel synthesis



5. RTD-activities

turning science into realityAxegård Overview Biorefing 2007-09-28 28

Carbon Fibres - HW Lignin

turning science into realityAxegård Overview Biorefing 2007-09-28 29

Lignin Dispersant – Case Kaolin/Water

Modified LignoBoostlignin added

No lignin added



5. RTD-activities Pilot Plants

1. Syngas from wood, Värnamo 2. Syngas from black liquor, Piteå

3. Ethanol from wood,

Örnsköldsvik


Pilot1 - Syngas from Wood

� CHRISGAS - Hydrogen Rich Syngas

� Key research facility: Biomass fuelled pressurized IGCC plant in Värnamo, Sweden

� Coordinator: Växjö University, Sweden,� www.chrisgas.com


Pilot 2 - Syngas from Black Liquor

� BLG2-program� Key research facility: Black liquor gasifier with quench and

gas cooler ( 20 T DS/d, 32 bar, 3 MW), Piteå, Sweden� Coordinator: ETC, Piteå, Sweden� www.etc.pitea.se/BLG

•> 1200 h accumulated run-time

•Continuous operation 2007

•Focus on long-term behaviour, process optimisation, scale-up and containment materials


Pilot 3 - Ethanol from Wood

� Ethanol Program� Key research facility: Pilot plant for acid and enzymatic

hydrolysis in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden� Coordinator: Sekab E-technology� www.sekab.com



5. RTD-activitiesDemonstration Plants 1

Future Resource Adopted Pulp Mill - FRAM2

Key research facility: Demonstration plant in Bäckhammar for lignin from black liquor (2007-2008, 20 t/d)



5. RTD-activitiesDemonstration Plants 1

Lignin from demo plant used as fuel in CHP together with coal

Succeful trial with oil replacementFirst Delivery to Fortum VärmeMarch 2007



6. Major National StakeholdersForest owners: Sveaskog, private owners

Pulp and paper industry: Södra, Domsjö (others will join shortly)

Chemical industry: Perstorp, Akzo

Energy industry: Fortum, E.on, Vattenfall, Preem, Statoil

Automotive industry: Volvo, SAAB

Other industry: Chemrec, SEKAB, SunPine

Agri industry: Lantmännen

Institutes; STFI-Packforsk, ETC

Universities: Växjö Univ., Umeå Univ. Univ. of Lund, Chalmers Univ. of Technology

GOs: Swedish Energy Agency

IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries...Objective: To improve the LignoBoost process, handling,...

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