IB Physics
description
Transcript of IB Physics
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IB Physics
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Folders, text books, calculators, data booklet.
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Assessment
• Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) 20%
• Paper 2 (Extended response- some choice) 32% SL, 36% HL
• Paper 3 (Options) 24% SL 20% HL
• Coursework SL-40 hours HL-60 hours 24%
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Assessment
• Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) 45mins SL 1 hr HL
• Paper 2 (Extended response- some choice) 1¼ hr SL, 2¼ hr HL
• Paper 3 (Options) 1 hr SL 1¼ HL
• Coursework SL-40 hours HL-60 hours
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Structure of course
• Year 12 – ALL standard level units (1 to 8)
• Year 13 – Options and HL units (9 – 14)
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www.mrsimonporter.wikispaces.com
• MrSimonPorter – home
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Safety
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Topic 1 – Physics and Physical measurement
Use the syllabus particularly when
studying for examinations
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Ranges of sizes, masses and times
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Order of magnitude
We can express small and large numbers using exponential notation
The number of atoms in 12g of carbon is approximately
600000000000000000000000
This can be written as 6 x 1023
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Order of magnitude
We can say to the nearest order of magnitude (nearest power of 10) that the number of atoms in 12g of carbon is 1024
(6 x 1023 is 1 x 1024 to one significant figure)
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Small numbers
Similarly the length of a virus is 2.3 x 10-8 m. We can say to the nearest order of magnitude the length of a virus is 10-8 m.
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Ranges of sizes, masses and times
You need to have an idea of the ranges of sizes, masses and times that occur in the universe.
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Size
Can you think of 5 objects? Can you then list them in order of decreasing size (length)
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Size
Which is the smallest on your list? What size is it to the nearest order of magnitude?
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Size
The smallest objects that you need to consider in IB physics are subatomic particles (protons and neutrons).
These have a size (to the nearest order of magnitude) of 10-15 m.
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Size
Which is the largest on your list? How large is it to the nearest order of magnitude?
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Size
The largest object that you need to consider in IB physics is the Universe.
The Universe has a size (to the nearest order of magnitude) of 1025 m.
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Mass
On your paper can you estimate the masses of the largest and smallest objects you have written?
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Mass
The lightest particle you have to consider is the electron. What do you think the mass of the electron is?
10-30 kg!(0.000000000000000000000000000001 kg)
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Mass
We have already decided that the Universe is the largest object. What do you think its mass is?
1050 kg
(100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 kg)
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Time
Now think of 5 time intervals
(For example, the time it takes to walk from Maths to Physics, the time it takes to walk from Physics to Maths etc.)
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Time
The smallest time interval you need to know is the time it takes light to travel across a nucleus.
Can you estimate it?
10-24 seconds
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Time
What’s the longest time interval you thought of?
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The age of the universe.
Any ideas?
Time
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Time
The age of the universe.
12 -14 billion years
1018 seconds
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Copy please!
Size10-15 m to 1025 m (subatomic particles to the
extent of the visible universe)Mass
10-30 kg to 1050 kg (mass of electron to the mass of the Universe)
Time10-24 s to 1018 s (time for light to cross a
nucleus to the age of the Universe)
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A common ratio – Learn this!
Hydrogen atom ≈ 10-10 m
Proton ≈ 10-15 m
Ratio of diameter of a hydrogen atom to its nucleus
= 10-10/10-15 = 105
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Estimation
For IB you have to be able to make order of magnitude estimates.
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Estimation/Guess
What’s the difference?
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
A fast South American one!
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108 m, Re = 6.35 x 106 m)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime.
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run.
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (Rs = 6.96 x 108, Re = 6.35 x 106)
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (6.96 x 108)3/(6.35 x 106)3 = 106
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Estimate the following:
1. The mass of an apple 10-1 kg
2. The number of times a human heart beats in a lifetime. 70x60x24x365x70=109
3. The speed a cockroach can run. 100 m/s
4. The number of times the earth will fit into the sun (6.96 x 108)3/(6.35 x 106)3 = 106
(to the nearest order of magnitude)
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Let’s do some more estimating!