HPHE 6720 - Topic 1

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Topic 1:

Maximal Oxygen Consumption

(VO2max) Testing

Laboratory Manual Section 02

HPHE 6720

Dr. Cheatham

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Goals for this Topic

Understand the physiological basis for VO2max

Understand the use of indirect calorimetry to

measure VO2

Become familiar with the protocols, equipment,testing procedures to measure VO2max

Become familiar with using the two different

metabolic measurement systems

Be able to collect, interpret, and analyze VO2max

data

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Physiological Basis

VO2 = CO (CaO2 CvO2)

VO2

= VA

(FI

O2

FE

O2

)

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Metabolic Computations VO2

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Metabolic Computations VO2

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Metabolic Computations VCO2

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Metabolic Computations RQ

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How is VO2maxExpressed?

Absolute VO2 The actual amount of oxygen your body utilizes

Usually in LO2/min or mLO2/min

Relative VO2 The amount of oxygen your body used per kilogram

of bodyweight mLO2/kg/min

Allows comparison between people of different

sizes.

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Absolute vs Relative VO2

VO2max = 5 LO2/min VO2max = 4 LO2/min

Body Mass = 230 lbs (104.5 kg) Body Mass = 150 lbs (68.2 kg)

VO2max = 47.8 mLO2/kg/min VO2max = 58.7 mLO2/kg/min

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Protocols to Assess VO2max

Mode of testing should be appropriate to the

individual being tested.

For athletes, should be sport specific.

Treadmill vs. Cycle Ergometer vs. Other

Incremental Stages

Continuous vs. Discontinuous

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General Protocol Guidelines: A beginning stage that is at a low intensity in order

to allow for an adequate warm-up.

A consistent and gradual increase in exerciseintensity.

An incremental increase in exercise intensity as to

allow for the test to finish in an appropriate amount

of time (8-15 minutes).

A protocol that is appropriate to the subject. I.e.

walking vs. running, appropriate treadmill speed (if

treadmill is used).


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Treadmill Protocols

Established Protocols

Bruce, Modified Bruce

Balke, Naughton, Astrand (Not the Cycle Test)


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A generalized treadmill protocol:

Example Treadmill Protocol

2 minute walking stage (3.0 mph, 0% grade)2 minute running stage (appropriate running speed, 0% grade)

1 minute stages keeping running speed constant and increasing grade 2.5 %

to 3%)

Note: If possible, it is advantageous to have the subject get on the treadmillbefore the actual test and to increase the treadmill speed until a

comfortable running speed is achieved.


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Cycle Ergometer Protocols

Example Cycle Ergometer Protocol

2 minutes at 40 Watts (female) or 60 Watts (male)

1 minute stages in which the Watts are increased 20 Watts every minute


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Equipment to Measure VO2max

Mode of Testing Treadmill

Cycle Ergometer

Mechanically braked cycle (Monark)

Magnetically/Electronically Braked

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Metabolic Measurement Cart

Allows for the measurement of Ventilation, O2 and

CO2 of expired air

Does calculations for you


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Heart Rate Measurement Telemetry (Polar HR Monitor)

ECG (CM5)


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Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Borg 6-20 Scale

Borg 0-10 Scale

Use standardized directions

During the exercise test we want you to pay close attention to how hard you

feel the exercise work rate is. This feeling should reflect your total amount of

exertion and fatigue, combining all sensations and feelings of physical stress,

effort, and fatigue. Dont concern yourself with any one factor such as leg

pain, shortness of breath, or exercise intensity, but try to concentrate on your

total, inner feeling of exertion. Try not to underestimate or overestimate your

feeling of exertion; be as accurate as you can.


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Performing the Test

Greet the patient / client Explain the test, equipment, etc. Obtain informed consent

Obtain baseline measurements Record environmental conditions Record age, height, weight Calculate predicted Max HR, 85% Max HR Record resting HR and BP

Calibrate Equipment Instruct patient / client on how to perform the

test Treadmill use Borg Scale

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Instrument subject ECG or Polar HR

Mouthpiece / Noseclips

Begin test

Record appropriate measurements during test HR usually every 30 sec

RPE, BP at end of each stage

Use appropriate data recording sheet Terminate test when appropriate

Allow subject to actively cool-down Monitor HR and BP

Performing the Test

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Criteria for Test Termination

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Achieving True Maximal Measurement

Objective criteria are established to determinewhether a true maximal measurement was

achieved. Plateau in oxygen consumption

Increase less than 150 mLO2/min with increasing exerciseintensity

Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) VCO2/VO2 RER > 1.1 or 1.15

Heart Rate Within 10 beats of age-predicted max HR

RPE Scale RPE > 17

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VO2maxStatistics

Olympic Athletes

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Age

VO2maxStatistics

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VO2maxNorms

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VO2maxNorms

l

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VO2maxClass Project

Research Question: Is there a statistically significant difference between

VO2max values obtained from a treadmill test versus

a cycle ergometry test?

Methods:

At least six students will perform a VO2max

test on a

treadmill and a cycle ergometer

We will then perform some statistical analyses to

answer the research question.

HPHE 6720 - Topic 1

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