Hospitality Unit7

Part OnePreparation

1. Word Association2. Why Do People Travel ?3. Quotations About Travel

Part One: Preparation >> Word Association

Word Association

Work in groups. Write as many words related to travel as you can.


excursion, tour,

trip, journey,

voyage, crossing,

flight, picnic,

exploratory trip,

package tour,…

bus, coach, boat, ship, train, plane, bike,…

Varieties of travel Means of transportation


places of interest, scenic spots, historic sites,

museum, beach, resort, mountain,

natural wonders,…

Tourist attractionsEntertainment

activities

skating, skiing, water-skiing, surfing, wind-

surfing, sailing, kayaking, diving,

sunbathing, fishing, horse-back

riding, mountaineering expedition,…


Things to takebackpack (rucksack),

luggage, suitcase, (video) camera, food, money,

foreign exchange, traveler’s check, cash, currency, credit

card, map, passport, visa, itinerary, phrase book,

guidebook, tent, sleeping bag, compass, telescope,

airfare, train ticket,…

Where to stay


Other words about travel

travel agency, travel bureau, travel agent, tourist group, travel accident insurance, tourism, guide, route, landmark, natives, scenery, landscape, souvenir,…

hotel, inn, motel,

youth hostel,

campsite

(campground

AmE), mountain

refuge, pub, B&B

(bed and

breakfast),…

Part One: Preparation >> Why Do People Travel?

Why Do People Travel ?

Read the following quotations to find the reasons why these people travel. Then work in pairs and discuss other possible reasons for travel.


1) When you combine learning with a fun experience, you have an irresistible mixture. (From Reader’s Digest)

2) The reason you want to book packages is because packages come with components put together for you. (From “Bob Kaufman at Apple Vacation”)

3) The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page. (St. Augustine)

Quotations for travelQuotations for travel


Sample

1) They would like to experience something new when traveling and learn from the experience.

2) They would like to have a comfortable journey and enjoy the convenience offered by a package tour.

3) They would like to see the world and to understand different cultures.

Reasons:


— To marvel at the wonder of Great Nature. — To experience something unfamiliar.— To escape from a boring lifestyle.— To have a change.— To be fashionable and follow suit.— To leave a fond memory for later reflection.— To have thorough relaxation.— To expand/broaden one’s horizons.— To know the history of some places. — To learn about the special flavor of a certain culture.

Other possible reasons for travel:


— To enjoy life to its fullest.— To share romance with one’s beloved.— To enjoy the serenity of pastoral life.— To expect a miracle.— To fulfill the curiosity for something exotic.— To challenge the extremes of one’s life.— To experience something one learned from books or somewhere else.— To kill time.— To make new friends.— To have a second chance.— To free oneself from prejudice.

Part One: Preparation >> Quotations for travel

Quotations About Travel● Seeing is believing.

眼见为实。● A blind man who leans against a wall

imagines that it’s the boundary of the world. 坐井观天。● He that travels far, knows much. 游历远，见识渊。● With Latin, a horse, and money, you may

travel the world. 有马有钱有学问，独自一人走天下。● A smooth sea never made a skilled mariner. 平静的海洋练不出熟练的水手。

● Better to ask the way than go astray. 问路比迷路强。● Custom is the guide of the ignorant. 习俗是无知者的向导。● Cheerful company shortens the miles. 旅有好旅伴，不觉行程远。● Travel, in the younger sort, is a part of

education; in the elder, a part of experience.

—Lord Francis Bacon 旅行，于年轻人是教育，于成年人是经验。 —— 弗兰西斯 ·培根


● Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, and many of our people need it sorely on these accounts. Broad, wholesome, charitable views of men and things cannot be acquired by vegetating in one little corner of the earth all one's lifetime. —Mark Twain


● … nothing so liberalizes a man and expands the kindly instincts that nature put in him as travel and contact with many kinds of people. —Mark Twain

End of Part1

Go to Part 2


Part Two

Reading-Centered Activities

1. In-Class Reading2. After-Class Reading

In-Class Reading

Transformative Travel

Global Reading

Detailed Reading

Post-Reading

Part Two: In-Class Reading >>

Pre-reading

Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Pre-Reading

Pre-reading

Dream Trips in My Life

Background Information

The Introduction of Aruba


Background:

Discovered and claimed by Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.

Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea

Area : 193 sq km; slightly larger than Washington, DC

Background Information


Population: 71,218 (July 2004)

Climate: tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation

Nationality: n. Aruban(s) adj. Aruban; Dutch

Ethnic groups: mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%

Languages: Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish

Economy-overview: Tourism is the mainstay of the small open Aruban economy, with offshore banking and oil refining and storage also important.

Work in pairs and tell each other three places where you would make your dream trips if you had the time and money. Explain your reasons for your choice.


Dream Trips in My Life

If I had money and time, I would make my dream trips first to Greece, next to Paris and then to Austria. I choose Greece first because I’m very much interested in ancient Greek civilization and I am longing for a visit to the Parthenon, the most important and characteristic monument of Greek civilization.

Paris is my second choice because it is a romantic city and the heaven for artists. Paris is known as the “City of Lights” for its world-renowned beauty and charm. The Louvre, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world, is located on the right bank of the Seine River. The Eiffel Tower, the Notre Dame Cathedral and the Palace of Versailles are all attractive places of interest.

Sample


I choose Austria out of my love for classical music. The Land of Music is a name often given to Austria, the hometown of many world-famous classical musicians such as the Strauss family, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Franz Schubert.

Hopefully, my dream will come true some day. As you can see, all these places are located in Europe and it won’t cost too much to visit them and it won’t take too long before I can save enough to cover the expenses.


Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Global Reading

Global Reading

Organization Analysis

Summary



Part I

Part II

(para. 1-3)

(para. 4-6)

I felt like a wreck for I was dissatisfied with my job and my engagement.

I traveled to Aruba to transform myself.

Part III

Part IV

(para. 7-14)

(para. 15)

My trip to Aruba started a number of processes of self-change.

I would continue going on transformative trips to keep my growth in the future.

>> More

>> More

>> More


para. 1

Part I (para. 1-3)

I felt like a wreck and was at a loss.

para. 2

para. 3

I felt trapped in the job and the engagement because of the fantasy of being a successful and married man.

On impulse, I made commitments to quit my job and end my engagement publicly.


Part II (para. 4-6)

para. 4

para. 5

para. 6

I had mixed feelings about the two commitments I made publicly and then I booked a trip to Aruba.

I wanted a clean break in order to think clearly where I was headed.

When I was in Aruba I had the peace and quiet to sort out my thoughts and I had the chance to change myself.


Part III (para.7-14)

para. 7

para. 8

para. 9

para. 10

My trip to Aruba was worthwhile and it started a number of processes to transform myself.

I created mindset that made me ready for change.

I insulated myself from the usual influences in my life and the people whose approval was most important.

I structured my life in order to produce change and growth.


para. 11

para. 12

para. 13

para. 14

I pushed myself to experiment with new ways of being.

I made public commitments of what I intended to do, so it would be harder to back down.

I processed my experiences systematically.

I made changes when I returned that continued the transformation that started while I was in Aruba.


Summary

Complete the summary of the text with the appropriate words in the box. Change the form where necessary. There is one word which does not fit in any of the blanks.


Dissatisfied with both my job and my 1) __________, I went on a trip to the little island of Aruba to transform myself by 2) _________ myself from the usual 3) _________ . With all my heart, I 4) __________ my time for the tasks carefully 5) _______ and pushed myself to try new ways of living. 6) ________ that I backed down, I made public promises of what I planned to do. All of my experiences were well 7) ________ for examination and improvement. Finally when I returned I kept making 8) ________ that continued the transformation started in Aruba. As I had 9) ________ much from the trip, I would 10) _______ making transformative trips to continue my growth.

engagement

separating influencesarranged

chosenIn case

processed

changesbenefited

go on

go on head for in case benefit engagement arrange influence change choose process separate

Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading

Detailed ReadingPassage

ReadingUnderstanding Sentences

Word StudyGroup Discussion


Word Study

commitment n.1. [C] a promise to do something 承诺，保证

1) Are you ready to make a long-term commitment?

2) Our company has a commitment to quality and customer service.

2. [U] state of being devoted to something 致力，献身于1) I was impressed by the commitment and energy shown by

the players.

2) We’re looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.


commit v.1. say you will do something commit sb./oneself (to sth./to doing sth.) 向某人 / 自己保证 1) He has clearly committed his government to continuing

down the path of economic reform.2) The banks have committed themselves to boosting profits

by slashing costs.

2. do something wrong or illegal 做，犯 commit murder/rape/arson/adultery/a crime, etc

1) Women commit fewer crimes than men.2) commit suicide (=to kill yourself deliberately)

Back to the text

cf.


transition n. something changes from one form/state to another 转变；过渡1) We need to ensure a smooth transition between the old

system and the new one.

2) Making the transition from the youth to adulthood can be very painful.

3) He will remain head of state during the period of transition to democracy.

4) This course is useful for students who are in transition (=in the process of changing) from one training program to

another. Back to the text


transform v.completely change the appearance, form or character of something/somebody 完全改变某事物／人的外观或特性transform sth./sb. (from sth.) (into sth.)

1) The company has been transformed from a family business to a multi-million-pound operation.

2) In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.

3) A steam engine transforms heat into power.


transformation n.

a complete change in somebody/something （外观或性质的）改变，转变transformation (from sth.) (to/into sth.)

1) His character seems to have undergone a complete transformation since his marriage.

2) What a transformation! You look great!

Back to the text

cf.


break n.[singular] discontinuation or end of a relationship 中止或断绝关系1) He was beginning to regret his break with the Labor Party.

Back to the text

2) It was years before I plucked up enough courage to make a clean break and leave him.


reach v. communicate with (somebody), esp. by telephone 与（某人）联系 ; （尤指）给（某人）打电话

1) Do you know where I can reach him?

2) I can’t reach him by phone/on the phone.

3) You can reach her on this phone number.

Back to the text


pay off1. pay sth. off to give someone all the money you owe them 全部偿还；偿清

I’ll pay off all my debts first.

2. pay off [no object] (of a risky policy, course of action, etc.) bring good result; be successful; work （尤指冒风险的政策、做法等）带来好结果，成功，行得通

Teamwork paid off.


3. pay sb. off to pay someone their wages and tell them no longer have a job 付清某人工资予以解雇

The company paid off as many workers as it could before bankruptcy.

4. pay sb. off to pay someone not to say anything about something

illegal or dishonest 贿赂某人；用钱收买某人使之不做某事All the witnesses had been paid off.

Back to the text


horizon n. 1. on the horizon to seem likely to happen in the future 即将发生的；临近的1) Business is good now, but there are a few problems on the horizon.2) There’s trouble looming on the horizon.

2. the horizon the line far away where the land or sea seems to meet the sky 地平线1) The sun sank below the horizon.2) We could see a ship on the horizon.


3. horizons (pl) the limit of your ideas, knowledge, and experience （知识﹑经验﹑兴趣等的）范围，见识，眼界 broaden/expand sb.’s horizons

1) The company needs new horizons now.

Back to the text

2) She wanted to travel to broaden her horizons.


insulate v.

1. to keep someone apart from particular experiences or influences, especially unpleasant ones 使某人 / 某物与不良影响隔绝1) The royal family tried to insulate him from the prying eyes of the media.

2) Until now the industry has been insulated from economic realities.


2. to cover or protect something with a material that stops electricity, sound, heat, etc. from getting in or out （使事物）隔离或绝缘（尤指对热量、电流或声音）

1) Pipes may need insulating from/against the cold.

Back to the text

2) Home owners are being encouraged to insulate their homes to save energy.


approval n.1. when a plan/decision is officially accepted 批准；同意1) The president has already given/granted his approval to the plan.

2) We received/obtained official approval to go ahead with the project.2. favorable opinion or judgment 赞成；认可1) I hope that the arrangements meet with your approval.

2) His ideas have won widespread public approval.

3) Children are always seeking approval from their parents.Back to the

text


elicit v.

to succeed in getting information or a reaction from someone, especially when this is difficult 从某人处引诱出，探出（事实，反应等）1) When her knock elicited no response, she opened the door and peeped in.

2) The test uses pictures to elicit words from the child.

Back to the text


being n.

[U] existence 存在

2) Do you know how Mount Fuji came into being?

Back to the text

1) What is the purpose of our being?


sample vt.1. to try a small amount of food; to experience something for a short time 品尝，尝试，体验 1) You should sample the local food.

2) Once you’ve sampled the pleasures/delights of country life, you won’t want to live in the city.

2. to test part of something or a group of people in order to find out what the rest is like 抽样调查

Twelve percent of the children sampled said they preferred dogs to cats.


sample n. [C]1. a small amount of product that people can try in order to find out what it is like 样品，货样1) As part of their advertising campaign, they distributed samples of the new shampoo.

2) “I’d like to see a sample of your work”, said the manager.

2. a small amount of a substance taken and tested to obtain information about the substance （化验的）样本，取样，标本

1) The doctor took the blood sample of the patient.

2) Samples of the water contained pesticide.


3. a small group of people who have been chosen from a larger group to give information or answers to questions 被抽样调查的人1) The sample consisted of 98 secondary school teachers.

2) Out of random sample of drivers, 21% had been in an accident in the previous year.

Back to the text


reinforce v.1. to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger 加强；给（某事物）更多的支持1) His behavior reinforced my admiration of him.

2) The film reinforces the idea that women should be pretty and dumb.

2. to make a structure, material or an army stronger 加固；增加军事力量1) All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes.

2) The US has undertaken to reinforce its military presence along the borders. Back to the

text


back down (BrE); back off (AmE)

to admit that you are wrong or that you have lost an argument 放弃，认输，打退堂鼓

1) When presented with the evidence, the suspect backed down.

2) The government backed down on/from the proposal to cut the defense budget.

Back to the text


perspective n.[C] a particular way of thinking about something 视角，观点1) His father’s death gave him a whole new perspective on life.

2) Our work in Uganda and Romania adds a wider/broader perspective.

Back to the text

3) The novel Harry Potter is written from a child’s perspective.


incorporate v.1. to include something as part of a group, system, plan etc. 包括；合并；吸收1) We’ve incorporated many environmentally-friendly features into/in the designs of the building.

2) Many of your suggestions have been incorporated into/in the plan.

2. to form a legal corporation 组成公司1) We had to incorporate the company for tax reasons.2) He decided to incorporate his business.

Back to the text


dimension n.

a part of a situation or a quality involved in it 方面；侧面add a new/an extra/another dimension (to sth.)

1) It is important to keep in mind the historical dimension to these issues.

Back to the text

2) The baby had added a new dimension to their lives.


Directions: Work in groups to discuss the following questions.

What do you think of transformative travel? Do you think it could be helpful? If so, in what way? What are the disadvantages of transformative travel?

Can you think of any other ways to help people make changes in their lives? What are they? Which way do you think is the most effective and economical?

Group Discussion


Sample

I think it’s interesting and effective. Any change in scenery or surroundings can be beneficial. Yet it is too expensive, too self-centered and too time-consuming. Isolating oneself from one’s friends and family doesn’t seem to be the best way for transformation to take place. Anyway, one has to get back to their friends and family who are important to their life and happiness.


Sample

Other possible ways to make changes:—to do new and different things (sports, reading, painting);—to do things to help other people;—to look for a new job;—to find a new hobby.I think the most effective way is to help other people.

Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading

Post-ReadingNouns or

VerbsWord Formation

Translation


Nouns or VerbsDirections: The words in the box can be used either as nouns or verbs. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word. The words can be used twice. Change the form if necessary.

book process sample value structure trap appeal end

1. Winning the competition put a(n) _________ to his financial problems.2. She has _________ a table for four at their favorite restaurant.3. Jack left the job after ten years because he was beginning to feel _________.

end

trapped

booked



4. It is not enough just to have ________ learning.5. Our conversation ________ with him saying he would try to be more understanding.6. Does the idea of working abroad ________ to you?7. Hopefully, the thief will fall right into our ________.8. The new name was meant to give the party greater public ________.9. Please bring some ________ of your work to the interview. 10. The chemical _________ of this particular molecule ( 分子 ) is very unusual.

samples

appeal

appeal

trap

ended

book

structure



11. His contribution was of little or no practical ________.12. They _________ the program to reach all ages.13. We __________ a selection of different bottled waters.14. My new laptop ( 笔记本电脑 ) can _________ information much more quickly than my old one.15. The bank ________ the house at less than the price the seller was asking.16. Increasing the number of women in top management jobs will be a slow _________.

valuestructured

process

process

valued

sampled


Word FormationDirections: Study each pair of sentences and fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate form of the word given. Pay attention to the part of speech of the word you use.1) empty A. I _________ out my bag to find my keys. B. The isolation and _________ of her life is typical of what many Asian women in Britain face.

2) terrify A. She’s __________ that her mother might find out her secret. B. I still find it _________ to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses.

emptiedemptiness

terrified

terrifying


3) entertain A. His books aren’t always well-written, but they are always ___________. B. This season’s ____________ includes five new plays and several concerts of Chinese and Indian music.

4) introduce A. Your report should include an ___________ chapter that explains the objectives of your research. B. Any ___________ of a new product into the marketplace has to be carefully planned.

introduction

introductory

entertainment

entertaining


5) employ A. We have _________ a market researcher to find out what people really want from cable TV. B. How long have you been looking for ___________?

6) transform A. The reorganization will _________ the British entertainment industry. B. In recent years the film industry has undergone a complete _____________.

employed

employment

transformation

transform


7) convince A. I wasn’t _________ at all by his arguments of the truth of what she was saying. B. I didn’t find the ending of the film very ___________.

8) approve A. She looked at her son with ________. B. I don’t _________ of smoking in public places.

convinced

approvalapprove

convincing


9) isolate A. A high wall ________ the house from the rest of the village. B. After all the guests had left, she experienced a feeling of complete _________.

10) reinforce A. I am sure that this meeting will contribute to the ____________ of peace and security all over the world. B. Conclusions from the report have been _________ by more recent studies.

isolation

reinforced

reinforcement

isolates


Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in the brackets.

1) 我没料想到上演一个剧本需要这么多的工作。 (involve)

I didn’t realize putting on/staging a play involved so much work.

2) 最重要的不是你说的，而是你做的。 ( … not that… but that… )

The most important thing is not what you say but what you do.


4) 你不是第一次处于这种情形。 (find oneself…)

It isn’t the first time that you’ve found yourself in such a situation.

5) 这个困难促使我动脑筋找出答案。 (challenge)

This difficulty challenges my mind to find an answer.

6) 将要出现的新的威胁是失业。 (on the horizon, unemployment)

The new threat on the horizon is unemployment.

This is the best result that can be expected in such circumstances.

3) 在这样的情况下，这个结果是所能期待的最好的。 (in such circumstances)


He slipped into the old habit of drinking.

8) 他喝酒的老毛病又犯了。 (slip into)

We have alternative ways of expressing the same idea.

7) 我们有不同的方法表达同样的想法。 (alternative)

End of In-Class Reading

Go to After-Class Reading

Part Two: After-Class Reading >>

After-Class Reading

Passage I

Passage II

The Romance of Train Travel

Aruba

Comprehending the passageOrganization

AnalysisWords and ExpressionsKey

SentencesMain Points

Part Two: After-Class Reading >> Passage I

The Romance of Train Travel

Passage I


Comprehending the Passage

Answer the following questions as fully as possible.

1. What is the common goal shared by carmakers, airline owners, and the planners of mass transit systems?

The goal is to provide the passengers with faster and faster ways to reach their destinations.

2. Why does a train whistle evoke a feeling of nostalgia?

Because it makes people remember a thriller that took place on a train.


3. Why was “Orient Express” so well-known? Because it carried royalty, the rich, spies, and dangerous international criminals. It was the scene of mystery, crime and often history.

4. What happened to “Orient Express” after WWII? What kind of train does it become now?It went out of business after WWII. Now it is restored and offers luxury.

5. What does the trip in “Trans-Siberian Special” offer to its passengers?The trip offers a daily lecture in which an expert explains Russian history and culture to passengers.


6. Who would probably be attracted by a typical journey on “Mystery Express”?

People who have always wanted to play a role in an Agatha Christie play or a Sherlock Holmes detective novel.7. Why is “Toy Train” appealing to passengers?Because it travels through rich, luxurious forests with flowers, trees and various birds.

8. Which is the most unusual Indian train according to the passage?

It is “The Great Indian Rover”.



Part One (para. 1)

Part Two (para. 2)

High speed of the modern travel is a distinguishing characteristic of the modern world.

People have a sense of nostalgia for the slower pace of life.


Part Three (para. 3)

Part Four (para. 4-9)

People have a feeling of nostalgia for the train travel because of its romance.

Seven tours by train are available for the travelers who enjoy romance of the past. >>

More



para. 4

para. 5

para. 6

“Orient Express” offers adventure for its passengers in the past but now it offers luxury.

“Trans-Siberian Special” offers opportunities to go sightseeing and to get some cultural experience for its passengers.

“Mystery Express” provides its passengers with entertainment in the form of a mystery game.


para. 7

para. 8

para. 9

“Toy Train” travels through luxurious forests of India and enables passengers to see a variety of beautiful things.

“Palace on Wheels” is for travelers with more time and money because its luxurious cars used to belong to an Indian prince.

“Great Indian Rover” is for travelers who are interested in religion.


• transit >>

• bring on >>

• sightseeing >>

• board >>

• take advantage of >>

• once in a while >>

• figure out >>

• tell of >>

Words and Expressions


transit n. [U]

1. a system of public transportation 交通系统● The government promised to improve public transit.

● mass transit system 大运力的公共交通系统2. the process of being moved or carried from one place to another 载运；运输

● The luggage is damaged in transit (=while it is being moved).


(every) once in a whileoccasionally; from time to time; now and then 偶尔；间或

● Once in a while we go to a restaurant — but usually we eat at home.

● I do get a little anxious every once in a while.


bring sth. on

to make something develop, usually something unpleasant 导致，造成或引起某事物● The bright lights brought on a crushing headache?

● He was suffering from stress brought on by overwork.


tell of

to describe an event or person 讲述；描述● That notice told of the proposed job cuts.

● The poem tells of the deeds of a famous warrior.


take advantage of sth./sb.1. to make use of something well; to make use of an opportunity 充分利用● We took advantage of the hotel facilities.

● She took advantage of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms.2. to make use of somebody/something in a way that is unfair or dishonest （为达到个人目的而不正当地或不老实地）利用某人或某事● Don’t lend them the car—they are taking advantage of you!

● You took unfair advantage of our friendship.


board v. 1. (formal) to get on a bus, plane, train etc. in order to

travel somewhere 上（公共汽车、飞机、火车、船等）去某地● The couple boarded the train for New York.● Passengers were standing on the dock, waiting to board.

2. be boarding if a plane or ship is boarding, passengers are getting onto it 可登（飞机、船等）

● Flight BA193 for Paris is now boarding at Gate 37.● Flight 678 will board passengers.


on board n.

on or in a ship, a plane, or a train 在船上；在飞机上；在火车上● There are 12 children on board

the ship.

● Have the soldiers gone on board yet?


figure out

1. to think about somebody/something until you understand them/it 　理解某人／某事物；弄明白

● Women, I just can’t figured them out.

● I can figure out how to do this.

2. to calculate an amount or the cost of something 计算出● Have you figure out how much the trip will cost?


sightseeing n. [U]when you visit famous or interesting places, especially as tourists 观光；游览● She swam and sunbathed, went sightseeing and relaxed.

● Did you have a chance to do any sightseeing?

sightseer n. [C]someone, especially a tourist, who is visiting a famous or interesting place 　观光客；游人

● Oxford attracts large number of visitors and sightseers.

cf.


1. There’s a sense of romance about a train that simply doesn’t exist on a modern jet plane.

TranslationParaph

raseComments

Examples

有一种关于火车的浪漫情愫是在现代喷气式飞机上根本不存在的。 There’s an air of romance about a train which absolutely doesn’t exist on a modern jet plane.

The attributive clause “that simply doesn’t exist on a modern jet plane” modifies the noun “romance”. The word “simply” means “completely, absolutely”.● His pronunciation is simply terrible!

Key Sentences


2. Soon after that, however, an American businessman began to buy the old “Orient Express” cars and fix them up.

Paraphrase

Comments

Examples

然而没过多久，一个美国商人着手购买并整修了老 “东方快车” 的车厢。However, soon after that, an American businessman began to purchase, decorate and repair the carriages of the old “Orient Express”.

Here the word “car” refers to “train carriage” ( 火车车厢 ). The pronoun “them” refers to “the cars”. The phrase “fix sth.up” means “to decorate or repair something”.● We fixed up the guest bedroom before my parents came to stay.

Translation


3. In addition, there is a bonus on this trip; this extra advantage is a daily lecture on board the train in which an expert explains Russian history and culture to the passengers.

Paraphrase

除此以外，这趟旅行还有一个意外收获，就是车上每天有讲座，由一位专家向旅客讲解俄罗斯历史和文化。Besides, there is a bonus on this trip; the extra benefit is that an expert gives a daily lecture on board to explain Russian history and culture to the passengers.

Translation


Comments

Examples

The attributive clause “in which an expert explains Russian history and culture to the passengers” modifies the noun “lecture”. The noun “advantage” in this sentence is an uncountable noun which means “benefit or profit” (益处；利益 ).

● There is little advantage in buying a dictionary if you can’t read.

● It will be to your advantage to study Chinese.


4. On this six-day tour from Calcutta, passengers travel to a town in Nepal, where Buddha was born, and also to the place where Prince Gautama sat under the bodhi tree and became Buddha.

Comments

在这趟从加尔各答出发为期 6天的旅行中，旅客们会去尼泊尔的一个小镇，那里是佛陀的出生之地，还会去乔达摩王子在菩提树下修炼成佛的地方。Notice the two attributive clauses used in this sentence. The non-restrictive attributive clause “where Buddha was born” modifies the noun “Nepal” and the restrictive attributive clause “where Prince Gautama sat under the bodhi tree and became Buddha” modifies the noun “place”.

Translation


People are always on the move and the fast speed is one of the main characteristics of the modern world. The mass transit systems are fast. However, many people actually want to slow down. They have a strong sense of nostalgia for the slower pace of life of the past. There is a romance of train travel which does not exist on the modern means of transportation. Some railroad companies take advantage of people’s nostalgia for train travel to offer tours by train. Those unique tours are as follows: the tour on “Orient Express”, the tour on “Trans-Siberian Special”, the tour on “Mystery Express”, the tour on “Toy Train”, the tour on “Palace on Wheels” and the tour on “The Great Indian Rover”.

Main Points

Comprehending the passageOrganization

AnalysisWords and ExpressionsKey

SentencesMain Points

Part Two: After-Class Reading >> Passage II

Passage IIAruba


Answer the following questions as fully as possible.1. What major character of the Arubans can you learn

about from the passage?

The Arubans are very cordial.

2. What kind of night activities can tourists take part in if they are in Aruba during the New Year’s holiday?

Tourists can go to the gambling casinos and night clubs to have fun. They can also enjoy the spectacular midnight fireworks display.

Comprehending the passage


3. What daytime activities are tourists recommended to participate in while they visit Aruba?

They are recommended to participate in such activities as swimming, sunbathing, diving, windsurfing, etc.

4. Why was the ship “California” so “notorious”?The ship received the distress signals of the sinking “Titanic” in that Atlantic Ocean tragedy but it failed to respond.

5. Besides the sunny beaches and night clubs, what else does Aruba boast?

Aruba also boasts a fascinating history and many historic sites to show for it.


Part One (para. 1)

Part Two (para. 2)

The Arubans are cordial all the year round but are especially hospitable during the New Year’s holiday.

Aruba has many spectacular daytime attractions.



The fantastic scenery in Aruba and the cordiality of its people make it a really beautiful and precious part of the Caribbean islands.


Part Three (para. 3)

Aruba boasts many historic sites, natural wonders, shopping facilities and casinos for entertainment.


• be descended from>> • attraction >>

• historic >>

• facility >>

• notorious >>

• firework >>

• boast >>

• stretch >>

Words and Expressions


be descended from to be related to somebody who lived a long time ago 为某人的后裔● He claims to be descended from the Spanish prince.

● We are descended from the kings of Ireland.

descendant n.one descended from a certain ancestor; an offspring 后代 /裔

● He was a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.

● Many of them are descendants of the original settlers.


firework n.1. [C] [usually plural] a small container filled with powder

that burns or explodes to produce colored lights and noise in the sky 烟火

● The boys were in the back yard setting off fireworks.2. [spoken] display of anger, wit, etc. 愤怒、机智等的表现● There’ll be fireworks if I get home late again.● Just watch the fireworks when your father catches those boys.3. something that is exciting and impressive 令人兴奋的事情● If anything can produce fireworks, it is the sweetheart’s kiss or the touch of a lover’s hand.


attraction n. [C]something interesting or enjoyable to see or do 有吸引力的事物● The beautiful beaches are the island’s main attraction (=most popular place, activity, etc.).

● Buckingham Palace is a major tourist attraction (=a place that many tourists visit).


stretch v.

to straighten your arms, legs, or body to full length 伸展（四肢）；伸懒腰● Sally sat up in bed, yawned, and stretched.

● Always stretch before exercising.

● He stretched out his arm to take the book.

● She stretched her neck up.


notorious adj.

famous or well-known for something bad 臭名昭著的；声名狼藉的● The bar has become notorious as a meeting-place for drug dealers.

● The country is notorious for its appalling prison conditions.


facility n. rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose 设施● sports/leisure facilities

● shopping/banking/cooking facilities

● The hotel has special facilities for welcoming disabled people.

● All rooms have private facilities (=a private bathroom).


boast v.1. (not used in the progressive tenses) (written) to have

something that is impressive and that you can be proud of 有（引以为荣的事物）● The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.

2. to talk with too much pride about something that you have or can do 自夸；自吹自擂● She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.● He openly boasted of his skill as a burglar.


historic adj.1. a historic place or building is very old 古旧的

● The government funded the restoration of those historic buildings.

● There are many scenic spots and historic sites in this city.2. a historic event or act is very important and will be recorded as part of the history 历史性的；有历史意义的

● That is a historic meeting of world leaders.

● “It is a historic moment”, he told journalists.


cf.

historical adj.1. relating to the past 历史 ( （上）的● It is important to look at the novel in its historical context.● We should know about the historical background to the war.

2. connected to the study of history 以对历史的研究为基础的；依据历史科学的● I have been doing some historical research.● We have no historical evidence for it.

3. historical events, facts, people etc. happened or existed in the past 真实的，有史可记的

● Was King Arthur a real historical figure?


bet n. [C]

1. an agreement to risk money on the result of a race, game, competition etc. 赌博

● A few of us had a bet on who’d get married first.

● If he scores now, I’ll win/lose my bet.2. money that you risk on a bet 赌注

● I’ve got a $ 10 bet on the National.

● We placed/put /laid bet on three horses.


1. A spectacular midnight fireworks display will add to the celebration and musicians will walk from house to house singing good-luck greetings for the New Year.

Comments

壮观的午夜烟花表演也增添了庆典的气氛。音乐家们还会走家串户，唱贺新年。 In this sentence the present participle phrase “singing good-luck greetings for the New Year” acts as the adverbial modifier.

Examples

● They sat in front of their house laughing and chatting.

Translation

Key Sentences


2. Divers will marvel at one of the Caribbean’s largest shipwrecks, a 400-foot World War II German freighter that was abandoned by its crew and later sank off one of the famous beaches.

Comments

那儿还有一艘加勒比海最大的失事船，会让潜水者们感到惊诧不已；这艘二战时期的德国货船长 400英尺，被船员们遗弃后在一个著名的海滩附近沉没。Notice that “a 400-foot World War II German freighter… the famous beaches” is in apposition to “one”. And the noun “freighter” is modified by an attributive clause “that was abandoned by its crew and later sank off one of the famous beaches”.

Translation


Examples

The other two sentences in which apposition is used in this passage are as follows:

♦ Experienced divers will want to explore the notorious “California”, the only ship that received the sinking “Titanic”’s distress signals in that Atlantic Ocean tragedy.

♦ The Natural Bridge, a dramatic coral structure 100 feet long and rising 25 feet above sea level, is also a favorite scene along the northern coast road.


3. Aruba also has many sports facilities for sailing, deep-sea fishing, water-skiing, golf, tennis, horseback riding, and less demanding activities like shuffle-board, table tennis, and countless board and card games.

Comments

阿鲁巴岛上还有许多运动设施，可进行帆船、深海钓鱼、滑水、高尔夫、网球、骑马等运动，还可进行不太剧烈的运动，如打圆盘游戏、乒乓球以及数不清的棋牌类游戏的。The main structure of this long sentence is “Aruba has many sports facilities”. The word “for” is used to show purpose or function and it is followed by many nouns such as “sailing, deep-sea fishing… and activities”. The word “like” here means “such as; for example”.

Translation


Examples

● Are you learning English for pleasure or for your work?

● She likes to run for exercise.

● Things like glass, paper, and plastic can all be recycled.

● Try to avoid fatty foods like cakes and biscuits.


4. Win or lose, a person is always lucky while visiting the fantastic island of Aruba!

Paraphrase

Comments

Examples

无论输赢，在游览迷人的阿鲁巴岛时人们永远是非常幸运的。

The phrase “win or lose” is an informal expression which means “no matter whether you win or lose”.

No matter whether a person wins or loses, he is always lucky while visiting the fantastic island of Aruba!

● Win or lose, I love competitive sports.

Translation


Aruba is a beautiful island in the center of the Caribbean Sea. The Arubans are very cordial and offer a warm welcome to visitors all year round but show unusual hospitality during the New Year’s holiday. Aruba has many daytime attractions such as the beautiful sunny beaches, The WWII German freighter, the notorious “California”, the magnificent reefs, etc. Aruba also provides many sports facilities. Besides, it boasts many historic sites and natural wonders. Aruba is a shopper’s paradise because there are wonderful boutiques and duty-free stores in Aruba. Visitors can go to the gambling casinos for entertainment, too. Aruba is a true jewel in the crown of Caribbean islands.

End of Part2

Go to Part 3

Main Points

Hospitality Unit7

Documents

Transcript of Hospitality Unit7