THE INFORMATION AGEUnit 7What would you do without Internet?

TECHNOLOGY BUZZWORDS

Net TermsDefinitionsDownloada) Is a software available for free.Chat roomb) Radio or Tv shows for your MP3 player.Hot spotc) Transfer files to your computer.Blogd) Harmful software that attacks your computer.Freewaree) Short messages that are faster than e-mails.Webcamf) A place that has wireless Internet access.Podcast g) A software that secretly records your online activity.Spywareh) A website where people have discussions.Instant messagei) A camera that sends live video over the internet.Computer virusj) An online journal of personal opinions.

Subject + is/are being + past participleThe Present Continuous Passive describes an action that is in progress right now. Example: Too many trees are being cut down right now/ these days.

Subject + has/have been + past participleThe Present Perfect Passive describes something that started before the present (the exact time isnt important)Example: Too many trees have been cut down recently/ in the last few years.NOTES

The Future Passive describes an action that will begin in the future.

Subject + will + be + past participleExample: Too many trees will be cut down next year.

Subject + is/are + going to be + past participleExample: Too many trees are going to be cut down in few years.NOTES

Many crops __________ (grow) in Taiwan. Some crops __________ (consume) locally, but others _____________ (export). Tea ___________ (grow) in cooler parts of the island and rice _______________ (cultivate) in warmer parts. Fishing is also an important industry. A wide variety of seafood ___________ (catch). Many people ______________ (employ) in the electronics and textile industries.COMPLETE THE EXERCISE (REMEMBER TO USE IS/ARE + BEING + PAST PARTICIPLE)

*grow *manufacture *raise *speak *use

Now French and English ______________ in Canada.Rice ___________ in Vietnam.These days a lot of sheep _____________ in New Zealand.Right now, cars and computers _________________ in Korea.In this moment, the U.S dollar _________ in Ecuador.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. USE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS PASSIVE

Passive With Prepositions

Present Continuous PassiveThe air is being pollutedby fumes from cars and trucks.City streets are being damagedas a result of heavy traffic.

Present PerfectPassiveThe roadway has been jammedbecause of peoples dependence on cars.Many parks have been lostthrough overbuilding.The homeless people have been displaceddue to overcrowding in city shelters.

FuturePassiveMore computers will be infectedby viruses.The ring is going to be hiddenby the thief.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING THE PASSIVEAir pollution is threatening the health of people in urban areas. Livestock farms have contaminated soil and underground water.The burning of gas, oil and coal has created acid rain. The use of CFCs in products like hair spray has created a hole in the ozone layer. The destruction of rain forest is harming rare plants and wildlife. The growth of suburbs has eaten up huge amounts of farmland.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE APPROPRIATE PASSIVE.Thousands of computers already__________(infect) by spyware.More freeware________(release) soon for all kinds of applications.Thousands of blogs__________(start) on all sorts of topics everyday.Recently, more hot spots_________(set up) in small towns.Nowadays, teen chat rooms_________(monitor) by parents.These days, podcasts_________(download) by people.Soon viruses________(create) that no security software can detect.Webcams_______(use) in the future to broadcast college classes.

CONNECTING IDEAS FORMALLYThese expressions connect ideas in different ways. Put them in the columns below. Sometimes more than one answer in possible.additionally for example -- furthermore -- in fact -- nevertheless - indeed -- similarly -- as a result for instance -- likewise -- therefore -- on the other hand

Add informationCompare or contrastEmphasizeGive an exampleShow result

CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CONNECTOR TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCETom loves technology, similarly / for example, he has the latest cell phone.Many cities have wireless hot spots; nevertheless / in fact, others dont.Most students do research online now; nevertheless / therefore, internet access in libraries is necessary.Some websites arent reliable; as a result / likewise, many people are being misinformed.The internet changes fast; for example / likewise, so do cell phones.Blogs cover everything; on the other hand / furthermore, they are updated frequently.

FORMS OF COMMUNICATIONWhere do you find these forms of communication? Put them in the columns below.Banner ads bus wraps -- fliers -- neon signs -- spam - crawls -- text-messaging -- billboards -- infomercials telemarketers -- voice mail -- pop-up ads

On televisionOn the internetOn the telephoneOn streets or highways

TAG QUESTIONSAre mini questions we put at the end of a sentence. We use the auxiliary verb the statement is giving.

The basic structure is:+ Affirmative statement,- Negative tag?Snow is white,isn't it?Ann will be here soon,wont she?- Negative statement,+ Affirmative tag?You don't like me,do you?Tom wont be late, will he?

EXERCISEWrite the Tag question in each sentence.It's a beautiful day, ______________ Martha isnt angry, _______________ You are really tired, ____________ They're not very nice people, ________________ You are coming tomorrow, ________________ Pedro's flying now, ______________I'm not late, ____________ I'm arriving late at night, ______________ It was a beautiful day, ______________Rita wasnt angry, _____________ They were really tired, _________________ You werent studying at 6, ______________

Sue doesnt like onions, ___________Jack applied for the job, ___________You have a camera, ____________You can type, _____________He wont mind if I leave early, __________Tom could help you, _____________They had gone home, __________He has never seen you before, ____________You went to Costa Rica in 1990, ____________ Elena has traveled a lot, ___________Ann will be here soon, ____________You cant play the violin, _____________Rosy drinks a lot of water, _______________

EXERCISE 2

You like fish, don't you ?He isn't happy, is he ?They aren't here, are they ?He didn't eat anything, did he ? We come on Friday, don't we ?It's closed, isn't it ?She isn't here today, is she ?They live in England, don't they ?

PUTTING THE MIND TO WORKUnit 8

*Reduce Relative clauses (who/that)*Non-defining relative clauses (which)

CREATIVE QUALITIESWhat qualities do creative people usually have?Complete the chart with the correct noun or adjective.Which of the above qualities are most important to you?

NOUNADJECTIVECuriosityDecisiveness Determined Disciplined Innovation Knowledge

NOUNADJECTIVEMotivated Original PatiencePerceptiveness Passionate Resourceful

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSESYou can shorten a relative clause by dropping the relative pronoun and the verb to be.Someone (who/that is) able to think quickly might be a good surgeon.A person (who/that is) looking for adventure could be a private detective.A person (who/that is) trained in music might be a good DJ.

You can also drop who/that and change the verb to the gerund.Someone who/that needs security might not want to be famous. needing security might not want to be famous.

In many relative clauses, who/that has can be replaced by with.A person who/that has a good voice could be a good singer. with a good voice could be a good singer

REWRITE THESE SENTENCES WITH REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSESSomeone who hopes to be a chef should get the proper training.Anyone who wants to be an actor needs both talent and luck.A person who works as a comedian is always looking for new ways to make people laugh.People who are clever enough to get inside the mind of a criminal would make good detective.Someone who is interested in the latest music trends might be a good DJ.Anyone who dreams of becoming a champion athlete has to be prepared to do a lot of hard work.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES AS SENTENCE MODIFIERSYou can use non-defining relative clauses with which to make a comment about an entire sentence.

I have three cats, which means theres usually a lot of cat fur on my clothes.My roommate is a slob, which is why I want to get my own apartment.

This type of clause adds information or a comment that applies to the first clause, but its not essential information

MATCH THE STATEMENTS WITH THE APPROPRIATE NON-DEFINING CLAUSE

1) I want to give away all my old books,a)which is why you saw me opening it with a coat hanger.2) I had locked my keys in my car,b)which is great since he uses them to store nails and things in his workroom3) Im going to repaint my room next week,c)which is great because I can listen to it while Im on the subway.4) My son made a robot costume for himself,d)which is why Ive been saving old newspapers.5) Our neighbor saves her empty jars for my dad,e)which is why personal navigator systems were developed for cars.6) My new cell phone can store and play music, f)which is why he was covered with aluminum foil yesterday.7) Its easy to get lost when driving in a new city,g)which is strange since cassettes and CDs have been around for so long now.8) Adam still listens to music on an old-fashioned record player,h)which means I have to get boxes for them.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCESIm working late tonight, _____________ Ill take a later train home.My friend was in a local play, ___________me to try acting.Our team lost the championship, ___________ me and my friends.Prices went down last year, ____________ savings for many people.Ted sent me a nice birthday card, ____________me since he usually doesnt do anything special for peoples birthdays.Which resulted in -- Which encouraged -- Which depressed Which means -- Which surprised

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