History374–(RussianHistory( EasternSlavsandKievanRus ... · 09/09/2013  ·...

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History 374 – Russian History September 9, 2013 Eastern Slavs and Kievan Rus, The Mongol Conquests. Dr. Serhy (Sherhee) Yeklchyk What is Russian History? From a North American Perspective – Significant Expansion Similar to Canada’s development except that the Canadians went from the east coast to the west coast and the Russians went from the West borders to the east coast. When did it all come together? The completion of the transRussian Rail. Other similarities between Canada and Russian in early development. Both Nations rich in Natural Resources and minerals. Extreme Northern Location – between 50 th and 60 th Parallel. Short growing season This could be a rationale for the roots of communism (a theory). Development of the nations were Furs, Farmers, and Minerals. Continious History of Russian State. It was build on a base of Monarchy. Russian Tsars were absolute Rulers. Look at Russian Current map for borders.

Transcript of History374–(RussianHistory( EasternSlavsandKievanRus ... · 09/09/2013  ·...

  • History  374  –  Russian  History  September  9,  2013    Eastern  Slavs  and  Kievan  Rus,  The  Mongol  Conquests.    Dr.  Serhy  (Sher-‐hee)  Yeklchyk    What  is  Russian  History?  From  a  North  American  Perspective  –     Significant  Expansion       Similar  to  Canada’s  development  except  that  the  Canadians  went  from  the  east  coast  to  the  west  coast  and  the  Russians  went  from  the  West  borders  to  the  east  coast.        When  did  it  all  come  together?     The  completion  of  the  trans-‐Russian  Rail.    Other  similarities  between  Canada  and  Russian  in  early  development.  Both  Nations  rich  in  Natural  Resources  and  minerals.    Extreme  Northern  Location  –  between  50th  and  60th  Parallel.         Short  growing  season       This  could  be  a  rationale  for  the  roots  of  communism  (a  theory).    Development  of  the  nations  were  Furs,  Farmers,  and  Minerals.    Continious  History  of  Russian  State.     It  was  build  on  a  base  of  Monarchy.     Russian  Tsars  were  absolute  Rulers.    Look  at  Russian  Current  map  for  borders.  

     

  •  Ukraine  holds  all  the  most  historical  elements  of  Russian  History.  The  Mother  of  all  Russian  cities  is  Kiev.    Russia  is  a  multinational  Empire    Very  similar  to  the  British  Empire.    Look  at  the  5  Ruble  Note.  There  is  a  monument  to  1000  years  of  Russian  Monarchy.    Why  use  a  Tsarist  image  with  the  Royal  Orb?    

       http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium_of_Russia    The  state  as  an  Organizing  Principle?    The  orb  is  symbolic  of  the  Globe.    

         

  •    Slavic  Nations  today    5th  or  6th  Century  CE  the  Slavic  Nations  lived  closer  to  each  other.  Later  they  were  separated  other  language  groups  (Hungary,  Austria,  and  Romania)  So  you  end  up  with  Eastern  and  Southern  Slavic  Languages    However  there  still  is  a  bond  between  the  language  groups.    This  has  political  ramifications  such  as  the  bond  between  Russia  and  Serbia  and  the  beginnings  of  WW1.    Khazar  Empire  or  Kaganate  7th  to  10th  Century  CE    Almost  all  the  same  languages  but  they  sound  different.    

    Russian  Ukrainian  Belarussian  

    Eastern  Slavics  

     Dnieper  River  –  Very  important  to  the  development  of  the  nations  of  Russia  and  more  so  the  Ukraine.    

           

  • the  Slavs  were  an  Agriculturist  people  who  settled  on  the  Dniepper  River  in  the  5th  Century.    Khazar  Empire  were  very  much  like  the  bad  guys  in  a  video  game.      Very  war-‐like.    Accepted  Modern  religion  of  Judaism.    *Theory  –  Modern  Jews  came  from  Khazar  and  not  Palestine.    Khazar  was  a  nomadic  Empire  –  Controlled  the  Territory  by  collecting  Tribute.    Slaves  were  the  most  valuable  commodities  to  collect.    After  the  slaves  they  would  expect:  Fur,  Honey,  Grain  or  whatever  was  left  over.    The  Varagians  (Vikings,  Normans):  862CE    Kyivan  Rus  (Kiev):  882AD    The  cronical  said  the  Vikings  (Varagians)  were  invited  to  control  the  region.    This  would  be  like  the  Native  Americans  invited  white  people  to  bring  culture  and  modernism  to  America.    Tribute  –  and  important  word.    Riurik  –  First  leader  of  the  First  Russian  dynasty  –  The  Ruirikids.    Vikings  interest  in  extracting  profit  and  Dnipper  River  was  an  important  trade  route.    

       http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_route_from_the_Varangians_to_the_Greeks      

  • Vikings  were  interested  in  extracting  profit  and  the  Dnipper  was  an  important  trade  route.    Kievan  Rus  were  how  the  Varagians  called  them  Rus.    So  Combine  Kiev  and  Rus.    Rus  are  people  from  the  North.    Vikings.    

     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_the_Great    Prince  Vladimir  (St.  Vladimir)  Ruled  980-‐1015  CE,  Adoption  of  Christianity  988CE  He  is  Putin’s  patron  saint.    Instead  of  coming  for  tribute  once  a  year,  it  made  sense  to  create  local  outposts  to  maintain  order  year  round.    Adoption  of  Christianity  was  a  violent  act  –  Swords  and  Fire.    So  why  did  Prince  Vladimir  accept  Christianity?    It  was  a  way  to  centralize  the  Pagan  gods.    Vladimire  orderd  all  the  idols  to  be  brought  to  a  center  high  hill.    However,  Vlad  had  500  concubines  and  many  wives.    He  unlikely  got  rid  of  them.    He  looked  for  a  religion  to  help  centralize  the  state  that  would  bring  order.  

  • Vlad  checked  out  other  religions  including  Islam  but  rejected  it  because  Islam  did  not  allow  drinking.    He  was  attracted  to  the  Byzantine  Empire  because  they  had  a  closer  geographical  connection  and  they  were  very  strong.    Much  stronger  than  Western  Europe.    They  were  trading  partners  and  provided  luxury  goods  such  as:  Red  Wine  Clothing  Stone  Masons    Being  Christians  brought  them  closer  to  the  Byzantine  Empire.    Vladimir’s  son,  Iaroslav  the  Wise  (11th  C)  is  known  for  the  building  of  St.  Sofia  and  creating  a  law  code  (Russkaya  Pravda).    He  was  Literate  –  a  first.  He  created  the  Library  at  St.  Sofia.    The  library  has  disappeared  –  Likely  burned.       The  Cathedral  of  St.  Sofia  was  modeled  after  Hagia  Sofia    

           The  onion  domes  were  added  later  For  St.  Sofia  because  they  are  for  a    Northern  climate.      Church  was  used  as  a  palace  because  it  was  the  most  important  building  in  the  city.    Law  Code  (Russkava  Pravda)  developed  and  lasted  for  nearly  400  years.    Kievian  Rus  was  a  Federation  of  Principalities.    They  were  ruled  by  separation  separate  countries  connected  by  a  family  connection.    It  was  a  Patrimonial  State  –  Property  of  a  Royal  Family.    

  • The  Rus  have  large  families,  very  large  families.    Male  children  are  appointed  to  smaller  places.    But  how  do  you  decide  the  Grand  Prince.    Not  father  to  son,  like  they  do  in  Western  Europe,  but  from  Brother  to  Brother,  then  if  no  bothers  then  to  nephews.    It  was  a  mess.    But  in  real  terms,  Legitimate  is  one  with  the  largest  army.    Brothers  would  rotate  through  the  principalities  as  power  shifted.    In  1097  they  realized  this  didn’t  work.    Bordering  to  the  East  was  the  Nomads.    Bad  news  for  disunited  princes.    From  struggle  for  Kiev  to  establishing  local  seats  of  Power  –  Moscow  (est  1147CE).    Local  Seats  of  Power  established.    Moscow  is  a  little  fort  much  like  Fort  Victoria  was  to  the  British  Empire.    Moscow  is  a  Finnish  Name  and  means  muddy  waters.    Prince  Ivri  (the  Long  Armed),  the  founder  of  Moscow.