Examining the role of Conflict in Relationships

Conflict Theory

Inspired by Marxist Theory and Friedrich Engels (late 1800s)

Takes shape 1960s and 1970s

Hierarchies of race and gender rejected and re-examined.

Questioning relationships and the family structure

Beginnings

To criticize society and relationships, rather than explain them!

Unlike functionalism, conflict theory focuses on when and where relationships are ineffective.

Sees conflict as a sign of inequality/power imbalances

Purpose

FunctionalismOrganized to

function effectivelyEquilibriumStructures work to

meet needs

Conflict because we are not following “the norm”

Organized according to power imbalance

CompetitionCompetition prevent

needs from being met

Conflict because needs are neglected

Compare the Two

Conflict Theory

How would a Conflict theorist criticize the “norms” of Functionalism?

???

Relationships are organized according to power and hierarchies, and not functional interdependence.

Conflict Theory’s Stance

Who are relationships functional for?

How do relationships operate to benefit some and not others?

Who has power and who is being exploited?

Whose needs are met, and whose are neglected?

Conflict Theorists Ask:

Competition

Inherent Inequality

Unmet needs = tension and conflict

Conflict necessary for change.

Principles

Gender (male entitlement, female oppression)

Age

Education (educated, career established vs unemployed, working in the home)

What hierarchies exist in relationships?

Attention

Emotional support

Access to resources (financial, social)

Roles and authority

Time together, free time

What do we compete for in relationships?

Conflict is good.

It is how we deal with it that results in negative and/or positive effects.

Natural and crucial part of partner interaction.

Conflict Theory and Couples

Inherent power imbalances and competition ...

BUT, we identify with partners because of common goals and mutual affection

What Sustains Relationships?

The absence of conflict and tension indicates a successful relationship.

Conflict Theorists say No!

Why is this?

Agree or Disagree