hhh hhhh'''''''QQQQfffffff ...ctevt.org.np/files/curriculum/short...
Transcript of hhh hhhh'''''''QQQQfffffff ...ctevt.org.np/files/curriculum/short...
1
hhhhhhhh'''''' ''QQQQQQQQffffffff ssssssssffffffffnnnnnnnnLLLLLLLLuuuuuuuu99999999
5f]6f] cjlwsf]
kf7\oj|md
-bIftfdf cfwfl/t_
k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tfnLd kl/ifb\
kf7\oj|md ljsf; dxfzfvf
;fgf]l7dL, eQmk'/
@)&)
2
ljifo ;"rL
kl/ro======================================================================== nIo=========================================================================== p2]Zo========================================================================== sf]ifsf] j0f{g================================================================= ;dofjlw====================================================================== nlIft ;d"x=================================================================== ;d'xsf] cfsf/=============================================================== k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod ========================================================== xflh/Lsf] :j?k=============================================================== kf7\oqmdsf] s]Gb\============================================================= k|j]lzsf cfwf/x?============================================================= k|lzIf0fsf dfWod / ;fdfu|Lx?============================================ cWoogsf l;sfO{sf ljlwx?================================================ cg'udgsf] k|fjwfg============================================================= >]0fL lgwf/0f k4lt============================================================== k|lzIffyL{ d"NMof+sgsf ljj/0f================================================ k|lzIfssf] Go"gtd of]Uotf=================================================== k|lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'kft=================================================================== k|lzIfssf nflu ;'emfj==================================================================== k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{sf nflu cfjZos s'/fx?========================================= ;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] k|fjwfg===================================================================== ef}lts ;'ljwfx? ============================================================================= h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9 { ljifosf] sf]if{ ;+/rgf================================================= df]8\o'n !M ;'/Iff df]8\o'n @M dflyNnf] efu agfpg] df]8\o'n #M h'Qfsf] lkml6+u -a6d_ ug]{ df]8\o'n $M ;'tnL -;f]n_ /fVg] df]8\o'n %M h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë ug]{ df]8\o'n ^M ;~rf/ ug]{ / Joj;flostf ljsf; ug]{
3
h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9sf] kf7h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9sf] kf7h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9sf] kf7h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9sf] kf7\\\\oqmdoqmdoqmdoqmd
kl/roMkl/roMkl/roMkl/roM––––
of] kf7\oqmd h'Qf agfpg] If]qdf /f]huf/L kfpgof]Uo k|fljlws >d zlQm pTkfbg ug]{ p2]Zon] tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
nIoMnIoMnIoMnIoM––––
of] kf7\oqmdsf] d"n p2]Zo b]zsf ;fdfGo gul/sx?nfO{ h'Qf agfpg] If]qsf] tflnd k|bfg u/L ;Lko'Qm >dzl\qm tof/ u/L b]zsf] /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/df cfj4 u/fpg' xf] . of] kf7\oqmdsf p2]Zo x'g\ M
• h'Qf agfpg] If]qdf lgDg :t/Lo k|fljlws >d tof/ ug'{ . • pBdLsf ?kdf sfd ug{ ;Sg] ;Lk / 1fgn] o'Qm >dz tof/ ug'{ .
p2]Zox?Mp2]Zox?Mp2]Zox?Mp2]Zox?M––––
of] tflndsf] ;dfkg kl5 k|lzIfyL{x? tnsf sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
• pkNnf] efu agfpg . • a6d -nfli6Ë_sf] sfd ug{ . • ;'tnL /fVg . • h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë ug{ . • ;'/Iffsf nflu ;fjwfgL ckgfpg . • c?;Fu ;~rf/ ug{ . • Jofj;flostf ljsf; ug{ .
sf]if{sf] j0f{g sf]if{sf] j0f{g sf]if{sf] j0f{g sf]if{sf] j0f{g h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9{n] ug'{kg]{ sfdsf cfwf/df of] kf7\oqmd cfwfl/t 5 . o;sf/0f k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ ljz]ift M h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9s. cfwf/e"t 1fg / ;Lk k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] of] kf7\oqmd df]8\o'n k4ltdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .of] kf7\oqmdn] h'Qf agfpg] sfnLu9df cfjZos 1fg / ;Lk k|bfg u5{ . of] k|fljlws >d zlQmsf] k|bz{g ug]{ / k|lzIffyL{n] pQm ;Lkx? cEof; ug]{ cj;/ kfpg] 5g\ . of] kf7\oqmdsf nflu k|lzIfyL{x?n] cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f / ;fdu|L pkof]u u/L of] kf7\oqmdsf] lglxt ;Lk / 1fg cEof; ug]{5g\ .
;kmntfk"j{s tflnd ;dfkg u/]sf k|lzIffyL{x? h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg, a6d nufpg, ;'tnL /fVg, h'Qfsf] lkmlgl;Ë ug{, ;'/Ifsf pkfox? ckgfpg, c?x?;Fu ;~rf/ ug{ / Jofj;flostf ljsf; ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o;df ;femf ;~rf/ gfds pk–df]8\o'n ;d]t ;dfj]; ul/Psf 5 .\ sf]if{ ;+/rgfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ lglZrt df]8\o'nsf] ;dofjlw ljleGg txsf] k|fljlw1x?sf cfjZostf cg';f/ x'g]5 . k|lzIfs tflndbftfx?åf/f k|bz{g ul/g] sfo{, ;Lk cEof;sf nflu cj;/ lbOg]5 . k|lzIffyL{x?n] pko'Qm cf}hf/, ;fdfu|L, oGq / j:t'x? k|of]u ug]{ cEof; ub} l;Sg]5g\ .
4
;dofjlw;dofjlw;dofjlw;dofjlw
of] tflnd sfo{qmdsf] s"n ;do.jlw sfo{ut tflnd afx]s #() 306f x'g]5 .
nlIft ;d"x nlIft ;d"x nlIft ;d"x nlIft ;d"x
Go"gtd kfFr sIffsf] lzIff xfl;n u/]sf ljBfno 5f8]sf JolQmx? of] tflnd sfo{qmdsf] nlIft ;d"x x'g]5g\ . uf|ld0f, ul/a, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt, ;'ljwfljlxg ;d'x, åGå k|efljt JolQmx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
nlIft :yfg nlIft :yfg nlIft :yfg nlIft :yfg
of] tflndsf] nlIft :yfg g]kfn clw/fHoe/ x'g]5 .
;d"xsf] cfsf/ ;d"xsf] cfsf/ ;d"xsf] cfsf/ ;d"xsf] cfsf/
o; kf7\oqmddf lglb{i6 ;Dk"0f{ sfo{÷bIftf cEof;sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ cfjZos ;fdfu|Lx? pknAw u/fOPdf of] tflnd sfo{qmdsf] nflu clwstd @) hgfsf] ;d"x x'g]5 .
k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod
of] sfo{qmdsf] k|lzIf0f dfWod g]kfnL jf c+u|]hL jf b'j} x'g]5 .
xflh/Lsf] :j?k xflh/Lsf] :j?k xflh/Lsf] :j?k xflh/Lsf] :j?k
cfGtl/s tyf afXo k/LIffsf nflu of]Uo x'g'sf nflu k|lzIffyL{x? ;}4flGts sIffx?df *)Ü / k|of]ufTds÷sfof{Gd'v ;qdf ()Ü xflh/ x'g'kg]{ 5 .
kf7kf7kf7kf7\\ \\oqmdsf] s]Gb|ljGb' oqmdsf] s]Gb|ljGb' oqmdsf] s]Gb|ljGb' oqmdsf] s]Gb|ljGb'
of] kf7\oqmd bIftfdf cfwfl/t 5 . o;n] bIftfo'Qm sfo{ ;+kfbgdf hf]8 lbG5 . s"n ;dosf] *)Ü sfo{;+kfbg / afFsL @)Ü ;+alGwt k|fljlws 1fgdf 5'6\ogfOPsf] 5 . o;sf/0f lglb{i6 ;Lk÷bIftfsf] ;+kfbgdf of] kf7\oqmdsf] k|d'v s]Gb\laGb' /xg]5 .
k|j]zsf cfwf/x?k|j]zsf cfwf/x?k|j]zsf cfwf/x?k|j]zsf cfwf/x?
tnsf cfwf/x? k"/f ug]{ JolQmx? of] sfo{qmddf k|j]z ug]{ of]Uo x'g]5g\ M
• Go"gtd kfFr sIff pQL0f{ • Go"gtd !% jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf • Zff/Ll/s tj/n] tGb'?:t • k|j]z k/LIff pQL0f{ x'g}kg]{
k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod / ;fdfu|Lx? Mk|lzIf0fsf] dfWod / ;fdfu|Lx? Mk|lzIf0fsf] dfWod / ;fdfu|Lx? Mk|lzIf0fsf] dfWod / ;fdfu|Lx? M
k|efjsf/L k|lzIf0f tyf k|bz{gsf nflu tnsf d]l8of / ;fdfu|Lx? cfjZos 5g\ .
5
5fk]sf d]l8ofsf ;fdu|Lx? - cEof; sfo{ kfgf, s]; :68L, ;"rgf kqx?, JolQms]lGb|t tflnd Kofs]h, sfo{ljlw kfgfx?, ?h' ;"lr, kf7\ok':ts_
Gfg k|f]h]S6]8 (non – projected) d]l8og ;fdfu|Lx? - l8:Kn], gd"gfx?, lˆnk rf6{, kf]:6/,
n]Vgsf nflu kf6L cflb_
K|ff]h]S6]6 ldl8of ;fdfu|Lx? –ckf/bzL{ k|If]k0fx?, cf]e/x]8 6«fG;k/]G;Lx?, :nfO8x? cflb_
>Jo–b[Zo ;fdfu|Lx? ->Jo 6]k, lkmNd, :nfO86]k sfo{qmd, lel8of]l8:s, lel8of] 6]kx? cflb_
sDKo"6/ cfwfl/t ;fdfu|Lx? -sDKo"6/ cfwfl/t tflnd, cGtls|{ofTds lel8of] cflb_
k|lzIf0f l;sfO ljlwx? k|lzIf0f l;sfO ljlwx? k|lzIf0f l;sfO ljlwx? k|lzIf0f l;sfO ljlwx?
of] tflnd sfo{qmd k|lzIf0f ubf{ pbfx/0fo'Qm JofVof, ;d"x 5nkmn, k|bz{g, cg's/0f, lgb]{lzt cEof;, k|of]ufTds cEof;, lkmN8sfo{ / cGo :jtGq l;sfO x'g]5 .
• ;}4flGts M ;"Id jftf{, 5nkmn, sfof{b]z, ;d"x 5nkmn • k|of]ufTds M k|bz{g, cjnf]sg lgb]{lzt cEof; / :j cEof;
cg'udgsf] k|fjwfgcg'udgsf] k|fjwfgcg'udgsf] k|fjwfgcg'udgsf] k|fjwfg
• k|yd cg'udg M sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgsf] 5 dlxgfkl5 • cg'udg rqm M bf];|f] cg'udgkl5 kfFr jif{;Dd Ps–Ps jif{sf] rqmdf
>]0fL lgwf/0f{ k4lt>]0fL lgwf/0f{ k4lt>]0fL lgwf/0f{ k4lt>]0fL lgwf/0f{ k4lt
hfFr÷d"Nof+sgdf lgDgfg';f/sf k|ltztdf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] >]0fL lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
� ljlzi6 M *)Ü jf a9L c+s NofO{ pQL0f{ � k|yd >]0fL M &%Ü jf a9L c+s NofO{ pQL0f{ � lålto >]0fL M ^%Ü jf a9L c+s NofO{ pQL0f{ � t[tLo >]0fL ^)Ü jf a9L c+s NofO{ pQL0f{
k|lzIffyL{ d"Nof+sg ljj/0fk|lzIffyL{ d"Nof+sg ljj/0fk|lzIffyL{ d"Nof+sg ljj/0fk|lzIffyL{ d"Nof+sg ljj/0f
� k"/f sfif{sf] k|To]s If]q cGtu{tsf k|To]s ;Lkdf bIftf ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+alGwt k|lzIfsåf/f k|lzIffyL{sf] sfo{ ;+kfbgsf] lg/Gt/ d"Nof+sg
� tflnd k|lzIf0fsf] r/0fdf k|lzIf0fsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ k|lzIfsåf/f lnlvt jf df}lvs hfFr lnP/ k|lzIffyL{sf] ;+alGwt ljifoj:t'sf] 1fgsf] d"Nof+sg, k"/f sf]if{sf] nflu # j6f cfGtl/s / Pp6f clGtd d"Nof+sg ul/g]5 .
6
� cfGtl/s / 1fgsf] afXo hfFrsf] cg'kft @)÷*) x'g]5 t/ sfo{;+kfbg hfFrsf] cg'kft eg] 7Ls ljkl/t x'g]5 .
� ;+alGwt k|lzIf0f ;+:yfn] g} k|j]z kl/Iff lng]5 .
k|lzIfssf] Go"gtd of]Uotf k|lzIfssf] Go"gtd of]Uotf k|lzIfssf] Go"gtd of]Uotf k|lzIfssf] Go"gtd of]Uotf
� ;+alGwt ljifo jf kmlg{r/ lgdf{0f÷l;sdL{ ;+aGwL k]zfdf l8Knf]df k|fKt � ;~rf/ tyf k|lzIf0fdf /fd|f] ;Lk xfl;n u/]sf] � ;+alGwt ljifodf cg'ej k|fKt
k|lzIfssf] ÷k|lzIffyL{ cg'kftk|lzIfssf] ÷k|lzIffyL{ cg'kftk|lzIfssf] ÷k|lzIffyL{ cg'kftk|lzIfssf] ÷k|lzIffyL{ cg'kft
;}4flGts sIffdf ! - k|lzIfs_ M @) - k|lzIffyL{ _
k|of]ufTds sIffx?df -sfo{zfnf / k|of]uzfnfdf_
! -k|lzIfs_ M !) k|lzIffyL{
k|lzIf0fsf] nflu ;'emfa k|lzIf0fsf] nflu ;'emfa k|lzIf0fsf] nflu ;'emfa k|lzIf0fsf] nflu ;'emfa
!= p2]Zo rog ug'{xf];\ .
� ;+1fgfTds If]qsf p2]Zo n]Vg'xf];\ � dgf]sfof{Tds If]qsf p2]Zo n]Vg'xf];\ � efjfTds If]qsf p2]Zo n]Vg'xf];\
@= ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];@= ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];@= ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];@= ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];\\ \\
lj:t[t tj/n] ljifoj:t'sf] cWoog ug'{xf];\ .
;+1fgfTds If]q;Fu ;+alGwt ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];\ .
dgf]sfof{Tds If]q;Fu ;+alGwt ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];\ .
efjgfTds If]q;Fu ;+alFGwt ljifoj:t' rog ug'{xf];\ .
# k|lzIf0fTds ljlwx? rog ug'{xf];# k|lzIf0fTds ljlwx? rog ug'{xf];# k|lzIf0fTds ljlwx? rog ug'{xf];# k|lzIf0fTds ljlwx? rog ug'{xf];\\ \\ . . . .
� k|lzIfs s]lGb|t ljlw M JofVofg, k|bz{g, k|Zgf]Q/, ;dfGoLs/0f -OG8S;g_ tyf ljlzli6s/0f -l88S;g_ ljlw
� ljBfyL{ pGd'v ljlw h:t} k|of]ufTds , lkmN8 6«Lk÷e|d0f, cfljisf/, cg';Gwfg, ;d:of ;dfwfg, ;j]{If0f
� cGtls|{ofTds ljlw h:t} M 5nkmn, ;d"x÷ 6f]nL k|lzIf0f, n3' –lzIf0f / k|b{zgL . � gf6s ljlw h:t} /f]n Kn] - e"ldsf lgjf{x_ / gf6sLs/0f
7
$= kf7of]hgfsf] p2]Zo / 1fg clej[l4 1fgsf cfwf/df k|lzIf0ffTds ljlw rog ug'{xf];\ .
%= pko'Qm z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lx? rog u/L pko'Qm ;do / :yfgdf pkof]u ug'{xf];\ .
^= ;+1fg, clej[l4 / ;Lk If]q;Fu ldnfO k|lzIffyL{sf] d"Nof+sg ug'{xf];\ .
&= sIffsf]7f ÷ lkmN8sf] sfo{÷sfo{zfnfsf] ;+u7g÷Joj:yfkgsf nflu of]hgf ug'{xf];\ .
*= p2]Zo, ljifoj:t' / k|lzIf0f.Tds ljlwx?sf] ;+of]hg ug'{xf];\ .
(= ;}4flGts tyf k|of]ufTds sIffx?sf] kf7of]hgf tof/ ug'{xf];\ .
!)= k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{xf];\ .
!!= k|lzIf0f÷sfo{qmdsf] d"Nof+sg ug'{xf];\ .
ljBfyL{x?sf d"Nof+sgsf nflu ljz]if ;'emfax?
! sfo{ljZn]if0f ug'{xf];\ .
@ lj:t[t sfo{;+kfbg ?h';'lr tof/ ug'{xf];\ .
# sfo{;+kfbg ?h';"lrsf] k|of]u u/L k|lzIffyL{x?sf] lg/Gt/ d"Nof+sg ug'{xf];\ .
;Lksf] nflu ;'emfa ;Lksf] nflu ;'emfa ;Lksf] nflu ;'emfa ;Lksf] nflu ;'emfa
! ;fdfGo ultdf ;Lk ;+kfbg k|bz{g ug'{xf];\ .
@ k|Zgf]Q/ ljlw ckgfO{ ;Lk ;+kfbgsf] qmddf x/]s v'8\lsnf -step_ sf] df}lvs JofVof u/L
lj:tf/} k|bz{g ug'{xf];\ .
# k|lzIffyL{x?sf] :ki6tfsf nflu bf]xf]¥ofpg'xf];\ .
$ ;Lk÷sfo{sf] b|'t k|bz{g ug'[{xf];\ .
;Lk k|bz{g cEof; ug{ k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cj;/ lbg'xf];;Lk k|bz{g cEof; ug{ k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cj;/ lbg'xf];;Lk k|bz{g cEof; ug{ k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cj;/ lbg'xf];;Lk k|bz{g cEof; ug{ k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cj;/ lbg'xf];\\ \\ . . . .
! lgb]{lzt cEof;sf nflu k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cj;/ lbg'xf];\.
@ k|blz{t ;Lk ;+kfbgsf nflu jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug'{xf];\ .
# sfo{ ÷;Lksf] k|To]s v'8\lsnfdf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ dfu{ lgb]{z ug'{xf];\ .
$ lbOPsf] ;Lk÷sfo{df bIftf xfl;n ug{ cfjZostfg';f/ k|lzIfyL{x?nfO{ bf]xf]¥ofO t]x]¥ofO cEof; ug{ nufpg'xf];\ .
% Pp6f ;Lk k|bz{gdf bIftf b]vfPkl5 dfq csf]{ ;Lkdf n}hfg'xf];\ .
8
cGo ;'emfax? cGo ;'emfax? cGo ;'emfax? cGo ;'emfax?
!= ;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] ljlw ckgfpg'xf];\ .
@= k|lzIff0f ubf{ ;}4flGts sIffnfO{ @)Ü ;do / ;Lk ;++kfbgsf nflu *)Ü ;do 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ .
#= k|lzIf.yL{sf] jif{ –;d"x;Fu ;+alGwt l;sfO{sf l;4fGtx?sf] k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .
$= cfGtl/s pTk|]/0fsf] l;4fGt ckgfpg'xf];\ .
%= l;sfO{ / ;Lk ;+kfbgdf k|lzIffyL{x?sf] clwstd ;xeflutfsf] nflu ;xhLs/0f ug'{xf];\ .
^= k|lzIffyL{df xfn ePsf] 1fg, clej[lQ / ;Lksf cfwf/df pgLx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f ug'{xf];\ .
k|df0fkqsf nflu cfjZostfx? k|df0fkqsf nflu cfjZostfx? k|df0fkqsf nflu cfjZostfx? k|df0fkqsf nflu cfjZostfx?
;+alGwt k|lzIf0f ;+:yfn] kf7\oqmdn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhdsf cfjZostfx? ;kmntfk"j{s k"/f ug{ k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ æ kmlg{r/ lgdf{0fstf{Æ sf] k|df0f k|bfg ug]{5 .
;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] k|fjwfg ;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] k|fjwfg ;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] k|fjwfg ;Lk k|lzIf0fsf] k|fjwfg
Úkmlg{r/ lgdf{0fstf{ Ú ;kmntfk"j{s ;+kGg ug]{ JolQm /fli6«o ;Lk kl/If0f af8{af6 k|bfg tyf ;+rfng ul/g] tx – ! sf] ;Lk kl/If0f hfFrdf ;xefuL x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
Eff}lts cfjZostfx? Eff}lts cfjZostfx? Eff}lts cfjZostfx? Eff}lts cfjZostfx?
;}4flGts sIffsf]7fdf k|To]s k|lzIffyl{nfO{ !) ju{lkm6 / sfo{zfnfdf k|To]snfO{ #) ju{lkm6sf] If]q cfjZos kb{5 . ;a} sf]7f / k|of]uzfnf /fd|f];Fu k|sfz l5g]{ / xfjf cfjthfjt ug]{ vfnsf] x'g'k5{ .
pko'Qm If]qkmn ePsf] ;';lHht sfo{zfnf=============!
pko'Qm If]qkmn ePsf] ;';lHht sIffsf]7f=============!
cfw'lgs ;'ljwf ;+kGg sfo{zfnf sf]7f==================!
cfw'lgs ;'ljwf ;+kGg k|frfo{sf] sf]7f====================!
cfw'lgs ;'ljwf ;+kGg :jfut sIf=======================!
9
sf]if{sf] sf]if{sf] sf]if{sf] sf]if{sf] ;+/rgf;+/rgf;+/rgf;+/rgf
;do ;do ;do ;do 306fdf306fdf306fdf306fdf c+sc+sc+sc+s
df]8o'nsf] gfddf]8o'nsf] gfddf]8o'nsf] gfddf]8o'nsf] gfd k|s[ltk|s[ltk|s[ltk|s[lt ;};};};} k|k|k|k| hDdfhDdfhDdfhDdf ;};};};} k|k|k|k| hDdfhDdfhDdfhDdf
;'/Iff k| @ ^ * % @) @%
h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg] k| ( !@^ !#% @) *) !))
h'Qf lkml6Ë -j6d_ ug]{ k| % ^# ^* % @) @%
;'tnL /fVg] k| * #& $% % @) @%
h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë ug]{ k| !$ !)( !@# !% ^) &%
;~rf/ tyf Joj;flostf ljsf; ug]{ k| % ^ !! % @) @%
hDdfhDdfhDdfhDdf %!%!%!%! ##(##(##(##( #()#()#()#() ^)^)^)^) @$)@$)@$)@$) #))#))#))#))
df]8o'nx? df]8o'nx? df]8o'nx? df]8o'nx? MMMM
df]8\o'n !M ;'/Iff
df]8\o'n @M dflyNnf] efu agfpg]
df]8\o'n #M h'Qfsf] lkml6+u -a6d_ ug]{
df]8\o'n $M ;'tnL -;f]n_ /fVg]
df]8\o'n %M h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë ug]{
df]8\o'n ^M ;~rf/ ug]{ / Joj;flostf ljsf; ug]{
j0f{gMj0f{gMj0f{gMj0f{gM
of] df]8o'ndf cfˆgf] Joj;fo ubf{ h'Qf agfpg] JolQmn] pkgfpg' kg]{ ;'?Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL af/] JofVof ul/Psf] 5 . o;df ;'/Iff;DaGwL ;fjwfgLsf sfo{x? ;dfj]z 5g\ . sfo{ ug{sf] nflu x/]s sfo{sf] v'8\lsnfx?, clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"rs p2]Zox? / ;DalGwt sfo{ ug{ cfjZos ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 .
p2]Zox?p2]Zox?p2]Zox?p2]Zox?MMMM
df]8\o'n ;dfkg u/]kl5 k|lzIffyL{x? tnsf sfd ug{ ;dy{ x'g]5g\ M
• ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg • cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgfpg • tLvf / wfl/nf cf}hf/x? ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg • cf}hf/÷pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug{ • cf}hf/ afs;df cf}hf/x? /fVg
10
sfo{x?sfo{x?sfo{x?sfo{x?MMMM
!= ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg]
@= cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfo ckgfpg]
#= tLvf / wfl/nf cf}hf/x? ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg]
$= cf}hf/ / pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{
%= cf}hf/x? cf}hf/ afs;df /fVg]
11
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ljZn]if0fljZn]if0fljZn]if0fljZn]if0f
ssssfo{ !M ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg] fo{ !M ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg] fo{ !M ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg] fo{ !M ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg] ;} !±k| $Ö;} !±k| $Ö;} !±k| $Ö;} !±k| $Ö %%%% 306f306f306f306f
v'8\lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"rs p2]Zo
;DalGlwt k|ljlws 1fg
!= ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs klxrfg ug]{
@= ;'/Iffsf kf]zfssf] 5gf]6 ug]{
#= ;'/Iffsf] kf]zfs nufpg]
$= kf]zfssf] ;'/Iff ug]{
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
;'/Iffsf kf]zfs -uuN;, kGhf, df:s, h'Qf_
sfosfosfosfo{M
;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg]
dfkb08M dfkb08M dfkb08M dfkb08M ----slt /fd|f] ;Fu_slt /fd|f] ;Fu_slt /fd|f] ;Fu_slt /fd|f] ;Fu_
/fd|f];Fu ;'/Iffsf] kf]zfs nufOPsf] x'g'kg]{
;DalGwt cf}hf/, ;fdu|L tyf pks/0fsf gfd tyf ;+ef/ ljlw
;'/Iffsf kf]zfssf] kl/ro / dxTj
kf]zfs nufpg] tl/sf / kmfObf
kf]zfssf] s;/L lxkmfht ug]{
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM
;'/Iffsf kf]zfsx?
;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM
sfd ubf{ slxNo} ;'/Iffsf kf]zfs nufpg gla;{g]
12
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @M cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgfpg] sfo{ @M cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgfpg] sfo{ @M cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgfpg] sfo{ @M cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgfpg] !±)Ö!!±)Ö!!±)Ö!!±)Ö! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cfjZos ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{ @= cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox?
ckgfpg]
#= clen]v /fVg] .
cj:yfcj:yfcj:yfcj:yf cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ;fdu|Lx?
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgLsf pkfox? ckgpg]
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08
cfuf]af6 k"0f{ ;fjwfgL ckgfOPsf]
!= cfuf]af6 ;fjwfgL lng cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f, / ;fdu|Lx?sf] klxrfg
@= h'Qfdf k|of]u x'g] s]ldsn / sRrf kbfy{ HjngzLntf
#= cfuf]jf6 ;fjwfgL lng] l;4fGt / ljlw
$= sfo{x?sf] clen]v /fVg] t/Lsf
cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f
cfuf] lgefpg] cf}hf/, pks/0f / ;fdu|Lx?sf] ;"rL
ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf pkfox?ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf pkfox?ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf pkfox?ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf pkfox? MMMM
cfuf] / cfuf] nfUg] cj:yfaf/] ;r]t x'g] .
cfunfuL ePdf kmfo/ l;ln08/af6 tTsfn} cfuf] lgefpg] .
13
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ #M wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] k|of]u ug]{ sfo{ #M wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] k|of]u ug]{ sfo{ #M wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] k|of]u ug]{ sfo{ #M wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] k|of]u ug]{ ;} )±k| @;} )±k| @;} )±k| @;} )±k| @Ö@Ö@Ö@Ö@ 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"rs rs rs rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? rnfpg]
@= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? klxrfg ug]{
#= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? k|of]u ug]{
$= ;'/Iffsf pkfox? ckgfpg]
%= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? ;kmf ug]{
^= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? e08f/ ug]{
&= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx?sf] clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfM–––– !=cfjZos ;fdu|Lx?
sfo{Msfo{Msfo{Msfo{M !=tLvf / wfl/nf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg]
dfkb08Mdfkb08Mdfkb08Mdfkb08M––––
• ;Dk"0f{ ;fjwfgL ckgfO wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|lX? ;+rfng ul/Psf]
• o:tf ;fdu|Lx?sf] ;dod} ;kmf / d/dt ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
!= tLvf / wfl/nf ;fdu|Lx?sf] cjwf/0ff / k|of]u
@= wfl/nf / tLvf ;fdu|Lx? k|of]u ug]{ l;4fGt / ljlw
#= ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL
$= o:tf ;fdu|L?sf] clen]v /fVg] tl/sf
cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f wfl/nf / tLvf cf}hf/x?
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL != wfl/nf / tLvf cf}hf/x? k|of]u ubf{ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] @= rf]6 k6s nflu xfn]df k|fylds pkrf/ u/fpg] .
14
sfo{ ljZn]sfo{ ljZn]sfo{ ljZn]sfo{ ljZn]if0fif0fif0fif0f
sfo{ $MM csfo{ $MM csfo{ $MM csfo{ $MM cf}hf/÷pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{ f}hf/÷pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{ f}hf/÷pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{ f}hf/÷pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{ )±@Ö@)±@Ö@)±@Ö@)±@Ö@ 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs rs rs rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo
;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= :ofxf/ ug'{kg]{ ;fdfu|Lx?sf] ;"rL agfpg] @= :ofxf/ ug'{kg]{ ;fdu|Lx? lng]
#= ;fdu|Lx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{ $= cfjZos ;'/Iffsf pkfox? ckgfpg] %= :ofxf/ ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx? yGsfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfM–––– ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ :ofxf/ ug'{kg]{ cf}hf/ pks/0fx?
sfo{M sfo{M sfo{M sfo{M ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ cf}hf/ pks/0fx?sf] :ofxf/ ug]{
dfkb08Mdfkb08Mdfkb08Mdfkb08M ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ cfjZos ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ cf}hf/ pks/0fsf] :ofxf/÷;+ef/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
!= cf}hf/, pks/0f :ofxf/ ug]{ cjwf/0ff @= cf}hf/ pks/0f :ofxf/ ug]{ l;4fGt / ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{ #= ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgL clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/, pks/0f :ofxf/ ug'{kg]{ cf}hf/ pks/0fx?
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL cf}hf/ pks/0fsf] :ofxf/ ubf{ cfkm" ;hu /xg' kg]{
15
df]8o'n b'O{ M h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg]df]8o'n b'O{ M h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg]df]8o'n b'O{ M h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg]df]8o'n b'O{ M h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg]
j0f{g M j0f{g M j0f{g M j0f{g M
of] df]8o'ndf h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu agfpg cfjZos 1fg / ;Lk lbOG5 . o;df dflyNnf] efu agfpbf ug'{kg]{ sfo{x? /flvPsf 5g\ .sfo{ ubf{ rflxg] v'8\lsnf, clGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zo / ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg x/]s sfo{leq /flvPsf 5g\ .
p2]ZoMp2]ZoMp2]ZoMp2]ZoM
of] df]8o'n ;s]kl5 k|lzIffyL{x? tnsf sfd ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
• 5fnf÷nfOlgË 5gf]6 ug{ . • dflyNnf] efu agfpg ;xof]uL sRrf kbfy{ 5gf]6 ug{ . • 5fnf / ;xof]uL kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg . • lrgf] cg';f/ 5fnf / ;xof]uL sRrf kbfy{ sf6\g . • 5]p 5fpsf] efu tf:g . • 5]p bf]afg{ . • l;nfO ug{ . • h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+Uofpg .
16
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ ! sfo{ ! sfo{ ! sfo{ ! M M M M 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË ----c:t/_ 5gf]6 ug]{ c:t/_ 5gf]6 ug]{ c:t/_ 5gf]6 ug]{ c:t/_ 5gf]6 ug]{ @±(Ö!!@±(Ö!!@±(Ö!!@±(Ö!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= 5fnf 5gf]6sf cfwf/x? lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
@= 5fnf 5gf]6 ug]{ .
#= ;'/Iffsf pkfo ckgfpg] $= 5flgPsf] 5fnf e08f/0f ug]{ %= clen]v /fVg] .
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;xfos ;fdu|L 5gf]6sf cfwf/ / cfjZos sRrf kbfy{
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË 5fnf÷nfO{lgË ----c:t/_ 5gf]6 c:t/_ 5gf]6 c:t/_ 5gf]6 c:t/_ 5gf]6 ug]{ ug]{ ug]{ ug]{
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_ 5fnf 5gf]6 ug]{ dfkb08 != ;a} sfo{x? qmda4
?kdf ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{ @= 5flgPsf] 5fnf lgwf{l/t
dfkb08 cg';f/ x'g'kg]{
5fnfsf] 5gf}6 5fnfsf] 5gf}6 5fnfsf] 5gf}6 5fnfsf] 5gf}6 h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu – kl/ro
– k|sf/ – cfsf/ 5fnf 5fnf 5fnf 5fnf – kl/ro
– k|sf/ – efux? – dxTj – nlrnf]kg
– 5fnfsf 5gf]6sf cfwf/x? – /fd|f] g/fd|f] 5fnfsf] ljz]iftf
– 5fnf 5gf]6 sfo{ljlw – ;'/Iffsf pkfox? – clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos ;fdu|L 5fnfcfjZos ;fdu|L 5fnfcfjZos ;fdu|L 5fnfcfjZos ;fdu|L 5fnf ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL 5fnf 5gf]6 u/L ;'/Iffdf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] h'Qf agfpFbf 5gf]6sf cfwf/x? ckgfpg] .
17
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @sfo{ @sfo{ @sfo{ @M pkNnf] efu agfpg ;xM pkNnf] efu agfpg ;xM pkNnf] efu agfpg ;xM pkNnf] efu agfpg ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{ fos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{ fos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{ fos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{ !(±!(±!(±!(±!!!!Ö@Ö@Ö@Ö@)))) 306f306f306f306f
sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs rs rs rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= pkNnf] efu agfpg rflxg] ;fdu|Lx?sf] ;"rL agfpg] .
@= pkNnf] efu agfpg nfUg] ;xfos ;fdfu|Lx? klxrfg ug]{ .
#= ;xfos ;fdu|L 5gf]6 cfwf/ pNn]v ug]{ .
$= 5gf]6 cfwf/ x]/L ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] d"NofÍg ug]{
%= clen]v /fVg] .
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
;xfos ;fdu|L 5g]6sf cfwf/ / cfjZos sRrf kbfy{ sfo{ -s]_ pkNnf] efu agfpg sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ pkNnf] efu agfpg ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ug]{
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_slt /fd|f]_
!= ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tj/n] ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{ .
@= 5flgPsf ;a} ;xfos sRrf kbfy{x?sf] 5gf]6sf cfwf/df x'g'kg]{
;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6 ;xfos sRrf kbfy{sf] 5gf]6
;xfos sRrf kbfy{ ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ ;xfos ;fdu|Lsf] 5gf]6 d]l;g s]ldsn Pj+ cf}hf/sf] kl/ro Mkl/ro Mkl/ro Mkl/ro M––––
cjwf/0ffM– – k|sf/ – cfsf/
– pkof]lutf – ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ – 5gf]6sf] cfwf/ – ;xfos sRrf kbfy{
– 5gf]6sf] ljlw – clen]v /fVg] .
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
;xfos sRrf kbfy{
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
18
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ #MM 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg] sfo{ #MM 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg] sfo{ #MM 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg] sfo{ #MM 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg] @±*Ö!)@±*Ö!)@±*Ö!)@±*Ö!) 333306f06f06f06f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= 5fnf ;xfos kbfy{ lng]
@= 5fnf ;xfos kbfy{ 6]jndf lkmhfpg]
#= 5fnf ;xfos kbfy{sf pko'Qm 7fpFdf 9fFrf /fVg]
$= lrgf] nufpg] %= clen]v /fVg] .
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
lrgf] nufpg] 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{x?
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{df lrgf] nufpg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} v'8lsnfx? qmda4 ?kdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ 5fnf / ;xfos kbfy{x?df 7Ls lrgf] nufOPsf
– rgf] nufpg]
– kl/ro / cjwf/0ff – dxTj – df]8]n cg';f/ lrgf] nufpg]
– ljlw – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL – ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
6]jn ;]tf] l;;fsnd, rs kfp8/
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
;a} cfjZos ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
19
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ $MM lrgf] cg';f/ 5fnf / ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ sf6sfo{ $MM lrgf] cg';f/ 5fnf / ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ sf6sfo{ $MM lrgf] cg';f/ 5fnf / ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ sf6sfo{ $MM lrgf] cg';f/ 5fnf / ;xfos sRrf kbfy{ sf6\\ \\g] g] g] g] !±$Ö!±$Ö!±$Ö!±$Ö %%%%306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= lrgf] nufPsf] 5fnf lng] @= s}+rL lng] #= 5fnfsf] lrgf] nufPsf]
7fpFdf s}rLn] sf6\g] $= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ sf6\g' kg]{ lrgf] nufPsf] 5fnf / cf}hf/
sfosfosfosfo{ { { { ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ lrgf] cg';f/
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – lrgf] nufPsf] 7fpFsf] 5fnf
sfl6Psf] x'g'kg]{ – 5fnfdf e'jf x'g gx'g]
5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/ – kl/ro – cjwf/0ff
– k|sf/ – dxTj / pkof]lutf – 5fnf sf6\g] ljlw – 5fnf sf6\bf ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgLx?
– lqmofsnfksf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f s}+rL,
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL s}+rL rnfpbf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
20
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ % M 5]p 5fpsf] efu tf:g] sfo{ % M 5]p 5fpsf] efu tf:g] sfo{ % M 5]p 5fpsf] efu tf:g] sfo{ % M 5]p 5fpsf] efu tf:g] !±!±!±!±#)#)#)#)ÖÖÖÖ#!#!#!#! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|flj;DalGwt k|flj;DalGwt k|flj;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fglws 1fglws 1fglws 1fg
!= sfl6Psf 5fnfsf 6'qmfx? lng]
@= 5fnfsf 6'qmfx?nfO{ sfo{ :yndf /fVg]
#= cf}hf/ lng]] $= 5fnfsf 6'qmfsf
5]p5fpsf efu tf:g]
%= clen]v /fVg]
ccccj:yf j:yf j:yf j:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ 5]p5fpsf efu tf:g kg]{ 5fnf / cf}hf/
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ 5fnfsf] 5]p5fpsf efu tf:g]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– ;a} v'8lsnfx? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – cfjZos ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ 5fnfsf 6'qmfsf 5]p5fpsf efu /fd|f];Fu tfl5Psf]
– kl/ro – cjwf/0ff – k|sf/
– dxTj / pkof]lutf – 5fnfsf 6'qmfx? sf6\g] afSnf]kg cfsf/ – dxTj
– k|sf/÷lsl;d – tf:g] ljlw – ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
:SofljË d]l;g, afv, wf; kTy/, l;NnL kTy/
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
cf}hf/ k|of]u ubf{ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
21
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ ^M 5]p bf]asfo{ ^M 5]p bf]asfo{ ^M 5]p bf]asfo{ ^M 5]p bf]affffg]{ g]{ g]{ g]{ !)!)!)!)±!)Ö@)±!)Ö@)±!)Ö@)±!)Ö@) 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= tf;]sf] 5fnf÷5fnfsf] 6'qmf lng]
@= cfjZos ;fdu|L lng] #= 5fnf bf]ag]{ $= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ 5fnf÷5fnfsf] 6'qmf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ 5]p bf]afg]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----sssslt /fd|f];Fu_lt /fd|f];Fu_lt /fd|f];Fu_lt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf]
– tf;]sf] 5fnf /fd|f];Fu bf]afl/Psf] x'g'kg]{
5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/5fnf s6fO / k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/ – kl/ro / cjwf/0ff
– 5fnf bf]ag]{ ljlw – 5fnf bf]afbf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – lqmofsnfksf] clen]v
/fVg]
cfjZoscfjZoscfjZoscfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0f
ud, a'?;, xyf}8f bf]afg]{ 6]jn
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
bf]afg]{ ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft k"j{s rnfpg]
22
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ &M 5fnf l;nfpg] sfo{ &M 5fnf l;nfpg] sfo{ &M 5fnf l;nfpg] sfo{ &M 5fnf l;nfpg] @@@@±±±±@*@*@*@*ÖÖÖÖ#)#)#)#) 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k;DalGwt k;DalGwt k;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg
!= l;nfpg] sn -d]l;g_ sfd ug]{ cj:yfdf /fVg]
@= l;pg' kg]} 5fnfsf efux? lng]
#= 5fnfsf efux? l;nfpg] $= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
l;pg' kg]{ ;fdu|L
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ 5fnf l;nfpg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} v'8lsnfx? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf]
– cfjZos ;a} ;'/Iffsf ;fjwgLx? ckgfO lbOPsf] – ;fdu|L df]8]n cg';f/ hf]8]/ l;nfOPsf]
l;nfpg] sfo{ l;nfpg] sfo{ l;nfpg] sfo{ l;nfpg] sfo{ kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff – k|sf/ – dxTj l;nfpg] sn l;nfpg] sn l;nfpg] sn l;nfpg] sn ----d]l;g_d]l;g_d]l;g_d]l;g_ ;fjwfgLx? ;fjwfgLx? ;fjwfgLx? ;fjwfgLx? – klxrfg – k|sf/ – h8fg ljlw – ;+rfng ljlw – d]l;gsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgpg' kg]{ ljlw – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f l;pg] sn, s}+rL, cf}hf/ afs;, ajLg s];, l;of], t]n, wfuf]
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL sn / cf}hf/ ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg]
23
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ *sfo{ *sfo{ *sfo{ *M M M M h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+UofUofUofUoffpg] fpg] fpg] fpg] @±@*@±@*@±@*@±@* Ö #)Ö #)Ö #)Ö #) 306f 306f 306f 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cfjZos cf}hf/ / ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{
@= l;Psf] dflyNnf] efu lng]
#= dflyNnf] efusf] sfd 6'+Uofpg]
$= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ 6'+ufpg' kg]{ h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
h'Qfsf] dflyNnf] efu 6'+Uofpg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – wfuf] sfl6Psf] x'g'kg]{ – s]ldsn nfu]sf] efu ;kmf
ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
– leqL 5fFl6Psf] x'g'kg]{ – cfOn]6 /flvPsf] x'g'kg]{ – k~r ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
pkNnf] efu 6'+pkNnf] efu 6'+pkNnf] efu 6'+pkNnf] efu 6'+UofUofUofUoffpg] fpg] fpg] fpg] – cjwf/0ff cfjZostf /
dxTj
– dflyNnf] efu 6'+Uoffpg] ljlw
– ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgLx?
– lqmofsnfksf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f s}+rL, k]6«f]n÷dl§t]n
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL cf}hf/ / ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] /fVg]
24
df]8o'n #M lkml6df]8o'n #M lkml6df]8o'n #M lkml6df]8o'n #M lkml6ËËËË ----Lasting_÷a6d ug]{_÷a6d ug]{_÷a6d ug]{_÷a6d ug]{
df]8o'ndf h'Qf agfpg]n] cfˆgf] Joj;fo ubf{ lkml6+u ug]{ sfd;Fu ;DalGwt 1fg sd{rf/L ;DalGwt 1fg / ;Lk /flvPsf] 5 . o;df h'Qfsf] lkml6Ë ;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{ 5g\ . o;df x/]s sfo{ ug{ rflxg] v'8lsnf, clGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zo / ;DalGwt 1fg /flvPsf 5g\ .
p2]ZoMp2]ZoMp2]ZoMp2]ZoM
of] df]8o'n ;s]kl5 k|lzIfyL{x? tnsf sfo{ ug{ ;dy{ x'g]5g\ .
– ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug{ – OG;f]n ug{ – cf8f/÷6fpsf] /fVg – kmdf{df ;fdf h8fg ug{ – h'Qf s:g l;pg÷6fF:g
sfo{sfo{sfo{sfo{x?x?x?x? ! ;fFrf] / 8fO{ 5gf]6 ug]{
@ OG;f]n ug]{
# cf8f/÷6fpsf] /fVg]
$ kmdf]df ;fdf h8fg ug]{
% h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g]
25
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ !M ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ sfo{ !M ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ sfo{ !M ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ sfo{ !M ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ !±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;fFrf]÷8fO 5fGg] @= ;fFrf]÷8fO lng] #= l8hfOg lng]
$= ;fFrf]÷8fO 5gf]6sf cfwf/df l8hfOg cg';f/ ;fFrf]÷8fO 5gf]6 ug]{
%= ;fFrf] r]s ug]{
^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfcj:yfcj:yfcj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ l8hfOg / ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6sf cfwf/x? sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;fFrf] / 8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;fFrf]÷8fOsf] 5gf]6sf dfkb08df cfwf x'g'k5{
– ;fFrf]÷8fOsf] kl/ro, dxTj / pkof]lutf – ;fFrf]÷8fO 5gf]6 ug]{ ljlw – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgLx? – qmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM Pk|f]g, d's'08f], ;fFrf]–8fO
;'/Iff ;'/Iff ;'/Iff ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL/ ;fjwfgL/ ;fjwfgL/ ;fjwfgL Pk|f]g, df:s nufpg]
26
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @M OG;f]n ug]{sfo{ @M OG;f]n ug]{sfo{ @M OG;f]n ug]{sfo{ @M OG;f]n ug]{
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= sRrf kbfy{ 5fGg]
@= ;fFrf]÷8fO cg';f/ lrgf] nufpg]
#= lrgf]df sf6\g]
$= ;fFrf]÷8fO OG;f]n ug]{ %= OG;f]n sf6\g] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfcj:yfcj:yfcj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ OG;f]n ug{sf nflu sRrf kbfy{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ OG;f]n ug]{ dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_ – ;a} sfo{ v'8\lsnfx? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – cfjZos ;fjwfgL ;lxt h'Qfdf kmdf{ cg';f/ OG;f]n ul/Psf]
OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{
– kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff – OG;f]n ug{ rflxg] sRrf kbfy{ //// ltgsf] 5gf]6 – lrgf] nufpg] ljlw – OG;f]n sf6\g] ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM
;fFrf]÷8fO, n]b/ af]8{ UofS; af]8{, 86k]g, k]lGr;, xyf}8f, sfF6L
;;;;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL'/Iff / ;fjwfgL'/Iff / ;fjwfgL'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
cf}hf/x?sf] ;Qrfng ;'/lIft tj/n] ug]{
27
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfsfsfsfo{ # M dflyNnf] efudf cf8fgvL o{ # M dflyNnf] efudf cf8fgvL o{ # M dflyNnf] efudf cf8fgvL o{ # M dflyNnf] efudf cf8fgvL ----l;l;l;l;nfl:6s_ /fVg]nfl:6s_ /fVg]nfl:6s_ /fVg]nfl:6s_ /fVg] !±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= sRrf kbfy{ 5fGg] @= cf8/÷6fpsf]df lrgf]
nufpg]
#= lrgf] nufPsf] 7fpFdf sf6\g]
$= sf6]sf 6'qmfx? /;fogdf lehfpg]
%= dflyNnf] efu lng] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfcj:yfcj:yfcj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ cf8f gvL /fVg' kg]{ sfo{ / cfjZos cf}hf/ tyf pks/0f
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ dflyNNnf] efudf dflyNNnf] efudf dflyNNnf] efudf dflyNNnf] efudf c8fglv /fVg] /fVg]c8fglv /fVg] /fVg]c8fglv /fVg] /fVg]c8fglv /fVg] /fVg]
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_ – ;a} sfo{ v'8lsnfx? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf] x'g'kg{
– cfjZos ;fjwfgL ;lxt l;wf;Fu cf8f gvL /flvPsf] x'g'kg]{
– cf8f gvLsf] cjwf/0ff÷k|sf/ / cfjZostf
– cf8f gvL /fVg] – cf8f ÷6fpsf] /fVg] – cjwf/0ff , cfjZostf / dxTj
– l;4fGt / ljlw – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM 86k]g, as, s}+rL, /;fog lyg/, 8]G8«fO6
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL df:s÷Pk|f]g nufpg] ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
28
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ $$$$M kmdf{df ;fdf M kmdf{df ;fdf M kmdf{df ;fdf M kmdf{df ;fdf ----cKk/_ h8fg ug]{ cKk/_ h8fg ug]{ cKk/_ h8fg ug]{ cKk/_ h8fg ug]{ !±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^ 306f306f306f306f
sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;DkfbgclGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= sRrf kbfy{ 5fGg] @= ;fFrf]÷8fO cg';f/ lrgf] nufpg]
#= lrgf]df sf6\g] $= ;fFrf]÷8fO OG;f]n ug]{ %= OG;f]n sf6\g] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfcj:yfcj:yfcj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ OG;f]n ug{sf nflu sRrf kbfy{
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ OG;f]n ug]{
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_slt/fd|f]_ – ;a} sfo{ v'8\lsnfx? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – cfjZos ;fjwfgL ;lxt h'Qfdf kmdf{ cg';f/ OG;f]n ul/Psf]
OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{ OG;f]n ug]{ – kl/ro÷cjwf/0ff – OG;f]n ug{ rflxg] sRrf kbfy{ / ltgsf] 5gf]6 – lrgf] nufpg] ljlw – OG;f]n sf6\g] ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM
;fFrf]÷8fO, n]b/ af]8{ UofS; af]8{, 86k]g, k]lGr;, xyf}8f, sfF6L
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
cf}hf/x?sf] ;Qrfng ;'/lIft tj/n] ug]{
29
ssssfo{ ljZn]if0ffo{ ljZn]if0ffo{ ljZn]if0ffo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ % M h'Qf s:g] l;pg]÷6f:sfo{ % M h'Qf s:g] l;pg]÷6f:sfo{ % M h'Qf s:g] l;pg]÷6f:sfo{ % M h'Qf s:g] l;pg]÷6f:g] g] g] g] !±%Ö!±%Ö!±%Ö!±%Ö ^̂̂̂ 306f306f306f306f
sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cfjZos ;fdu|L ;+sng ug]{ @= kmdf{ cg';f/ ck/sf] leqL
a9L efu x6fpg]
#= s's'{Rrf / ;f]n -;'tnf_ sf] jLrdf k6f /fVg]
$= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ud nufpg' kg]{ jf 6f:g' kg]{
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ h'Qf s:g], l;pg]÷6f:g]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{ v'8lsnfx? qmda4 tj/n] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – hQf s:g /fd|f];Fu l;Psf] / 6fF;]sf] x'g]kg]{ – 5fnfdf e'jf x'g gx'g]
h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g] h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g] h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g] h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g] – kl/ro, cfjZostf,dxTj, pkof]lutf, h'Qf s:g l;pg]÷6fF:g] l;4fGt / ljlw – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgL – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f k]~rL;, xyf}8f, udsf] l:6s uu6], ud
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – es'08f] Pk|f]g nufpg] – ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
30
df]8df]8df]8df]8\\\\o'n rf/Mo'n rf/Mo'n rf/Mo'n rf/M ;f]n;f]n;f]n;f]n ----tn'jf_ 6f:g]tn'jf_ 6f:g]tn'jf_ 6f:g]tn'jf_ 6f:g]
j0f{gMj0f{gMj0f{gMj0f{gM of] df]8o'ndf h'Qf agfpg]n] cfˆgf] ;f]n 6f:g] Jofj;flos sfo{ ;Fu ;DalGwt 1fg / ;Lk af/] j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . o;df ;f]n 6fF:g] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ubf{ ug'{ kg]{ sfo{x? 5g\ . o;df x/]s sfo{sf nflu cfjZos v'8lsnf, clGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zo / ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;d]t /flvPsf 5g\ .
p2]Zo p2]Zo p2]Zo p2]Zo of] df]8\o'n ;s]kl5 k|lzIffyL{x? tnsf sfd ug{ ;Sg]5g\ – ;f]n -tn'jf_ 5gf]6 ug{ – vfS;L nufpg – ;f]n -tn'jf_ 6fF:g sfo{x? sfo{x? sfo{x? sfo{x? !=;f]n -tn'jf_ 5gf]6 ug{ @=vfS;L nufpg #=;f]n -tn'jf_ 6fF:g
31
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ ! M ;f]n sfo{ ! M ;f]n sfo{ ! M ;f]n sfo{ ! M ;f]n ----tn'jf_ s;]sf] h'Qf / tn'jf_ s;]sf] h'Qf / tn'jf_ s;]sf] h'Qf / tn'jf_ s;]sf] h'Qf / ----aVvL_ 5gf]6 ug]{ aVvL_ 5gf]6 ug]{ aVvL_ 5gf]6 ug]{ aVvL_ 5gf]6 ug]{ !±$Ö%!±$Ö%!±$Ö%!±$Ö% 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;f]n -tn'jf_ ;+sng ug]{ @= ;f]n -tn'jf_ 5fGg] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ug]{
#= l8hfOg lng] $= ;f]n -tn'jf_ 5fGg] cfwf/ /
l8hfOgsf cfwf/df ;f]n -tn'jf_ 5fGg]
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;f]n -tn'jf_ cGo cf}hf/ / ;f]n -tn'jf_ 5fGg] cfwf/ sfo{
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;f]n -tn'jf_ s;]sf] h'Qf / -aVvL_ 5gf]6 ug
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf – ;f]n 5fGgsf nflu agfOPsf cfwf/df ;f]n 5gf]6 ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;f]n ;f]n ;f]n ;f]n ----tn'jtn'jtn'jtn'jffff_ _ _ _ – kl/ro / cjwf/0ff – klxrfg
– k|sf/ – dxTj / pkof]lutf ;f]n 5gf]6 ug]{ – cjwf/0ff
– 5gf]6sf cfwf/ – 5gf]6 k|lqmof – sfo{ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL
– clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;f]n, -tn'jf_ l8hfOgx?
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL df:s÷Pk|f]g nufpg]
–;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
32
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @ M ;f]n ;kmf ug]{ sfo{ @ M ;f]n ;kmf ug]{ sfo{ @ M ;f]n ;kmf ug]{ sfo{ @ M ;f]n ;kmf ug]{ vfS;vfS;vfS;vfS;L nufpg] L nufpg] L nufpg] L nufpg] !±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^!±%Ö^306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= vfS;L nufpg' kg]{ a:t' lng]
@= ;f]nsf] -tn'jf_ lsl;d cg';f/ vfS;L nufpg]
#= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ vfS;L nufpg] j:t'
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
;f]n ;kmf ug{ vfS;L nufpg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;f]n -tn'jf_ sf] k|sf/ cg';f/ vfS;L nufOPsf] – ;'\/Iffsf ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ ;DkGg ul/Psf]
vfS;L nufpg] vfS;L nufpg] vfS;L nufpg] vfS;L nufpg] – kl/ro / cjwf/0ff – dxTj
– k|lqmof – ;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pkcfjZos cf}hf/÷pkcfjZos cf}hf/÷pkcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fs/0fs/0fs/0f vfS;L nufpg] d];Lg, vfS;L, a+s, k~hf
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – Pk|f]g÷df:s÷k~hf nufpg] – ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
33
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ # M ;f]n sfo{ # M ;f]n sfo{ # M ;f]n sfo{ # M ;f]n ----tn'jf_ 6tn'jf_ 6tn'jf_ 6tn'jf_ 6fF:g] fF:g] fF:g] fF:g]
v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;f]n -tn'jf_ lng]
@= ;f]n -tn'jf_ ;kmf ug]{ #= /;fog nufpg] $= ;f]n -tn'jf_ ;'sfpg]
%= ;f]n -tn'jf_ ttfpg] ^= ;f]ndf -tn'jf_ ud
nufpg] &= ;f]n -tn'jf_ 6fF:g]
*= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
6fF:g' kg]{ ;f]n
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;f]n 6fF:g]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf]
– ;'/Iffsf nflu ;a} ;fawfgL ckgfO ;f]nsf] lsl;d cg';f/ ;f]n 6fF:g] – lko' aflx/ b]lvg' gx'g] – #) ldg]6 kl5 xftn] tfGbf ;f]n gpKsg' kg]{
kl/ro kl/ro kl/ro kl/ro
– ljlw÷k|lqmof ;f]n 6fF:g nfUg] ;do dxTjdxTjdxTjdxTj
– sfo{ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgLx? – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f lx6/, k|]; d];Lg, ud 6fF:g] jLr k]rs;, 8Ajf, ud , k~hf
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – df:s÷Pk|f]g÷k~hf nufpg] – lx6/, k|f];, d];Lg, Un', l:6s, k]rs; rnfpbf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] – kmdf{ cg';f/ ;f]n ldn]sf] x'g'kg]{ – Un' l:6s, k]rs; rnfpbf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
34
df]8o'n df]8o'n df]8o'n df]8o'n %%%%M M M M h'Qfsf] lkmlgl;Ë ug]{h'Qfsf] lkmlgl;Ë ug]{h'Qfsf] lkmlgl;Ë ug]{h'Qfsf] lkmlgl;Ë ug]{
j0f{gM j0f{gM j0f{gM j0f{gM of] df]8o'ndf h'Qf agfpg]n] ug]{ Jofj;flws tj/n] h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt 1fg / ;Lk /flvPsf] 5 . o;df h'Qf lkmlgl;Ë ubf{ ug'{kg]{ sfo{x? 5g\ . x/]s sfo{ ubf{ cfjZos v'8lsnf, clGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zo / ;+alGwt k|fljlws 1fg klg /flvPsf 5g\ .
p2]Zo Mp2]Zo Mp2]Zo Mp2]Zo M of] df]8o'n ;s]kl5 k|lzIffyL{x? tnsf sfd ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
– ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg – ;f]n -tn'jf_ l;nfO ug{ – ;'tnf agfpg – ;'tnf /fVg – ;km fug{ – kfln; ug{ – KoflsË ug{ – e08f/0f ug{ – ;dfgsf] ahf/Ls/0f ug{
sfo{x? sfo{x? sfo{x? sfo{x? != ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg]
@= ;f]n -tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{
#= ;'tnf agfpg]
$= ;'tnf /fVg]
%= ;kmf ug]{
^= kfln; ug]{
&= KoflsË ug]{
*= e08f/0f ug]{
(= ;dfgsf] ahf/Ls/0f ug]{
35
sfo{ ljZn]ifsfo{ ljZn]ifsfo{ ljZn]ifsfo{ ljZn]if0f0f0f0f
sfo{ ! M ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg] sfo{ ! M ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg] sfo{ ! M ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg] sfo{ ! M ;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg] )=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs rs rs rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;fdfu|L ;+sng ug]{ @= ;fFrf]÷8fO lng] #= sfd ug]{ 6]jndf ;fFrf] / 8fO /fVg] $= ;fFrf]÷8fO lgsfNg]
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;fFrf] jf 8fO
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
;fFrf] / 8fO lgsfNg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf]
– ;'/Iffdf ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfO ;fFrf] / 8fO ;'/lIft k"j{s lgsfNg]
;fFrf]÷8fO lgsfNg] ;fFrf]÷8fO lgsfNg] ;fFrf]÷8fO lgsfNg] ;fFrf]÷8fO lgsfNg] – kl/ro – k|sf/ – efux? lgsfNg k|lqmof
– sfo{ ubf{ ckgfpg'kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgLx? lqmofsnfksf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f k]Grs;, x'knf;
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL cf}hf/x? ;'/lIft tj/n] ;~rfng ug]{
36
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @ M ;kmfsfo{ @ M ;kmfsfo{ @ M ;kmfsfo{ @ M ;kmf ug]{ug]{ug]{ug]{
v'8v'8v'8v'8\\ \\lsnfx?lsnfx?lsnfx?lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]p2]p2]p2]ZoZoZoZo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ kmdf{ lgsfn]sf] h'Qf, lu|g/ jf d§Lt]n, s]k jf /a/, xfO8]lG;6L kmd{, l:k|6 NofDk, tof/L k]g
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;kmf ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ h'Qfdf b]lvPsf] s]ldsn wfuf] hnfP/, sf6]/ jf 3f]6]/ ;kmf ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
– h'Qf ;kmf ug]{ ljlw – h'Qf ;kmf ug{ k|of]u ul/g] cf}hf/x?sf] kl/ro h:t}M a|;, lu|g/, dl§t]n, sk, /a/ kmd{, l:k|6 aQL, tof/L k]g / ltgsf] sfd / k|of]u ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
kmdf{ lgsfn]sf] h'Qf, lu|g/ jf d§Lt]n, s]k jf /a/, xfO8]lG;6L kmd{, l:k|6 NofDk, tof/L k]g
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
cf}hf/x? ;'/lIft tj/n] ;~rf/ ug]{
37
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ @ M ;kmf ug]{sfo{ @ M ;kmf ug]{sfo{ @ M ;kmf ug]{sfo{ @ M ;kmf ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cf}hf/÷pks/0f / ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{
@= ;kmf ug'{kg]{ ;fdu|Lx? cf}hf/ klxrfg ug]{
#= ;kmf ug]{ 7fpF klxrfg ug]{
$= ;kmf ug]{ sfo{ ug]{
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf kmdf{ lgsfn]sf] h'Qf, a|;, ly|g/ jf dl§t]n, qm]k, l:kl/6 NofDk
sfo{M sfo{M sfo{M sfo{M ;kmf ug]{
dfkb08M dfkb08M dfkb08M dfkb08M – h'Qfdf b]lvPsf] s]ldsn / wfuf] hnfP/, sf6]/ jf 3f]6/ ;femf ul/{sf] x'g'kg]{
– :yfg, ;fdu|L / cf}hf/ ;kmf ul/Psf]
h'Qf ;kmf ug]{ ljlw ;kmf ug{ k|of]u ug]{ cf}hf/x? ltgsf sfd / k|of]u ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
k]6«f]n, d§Lt]n, ;kmf ug]{ sk8f lbOPsf] af6 ;fg'{
;'/Iff / ;fj;'/Iff / ;fj;'/Iff / ;fj;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL wfgL wfgL wfgL
– Pk|f]g÷k+hf nufpg] – cfuf]af6 aRg] .
38
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ # Msfo{ # Msfo{ # Msfo{ # M ;f]n ;f]n ;f]n ;f]n ----tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{
v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cf}hf/, pks/0f / ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{
@= l;pg' kg]{ ;f]n tof/ ug]{ #= l;nfpg] d]l;g ;]6 ug]{
$= l;nfpg] d]l;g rnfpg] %= ;f]n, -tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ l;nfpg' kg]{ ;f]n -tn'jf_
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;f]n -tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ ;f]n l;nfO ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;a} cfjZos ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ ;f]n l;nfO ug]{ sfo{ /fd|f];Fu ul/Psf]
l;nfO sfo{ l;nfO sfo{ l;nfO sfo{ l;nfO sfo{ – ;f]n -tn'jf_ l;nfO ug]{ ljifosf] kl/ro / cjwf/0ff – k|sf/
– dxTj – l;pg] efu – l;pg] l;4fGt / ljlw
– l;nfpg] d];Lg, o;sf efu / sfd – sfo{ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iffsf ;fjwfgL
– clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f l;of], wfuf], d}gaQL, s}+rL
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – h'Qf nufpg] – l;of] / cGo cf}hf/ ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg]
39
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ $ M ;'tnf agfpg]sfo{ $ M ;'tnf agfpg]sfo{ $ M ;'tnf agfpg]sfo{ $ M ;'tnf agfpg]
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws;DalGwt k|fljlws;DalGwt k|fljlws;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg1fg1fg1fg
!= cfjZos ;fdu|L ;+sng ug]{
@= cfjZos sRrf ;fdu|L ;+sng ug]{
#= gfk lng] $= ;'tnf agfpg] %= l8hfOg cg';f/ ;'tnf
sf6\g] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;'tnf agfpg] ;fdu|L / ;'tnfsf ljleGg l8hfOg sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'tnf agfpg] ddddfkb08fkb08fkb08fkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;'/Iffdf ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfO lbOPsf] l8hfOg cg';f/ ;'tnf agfOPsf] x'g'kg]{
;'tnf agfpg] ;'tnf agfpg] ;'tnf agfpg] ;'tnf agfpg] – kl/ro – 9fFrf – ;'tnf agfpg] l;4fGt / ljlw – ;'tnf agfpFbf ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f s}+rL, xyf}8f, nf]uf], l;Gy]l6s, 8]G8«fO6\;, cGo sRrf ;fdu|Lx?
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – cf}hf/x? ;'/lIft tj/n] ;~rfng ug]{ – cfuf]af6 ;'/lIft /xg]
40
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ % M ;'tnf /fVg] sfo{ % M ;'tnf /fVg] sfo{ % M ;'tnf /fVg] sfo{ % M ;'tnf /fVg] )=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cf}hf/ pks/0f ;+sng ug]{
@= l8hfOg lng] #= ;'tnf lng]
$= h'Qfsf] cfsf/ / l8hfOg cg';f/ ;'tnf /fVg]
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ /fVg' kg]{ ;'tnf / l8hfOg
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'tnf /fVg]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;'/Iffdf ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfOPsf] l8hfOg cg';f/ ;'tnf /flvPsf] x'g'kg]{ – bfofF afofF s]ldsn b]lvPsf] x'g'kg]{
;'tnf /fVg] ;'tnf /fVg] ;'tnf /fVg] ;'tnf /fVg] – kl/ro – k|sf/ – k|fljlws ÷k|lqmof
– ;'tnf s]ldsn /fVg] ljlw – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL
– clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f Nofl6;, 8]G8f«O6\; 6fF:g] cf}hf/x?
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;DalGwt cf}hf/ pks/0fx? ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg]
41
sfo{sfo{sfo{sfo{ ljZn]if0fljZn]if0fljZn]if0fljZn]if0f
sfosfosfosfo{ ^ M kfln; ug]{{ ^ M kfln; ug]{{ ^ M kfln; ug]{{ ^ M kfln; ug]{
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg
;;;;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= cf}hf/ / ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{ @= ljleGg /+usf kfln; ;+sng ug]{ #= k+hf nufpg] $= kfln; nufpg] /Ë 5fGg]
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ljleGg /Ësf kfln; ul/g] j:t'
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ kfln; ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – h'Qfsf] /Ë cg';f/ kfln; ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{ – kfln; ghd]sf] x'g'kg]{
kl/ro kl/ro kl/ro kl/ro – k|sf/ – dxTj – l;4fGt / k|lqmof
– ;DalGwt cf}hf/ / pks/0fx? – kfln; ubf{ ckgfpg'kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL lqmofsnfkx?sf] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
ljleGg /Ësf kfln;, a'?;, k~hf
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL
– kfln; ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg] – k~hf nufpg]
42
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ & M j:t' KoflsË ug]{ sfo{ & M j:t' KoflsË ug]{ sfo{ & M j:t' KoflsË ug]{ sfo{ & M j:t' KoflsË ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö!)=%±)=%Ö! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfv'8lsnfv'8lsnfv'8lsnfx?x?x?x? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= KoflsË ug{sf nflu cf}hf/, pks/0f / ;fdu|Lx? ;+sng ug]{ @= KoflsË ug]{ j:t' lng]
#= j:t' KoflsË ug]{ $= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfMcj:yfM KoflsË ug'{kg]{ j:t'
sfosfosfosfo{ KoflsË ug'{kg]{ j:t'
dfkdfkdfkdfkb08Mb08Mb08Mb08M df]8]n / ;fOh cg';f/ KoflsË ePsf] x'g'kg]{
KoflsË MKoflsË MKoflsË MKoflsË M – kl/ro – k|sf/ – dxTj
– l;4fGt / ljlw – KoflsË ubf{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ckgfpg'kg]{ ;fjwfgL lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cfjZos cfjZos cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0fcf}hf/÷pks/0f
Knfli6s ;L6, sfuhsf] jfs;
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL j:t'sf] /fd|f] lxkmfht ug]{
43
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ * M j:t' e08f/ ug]{ sfo{ * M j:t' e08f/ ug]{ sfo{ * M j:t' e08f/ ug]{ sfo{ * M j:t' e08f/ ug]{ ----yGsfpg]_yGsfpg]_yGsfpg]_yGsfpg]_
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= KoflsË u/]sf j:t' lng] @= KoflsË u/]sf j:t'df c+s
/fVg] #= c+s cg';f/ qmda4
tj/n] a:t'nfO{ b/fhdf /fVg]
$= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ e08f/0f ug'{ kg]{ j:t'
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
j:t' e08f/ ug]{ -yGsfpg]_ j:t' e08f/0f ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfO{ KoflsË ul/Psf j:t'x? qmda4 c+ssf cfwf/df e08f/0f ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
j:t' e08f/0fj:t' e08f/0fj:t' e08f/0fj:t' e08f/0f – kl/ro – dxTj – l;4fGt / k|lqmof – e08f/0f ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DjGwL ;fjwfgL / e08f/0f ug]{ ljlw – lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]v /fVg] ljlw – klxnf] leqfPsf] j:t' klxNo} aflx/ k7fpg] -km:6 Og km:6 cfp6_ – clGtddf leqfPsf] j:t' klxn] g} aflx/ k7fpg] - nf:6 Og km:6 cfp6_
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f e08f/ sf]7f, :6Lnsf] b/fh
;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL ;'/Iff / ;fjwfgL – KoflsË u/]sf ;fdu|Lx? ;'/lIft tj/n] rnfpg] – k~hf nufpg]
44
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ ( M ;fdfgsf]sfo{ ( M ;fdfgsf]sfo{ ( M ;fdfgsf]sfo{ ( M ;fdfgsf] ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö !!!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!=;fdfg jhf/df k7fpg] @= ;fdfgsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ #= ;fdfg ljqmL ug{ $= gfkmf 3f6fsf] lx;fj ug{
%= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ahf/Ls/0f ug'{ kg] ;fdfg sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;fdfgsf] ahf/Ls/0f ug]{ dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} sfo{x? qmda4 tl/sfn] ;DkGg ul/Psf] – ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;a} ;fjwfgL ckgfO ;fdfgsf] /fd|f] jhf/Ls/0f ul/Psf]
;fdfg ahf/Ls/0f;fdfg ahf/Ls/0f;fdfg ahf/Ls/0f;fdfg ahf/Ls/0f – kl/ro – dxTj – ;fdfg ahf/df k'¥ofpg] – ;fdfg k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ – ;fdfg ljqmL ug]{ – gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] lx;fa /fVg] – ahf/Ls/0f ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f oftfoftsf ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ahf/Ls/0f ubf{ ahf/sf gLlt lgod kfng ug'{kg]{
45
df]8df]8df]8df]8\\\\o'n ^M o'n ^M o'n ^M o'n ^M ;~rf/;~rf/;~rf/;~rf/
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ !!!! M l8hfOg/;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{M l8hfOg/;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{M l8hfOg/;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{M l8hfOg/;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= h'Qf l8hfOg/x?sf] ;"lr k|fKt ug]{
@= ;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{ #= ;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ ug]{
$= lzi6frf/ k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_
;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ l8hfOg/;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ ;Gb]z k7fpg] JolQmn] k7fPsf] ;Gb]z÷;"rgf k|fKtsn] ;xL tj/n] a'‰g] efiffdf x'g'k5{ .
h'Qf l8hfOg/;Fu h'Qf l8hfOg/;Fu h'Qf l8hfOg/;Fu h'Qf l8hfOg/;Fu
;~rf/ M kl/efiff, cjwf/0ff, / dxTj – k|sf/ – ;fwg – ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – h'g snLu9;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ /fd|f] tl/sf – ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' kg]{ s'/fx?
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g / ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwfg
cfjZos cf}cfjZos cf}cfjZos cf}cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fhf/÷pks/0fhf/÷pks/0fhf/÷pks/0f
–;Gb]z k7fpg] s'/fdf ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] –;~rf/sf cj/f]ws x6fpg] tl/sf
46
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{Msfo{Msfo{Msfo{M@,@,@,@, ;'kl/j]Ifs;'kl/j]Ifs;'kl/j]Ifs;'kl/j]Ifs÷slgi7÷Joj:yfkg÷d]sflgS;÷slgi7÷Joj:yfkg÷d]sflgS;÷slgi7÷Joj:yfkg÷d]sflgS;÷slgi7÷Joj:yfkg÷d]sflgS;÷cfk"lt{stf{÷÷cfk"lt{stf{÷÷cfk"lt{stf{÷÷cfk"lt{stf{÷u|fxsu|fxsu|fxsu|fxs;Fu ;Fu ;Fu ;Fu ;~rf/ ;~rf/ ;~rf/ ;~rf/ ug]{ug]{ug]{ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö !!!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k;DalGwt k;DalGwt k;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg|fljlws 1fg
!= ;'kl/j]Ifsx?sf] ;"lr lng] @= ;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
tof/ ug]{ #=;'kl/j]Ifsx?÷slgi7÷Joj:yfkg÷d]sflgS;÷cfk"lt{ stf{÷u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
$= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g] – cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ – ;~rf/
– ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – cj/f]w – ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f – ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{ – ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
47
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ # M slgi6;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{ # M slgi6;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{ # M slgi6;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{ # M slgi6;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= slgi7x?sf] ;"lr k|fKt ug]{ @= ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{
;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ kfg]{ #= slgi7;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
$= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g] – cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ – ;~rf/ – ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – cj/f]w
– ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL
– clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hfcfjZos cf}hfcfjZos cf}hfcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f/÷pks/0f/÷pks/0f/÷pks/0f – ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{
– ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
48
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
ssssfo{Mfo{Mfo{Mfo{M$ $ $ $ Joj:yfkg;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{Joj:yfkg;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{Joj:yfkg;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{Joj:yfkg;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt;DalGwt;DalGwt;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fgk|fljlws 1fgk|fljlws 1fgk|fljlws 1fg
!= ;'kl/j]Ifsx?sf] ;"lr lng] @= Joj:yfkg;Fu ;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{
;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ ug]{]{
#= slgi7;Fu ;~rf/ ug $= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g] – cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ug]{ ug]{ ug]{ – ;~rf/
– ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – cj/f]w – ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f – ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{
– ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
49
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{Msfo{Msfo{Msfo{M%%%% d]sfd]sfd]sfd]sflgS;;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{lgS;;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{lgS;;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{lgS;;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;'kl/j]Ifsx?sf] ;"lr lng] @= d]sflgS;;Fu;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{
;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ ug]{ #= d]sflgS;;Fu ;~rf/ ug
$= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g] – cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;;;;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ 'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ 'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ 'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ug]{ ug]{ ug]{ – ;~rf/ – ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
– cj/f]w – ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf
– ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f – ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{ – ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
50
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{Msfo{Msfo{Msfo{M ^̂̂̂ cfk"lt{stf;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{cfk"lt{stf;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{cfk"lt{stf;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{cfk"lt{stf;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg
;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;'kl/j]Ifsx?sf] ;"lr lng] @= cfk"lt{stf;Fu ;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{
;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ ug]{ #= cfk"lt{ stf{;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
$= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g]
– cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ – ;~rf/ – ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – cj/f]w
– ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
– ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{ – ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
51
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{M& u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{M& u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{M& u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{sfo{M& u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f)=%±)=%Ö ! 306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;'kl/j]Ifsx?sf] ;"lr lng] @= ;~rf/ ug'{ kg]{
;Gb]z÷;"rgf tof/ ug]{ #= u|fxs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
$= lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ %= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;~rf/ ug'{kg]{ ;Gb]z÷;"rgf
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– k|]ifs clek|fo adf]lhd ;Gb]z k|fKt stf{n] x'ax' a'‰g] – cj:yfdf ;Gb]z ;~rf/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ug]{ – ;~rf/ – ;Gb]z÷;"rgf – cj/f]w
– ;'kl/j]Ifs;Fu ;~rf/ ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ lzi6tf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;Gb]z, 6]lnkmf]g, ;~rf/sf cGo ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f – ;'/Iff k|fKt stf{n] a'‰g] efiff / z}nLdf ;Gb]z lgwf{/0f ug]{ – ;~rf/sf cj/f]w x6fpg] s'/fdf ;hu x'g]
52
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ **** M M M M jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng]jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng]jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng]jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng] )=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö !!!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= al/i7 JolQm klxrfg ug]{ @= al/i7 JolQmnfO{ e]6\g] #= ;Nnfx lng' kg]{ s'/fsf]
l/kf]6{ tof/ ug]{ $= al/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ ug]{ %= k]zfut ;Lk÷1fg u|x0f ug]{
^= k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu ;xof]u÷;'emfj lng]
&= plrt lzi6tf k|bz{g ug]{ *= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
(= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ k/fdz{ lbg] al/i7 JolQm
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ jl/i7JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ lng]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– lzi6tf b]vfO k]zfut 1fg ÷;Lk÷;Nnfx ljsf;sf nlu ;'emfj lnOPsf]
jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{jl/i7 JolQm;Fu k/fdz{ – k]zfut ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff,cfjZostf / dxTj
– k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu al/i7 JolQm k/fdz{ lnbfsf] dxTj
– ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL – clen]v /fVg]
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f ;~rf/ / oftfoftsf ;fwg
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f lzi6frf/ b]vfpg]
53
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ ( M pRr lzIff÷tflndsf] vf]hL ug]{sfo{ ( M pRr lzIff÷tflndsf] vf]hL ug]{sfo{ ( M pRr lzIff÷tflndsf] vf]hL ug]{sfo{ ( M pRr lzIff÷tflndsf] vf]hL ug]{ )=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö !!!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zors p2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= pRr lzIffsf] nflu ;+:yfx? klxrfg ug]{
@= ;+:yfx?;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ #= ;+:yfn] k|bfg ug]{ lzIff
;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f lng] $= lzIff tflndsf nflu
pko'Qm ;+:yf 5gf]6 ug]{
%= egf{ eO{ cWoog ug]{ ^= ;+:yfaf6 of]Uotfsf]
k|df0f kq u|x0f ug]{ ^= ;fjwfgL ckgfpg]
&= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ pRr lzIffsf nflu ;+:yfx?sf] ;"rL
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ pRr lzIff tflndsf] vf]hL ug]{
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;a} ;hutf ckgfO pRr lzIffsf] ;+:yf vfHg] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf]
pRr lzIffsf] nflu vf]hL ug]{ pRr lzIffsf] nflu vf]hL ug]{ pRr lzIffsf] nflu vf]hL ug]{ pRr lzIffsf] nflu vf]hL ug]{ – pRr lzIffsf] cjwf/0ff, dxTj / cfjZostf – ljsf;sf nflu pRr lzIffsf] dxTj – ;hutf ckgfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f
OG6/g]6÷oftfoft / ;~rf/sf ;fwg
;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM
lzi6tf b]vfpg]
54
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ !) M Jofj;flos gLlt lgod kfng ug]{sfo{ !) M Jofj;flos gLlt lgod kfng ug]{sfo{ !) M Jofj;flos gLlt lgod kfng ug]{sfo{ !) M Jofj;flos gLlt lgod kfng ug]{ ±)=%Ö±)=%Ö±)=%Ö±)=%Ö )=%=)=%=)=%=)=%=306f306f306f306f
sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx?sfo{ v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;"rs;"rs;"rs;"rs p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo
;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= k]zfut cfr/0f klxrfg ug]{ @= k]zfut cfr/0fsf] ;"lr agfpg] #= cfr/0fsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{ $= k]zfut cfr/0f cjnf]sg ug]{
%= ;hutf ckgfpg]] ^= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ k]zfut cfr/0fsf] ;"lr
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_
Jofj;flos gLlt lgodsf] kfng ug]{
dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 dfkb08 ----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
– ;Dk"0f{ ;hutf ckgfO{ k]zfut gLlt, lgod / cfr/0f kfng ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{
k]zfut cfr/0fsf] cjwf/0ff, k]zfut cfr/0fsf] cjwf/0ff, k]zfut cfr/0fsf] cjwf/0ff, k]zfut cfr/0fsf] cjwf/0ff, cfjZostf / dxTj cfjZostf / dxTj cfjZostf / dxTj cfjZostf / dxTj – k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu k]zfut cfr/0fsf] e"ldsf
– ckgfpg' kg]{ ;hutf – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f sfuh, snd, ;DalGwt kf7\o ;fdu|Lx?
;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLMckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM
;hutfk"j{s k]zfut cfr/0f cjnf]sg ug]{
55
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ !! M uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng]sfo{ !! M uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng]sfo{ !! M uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng]sfo{ !! M uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng] )=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö)=%±)=%Ö !!!! 306f306f306f306f
v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx?v'8lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;clGtd sfo{ ;+Dkfbg ;""""rs rs rs rs
p2]Zop2]Zop2]Zop2]Zo ;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg;DalGwt k|fljlws 1fg
!= ;DalGwt uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnf÷klxNofpg]
@= uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng] #= l/kf]6{ ug]{ $= k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu ;Lk
tyf 1fg u|x0f ug]{ %= k]zfut cfr/0f cjnf]sg ug]{ ^= ;hutf ckgfpg] &= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ sfo{zfnf÷uf]i7Ldf efu lng] cj;/
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_ s]_ s]_ s]_ uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lng]lng]lng]lng]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_
;+DalGwt uf]i7L÷sfo{zfnfdf efu lnO ;Lk / 1fg k|fKt ePsf]
uf]i7Lsfo{zfnfdf efu lng]uf]i7Lsfo{zfnfdf efu lng]uf]i7Lsfo{zfnfdf efu lng]uf]i7Lsfo{zfnfdf efu lng] – sfo{zfnf÷uf]i7Ldf efu lng] cjwf/0ff, cfjZostf / dxTj
– k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu sfo{zfnf÷uf]i7Lsf] e"ldsf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;hutf
– clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fMcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fM
sfuh, snd, ;DalGwt kf7\o;fdfu|L
;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM
k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu 1fg ;Lk clej[l4 ug]{
56
sfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0fsfo{ ljZn]if0f
sfo{ !@ M Jofj;flos kq klqsf tyf Dofg'on k9sfo{ !@ M Jofj;flos kq klqsf tyf Dofg'on k9sfo{ !@ M Jofj;flos kq klqsf tyf Dofg'on k9sfo{ !@ M Jofj;flos kq klqsf tyf Dofg'on k9\\\\g]g]g]g] )= )=± )=% Ö)= )=± )=% Ö)= )=± )=% Ö)= )=± )=% Ö )=%)=%)=%)=% 306f306f306f306f
v'8\lsnfx? clGtd sfo{ ;+kfbg ;"rs p2]Zo
;DalGlwt k|ljlws 1fg
!= ;DalGwt kq klqsf÷Dofg'on klxrfg ug]{
@= k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'on k|fKt ug]{
#= k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'on k9\g] $= k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'onsf] cy{
nufpg] %= k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'onsf]
ljZn]if0f ug]{ ^= k]zfut ljsf;df ;xof]uL
1fg÷;Lk u|x0f ug]{ &= ;hutf ckgfpg] *= clen]v /fVg]
cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf cj:yf ----lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_lbOPsf]_ ;DalGlwt k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'onsf] ;|f]t
sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ sfo{ ----s]_s]_s]_s]_ Jofj;flos kqklqsf tyf Dofg'on k9\g]
dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08dfkb08----slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_slt /fd|f];Fu_ – ;+DalGwt k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'on klxrfg u/L k]zfdf ;xof]uL x'g] – 1fg÷;Lksf] JofVof / ljZn]if0f ul/Psf]
Joj;flos kqklqsf tyf Joj;flos kqklqsf tyf Joj;flos kqklqsf tyf Joj;flos kqklqsf tyf Dofg'on cWoogDofg'on cWoogDofg'on cWoogDofg'on cWoog – k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'on cWoog ugf{sf] cjwf/0ff, cfjZostf / dxTj – k]zfut ljsf;sf nflu Jofj;flos
– klqsf÷Dofg'onsf] e"ldsf – ckgfpg' kg]{ ;hutf – clen]v /fVg] ljlw
cfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0fcfjZos cf}hf/÷pks/0f snd, sfuh,k]zfut klqsf÷Dofg'on
;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM;'/Iffsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgLM
k]zfut ;hutf clea[l4sf nflu klqsf÷Dofg'on cWoog ug]{ cfbt
57
General Quality Indicators
Input Level
SN Criteria Objectively verifiable indicator (OVI) Means of verification (MOV)
1
Mechanisms to
identify training
needs in the labour
market:
• Training Needs Assessment /Rapid
Market Appraisal (or other
appropriate method) is following
standard methodology and depicts
demand for skilled workers and
their training needs at local level is
conducted at least once per year.
TNA or RMA report
• T&E regularly meets Chambers of
Commerces, representatives of
local businesses and bigger
industries as well as actively
participates in local employment
and training review events.
No. of meetings, list of participants
and minutes of the meetings.
2 Schemes used to
promote better
access to VST:
• Training annoucements are
disseminated widely through
different media (e.g., Local FM,
posters, local community
organization etc.)
Frequency and content of information
broadcasted in media and through
other channels
• Trainees are selected as per the
trainee selection guideline of the
programme.
List of selected trainees (incl. detailed
information on their eligibility
as per the selection criteria).
3 Availability of
training curriculum
and manual:
• Curriculum standardised by CTEVT
is accessible to the instructors. Training event monitoring report
• Training manuals/materials are
developed based on the CTEVT
standard curriculum and are of
relevance for the labour market.
Training manuals/materials.
4 Selection of
Instructors:
• At least two
Profile of instructors. Training event
monitoring report
• At least one of the two instructors
has minimum TSLC with one year
work experience or skill test level 2
pass with three years work
experience
Profile of all instructors
58
• At least one of the two instructors
successfully completed at least five
day's customized TOT for level 1
and at least four days for
elementary level conducted by a
nationally recognised institute
(such as TITI)
Profile of all instructors
• All instructors are oriented before
training start on the overall
programme as well as the use of
the curriculum and manual(s).
Pre training orientation report
5 Training Cycle
Management:
• Timely preparation of training
calender (start and end date of
training, OJT placement plan, skill
testing date, job placement plan
and post-training support plan)
Training calendar
Process Level
SN Criteria Objectively verifiable indicator (OVI) Means of verification (MOV)
1. Trainees'
participation:
• Trainees are with regards to
gender, caste, ethnicity, education
level and geographical origin from
the eligible target group.
Database of trainees
• Maximum 20 per group
Database of trainees.
Training event
monitoring report
• Throughout the training at least
80% of the trainees are attending.
Trainee attendance sheet.
Training event
monitoring report
2
Involvement of
Instructors:
• The trainee vs instructors ratio is
during theoretical training
maximum 20:1 and during practical
training maximum 10:1.
Training event monitoring report.
Training session plan
3. Physical Facilities
• Adequate facilities as specified in
the training programme document
and fact sheet. • At least two clean toilets separate
for male and female with running
water and soap.
Training event monitoring report
59
• All tools and equipment have
appropriate safety measures.
Safety related information and
checklist posted at the lab/
workshop. Trainers and trainees
are instructed about health and
safety measures. First aid box
continuosly replenished, clearly
marked and accessible in the
workshop. Trainers are instructed
on how to provide first aid.
Training event monitoring report.
Training session plan.
4
Provisions for
practical training
• Ratio of theoretical and practical
classes is 20:80
Training event monitoring report.
Training session plan.
• Each trainee practices all tasks on
the respective equiment and/ or
with the tools specified in the
sector and occupation-wise quality
standards.
Training event monitoring report.
Training session plan.
• Each trainee participates in OJT,
industrial practice, exposure visits
etc. as defined in the standard
curriculum.
Training event monitoring report.
List of OJT placement, industrical practice,
exposure visits.
5
Provisions for soft
and business skills
training
• Trainees have access to training on
labour rights, HIV/ AIDS &
reproductive health, business skills
training, life skills training and
overseas orientation as per their
needs
Training event monitoring report.
Training session plan.
6 Instructional Plan
and
Implementation:
• Training is implemented in
accordance with the training
calender.
Training event monitoring report.
Training calender.
• Lesson plan is developed based on
curriculum and training calender.
Log book maintained.
Training event monitoring report
• Training follows the curriculum
standardised by CTEVT and the
respective manuals are used in the
classroom by the instructor and
trainees.
Training session plan, Training event
monitoring report
7 Provision of
placement and
counseling support:
• Placement and counselling support
in place with adequate staffing Monitoring report
60
• Experts from employers invited to
trainee selection training and skill
test. Employers provide OJT
opportunities. Graduates are
employed immediately after
training.
Monitoring report, Employment & Income
verification report
• Graduates are linked to financial
institutions for access to loan/
seed money for entreprise
development
Monitoring report, MOU between
training provider and financial
institution(s)
Output Level
SN Criteria Objectively verifiable indicator (OVI) Means of verification (MOV)
Completion rate of
training:
• Not more than 10% drop-outs
among trainees Trainee database
2 Skills testing
• At least 90% of the trainees attend
the skills test. NSTB skills test results
• At least 80% of the trainees pass
the skills test. NSTB skills test results
Outcome Level
SN Criteria Objectively verifiable indicator (OVI) Means of verification (MOV)
1 Placement rate of
graduates
• From each training event at least
60% of the graduates are
employed.
Income verification report/
Tracer study report
• Employed graduates earn at least
the specified minimum income (if
specified).
Income verification report/ Tracer study
report
2 Utilization of
acquired skills at
the workplace:
• 90% of the employed graduates
are in employment related to the
occupational training.
Income verification report/
Tracer study report
• At least 80% of the graduates and
70% of the employers are satisfied
with the skills acquired in the
training.
Tracer study report. Employers survey
61