00.0.2008 Esitelmän pitäjän nimi

Helsinki – Tallinn passenger and cargo studies

Ph.D. Ulla Tapaninen

Expert in International Logistics City of Helsinki

26.4.2012

Background •  Studies made in the project

–  Department of Geography of University of Tartu, Mobility Lab, Helsinki-Tallinn and Tallinn-Helsinki Mobility in Mobile Positioning Datasets. Statistical overview, 2012

–  Innolink, Interviews of passengers between Helsinki and Tallinn, preliminary results, 2012 –  University of Turku Centre for Maritime Studies, Cargo Traffic on Helsinki Tallinn route, 2011 –  Turu-uuringute AS, Survey of people travelling between Tallinn and Helsinki - air passengers,

2011 –  BDA Counsulting, The effect of business on the mobility between Helsinki and Tallinn, 2012

•  Other sources –  Tallinna väliskülastajate uuring 2005-2011, TNS 2012 –  Finnish Transport Agency, Statistics, 2012 –  Finnavia, Statistics, 2012 –  Finnish tourist board, Finnish Statistics, Border interview Survey, 2011 –  Finnish Customs, statistics, 2012 –  Port of Helsinki, Helsingin ja Tallinnan välisen tavaraliikenteen määräpaikkatutkimus 2005,

2006:1

2

Research questions

1.  How many people there is travelling between Tallinn and Helsinki? What are the characteristics of the trips (reason to travel, when and how often)?

2.  How much cargo there is going between Helsinki and Tallinn? What is its characteristics (mode of transport, contents, origin, destination)?

3.  What can we say about the development and challenges of the connection?

3

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

4

Passengers by sea - both directions

Source:  Finnish  Transport  Agency  2012   5

Passengers by air

Total  number  of  passengers  by  flight  between  Helsinki  and  Tallin  (both  ways)  2011:  191  026.  Passengers  by  helicopter  75  000  in  2004  before  the  accident.    

6 Source:  Tallinn  Airport,  2011;  Finnavia,  2011;      

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

7

Estonian residents to Finland

Source:  Border  interview  Survey,  Finland,  2011   8

Length of stay in Finland

Source:  University  of  Tartu,  preliminary  results  2012   9

Number of Estonians in Finland by number of days spent per year and by home location.

Travelling days to/from Finland

Source:  University  of  Tartu,  preliminary  results  2012   10

Travel frequency to Finland

Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012   11

Estonians staying overnight

Source:  Border  interview  Survey,  Finland,  2010   12

Leisure in Finland

13 Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012  

Tourist attractions in Finland

Source:  Border  interview  Survey,  Finland,  2010   14

Working in Finland

Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012   15

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

16

Finnish residents visiting Estonia

Source:  Finnish  StaPsPcs,  2010 17

Length of the stay in Estonia

Source:  University  of  Tartu,  preliminary  results  2012   18

Travelling days to/from Estonia

Source:  University  of  Tartu,  preliminary  results   19

Travel frequency to Estonia

Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012   20

Staying overnight

Source:  Tallinna väliskülastajate uuring 2005-2011, TNS 2012   21

,

Leisure in Estonia

22 Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012  

Tourist attractions in Estonia

Source:  Tallinna väliskülastajate uuring 2005-2011, TNS 2012   23

Working in Estonia

Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012   24

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

25

Transit passengers

Source:  University  of  Tartu,  preliminary  results   26

Finns          Estonians  

Air passengers

Source: Turu-uuringute AS, 2011 27

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

28

Cargo by sea

Source:  Finnish  Transport  Agency  2011,  Tallinn-­‐Helsinki   29

Units

Picture: A trailer lorry

Picture: In the background a semitrailer are being picked up

Source: Finnish Transport Agency 2011,Martina database 30

Cargo from Estonia to Finland

Excluded from the Finnish Transport Agency’s statistics: Coal, Unsawn, Oil and Oil products Excluded from Finnish Customs’ statistics: Mineral fuels, electric current, cork and wood (except sawn and planed wood)

Sources: Finnish Customs; Finnish Transport Agency (Martina database) 31

Destination of trucks (2005)

32 Source:Port of Helsinki, 2006:1

Contents

•  Passengers –  From Estonia to Finland –  From Finland to Estonia

•  Air passengers •  Cargo •  Passenger cars

33

Travelling by car

34 Source:  Innolink,  preliminary  results  2012  

Passenger cars

35 Source: Finnish Transport Agency 2011,Martina database

About transportation: •  “Tallinn-Helsinki connections are good and run like clockwork" •  " First, the production of the Estonian factory is taken to Rovaniemi, and then

transported to other destinations. In the future, once the factory is working properly, we could think about establishing a distribution centre either in Tallinn or Helsinki. "

•  "I have never left Helsinki port in less than half an hour, irrespective of travel class. Especially when you board a ship at the end of the day, you are stuck in a traffic jam."

•  "I have checked, reaching the first traffic light when leaving the ship in D-terminal takes 20 minutes. Something should be done there. Automobiles should enter traffic quicker"

Interviews of business people

Source: BDA, 2012 36

About business relations: •  "At the moment, a lot of consolidation is taking place. More and more

specialists are exchanged between different countries. Joint sales activity is also taking place."

•  " In Estonia, we do it faster, but often have to do it again because of that." •  " There are definitely going to be more and more of Estonian success stories

in Finland. The Estonian market is too small. “ •  " Tallinn and Helsinki are far from being twin cities just yet. There are very

many differences, especially in mentality. Finland is ticking on peacefully, more things are going on here. Estonia has established very good conditions for starting a business and doing something. In Finland, you need a lot of documents when starting a business, and there is nothing on the Internet. In that matter, Estonia is ahead of them and is not restricted by idiotic demands.

Interviews of business people

Source: BDA, 2012 37

" It turns out from interviews made with students that they came to study in Estonia because Tallinn is like a part of Helsinki. They see Tallinn as a logical location, where living is cheap and something takes place in the evenings. And the money is the same"

Future ?

Source: BDA, 2012 38

Summary •  There are more than 7 million people travelling between Finland and Estonia; the

number is increasing, but not radically. The number of air travelers is under 3 %. Main reason for air travel is time saving.

•  Estonians travel both for leisure (incl. visiting friends and relatives) and for work almost for equal shares. Most Estonians stay in Finland more than a day, but less than a month. Only 12% of Estonians stay in a hotel, most stay with relatives, employee's or own apartment, or it is only a day-trip.

•  Half of the Finns travel only for one day, mostly on week-ends and stay overnight in hotels. About 10% of Finns are working, less than half in meetings. Many Finns come to Estonia usually only once or twice a year.

•  The number of Estonians and Finns on business travel are approximately the same. •  About 14% of Estonians and Finns are in transit. Estonians are mainly going to the

airport and Finns in transit continue to Baltic States. •  Cargo transport has been constantly increasing; it is mainly lorries with drivers

carrying general cargo. Last 10 years the trade between Estonia and Finland is almost constant; intra-industrial trade and transit southbound are the ones increasing.

•  Estonians use very much private cars; Finns travel from harbor by feet. Passenger cars on board have been increasing tremendously.

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Conclusions

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INCREASING TRAFFIC - passengers, workers and leisure travelers

- lorries - private cars

Conflicting interests -  passengers to centre centre

-  private cars outside the centre -  lorries outside the city.