Heino Markku June 18 ENF Web

8/12/2019 Heino Markku June 18 ENF Web

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Application driven materials R&D - from deep science to real business

Dr. Markku Heino, Spinverse Ltd.

Programme Coordinator

Tekes Functional Materials Programme

Advanced materials and manufacturing

boosting solar energy and batteries


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Menu

Functional Materials Programme in short

New Technologies on

Solar energy

Advanced manufacturing

Energy storage

Spinverse

Key player in Nanotech


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Tekes Functional Materials Programme Overview

Programme includesOver 100 companies andall relevant Finnish researchorganizations

International collaboration with40 countries in the top Germany,Japan, Sweden, UK and USA

Duration: 2007-2013

Programme volume:ca. 150M EUR, of which Tekesaccounts for 70 M EUR

Project portfolio as of 01.01.201331 (56) research projects26 (80) company projects

We are developing new applications and competiveadvantage through materials technologyfor the Finnish industry

Renewing Finnish industry & creating new competences

More information:www.tekes.fi/en/materials

Materials Processing

Applications
http://www.tekes.fi/eng/materialshttp://www.tekes.fi/eng/materials


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International

cooperation

Commercialization

Environmental andlife cycle issues

Value Chains

Four corner stones

in Functional Materials Programme


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Functional Materials - Four Focus areasBased on strategy work done 2009-2010

Biomaterials for medical use

- Close to market

Material and processing solutionsleading to cost-effective mass-manufacturable intelligent structures

Responsive materials

Externally controllable materials enabling

new applicationsNovel materials for energy technologies

Materials for solar energy, batteries andsupercapacitors


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New business areas

Application driven multi-disciplinary research onmaterials and manufacturing

Research projects

Univers i ty dr iven co nsor t ia

Corporate projectsCompany d r iven - app l icat ion related

Health

& BioICT Forest &

Chemical

Metals &

EngineeringConsumerProducts

Energy &

Construction

RAM ALEBOND

NoMaLi

Nanocom

K3MatNanorata Happirahti

UVEMA2

BioFace FUNKIS

FATE-DEFEXCALD

KIVI NNNN

NN NN NN NNNN NN NN NN NNNN NN NN NN NNNN


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Creating new competences, value networksand base for business

Solar energySolar thermal collectors and systems

High-performance photovoltaics

Energy storage

Novel batteries, materials & manufacturing

Building cluster (research/business)

Printed electronics/Adv. manufacturing

Focus on piloting and new applications

Energy efficient manufacturing

Bringing Finnish R&D & high-techtowards global business

Bio-based materialsConcrete building blocks for bioeconomy

Nanocellulose industrialization & applications

Green from inside

Life-cycle thinking

Energy and material efficiency

Biomedical

Tissue regeneration, implants, drug release

Transfer from research to clinical appl.

Functional materials & coatings

Enabling novel applications & approaches

Controlled/tailorable properties


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Solar energyemerging technologiesExamples of company projects

Target-oriented / need-based R&D

Materials & manufacturing & application know-how

Coating technologies in key role

Own technology basis, solutions, IPR

Fast commercialization to industrial applications

Aiming for global value chains

Enabling energy-efficient manufacturing,

integration to building environment+ new solutions for a variety of applications


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Full-aluminium direct-flow solar-thermal absorbersCase Savosolar

SOLARCO R&D project Selective three-layer absorption coatings (MEMO)

Industrial coating process

New collector design

Aluminium based collector developed & commercialized

High optical performance

Excellent heat resistance

Product launched in Munich at theIntersolar Fair in June 2011Best Technology Award

Contact: Jari Varjotie, Savosolar

Contact: Kaj Pischow


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Nano coating technology

Functional Materials Summer Festival, 29.-30.5.

Al or Cu substrate

TiAlSiN

TiAlON

SiO2

PECVD

PVD

The Savosolar patented absorber coating MEMO, is a three layer nano-coating deposited by PVD

and PE-CVD processes. MEMO coatings can be exposed in air to several hundred degree without

any degradation of the optical and mechanical properties surpassing the limitations of the

competing products.


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Competitive Advantage

Savosolar Confidential

Cu or Al substrate

100

PVD: TiAl Si Nx

PVD: TiAlSiOxNy

PECVD: SiO2

45

60

Patented optical vacuum nano coating Top class optical properties

high efficiency

Extremely good angle modifier - over 90% absorbtance still with120 degree angle

Stability in high temperatureslonger life time

Possibility to use in CSP solutions up to 700 Co

Only company in the world able to coat completeabsorbers up to size of 18m2 (3m x 6m)

Enables the use of direct flow absorber design with highlyefficient selective optical coating

Coating capacity 1 million sqm/a

Patented coating process

Direct flow design in theabsorber -

Minimizes heat losses

Maximizes energy yield

Long life time specialaluminium alloy


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Savosolar Collectors in Office Buiding

Solar thermal with district heating15 Savosolar direct flow collectors

Simulated energy production 20 000 kWh/a

Collector annual energy yield 667 kWh/m2, efficiency 56%



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Ruukki Roof Integrated Collector



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Architecturally integrated solar-thermal collectorsCase: Aurubis Finland Oy

Nordic Solar system

Solar thermal collectors fully integrated intoprepatinated copper faade architecturedesigned as fixed parts of the faade and roof

First commercial application: Pori swimming hall

R&D Project: Diffusion & adhesion coatings

Piloting the concept

The pilot has provided 280-450 kWh/m2

per year, depending on the prepatinated

copper.Temperature provided by the collectors is

well suitable e.g. for preheating of

domestic hot water.

Contact: Petri Konttinen

http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/

Photo: Esa Kyyr
http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/http://www.aurubis.com/en/public-relations/press-releases-news/aurubis-finland-oy-innovation-provides-new-freedom-for-design/


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Final result

11.2.2013 Petri Konttinen 16

Nordic Solar thermal collectors are invisible from the outside, i.e. this part of thefaade looks the same as the rest of 1000 m2 of Aurubis Nordic Green Living faade.

Photo Esa Kyyr

Impact: Nordic Solar can be fully architecturally integrated into different copperfacades and roofs. It alloys a variety in forms, sizes and patinas, and gives architectand constructor much wider opportunities than conventional solar thermal collectors.


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Roll-to-roll ALD Coating TechnologyCompany project 1: Beneq

First industrial R2R ALD equipment WCS 500 developed/commercialized Customer: Astral lab/ Lappeenranta University of Technology (Prof. Cameron)

Available for: Application development, industrial scale trials, piloting, R&D

.........................................................................................................................

EU dimension: Now Beneq in 2 EU projects utilizing this technology & know how:

R2R CIGS http://r2r-cigs.com/

Aim: to develop cost-effective processes and technologies

for high volume production of flexible solar modules

Zn(O:S) buffer layer for CIGS & next generation R2R ALD equipment for this application

PLIANT (Process Line Implementation for Applied Surface Nanotechnologies)

Aim: spatial device for flat surfaces, atmospheric (non-vacuum)

Contact: Sampo Ahonen, Beneq ALD = Atomic Layer Deposition
http://r2r-cigs.com/http://r2r-cigs.com/http://r2r-cigs.com/http://r2r-cigs.com/


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Driving forces for the R2R ALD technologyCase Beneq

15.8.2013

Market is driven to flexible products

Life time demand needs high moisture barriers,ALD thin film is the best known barrier

Barrier production cost has to be under 2$/m2

ALD CIGS buffer layer increases efficiencyover 2% units

Flexible lightning, PV and display productsare at market already

source Sony

Source Fraunhofer ISE


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A paradigm shift

1915.8.2013 Beneq 2012

Single wafer ALD

Semiconductor

Productivity: > 1 to 10s m2/hour

CoO: 10 to 1s $/m2

Roll-to-roll ALD

Packaging, photovoltaics,lighting, flexible electronics

Productivity: >10s m2/hourCoO: 1 to 0.1s $/m2

Large-area (batch) ALD

Solar, optical, lighting, medical

6

1.2 x 1.2 m


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Thin-film inorganic moisturebarrier on polymer substrate

2015.8.2013 Beneq 2012

Requirement for water vapor transmission rate(WVTR) of 10-6g/(m2day)

source:Holst centersource SonySource Fraunhofer ISE

Flexible photovoltaics Flexible display Flexible OLED lighting

equals over over one month!


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Coating Technology for TCO GlassCompany project 2: Beneq

TCO (transparent conductive oxide) coatings for photovoltaics

Thin layer of Fluorine-doped tin oxide on glass to collect currentfrom PV cells high transparency & conductance needed

Continuos deposition method for TCO and low-e coatings on flat

glass developed based on Beneqsproprietary aerosol techniquenAERO

Co-operation with Glaston(glass handling technology)

Industrial manufacturing line

built and commercialized

October 2012

Heating

21Beneq 2012 -CONFIDENTIAL

Loading

Annealing*

Cooling

nAERO TCO coating sheet resistance 8...15 /square transmission > 83% haze < 0.5% or up to 20%

In collaboration with:

* Heat strengthening available as option

Contact: Sampo Ahonen, Beneq


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Added valuefor glass manufacturers and processors

Turnkey solution for production of TCO TCO glass for a-Si, a-Si/c-Si and CdTe cell manufacturers

Economical and efficient production

Cost savingsand optimized performance for PV manufacturers

Pyrolytic FTO hard coating with proven performance

Low cost with optimized properties

Next generation of TCO combined with new features

October 2012 Beneq 2012 - CONFIDENTIAL 22

nAEROenabling TCO production


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SiON barrier layer

Reduces reflection and suppressesinterference in reflected light

Serves as Na diffusion-blocking interlayer

TCO coating

SnO2:F (FTO)

Optimized properties

Adjustable film properties

Transmittance > 83 %

Sheet resistance 8 15 /

Haze < 0.5% or 10 20%

October 2012 Beneq 2012 - CONFIDENTIAL 23

TCO film properties

Barrier layer

SiH4, NH3, N2O

N2

TCO layer

MBTC, TFA, MeOH

N2, O2, H2O

TCO film

Front glass

Semiconductor

Back electrode

Barrier layer

Incoming light

1Total transmission including low iron glass substrate, haze compensated2Keithley 2400 General Purpose SourceMeter with Alessi CPS-05 contact probe station

Measuredproperties

Haze

Averagetransmittance400-1000 nm1

Sheetresistance

Coatingthickness

Product 1 10 % 82.2 % 8.7 (/)2 970 nm

Product 2 < 1 % 84.4 % 13 (/)2 550 nm


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nAERO coating technology benefits

nAERO vs. CVD+ nAERO is pyrolytic hard coating comparable to APCVD

+ Robust equipment, technology and process

+ High coating growth rate

(up to 200 nm/s at 600 C, APCVD < 100 nm/s)

+ High material yield (up to 30%, APCVD 10-15%)+ Lowest Cost-of-Ownership

nAERO vs. PVD

+ nAERO TCO is stable at high temperatures+ nAERO enables haze control

+ Attractive Cost-of-Ownership

+ Possible to combine with heat strengthening

Touch the Future


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Canatu 2013, Confidential and proprietary 26

Touch the Future

CompanyAalto University spin-off with 20 employees, 150

patents on new materials, manufacturing, devices, designs and pilotmanufacturing in Finland

ProductsUnique NanoBudfilms and components with excellent

optoelectronic performance for flexible and formable electronics such as

PV, Lig htin g, Disp lays andLog ic

ProcessUnique, low cost, environmentally friendly, high yield, Roll-2-Roll

Direct Dry Printingmanufacturing

StatusBuilding manufacturing and supply chain to enable the large scaleproduction targeting first volume sales in Q4 2013

FutureWorlds foremost supplier of energy and electronics products

anywhere on anything

Canatu

Contact: David Brown

Examples of Research Projects: Dos Janne Halme Aalto University
http://e/Users/David_P_Brown/Desktop/Qii%20Promo%20Video.movhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_8/CanaTouchCompilation6b(short).wmvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_8/CanaTouchCompilation6b(short).wmvhttp://e/Users/David_P_Brown/Desktop/Qii%20Promo%20Video.mov


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Robust dye-sensitized solar cells printed on metal

-

e-

--

-

+

Dye

1.5 nm

TiO210 30 nm

3I-I3-

e-

e-

Pt

TCO

TCO 0.5 1 m

Glass 2

3 mm

Glass

Electrolyte

5 20 m

5 20 m

G24i

Fraunhofer ISE

KIST

Dyesol

Examples of Research Projects: Dos. Janne Halme, Aalto University

Examples of Research Projects


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High-Efficiency Solar Cells (Solar III-V)

Development of dilute nitride

semiconductor materials for

multi-junction solar cell systems

Concentrated photovoltaics (CPV)utilizing whole solar spectrum &minimizing size to createhigh efficiency (45-50%)

More information - Project Coordinator:

Prof. Mircea Guina, Tampere University of Technology

Examples of Research Projects

Examples of research projects


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Battery Materials

NOVEL ELECTRODE FABRICATION METHODS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERY

Leader: Prof. Maarit Karppinen, Aalto University New environmentally-friendly, safe, cheap chemicals & methods for manufacturing

Optimization of LTO material for Li-ion battery application

Development of water-based printing methods for environmentally-friendly and economicmanufacturing of LTO-LFP (Li4Ti5O12-LiFePO4) batteries

TUBULAR NANOCARBONS FOR LITIUM ION BATTERY (LIB) ELECTRODESLeader: Prof Esko I. Kauppinen, Aalto University

Nanocarbons: CNT, CNB & CNFs to increase the electron conductivity at electrodes

Good results; further evaluation by partner (TOYOTA Central R&D Labs.; confidental)

Li ion partnering

with Carbon

nanobud...

Examples of research projects

Example of battery materials research


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CHOICES FOR ELECTRODE MATERIALS

Li1-xFePO4CATHODE(pos. electrode)

Olivine structure (not layered)

Safe, cheap, environmentally benign

excellent for large-scale applications

Stable, constant voltage (3.4 V),

excellent cyclability, fast to charge

Problems: low electrical conductivity,

water-related stability issues

LiFePO4 LiCoO2 Li4Ti5O12

Li4+yTi5O12ANODE(neg. electrode)

Spinel structure Li[Li1/6

Ti5/6

]2

O4

No protective SEI (solid-electrolyte interface)layer

formed/neededsafe

Stable, constant voltage (1.55 V), no volume

change, fast to charge

Problems: low electrical conductivity,

water-related stability issues

traditional

cathode

Example of battery materials research

NMP


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WATER-BASED BINDERS

in electrode manufacturing

[Presently: PVDF (polyvinyldifluoride) binder + NMP!!!(N-methylpyrrolidone) solvent]

Cheap

Non-toxic solvent

Environmentally friendly

Compatible with printing machine

Walkisprinting machine

NMP

Sachtleben: - electrode materialsSunChemical: - binder chemicalsWalki: - printing technologyEuropeanBatteries: - battery testing

Li ion battery research value chain
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/N-Methylpyrrolidone_Structural_Formulae.png


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A! Aalto UniversityDepartment of Chemistry

First litium mine in Europe

[LiAl(SiO3)2spodumen]

Li-ion battery manufacturing

Li-ion battery material research

End-user of batteries

TiO2& Li4Ti5O12

Battery chemicals

Battery recycling

Coating of electrodes

Inorganic Chemistry + Physical Chemistry

University

Consortium

Chydenius

Battery testing

Li ion battery research value chain
http://www.akkuser.fi/index_main.htmhttp://www.cargotec.fi/cms/cargocms20.nsf/Documents/9168BB8641A157FFC2256FDB003E3CC7?OpenDocument&lang=2http://www.sunchemical.com/http://www.europeanbatteries.com/


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Energy Storage - Large Format Li Ion BatteriesCase: European Batteries

Developed and commercialized novel

large format Li ion batteries

- Materials, cell technology, manufacturing

- High energy density per weight, safety & reliability- For energy, industrial & vehicle applications

LiFePO4(LFP) technology

- performance, safety, reliability

Contact: Mika Rsnen, European Batteries


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European BatteriesAdvanced Lithium Ion Batteries forIndustrial and Marine Application

Launch of the the second Full Hybrid Ferry byCMAL in UK May 23rd 2013: advantage: 25% -50% saving in energy consumption (customersannouncement)

Automated forlkifts in an automated warehousein US: advantage 22/7 365 days operation formany years without maintenance breaks(2 x 1 hour chargeing time per day).

High energy density 4X energy per weight compared to lead-acid

Lighter and smaller systems, completely new applications

Long cycle and calendar life

15X than lead-acid

5X than NiMH or 2X most Li-ion chemistries

Safe and stable

Free of the safety problems of the most Li-ion chemistries

Optimal for demanding applications

Environmentally friendly and recyclable battery technology

Vertical integration from cell manufacturing to System Integration

Main Characteristics

Customer Cases

FROM CELL TO MODULE AND FULL SYSTEM:

2,50

2,75

3,00

3,25

3,50

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

Discharge Capacity, %

0.2C

0.5C

1.0C

2.0C

3.0C

4.0C

Voltage, V

Competitice Advantages Achieved

Contact: Mika Rsnen


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Lithium-Ion Battery manufacturing value chain

Lithium-carbonatemanufacturing

Industrial grade Li2CO3

Battery grade Li2CO3

Lithium-saltsManufacturing (e.q.LiF, LIPF6, LiBF4,LiBOB)

Battery grade cathode materialmanufacturing

Industrial grade salts

C-precursorsFePO4 or other active material base

ElectrolytesManufacturing

Organic carbonates and estersas electrolyte solvents

Lithium-ioncellmanufacturing

Separators,Anode-materials,binders, binder solvents,and additivesAl- and Cu-foils,cover-materials and tabs,Auxiliary process materials

Lithium-ionpackmanufacturing

BMSTMSIOFramesPackingCablingChargersSystem integration

MINING ANDCONCENTRATIONCOMPANIES

ACTIVE BATTERY MATERIAL MANUFACTURERS(AND OTHER MATERIAL MANUFACTURERS) CELLMANUFACTURESINTEGRATORS

OTHER BATTERYMATERIAL MANUFC


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Efficient Recycling of BatteriesCase: AkkuSer Oy

AkkuSer - collecting and recycling rechargeable

batteries and accumulators from the EU since 2006.

Their Dry Process separates valuable metals from rechargeable batteries -identified by element, crushed, sorted and supplied to industry as a raw material.-> refined using chemical and other methods.

The process makes it possible to reuse more than 90 percent of batteries

www.akkuser.fi/video

Development of energy-efficient chemical processing for used alkalinebatteries

High recovery rate (will raise > 80 percent)

Cost efficient and safe method compared to smelting

In pilot phase

New company started: Recalkaline Oy, www.recalkaline.fi

Contact: Jarmo Pudas, AkkuSer (& Recalkaline)
http://www.akkuser.fi/videohttp://www.recalkaline.fi/http://www.recalkaline.fi/http://www.akkuser.fi/video


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Functional Materials ProgrammeMaking future visions reality

Kari Lehkonen, klplgraphics (http://www.kpl.fi)

See also video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfNvjySHqYk
http://www.kpl.fi/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfNvjySHqYkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfNvjySHqYkhttp://www.kpl.fi/


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Conclusions

Critical new technologies and solutions developed- Ready for use!

Combining

Application needs

Materials and nanotechnology

Energy efficient manufacturing

From research to business

Value networks recognized - Research & business

Active international cooperation &Building Finnish competence

Good results - Fast commercialization

Concrete building blocks for Sustainable Economy- already today!


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Contact information

Programme manager: Markku Lms, [email protected]

Programme coordination: Markku Heino, Spinverse [email protected]

Further information: www.tekes.fi/eng/materials

Visit our Nanotech Finland booth!
http://www.tekes.fi/eng/materialshttp://www.tekes.fi/eng/materials


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Key player in NanotechGrowth Technology New markets


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We are building the future

- together with extensive expert networks

3 * place for confidentiality clauses

150 Meur,2007-2013

140 Meur,2007-2013

79 Meur,2011-2015

60 Meur,2011-2016

Innovation programs in Nano/Cleantech areacoordinated by Spinverse


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Examples of our expert services

3

Visit Spinverse booth in the Exhibition

R&D project & program building: Spinverse has assisted in building e.g.

ENIAC JU project, Processes for MEMS by Inkjet Enhanced TechnologiesPROMINENT; Okmetic Ltd. + consortium; 9.4 Mgranted,also project coordination managed by Spinverse

Sustainable Bioenergy Solutions for Tomorrow - joint PPP programof FIBIC & CLEEN Oy: participants are small and large forest, energy,technology and consultancy companies (21) and universities /

research institutions (13), budget 16 MDemos/piloting: Spinverse coordinates the full-scale Fuel Cell demoto be built in Vuosaari Harbour, Helsinki in 2013.

Technology commercialisation: Spinverse assisting Prof. Michael Graetzelto define a commercialisation path for new solar cell technology (ERC-POC)

Go-to-new Markets: Spinverse assisting Nanotech company Beneqto enter Russian Market

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Heino Markku June 18 ENF Web

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