Health OER intro to SPHMMC Ethiopia
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Introduction to Open Educational Resources for Health Training Kathleen Ludewig Omollo International Program Manager University of Michigan Medical School Office of Enabling Tech. April 26, 2012 – St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College Slides at: http://openmi.ch/sphmmc-oer-intro 1
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Presentation by Kathleen Ludewig Omollo on April 26, 2012 to St Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa. CC BY The Regents of the University of Michigan.
Transcript of Health OER intro to SPHMMC Ethiopia
Introduction to Open Educational Resources for Health Training
Kathleen Ludewig Omollo International Program Manager
University of Michigan Medical School Office of Enabling Tech.
April 26, 2012 – St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College Slides at: http://openmi.ch/sphmmc-oer-intro
Except where otherwise noted, this work is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). Copyright 2012 The Regents of the University of Michigan.
Cover image CC:BY-SA Jessica Duensing (Flickr)1
PATH
•Copyright Trivia
•What is “Open”?
•Example: African Health Open Educational Resources (OER) Network
•How to Create Your Own OER
•Discussion: OER for Ob/Gyn at SPHMMC
Image CC:BY-NC-SA werkunz (Flickr)
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Image CC:BY Ute Hagen (Flickr)
What rights are included in copyright?
(hint: there are 5)
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Copyright holders have the exclusive right to do and to authorize others to do the following:
1. Reproduce the work in whole or in part2. Prepare derivative works, such as translations, dramatizations, and musical arrangements3. Distribute copies of the work by sale, gift, rental, or loan4. Publicly display the work 5. Publicly perform the work
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Under © it is illegal to:
•Translate works (derivative)•Copy someone else’s photo, slides, report, or other work (without permission)•Dramatize a work (performance)•Reproduce in whole or in part (without permission)•Make copies of a work (distribution)
Image CC:BY OpenCage (wikipedia) 6
What is the purpose of ©?
Image CC:BY ewiemann (Flickr)
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• 1710, Great Britain:“For the Encouragement of Learned Men to Compose and Write useful Books…” - Source: “An Act For the Encouragement of Learning” by Queen Anne
• 1788, U.S.: “To promote the progress of Science and Useful Arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries.”
• 1952, Universal Copyright Convention: “ensure respect for the rights of the individual and encourage the development of literature, the sciences and the arts.”
Image CC:BY-SA Loz Pycock (Flickr)8
Notable International Treaties Regarding Copyright: •1886: Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works•1952: Universal Copyright Convention•1988: Berne Convention Implementation Act•1995: Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
Image CC:BY tuppus (Flickr)
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Takeaway:•Goal: To advance knowledge•How: Exclusive rights on creative works for limited times
Image CC:BY-NC Cayusa (Flickr)10
“Limited times” = ?
Image CC:BY TJ Morris (Flickr)11
A. Tangible form?B. Publication?C. Copyright symbol ©? D. Registration? E. Effort? F. Creative Expression?G. Uniqueness?
Which of these is necessary to copyright a work?
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Which of these is necessary to copyright a work?
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Copyright occurs automatically at the creation of a new work, when it is fixed in tangible form.
This means that almost everything is copyrighted--not just published material but also your lecture slides, your speaker notes, your drafts, your whiteboard/blackboard drawings, your snapshots...
Image CC:BY Horia Varlan (flickr)
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What is a license?
Licenses let people know how they may use a copyrighted work.
Image CC:BY-SA lumaxart (Flickr) 15
Image CC:BY-SA Colleen Simon (Flickr)
Free
Public
Under some licenses to use, adapt, redistribute
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All Rights Reserved(default)
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Types of Open Licenses:Creative Commons is one example
Some Rights Reserved
(www.creativecommons.org)
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You let others copy, distribute, display, and perform your copyrighted work but only if they give you credit.
BY :: Attribution
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You let others copy, distribute, display, and perform your copyrighted work but for noncommercial purposes only.
NC :: Noncommercial
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You let others copy, distribute, display, and perform your copyrighted work as long as any derivative work is licensed under the same license.
SA :: Share Alike
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Adaptability means…TranslationLocalization
Bridge materialsInnovation
Collaboration
Sharing
Learning
Creativity
Public Domain
least restrictive most restrictive
All Rights Reserved
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Case Study: African Health OER Network
23Image CC:BY-NC Jon Milet Baker (Flickr)
Motivations:Challenges to Health Education in Africa
•low budget, small workforce, high disease burden•scarce, aging, and emigrating teaching staff•not enough instructors or classroom spaces•repetitive instructional responsibilities •and….
Image CC:BY Phil Roeder (Flickr) 24
large lectures & crowded clinical situations
Image CC:BY-NC University of Ghana25
When you look in textbooks it’s difficult to find African cases. The cases may be pretty similar but sometimes it can be confusing when you see something that you see on white skin so nicely and very easy to pick up, but on the dark skin it has a different manifestation that may be difficult to see.
-Richard Phillips, lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine, KNUST (Ghana) Image CC:BY-NC-SA Kwame Nkrumah
University of Science and Technology
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The mission of the African Health Open Educational Resources (OER) Network (est. 2008) is to advance health education in Africa by creating and promoting free, openly licensed teaching materials created by Africans to share knowledge, address curriculum gaps, and support health education communities. www.oerafrica.org/healthoer
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Gather Existing MaterialsAssist health professionals in finding materials that
are free, electronic, and openly licensed (i.e. expressly allow the general public to use, adapt,
copy, and redistribute)
Facilitate Discussion
Foster dialogue between health
professionals around pedagogy, policy,
peer review, and openness via onsite consultation,
discussion lists, conference calls, and newsletters
APPROACH
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Example: KNUST and UG (Ghana)ChallengeElectronic learning activities are not widespread; health instructors do not have time to learn multimedia skills.
Approach •KNUST: Multidisciplinary collaborations with the College of Art•University of Ghana (UG): Hire external multimedia specialists
Image CC:BY-NC-SA Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)
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Example: Ghana
ChallengeWould like to focus materials development on clinical exams and surgical procedures
ApproachUpdate informed consent procedures to allow for public use
Image CC:BY Alan Cleaver (Flickr) 30
Community•160 people trained in open licenses•115 authors•12 institutions
Collection•135 modules•339 materials•144 videos (906 minutes)
Image CC:BY-NC-SA HeyThereSpaceman (flickr)
Usage•8500 views/mo on website•Accessed in 190+ countries•861K views on YouTube•795 favorites on YouTube•173 comments on YouTube
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Visualization of greatest word frequency in Youtube comments – from wordle.com. http://wiki.datawithoutborders.cc/index.php?title=Project:Current_events:A2_DD 32
Remix Example
Image CC:BY-NC-SA Saide and University of Botswana
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Remix Example: From This
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Remix Example:To This
http://blogs.uct.ac.za/blog/oer-uct/2010/11/12/from-uct-opencontent-to-a-journal-article
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Remix Example:From This
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Remix Example:To This
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Image CC:BY-SA lumaxart (Flickr)
Opportunities to Collaboratehttp://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork-connect
3 communities: audio conference + email list •Partners Forum (senior leadership)•Tech (multimedia and tech support staff)•dScribe (students, ©)
Newsletter (http://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork-newsletter)
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Image CC:BY-NC-SA 10000spoons (Flickr)
How to share your own content (or help someone else share theirs)
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It's easiest to create open content from the start.
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Start now by making a small change in how you create your
own content.
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Author(s): John Doe, MD; Jane Doe, PhD, 2009
License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
We have reviewed this material in accordance with U.S. Copyright Law and have tried to maximize your ability to use, share, and adapt it.
Copyright holders of content included in this material should contact [email protected] with any questions, corrections, or clarification regarding the use of content.
For more information about how to cite these materials visit http://open.umich.edu/privacy-and-terms-use.
Any medical information in this material is intended to inform and educate and is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. Please speak to your physician if you have questions about your medical condition.
Viewer discretion is advised: Some medical content is graphic and may not be suitable for all viewers.
EXAMPLE DISCLAIMER& TITLE SLIDE
Lady Finger
Learning about Orchids
phalaenopsis CC:BY audreyjm529 (flickr) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Phalaenopsis
Lady Finger Orchid CC:BY aussiegall (flickr) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
A Phalaenopsis hybrid
Phalaenopsis hybrid CC:BY-SA Zizonus (flickr) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/
On Slide
add some extra information in the attribution: author, source (name and
link), license (name and link)
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Additional Source Information
Slide 3: Janeway. Immunobiology : The Immune System in Health and Disease. Current Biology Ltd./Garland Publishing, Inc. 1997
Slide 4: Spinach is Good” Center for Disease Control; Life Magazine. January 17, 1938; rejon, http://openclipart.org/media/files/rejon/11221
Slide 5: Goody Two Shoes - McLoughlin Bro's (New-York) 1888
Slide 6: Jot Powers, “Bounty Hunter”, Wikimedia Commons, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bounty_hunter_2.JPG, CC: BY-SA 2.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/
Example at the end of the presentation46
What if you want to make your existing work available under
an open license?
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What types of third-party (i.e. created by someone other
than you) objects might you encounter?
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What should you do with them?
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main policy concerns to publicly sharing content
:: copyright : copyright law grants limited exclusive rights to authors of creative works
:: product endorsement : avoiding the appearance of endorsing a product or organization
:: privacy : the protection of an individual’s (student, instructor, patient) privacy
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possible actions
:: retain : keep the content because it is licensed under an open license or is in the public domain
:: replace : you may want to replace content that is not openly licensed (and thus not shareable)
:: remove : you may need to remove content due to privacy, endorsement, or copyright concerns
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Discussion: OER for Ob/Gyn Residents at SPHMMC
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Content
1.Which key elements in core curricula are amenable to self-learning?
2.What are the relevant learning objectives for the OER modules used/created?
3.Where may existing OER be used wholely or adapted for the curriculum?
4.In what ways can you adapt OER from another institution to fit SPHMMC context?
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Obstetrics and Gynaecology OER from African Health OER Networkhttp://www.oerafrica.org/healthoer or http://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork
1.Caesarean Section2.Episiotomy & Repair3.Examination of the Pregnant Woman4.Procedures in Obstetrics and Gynaecology5.Sexually-Transmitted Diseases and Pelvic Infections6.Total Abdominal Hysterectomy7.University Certificate in Midwifery8.Textbook of Urogynaecology9.Surgical Repair of Vesico-Vaginal Fistulae (VVF)10.Clinical Examinations in Gynaecology Collection, including:
1. Basic Guidelines and History Taking2. General Physical Examination in Gynaecology3. Examination of the Abdomen4. Pelvic Examination
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Pediatrics OER from African Health OER Networkhttp://www.oerafrica.org/healthoer or http://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork
1.Clinical Examinations in Paediatrics Collection, including:1. General Physical Examination2. Examination of the Respiratory System3. Examination of the Cardiovascular System4. Examination of the Abdomen5. Overview of the Central Nervous System (CNS)6. CNS Examination of Smell and Sight7. CNS Examination of Facial Nerve and Hearing8. Examination of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)9. CNS Examination of the Legs10. Examination of the Musculoskeletal System11. Examination of the New Born: Part 112. Examination of the New Born: Part 213. Examination of the Ear, Nose, and Throat Systems
2.Case Scenarios In Pediatric Practices3.Gastric Lavage Procedure Animation4.South African Child Gauge 2009/2010
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Relevant Pharmacology OER from African Health OER Networkhttp://www.oerafrica.org/healthoer or http://openmi.ch/healthoernetwork
1. One Step Pregnancy Dipstick Test
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Community Healthcare Worker materials from Open University UK Health Education and Training in Africa (HEAT)http://www8.open.ac.uk/africa/heat/heat-resources
1.Adolescent and Youth Reproductive Health2.Antenatal Care3.Communicable Diseases4.Family Planning5.Health Education, Advocacy and Community Mobilisation6.Health Management, Ethics and Research7.Hygiene and Environmental Health8.Immunization9.Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illness10.Labour and Delivery Care11.Non-Communicable Diseases, Emergency Care and Mental Health12.Nutrition13.Postnatal Care
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M1 Endrochrinology and Reproduction from University of Michigan Medical Schoolhttp://open.umich.edu/education/med/m1/endo-repro/winter2008/
1.Syllabus2.01.26.09: Histology of the Endocrine System3.01.28.09(a): Nutrition Assessment4.01.28.09(b): Histology of the Male Reproductive System
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M2 Reproduction from University of Michigan Medical Schoolhttp://open.umich.edu/education/med/m2/repro/2010
1.Breast Lab2.Gestational Lab3.Ovary Testes Lab4.Uterine Lab5.03.15.11: Your Patient Has Breast Cancer Until You Prove She Doesn’t6.03.16.09: Clinical Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle7.03.18.09: Clinical Aspects of Gynecologic Diseases8.03.19.09: Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Testis and Scrotum9.Ob/Gyn Learning Resources from the African Health OER Network10.Surgical Excision of a Multi-Lobular, Recurrent, Bartholin Duct Cyst11.Daily Schedule: M2 Reproduction12.03.18.09(a): Gynecologic Diseases13.03.18.09(b): Abortion14.03.18.09(c): Ovary Pathology15.03.19.09(a): Testicular Disease16.03.19.09(b): Testicular Pathology17.03.20.09: Androgens
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Policy
1.Who owns the copyright to the materials intended to be shared as OER - the faculty or the institution?
2.Under which Creative Commons license will the OER be shared?
3.How will you ensure the quality of the OER?
4.If you intend to include record video or audio for a demonstration (e.g. surgical procedure), how will you obtain permission from patients or students being recorded? http://open.umich.edu/education/med/oernetwork/guides/ethical-consent-guide/2010
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Professional Development
1.Are teaching staff familiar with multimedia and instructional design principles? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fGBoacMRxE
2.Do teaching staff know where to find OER and other open content to adapt for their own OER? http://open.umich.edu/share/use
3.Who will be responsible for assisting and training faculty with technology and instructional design for OER? (e.g. existing technology or library staff)
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Technological Infrastructure
1.What is the desired format of the OER (e.g. text-based, narrated lectures, video)?
2.How will you use to distribute the OER (e.g. media types, file formats, soft copy or hard copy)?
3.What are the technological factors affecting OER production and dissemination? (e.g. student and faculty access to & attitudes toward technology, classroom environment, network instrastructure, technology support staff)
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Concluding Remarks
OER and content development are not an end but one facet of an approach to enhancing instruction.
•Collection of 19 video interviews in Ghana about OER: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLF4EC45F2B54D6112
•Open Health at UMMS Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGtevQ9xCkI
Image CC:BY Willi Heidelbach (Flickr)
This presentation builds upon slides from other Open.Michigan team members, including:Emily Puckett Rodgers, Pieter Kleymeer, Garin Fons, Greg Grossmeier, Susan Topol, Dave Malicke, Ted Hanss, and Erik Hofer
Image CC:BY Karrie Nodalo (flickr)
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