GWP on the Ground: IWRM promotion & implementation in Myanmar

Presented by Prof. Dr. Khin Ni Ni Thein, GWP SC Member Secretary, Expert Group of NWRC andMember, National Water Resources Committee (NWRC), Myanmar

GWP Strategy Launch

@

The World Water Day 2014 Celebration

United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan

21 Mar 2014

Figure 2. Map showing river basin of Myanmar

Map showing river basin of Myanmar

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

Potential Water Resources in Myanmar

River Basin

NumberName of the River Basin

Drainagearea

(1000 * km2)

Surface water(km3)

Ground water(km3)

I Chindwin 115.3 141.293 57.578

II Upper Ayeyarwady 193.3 227.920 92.599

III Lower Ayeyarwady 95.6 85.800 153.249

IV Sittoung 48.1 81.148 28.402

V Rakhine State 58.3 139.245 41.774

VI Taninthari Division 40.6 130.927 39.278

VII Thanlwin 158.0 257.918 74.779

VIII Mekong 28.6 17.634 7.054

Total 737.8 1081.885 494.713

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

Water sector profile in MyanmarMyanmar became permanent member of ICID since 1982 and MCID was

established in 2001.Myanmar water vision was developed in 2003Established IHP (International Hydrology Program) in 2003.Strategic Planning and Management (SPM) of IWRM in Myanmar was also

formulated in 2004.National Water Resources Committee (NWRC) was formed in 2013 as a

apex body for water sector.Forming Myanmar Commission on Large Dam (MmCOLD) is under goingMyanmar Water Partnership (MmWP) is at present in interim stage and

joined GWP-SEA Region since 1999. Focal Department is ID,MOAI and comprises 17 water related departments as country Water Partnership.

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

Present water use situation

The total utilization of nation’s water at present is about 56 km³ and that is only 5% of total potential.

91%

6% 3%

Agricultural Sector

Domestic Water Use

Industrial Use

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

Electrification Ratio in Myanmar

Population 59.78 million Number of Households 8.92 million Electrified Households 2.575 million Electrified Percentage 28.86 %

(Source, 2nd Myanmar Power Summit, MOEP)

For the worldwide

People without access to safe drinking water 783 million

People without access to sanitation 2.5 billion

Source, WHO/UNICEF, 2012

People still lack access to electricity over 1.3 billion

(most of them in Africa and East-Asia)

Source, IEA

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

The present status of power generation in Myanmar

Installed Capacity in Year 2013

Grid System Isolated Total % MW MW MW

Hydroelectric 2780 33 2813 70.13

Gas 996 - 996 24.83

Coal 120 - 120 2.99

Diesel - 78 78 1.93

Biomass - 5 5 0.12

Total 3896 116 4012 100.00

Remark- 521 MW export to China

Source, 2nd Myanmar Power Summit , MOEP

National Energy Program in Myanmar2001-20312006 3186 MW2011 8620 MW2016 11154 MW2021 12076 MW2026 17202 MW2031 23324 MW

Hydropower potential in Myanmar is estimated as 46099 MW

Source: U Win Kyaw, WWD 2014, Myanmar, 19 Mar 2014)

Japanese Professors visited Myanmar to apply PUB in Ayeyarwady River Basin

PUB = Prediction of Ungagged Basins 2006

South-East Asian Regional TOT on River Basin Management

Yangon, 2010

Ayeyarwady River Basin Research Organization ARBRO was established in 2012

&

became a member of NARBO in the same year.

About ARBROIntegrated Water Resources Management

(IWRM) is recognized by many as the paradigm for establishing good water governance and putting water resources on the recovery path.

The Ayeyarwaddy River Basin Research Organizations (ARBRO) was established in mid 2012 to share knowledge and build capacity for IWRM in Ayeyarwaddy River Basin and other three major basins in Myanmar.

4 Major River Basins in Myanmar are: Ayeyarwaddy, Chindwin, Sittaung and Thanlwin.

Key Dimensions1) Household Water Security

2) Economic Water Security

3) Urban Water Security

4) Environmental Water Security

5) Resilience to Water-Related Disasters

6) Planning for Irrawaddy River Basin

Rehabilitation

Physical characteristicsThe Irrawaddy River flows through the

heartlands of Myanmar.

The river’s basin is 413,674 square kilometers.

It covers a remarkable 61% of Burma’s total area.

Approximately 2,170 kilometers long.

It is the most important commercial waterway of the country.

TheThe Water & Energy Nexus Water is life system – vital to peoples, nature, ecosystem,

economy and sustainable development.

Water is a finite resource - we should appropriately use and protect - mismanagement and lack of appropriate measure for sustainable utilization will ultimately result to major

crisis, such as water-related civil war!

Water is a building block for the Green Economy! Investments in safe drinking water and sanitation are a

path to economic growth. For each $1 invested, the World Health Organization

estimates returns of $3-$34, depending on the region and technology.

Industrial zones could not function without Water and Energy

Water in other forms are Food and Energy!

W

Water Mothers in Myanmar

• Water Mothers play an important role in capacity building on water, environment and community participation

• Working with International Partners: Women for Water Partnership and Soroptimist International as its anchors in UN-ECOSOC

• Actively contributing at all levels: local, national regional and international

• It is growing everyday: voluntary participation of women from all walks of life

Involve in water resources development and management

RAINWATER HARVESTING NATIONAL CAMPAIGN

National Water Resources Committee was established by the Presidential Decree on 25 July 2013

Expert Group was also established in order to support the NWRC

Myanmar National Water Policy has been published recently

National water frame work directive has been drafted and in the process of finalizing the water law

Water quality standards will be issued within three months

National IWRM strategy drafting is also ongoing supported by the Dutch Government

Important Developments in Myanmar

The Weather NexusFood, water, energy,

and health form a nexus of interrelated factors.

Food supply and creeping demand close to each other.

A crisis will hit in a weather nexus when several major crop regions have a down year at once.

Important Developments in Myanmar (Contd.)

Myanmar’s new national development policy is Green Economy and Green Growth

Government of Myanmar promotes and encourage to apply the Integrated Water Resources Management approach in Myanmar

Hydroinformatics Center has been established to help establish decision support systems with peoples participation and efficiency

We have celebrated the World Water Day 2014 on “19 Mar 2014” at the Myanmar Engineering Society, Yangon - the first ever multi-stakeholders event led by the National Water Resources Committee and the Government Ministries cooperated by NGOs, Universities and Private Sector. Financial support came from the Ministry of Transport and the Local and International Water Companies.

Suggested Flagship Initiatives for GWP in SEA and Myanmar

Climate Change Adaptation

& Sustainable Groundwater Management

Thank you for your time and attention