GROUNDWATER. Water table Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air Zone of saturation- pore...
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Transcript of GROUNDWATER. Water table Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air Zone of saturation- pore...
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GROUNDWATER
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Water table
• Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air
• Zone of saturation- pore spaces filled with water
• Dividing line is called the water table
Zone of aeration
Zone of saturation
Water table
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Groundwater affects surface water
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Groundwater entering surface water
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Permeability
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permeability
• http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module06/Permeability.htm
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Groundwater speed
• http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module04/GroundwaterSpeed.htm
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AQUIFERS
• Ogallala Aquifer! • Saturated layer (below water table)
• Need interconnected pores (High permeability)
• Ogallala aquifer-”fastest disappearing aquifer in the world”
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WELLS
• Need permeable layer• Under water table
http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module06/WellDrilling.htm
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PUMPING WELLS
• Creates cone of depression
• Lowers water table
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Formation of a cone of depression in the water
table
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Water stealing
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subsidence
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Artesian wells
• Flow to the surface naturally
• Under pressure• “sandwiched between
two impermeable layers
• Well must be below intake
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Wikipedia’s version of artesian- is this correct?
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GROUNDWATER POLLUTION
• SOURCES– Septic tanks– Landfills– Fertilizers/pesticides– Underground storage tanks (gas stations)
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Septic tanks
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landfills
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Natural contaminates
• Calcium, magnesium creates “hard water’
• Will not suds up• Creates white film in
hot water pipes• Irons creates bad
taste
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Hot springs and geysers
• Groundwater heated by magma reaches the surface
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Steamboat, CO
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OLD FAITHFUL
• With an error of 10 minutes, Old Faithful will erupt 65 minutes after an eruption lasting less than 2.5 minutes or 91 minutes after an eruption lasting more than 2.5 minutes.
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• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072402466/student_view0/chapter11/animations_and_movies.html#
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