A. Present Tense Simple Afirmativ Negativ I work I do not (dont) work You work You do not (dont) work He/she/it works He/she/it does not (doesnt) work We work We do not (dont) work You work You do not (dont) work They work They do not (dont) work Interogativ Do I work? Do we work? Do you work? Do you work? Does he/she/it work? Do they work? Present Tense Simple se foloseste pentru a arata o actiune regulata, obisnuita, in perioada prezenta. Ex. What do you do? (Cu ce te ocupi?) I am a student. What time do you usually have breakfast? Present Tense Continuous Se conjuga verbul to be" la timpul prezent si se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I am working We are working. You are working You are working He/she/it is working They are working Negativ I am not working. You are not (arent) working. He/she/it is not (isnt) working. We are not (arent) working. You are not (arent) working. They are not (arent) working. Interogativ Am I working? Are we working? Are you working? Are you working? Is he/she/it working? Are they working? Present Tense Simple se foloseste pentru a arata o actiune in plina desfasurare in momentul prezent. Ex. Where are you going? I am going to school. De asemenea poate arata o actiune care se desfasoara pe timp limitat in perioada prezenta. Ex.: I go to school by bus this week. My father is taking me in his car. Uneori se poate folosi timpul Present Tense Continuous cu adverbul always, pentru a arata o actiune repetata. In acest caz, exista o conotatie afectiva (nemultumire) sau actiunea respectiva este caracteristica pentru acea persoana. Ex. You are always losing your things. You are always grumbling when I ask you to help me in the kitchen. B. Past Tense Simple Past Tense Simple se formeaza prin adaugarea terminatiei ed in cazul verbelor regulate. Ex. to work worked Daca verbul este neregulat, Past Tense trebuie invatat din tabelul de verbe neregulate care indica cele trei forme de baza ale verbului: forma I infinitiv, forma II- Paste Tense, forma III participiul trecut. Ex. to speak spoke spoken Afirmativworked I/you/he/she/it/we/they spoke

Negativ work I/you/he/she/it/we/they did not speak Interogativ work? Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they speak? Forma prescurtata a lui did not este didnt (I didnt work). Past Tense Simple arata o actiune trecuta, terminata, efectuata intr-o perioada de timp trecuta, terminata. Este timpul de naratiune. Se traduce, de obicei, cu perfectul compus. Ex. Yesterday I went for a walk. (Ieri am mers al plimbare.) Last year I travelled to England. (Anul trecut am calatorit in Anglia.) Past Tense Continuous Se formeaza prin conjugarea verbului to be" la trecut (Past Tense) si adaugarea formei -ing a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I was working We were working You were working You were working He/she/it was working They were working Negativ I was not working We were not working You were not working You were not working He/she/it was not working They were not working Formele prescurtate sunt: was not wasnt I wasnt working. were not werent They werent working. Interogativ Was I working? Were we working? Were you working? Were you working? Was he/she/it working? Were they working? Arata o actiune in plina desfasurare intr-un moment din trecut. Se traduce, de obicei, cu imperfectul. Ex. This time yesterday, I was watching TV. (Ieri pe vremea asta priveam la televizor.) Adesea, in aceeasi fraza, este posibil sa apara un verb folosit la Past Continuous si un verb folosit la Past Simple. In acest caz, verbul la Past Continuous (tradus cu imperfectul), reprezinta fundalul de timp pe care se petrece actiunea exprimata de Past Simple (tradus cu perfectul compus). Ex. While I was crossing the street, I met John. Este, de asemenea, posibil sa apara intr-o fraza timpul Past Continuous in mod repetat. In aceasta situatie, ambele verbe se traduc cu imperfectul, ele aratnd actiuni paralele, in plina desfasurare, intr-un moment trecut. Ex. While John was reading, his sister was watching TV. (In timp ce John citea, sora lui privea la televizor.) C. Present Perfect Simple Timpul Present Perfect Simple se formeaza prin conjugarea verbului to have" la prezent, la care se adauga forma a treia (participiul trecut) a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I have worked We have worked You have worked You have worked He/she/it has worked They have worked Negativ I have not (havent) worked. He/she/it has not (hasnt) worked. Interogativ Have I worked? Has he/she/it worked? Timpul Present Perfect este un timp de relatie. El arata o legatura intre trecut si momentul prezent. Timpul Present Perfect Simple se foloseste in urmatoarele situatii: arata o actiune inceputa in trecut care continua pna in prezent. Cu acest sens se folosesc de obicei prepozitiile since (din, incepnd din) si for (de, timp de). Ex. I havent seen John for two months. (Nu l-am vazut pe John de doua luni.) I havent seen John since September. (Nu l-am vazut pe John din septembrie.) I have known John for two years. (Il cunosc pe John de doi ani.) I have known John since 1990. (Il cunosc pe John din 1990.) arata o actiune trecuta, efectuata intr-o perioada de timp neterminata. In acest caz, folosirea lui este insotita de adverbe precum: today, this week, this month, this year. Ex. I have seen two films this week. (Am vazut doua filme saptamna aceasta.) Daca adverbul de timp este this morning", folosirea timpului verbal este conditionata de momentul in care se face afirmatia; daca aceasta este in cursul diminetii (pna la ora 12) sau dupa amiaza. Ex. ora 10 a.m. I havent got up early this morning. ora 2 p.m. I didnt get up early this morning. Traducerea celor doua propozitii in limba romna este identica. Nu m-am sculat devreme azi dimineata. arata o actiune trecuta, terminata, care are rezultate in prezent sau care, dintr-un motiv sau altul, intereseaza in prezent. Ex. Have you seen Hamlet? (Ai vazut Hamlet?) I have lost my umbrella . I must buy a new one. (Mi-am pierdut umbrela. Trebuie sa-mi cumpar una noua.) Trebuie precizat faptul ca, daca se mentioneaza momentul trecut in care a avut loc actiunea care intereseaza in prezent sau care are rezultate in prezent, nu mai poate fi folosit timpul Present Perfect. In acest caz, se foloseste Past Simple. Ex. I lost my umbrella yesterday. I must buy a new one. De asemenea, daca se pune o intrebate referitoare la trecut care incepe cu when", nu se poate folosi timpul Present Perfect, intruct when" reprezinta un moment precizat in trecut. Ex. When did you see Hamlet? I saw it last week. Timpul Present Perfect nu poate fi folosit cu un adverb de timp precizat in trecut. Se foloseste cu adverbe de timp neprecizat care leaga trecutul de prezent. Adverbe de timp neprecizat care se aseaza intre auxiliar si verb: often, never, seldom, always, ever, already, just. Ex. Have you ever been to England? (Ai fost vreodata in Anglia?) No, I have never been to England. Yes, I have often been to England. Adverbe de timp neprecizat care stau la sfrsitul propozitiei: lately, yet (in propozitii negative). Ex. He hasnt returned home yet. (El nu s-a intors inca acasa.) I havent seen him lately. (Nu l-am vazut in ultimul timp.) Dupa cum se poate observa, timpul Present Perfect Simple se traduce in romneste fie cu prezentul, fie cu perfectul compus, in functie de context. Present Perfect Continuous Se formeaza cu Present Perfect Simple al verbului to be", la care se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I have been working We have been working You have been working You have been working He/she/it has been working They have been working Negativ I have not (havent) been working. He has not (hasnt) been working. Interogativ Have I been working? Has he been working? Timpul Present Perfect Continuous arata o actiune in plina desfasurare, cu accent pe durata, intre un moment trecut si prezent. Ex. I am tired because I have been working all day. (Sunt obosit pentru ca am muncit toata ziua.) De asemene, poate arata probabilitatea ca actiunea inceputa in trecut, care continua in prezent, sa continue si in viitor. Ex. It has been raining for three hours. If it doesnt stop soon, we shall have floods. (Ploua de trei ore. Daca nu se opreste in curnd, vom avea inundatii.) Ca si Present Perfect Simple, se poate traduce cu prezentul sau cu perfectul compus din limba romD. Past Perfect SimpleSe formeaza cu verbul to have" la Past Tense Simple, la care se adauga forma III (past participle) a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I had worked. Negativ I had not (hadnt) worked. Interogativ Had I worked? Acest timp are aceeasi forma la toate persoanele. Este, ca si Present Perfect, un verb de relatie, dar, in acest caz, este vorba de o relatie intre doua momente trecute. Arata o actiune trecuta care a avut loc inaintea unei alte actiuni sau a unui moment din trecut. Ex. Yesterday at 9 oclock I had had breakfast. (Ieri la ora 9 luasem micul dejun.) When you rang me up, I had finished writing my homework. (Cnd mi-ai telefonat, terminasem de scris temele.) Ca sens, echivalentul in limba romna al acestui timp este mai mult ca perfectul. Se poate traduce cu mai mult ca perfectul sau perfectul compus. Past Perfect Continuous Se formeaza cu Past Perfect Simple al verbului to be", la care se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I had been working. Negativ I had not (hadnt) been working. Interogativ Had I been working? Aceste forme se pastreaza la toate persoanele. Timpul Past Perfect Continuous arata o actiune in plina desfasurare intre doua momente trecute. De asemenea, cnd in aceeasi fraza in propozitia principala se afla un verb la Past Tense, Past Perfect Continuous poate prelua functiile lui Present Perfect Cotinuous in propozitia secundara. Ex. When he entered the room, she had been typing for one hour. (Cnd el a intrat in camera, ea batea la masina de o ora.) After John had been watching TV for 10 minutes, he got bored. (Dupa ce John privise (a privit) la televizor 10 minute, s-a plictisit.) He said it had been raining for three days. (El a spus ca ploua de trei zile.) Dupa cum se observa, acest timp se poate traduce cu mai mult ca perfectul, perfectul compus sau imperfectul din limba romna. na. E. Future Tense Simple Se formeaza cu shall sau will la persoana I, will la persoana II si III, la care se adauga infinitivul verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I (shall) will go We (shall) will go You will go You will go He/she/it will go They will go Negativ I (shall) will not go We (shall) will not go You will not go You will not go He/she/it will not go They will not go Forma scurta pentru shall not" este shant, iar pentru will not" este wont. Interogativ Shall I go? Shall we go? Will you go? Will you go? Will he/she/it/ go? Will they go? Trebuie remarcat faptul ca la interogativ persoana I, se foloseste numai shall". Acest timp arata o actiune viitoare obisnuita. Se traduce cu viitorul din limba romna. Ex. I (shall) will meet him next week. (Il voi intlni saptamna viitoare.) Future Continuous Se formeaza cu viitorul simplu al verbului to be", la care se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I (shall) will be going. You will be going. He/she/it will be going. We (shall) will be going. You will be going. They will be going. Negativ I (shall) will not be going. You will not be going. He/she/it will not be going. We (shall) will not be going. You will not be going. They will not be going. Interogativ Shall I be going? Shall we be going? Will you be going? Will you be going? Will he/she/it be going? Will they be going? Acest timp arata o actiune in plina desfasurare intr-un moment viitor. Ex. At three oclock, I will be travelling to England. (Mine la ora trei voi calatori spre Anglia.) Se traduce cu viitorul din limba romna. Future Perfect Simple Se formeaza cu shall sau will, la care se adauga infinitivul trecut al verbului de conjugat. (have + forma III). Afirmativ I (shall) will have gone. You will have gone. He/she/it will have gone. We (shall) will have gone. You will have gone. They will have gone. Negativ I (shall) will not have gone. You will not have gone. He/she/it will not have gone. We (shall) will not have gone. You will not have gone. They will not have gone. Interogativ Shall I have gone? Shall we have gone? Will you have gone? Will you have gone? Will he/she/it have gone? Will they have gone? Acest timp arata o actiune anterioara unei alte actiuni sau unui moment viitor. Se traduce cu timpul viitor anterior din limba romna. Ex. By three oclock tomorrow, I will have reached Predeal. (Mine pna la ora trei voi fi ajuns la Predeal.) Future Perfect Continuous Se formeaza cu Future Perfect al verbului to be", la care se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. Ex. I (shall) will have been going. When you come home, I will have been studying for three hours. Cnd vei veni tu acasa, voi studia (voi fi studiat) de trei ore. Arata o actiune in plina desfasurare intre doua momente viitoare. Se traduce cu viitorul simplu sau cu viitorul anterior din limba romna. Este un timp rar folosit. Future-in-the-Past Simple Se formeaza cu should (persoana I) sau would (toate persoanele), la care se adauga infinitivul verbului de conjugat. Afirmativ I (should) would go We (should) would go You would go You would go He/she/it would go They would go Negativ I (should) would not go We (should) would not go You would not go You would not go He/she/it would not go They would not go Forma scurta de la should not" este shouldnt, iar cea de la would not" este wouldnt. Acest timp este folosit in concordanta timpurilor pentru a arata o actiune posterioara unui moment sau unei actiuni din trecut. Ex. He said he would be late. (El a spus ca va intrzia.) Intruct nu poate fi intlnit dect in propozitii secundare (dupa un verb la timpul trecut in propozitia principala), nu se pune problema folosirii lui a interogativ dect in intrebari disjunctive. Future-in-the-Past Continuous Se formeaza cu Future-in-the-Past Simple al verbului to be", la care se adauga forma -ing a verbului de conjugat. I should (would) be going. Este un timp sestul de rar folosit. Preia functiile lui Future Tense Continuous intr-o propozitie secundara, atunci cnd in principala se afla un verb la trecut. Ex. He said that at 3 oclock, the next day, he would be travelling to England. (El a spus ca in ziua urmatoare, la ora 3, va calatori spre Anglia.) Alte mijloace de exprimare a viitorului Present Simple + adverb de timp viitor. Intr-un astfel de context, arata un program precis, bine stabilit. Ex. I leave for London tomorrow. (Plec/voi pleca la Londra mine.) Present Continuous + adverb de timp viitor. Arata o intentie, un aranjament prealabil pentru viitorul apropiat. Ex. I am meeting John this morning. (Il intlnesc/il voi intlni pe John in dimineata aceasta.) Expresia to be going to" + infinitiv. Arata de asemenea o intentie sau o probabilitate. Ex. I am going to read this book. (Voi citi/am de gnd sa citesc aceasta carte.) It is going to rain.

1.1. I work - Present Tense - Timpul Present

Verbul exprima o actiune prezenta nelimitata in timp.

Situatii in care prezentul limbii romane este echivalent cu present tense din engleza

O actiune prezenta in derulare (mereu, cateodata sau niciodata) What do you do? I work at a bank.Cu ce te ocupi? Lucrez la o banca

She never works so lateEa niciodata nu lucreaza atat de tarziu

Un adevar absolut, chiar daca se desfasoara si in clipa asta (vezi prezentul continuu, timpul urmator) The earth spins around the sun.Pamantul se invarteste in jurul soarelui.

Se poate folosi pe post de viitor The store closes at 9:00pmMagazinul se inchide la 9:00pm.

Viitorul limbii romana se traduce cu Prezent Tense in limba engleza dupa: after, before, when, as soon as, while etc daca exprima o actiune viitoareSomeday when I am big and strong.Candva, cand voi fi mare si puternic

Situatii in care prezentul limbii romane NU este echivalent cu present tense din limba engleza

Atunci cand verbul descrie o actiunea care se desfasoara acum (in clipa dialogului) - atunci se foloseste prezentul continuu. I am working in the gardenLucrez in gradina

Folosind verbul in engleza la prezentul continuu indica faptul ca te referi la clipa asta.I work in the garden - inseamna ca asta e ocupatia ta. De exemplu ca esti gradinar.

1.2. I am working - Present Continuous - Prezent Continuu

Verbul arata o actiune in derulare in prezent care se petrece simultan cu o alta actiune. Este legat de actiuni concrete.

Situatii in care timpul prezent al limbii romane este echivalent cu present continuous din engleza

Verbul reprezinta o actiune ce se petrece in clipa asta (simultana cu momentul in care vorbesc) I am working on my new book.Lucrez la noua mea carte.

Verbul descrie o actiune generala dar simultana cu o alta actiune By the time the alarm goes off I am already working.Cand suna ceasul eu deja lucrez (am inceput lucrul)

Situatii in care prezentul limbii romane NU este echivalent cu Present Continuous din engleza

Vezi cazurile timpului prezent 1.1. I work

1.3. I have worked - Present Perfect - Prezent Perfect

Verbul reprezinta o actiune inceputa anterioara unui moment dat prezentSituatii in care Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana este echivalent cu Present Perfect al limbii engleze

Daca actiunea a inceput inaintea momentului prezent si e inca in desfasurare sau daca efectul ei se vede in prezentI have worked all my adult life.Am muncit toata viata mea adulta (si inca mai lucrez).

Sau daca e insotit de un adverb (mereu, cateodata, niciodata etc) adica:I have never worked so late before.Niciodata nu am mai lucrat atat de tarziu (pana acum).

Atentie: Fata de 1.1. exista urmatoarea diferenta: I never work so late. inseamna: Nu lucrez atat de tarziu (ca si in romana) adica refuzi ideea pentru ca nu lucrezi niciodata atat de tarziu, pe cand I never have worked so late before inseamna ca desi nu ai mai lucrat atat de tarziu, acum lucrezi (atat de tarziu). Situatii in care Perfectul Compus al limbii romana NU este echivalent cu Present Perfect din limba engleza1. Cand se foloseste Present Perfect Continuous 1.4 I have been working2. Cand se foloseste Past Tense 1.5 I worked

1.4. I have been working - Present Perfect Continuous - Prezent Perfect Continuu

O actiune care s-a desfasurat pana acum, si va continua probabil si in viitor.Situatii in care Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana este echivalent cu Present Perfect Continuous din limba engleza

Verbul reprezinta o actiune inceputa in trecut, continuata in prezent, si care poate continua si in viitorI have been working on the railroadAll live long dayI've been working on the railroadJust to while my time away.Am muncit la calea ferataCat e ziua de lungaAm muncit la calea ferataCa sa mai treaca timpul

E un binecunoscut cantec englezesc. Am muncit la calea ferata toata ziua si o voi face probabil si in viitor.Situatii in care Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana NU este echivalent cu Present Perfect Continuous din englezaVezi cazurile timpului Present Perfect 1.3. I have workedVezi cazurile timpului Past Tense 1.5. I worked

1.5. I worked - Past Tense - Timpul Trecut

Past Tense reprezinta actiunea care s-a desfasurat in trecut si s-a terminat.Situatii in care Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana este echivalent cu Past Tense din englezaverbul reprezinta actiune trecuta ce nu a fost intrerupta, nu e concomitenta cu alta actiune, nu se continua in prezent folositi Past Tense.I worked till my hands hurtAm muncit pana ma dureau palmele.

Asta e usor de inteles, Am muncit dar acum m-am oprit.De asemeni acest timp se foloseste foarte mult in povestiri (de exemplu vezi poeziile de la Literatura)Situatii in care Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana NU este echivalent cu Past Tense din englezaVezi cazurile timpului Present Perfect 1.3. I have workedVezi cazurile timpului Present Perfect Continuous 1.5. I have been workingExista situatii in care Past Tense din limba engleza nu se traduce prin Perfectul Compus (am muncit) din limba romana. Ca exemplu vedeti binecunoscutul cantec pentru copii de mai jos.All around the cobbler's benchThe monkey chased the weaselThe monkey thought it was all in funPop! goes the weaselIn jurul mesei cizmaruluiMaimuta fugarea nevastuicaMaimuta credea ca se joacaBum! face nevastuica

Dupa cum vedeti verbul to chase cu past tense chased (e verb regulat la fel ca to work) se traduce prin fugarea (Imperfect) sau fugari (considerat timpul folosit in povestiri in romaneste) iar thought(Past Tense de la to think) se traduce tot prin Imperfect.Atentie: Daca aveti indoieli ce timp trecut al verbului sa folositi in propozitii alegeti acest timp - Past Tense. Va fi mai putin deranjanta greseala.

1.6. I was working - Past Continuous - Trecut Continuu

Past Continuous se refera la un eveniment in derulare la un moment in trecut care se petrece simultan cu un alt eveniment.Situatii in care Imperfectul (munceam) limbii romane este echivalent cu Past Continuous din limba engleza

Verbul exprima o actiune in trecut care a fost intrerupta de altceva (ca si "munceam" pe romaneste)I was working when the meteorite fell/the phone rang/you showed up.Munceam cand meteoritul a cazut/a sunat telefonul/ai aparut tu.

I was walking in the park one dayIn the merry, merry month of MayI was taken by surpriseBy a pair of pearly eyesIn the merry, merry month of MayMa plimbam in parc intr-o ziIn vesela, vesela luna MaiAm fost luat prin surprindereDe niste ochi perlatiIn vesela, vesela luna Mai

Atentie:in cantecul de mai sus "was walking" este past continuous dar "was taken" nu este past continuous. I was taken inseamna "am fost luat". Daca vrei sa exprimi verbul la past continuous zici 'I was taking'. Situatii in care Imperfectul (munceam) din limba romana NU este echivalent cu Past Continuous din engleza

Verbul exprima o actiune inceputa anterioara unui moment dat sau anterioara unei alte actiuni tot in trecut - atunci se foloseste Past PerfectI had worked as a goldminer for a long time when I finally struck it rich.Lucram de mult timp ca miner de aur cand in sfarsit am dat de bogatii.

1.7. I had worked - Past Perfect - Trecut Perfect

Verbul reprezinta o actiune inceputa anterioara unui moment trecut sau anterioara unei actiuni trecute.Situatii in care mai mult ca perfectul (muncisem, lucrasem) din limba romana este echivalent cu Past Perfect din englezaVerbul este o actiune ce s-a terminat in trecut fata de momentul/actiunea tot trecuta la care se raporteazaEmily said she had worked in her garden that morning. Emily a spus (trecut) ca lucrase in gradina (si mai vechi) in dimineata aceea

Atentie:La fel ca in romaneste aceste timpuri nu sunt batute in cuie.Emily a spus ca a lucrat in gradina in dimineata aceeaEmily a spus ca lucra in gradina in dimineata aceeaEmily a spus ca lucrase in gradina in dimineata aceeaToate aceste forme sunt des folosite iar folosirea lor depinde (oarecum) de context.

Traducerea acestor propozitii:Emily said she worked in the garden that morningEmily said she was working in the garden that morning, respectivEmily said she had worked in the garden that morning, plusEmily said she had been working in the garden that morningse folosesc in limbajul curent depinzand si ele (oarecum) de context

1.8. I had been working - Past Perfect Continuous - Trecut Perfect Continuu

Verbul reprezinta o actiune in curs pana la un moment dat trecut cand a fost oprit de o alta actiune a carui urmari continua si azi.Situatii in care imperfectul (munceam, lucram) limbii romane este echivalent cu Past Perfect Continuous din englezaVerbul exprima o actiune trecuta, ce se afla inca in desfasurare, in momentul cand s-a produs o alta actiune tot din trecut.They had been working on the new house before the fire destroyed it(Ei)lucrau la casa cea noua inainte sa fie distrusa de foc

He had been working slowly before hearing of the new deadline.(El)muncea incet inainte sa afle de noul termen limita.

Situatii in care mai mult ca perfectul (muncisem, lucrasem) limbii romane este echivalent cu Past Perfect Continuous din englezaThey had been working on the new house for many months before the fire destroyed it(Ei)lucrasera luni de zile la casa cea noua inainte sa fie distrusa de foc

Situatii in care mai mult ca perfectul/imperfectul din limba romana NU este echivalent cu Past Perfect Continuous din englezaVezi cazurile timpului Present Perfect 1.6. I was workingVezi cazurile timpului Past Continuous 1.7. I had worked

1.9. I will work - Future Tense (I am going to work) - Timpul Viitor

Verbul reprezinta o actiune viitoare nelimitata in timp.Situatii in care verbul la viitor (voi munci) din limba romana este echivalent cu Future Tense din englezaDaca verbul reprezinta o actiune in viitor si nu va fi intrerupta, nu e concomitenta cu alta actiune folositi Future Tense.I will work OK?Am sa muncesc, BINE?

Someday when I am big and strongI will walk that road and sing a songI will sing of roads so green and wideThat turn and bend from side to sideI will sing of roads that turn and bendThat go from town to rainbow's endIntr-o zi cand voi fi mare si puternicVoi merge pe acel drum si voi canta un cantecVoi canta despre drumuri verzi si lateCare se indoaie si serpuiesc dintr-o parte in altaVoi canta despre drumuri serpuitoareCare merg din oras pana la capatul curcubeului

Atentie: vezi (1.1 I work) pentru primul vers din poezia de mai susSituatii in care verbul la viitor (voi munci) din limba romana NU este echivalent cu Future Tense din englezaCand verbul reprezinta o actiune in derulare la un moment dat in viitor - atunci se foloseste Future Continuous 1.10. I will be workingI will be working in Paris next yearVoi lucra la Paris la anul

1.10. I will be working - Future Conntinuous - Viitor Continuu

Verbul reprezinta o actiune in derulare la un moment dat in viitorShe will be coming round the mountain when she comesCand vine, (ea) va veni in jurul muntelui

1.11. I will have worked - Future Perfect - Viitor Perfect

I will have worked for 20 years next month. Luna viitoare eu o sa fi lucrat de 20 de ani. (alt timp clar)Echivalentul lui "voi fi lucrat"

1.12. I will have been working - Future Perfect Continuous - Viitor Perfect Continuu

Acest timp nu prea se foloseste, pune mai mult accentul pe perioada lunga de timp decat 1.11 Future ContinuousSe traduce tot prin "voi fi lucrat", si ca toate formele de timpuri continue implica o actiune in derulareBy 2010 he will have been working for 40 yearsIn 2010 el va fi lucrat de 40 de ani

Verbul in engleza la diateza pasivaActiunea e suportata de subiectDe exemplu verbul to wash - a spala (alt verb regulat: wash - washed - washed)2.1 The laundry is washed weekly - Rufele sunt spalate saptamanal.Dar: I wash the laundry weekly - Eu spal rufele saptamanal2.2 I am washing laundry now - The laundry is being washed now.2.3 I have washed the laundry - The laundry has been washed.2.4 I have been washing the laundry - The laundry has been washed.2.5 I washed the laundry yesterday - The laundry was washed yesterday.2.6 I was washing the laundry - The laundry was being washed2.7 I had washed the laundry- The laundry had been washed2.8 I had been washing the laundry - The laundry had been washed2.9 I will wash the laundry- The laundry will be washed.2.10 I will be washing the laundry - The laundry will be washed.2.11 I will have washed the laundry - The laundry will have been washed2.12 I will have been washing the laundry - The laundry will have been washed

IF RuleFuture-if-presentYou will now if you learn.=vei sti daca vei invataYou will not now if you don`t learn.Will you know if you learn?Conditional-if-past tenseYou would now if you learnt.-ai sti daca ai invataYou would not know if you did not learnt.Would you know if you learnt?Past conditional-if-past perfectYou would have know if you had learnt.-ai fi stiut daca ai fi invatatYou would not have know if you had not learnt.Would you have know if you had learnt?