Good Jobs Green Jobs ConferenceGood Jobs Green Jobs ConferenceWashington DC 2/10/2013

SmartTruck SystemsSmartTruck Systems

A Look at Tractor TrailerA Look at Tractor TrailerFuel EfficiencyFuel Efficiency

• SmartTruck engineering and design was born in the aerospace, motorsports and automotive industries:– Boeing and NASA Technology– Aerion Super Sonic Business Jet– Boeing MD 80 Winglet for aging aircraft– Racing and Motorsports

• Daytona Prototype development• Indy Car • NASCAR

– Ballistics– Ford Hybrid Concept Car– Bright Automotive Plug-In Hybrid Van

• SmartTruck’s mission: transfer technology and design techniques from the aerospace industry to the trucking industry to produce groundbreaking, rugged performance equipment for tractors and trailers

SmartTruck Introduction

SmartTruck Introduction

• SmartTruck’s focus is on advanced aerodynamics

Type of Vehicle

FE Rating(miles/gallon)

Loaded Weight(lbs)

Vehicle Efficiency(ton-miles/gallon)

6.5

12

50

130130

70,000

7,300

3,500

3,500

228

44

88

228

Class 8 Long Haul Truck

Large SUV

Compact Gas Hybrid

????

119e 3,300 196

Fuel Performance Perspective

• 1977 Trans Am compared to now– HP, MPG

1977 Pontiac Trans Am •1978 CAFE std: 18.0 mpg

•Vehicle Specs:– V8 6.6L engine: 200 hp– ~14 mpg

The Car: 1977 to 2014

2014 Chevrolet Camaro•2014 CAFE std: 31.3 mpg

– (74% improvement over 1978)

•Vehicle Specs/Options:– Camaro 1LS

• V6 3.6L engine: 323 hp• 22 mpg (combined)

– Camaro 1SS• V8 6.2L engine: 426 hp• 19 mpg

– Camaro ZL1 (shown in photo)• V8 6.2L Supercharged engine: 580 hp• 14 mpg

The Tractor Trailer: 1977 to 2014

1977 Tractor Trailer Fleet•4.6 mpg (Argonne National Labs)

•Tractor:– No aerodynamic fairings– Exterior air cleaner and exhaust stacks– Square nose

•Trailer:– 48’ Trailer limit

2014 Tractor Trailer Fleet•6.5 mpg (41% improvement over 1977)

•Tractor:– Aggressive aerodynamic improvements

•Trailer:– 53’ Trailer limit

DrivetrainInterstate: 2-4%

DrivetrainInterstate: 2-4%

Auxiliary LoadsInterstate: 1-4%

Auxiliary LoadsInterstate: 1-4%Rolling Resistance

Interstate: 13-16%

Rolling ResistanceInterstate: 13-16%

Aerodynamic LossesInterstate: 15-22%

Aerodynamic LossesInterstate: 15-22%

Engine LossesInterstate: 58 – 59%Engine LossesInterstate: 58 – 59%

Inertia/BrakingInterstate: 0-2%

Inertia/BrakingInterstate: 0-2%

Where is energy lost with tractor trailers?Where is energy lost with tractor trailers?

Moving Forward

Opportunities for Fuel Savings

% Fuel Efficiency Improvements

Data from multiple sources: NESCCAF, ICCT, Calstart, Navistar

• DOE SuperTruck Program: ~10 mpg– 50% improved Tractor Trailer efficiency (compared to 2009 MY)

• 30/50% improvement achieved through vehicle technologies• 20/50% improvement achieved through engine technologies• Attain 50% engine brake thermal efficiency and demonstrate path to 55%

• EPA/NHTSA FE/GHG Standards: – Phase I (MY 2014 – 2018): ~8 mpg

• ~20% improvement by 2018 (compared to 2010)• Only address tractor and engine system (no trailers)• Also looks at vehicle efficiency: ton-miles/gal or g CO2/ton-mile

– Phase II (TBD): may include trailers

Future Performance Targets

Aerodynamics• Due to the amount of highway miles driven, the tractor trailer would

benefit more than any other vehicle on the road from advanced aerodynamic improvements.

Type of Vehicle

Drag Coefficient

(Cd)

Average Annual

Highway Miles

Class 8 Long Class 8 Long Haul Tractor Haul Tractor

TrailerTrailer.58 - .62.58 - .62 100,000

Large SUV .4 - .5 6,750

Aerodynamically Advanced Car .25 6,750

Potential Class 8 Truck Highway Fuel Efficiency

at 65 mph

Cd MPG

.60 7.0

.45 8.4

.25 11.0

• If the tractor trailer had the aerodynamic performance of a well designed car it could achieve 11 mpg on the highway.

Aerodynamics

Where is the Drag on Tractor Trailers?Where is the Drag on Tractor Trailers?

Side skirts

Boat tails

Under Trailer Systems

Nose Fairings

Trailer Aerodynamic Strategies: Retrofit

Tractor Trailer Concepts

Long Haul Impacts per TripGood Jobs Green Jobs

2,795 miles 2,795 miles (95% long haul)(95% long haul)

Diesel Fuel Consumed Today @ 6.5 mpg @ 11 mpg Difference

Diesel Fuel Consumed (gal) 430 gal 254 gal 176 gal

CO2 Emissions (lbs) 9,546 lbs 5,640 lbs 3,906 lbs

Fuel Spend @ ($4/gal) $1,720 $1,016 $704

• Testing and validating fuel performance

• Ensuring individual system improvements work with other system improvements

• ROI vs. CapX

• Trailer to tractor ratio: national average is 2.75

• Driver training and capability– Drivers impacts can be 30%

• Vehicle size and longer combination vehicles

Factors to Consider

Good Jobs Green Jobs ConferenceGood Jobs Green Jobs ConferenceWashington DC 2/10/2013

Thank YouThank You

SmartTruck SystemsSmartTruck Systemswww.SmartTruckSystems.com

Mitchell Greenbergmgreenberg@smarttrucksystems.com