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TEXTBOOKS

istory

EXTBOOK copyright

oreanDavid Kwak

Jun Park

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GoJoseonChapter 2

Gojoseon is the next civilization after theKorean Prehistoric Age...

This is a statue of DangGunWangGum

1

The First Nation of Korea

2333BC---108BC

It is said in the history book of SamGukYooSa writeen in

1280AD when the Wun Dynasty took over Korea that, Gojoseon

was founded by DanGunWangGum. DanGunWangGum was the

grandson of the supreme god Hwanin and his mother was

OongNyeo, who was once a bear. This story comes out in the

history book SamGukYooSa during the GorRyo:

There was a Tiger and a Bear, who each wanted to become a

human. The son of the supreme god named Hwanoong came to the

Bear and the Tiger and they asked Hwanoong to turn them into a

human. Hwanoong told the Tiger and the Bear to go in a cave, eat

garlic for a hundred days, and never see sunlight and surely they

will turn human. The tiger gave up within 21 days, but the Bear

went on and eventually became a human. The bear was renamed

OongNyeo. Even though OongNyeo became human she was sad

because she didnt have a child, so Hwanoong felt sad for her and

married her in disguise. Later OongNyeo gave birth to a child

named DanGunWangGum. DanGunWangGum becomes the first

King of a country called Gojoseon.

A Myth

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Gojoseon Timeline

2333BC-DangGunWangGum

establishes the country ofGojoseon.

1833BC-

Giza takes control ofGojoseon and Dangun falls

away.

108BC-

Gojoseon falls to the

Han Dynasty.

BiPaHyung- A type ofsword made during theGojoseon Bronze Age.

Goindol- A type oftomb developed by thepeople of Gojoseon forthe elite class.

IntroductionThe first nation of Korea, Gojoseon, is divivded into three eras.

Dangun Joseon, Giza Joseon, and Wiman Joseon. Dangun Joseon is the

time when Dangun establishes Gojoseon in 2333 BC and takes care of

the country. Giza Joseon is after Dangun takes care of the country and a

King from the Joo Dynasty appoints a man named Giza to take over the

country of Gojoseon. Finally there is the Wiman Joseon which results in

the fall of Gojoseon.

Gojoseon, a

Bronze CountryGojoseon was a country which was able to spread so far because oftheir capability to make efficient bronze swords. The type of bronze

sword they used was called the BiPaHyung sword. Some call this the

bronze age of Gojoseon.

BiPaHyung Sword

During the bronze age which happened around 1000BC Korea

started to make elaborate tombs for the royalties and started to develop

iron culture. One of the famous tombs made during the bronze age was

the Goindol. Goindol was tomb for the elites and it was raised using

two boulders on two sides with another boulder on top.

As the iron culture started to develop the Bronze Age eventually

lead to the Iron age of Gojoseon.

Goindol Tomb

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Vocabulary:

ImGum- Old languageor word for King.

Gojoseons Riseof Power

In China the Joo Dynasty, the king would take care of the central part

of the dynasty and the rest would be taken care by the advisors of the king.

This was a problem for the Joo Dynasty because as time went by the seven

advisors were getting stronger. At last the seven advisors of the Joo

Dynasty were fighting over the kings position.

In the midst of chaos, the nation of Gojoseon was gaining power by

taking over the small nations around them. Gojoseon spread theyre land to

the North by targeting weak countries and land to the south by targeting the

Northwestern parts of the Korean Peninsula.

The Joo Dynasty finally reunited as one country and was renamed Yun

Dynasty. As the Yun Dynasty started calling their advisor their king. The

people of Gojoseon started to call theirImGum (old language for king) the

King.

As Gojoseon became powerful, they started attacks on the Yun

Dynasty. Little by little Gojoseon took over the Yun Dynastys land.

Although Gojoseon was powerful they couldnt hold off the huge attack

from the King of the Yun Dynasty, JinGae. Gojoseon lost about 786 km of

land. Even though Gojoseon lost so much land to the Yun Dynasty they had

enough power to fight with the Dynasties of China.

SamGukYooSa {} History book

made during the Wun Dynastys occupation

in 1280AD. It has a record of the DanGun

Myth and many other historical events.

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Wi-Man JoseonAs the war between the 7 different nations of China continued King

JinShi finally made the nations of China one Dynasty. It seemed that the

war between the different nations was over, but it quickly arose when KingJinShi passed away. Then in 202BC the Han Dynasty unified the nations

of China once more and was able to maintain its power.

Although the Han Dynasty was able to unify all 7 of the different

nations of China, many of the people fled to Gojoseon during the war. This

brought a big change in Gojoseon as well. A man ,who was exiled from

one of the nations in China, named Wi-Man came to Gojoseon and took

over the throne of King Jun and he named his nation Wi-Man Joseon.

Wi-Man was able to do this because King Jun trusted him as a noble

professor and allowed him take control of the western side of the kingdom.

Wi-Man had about 40km of land under his control. Little by little he

gathered exiles from the Han Dynasty and when he had a large army he

told the king this Oh mighty King, the Han Dynasty is splitting its army

into 10 groups and I was told from the heavens that we must fight inside

WangSung (Modern day Seoul). King Jun believed Wi-Man and let his

army of exiles inside. There King Jun was kicked from his throne and he

and his followers fled across the sea where he made another country of his

own. In 194BC Wi-Man became king and it was the official beginning of

Wi-Man Joseon.

After Gojoseon became Wi-Man Joseon, the nation started to develop

the culture of iron very quickly. They started to make iron farming tools

and weapons. As the nation started to use iron the production of agriculture

rose and the nation started trading with other nations more often. Also the

government system became more organized.

Since, Wi-Man Joseon was able to achieve iron they became

economically and militarily strong. They started to take land with theyre

developed weapons and soon gained enough power to face the Han

Dynasty.

Wi-Man Timeline

202BC-The Han Dynasty unifies

the seven nations of Chinaonce more and does not

fall .

194BC-

Wi-Man seizes thethrone of King Jun and King

Jun flees across the sea.

WangSung-

The capital of Gojoseon,or now its modern daySeoul.

After Wi-Man takes

over the throne the

people started to

develop an iron

culture.

Iron Weapons and Agricultural

Tools made by Wi-Man Joseon

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Vocabulary

King WooGuhHe is the king of Wi-

Man Joseon during the Waragainst the Han Dynasty

and he is the grandson ofKing Wi-Man

King Moojae

The King of the HanDynasty during the war withWi-Man Joseon.

YoDong DongBuDoWee

A type of weed given asa present from King Moojae

to the messenger.

WangGumSung

It was the capital of Wi-Man Joseon and may be

translated as Castle WangGum.

Wi-Man Joseon and

the Han DynastyWhen the Han Dynasty heard news that Wi-Man Joseon was

gaining power, they couldnt stand it. Out of all the around the Han

Dynasty Wi-Man Joseon was the only nation that didnt pay tax to the

Han Dynasty. Not only that Wi-Man Joseon cut off all the trade routes

from the Han Dynasty to the countries in the Northern part of Wi-Man

Joseon. This meant that Wi-Man Joseon had increased its power enough

to face the Han Dynasty.

During this time the King of Wi-Man Joseon was King WooGuh,

who was the grandson of Wi-Man, and the King of the Han Dynasty

was King Moojae. The Han Dynasty was getting worried about Wi-Man Joseon and sent a messenger to Wi-Man Joseon asking Wi-Man

Joseon to become allies with the Han Dynasty. They were trying to take

control of Wi-Man Joseon by using Diplomacy. Unfortunately, King

WooGuh denies King Moojaes offer.

The messenger of King Moojae killed one of the high generals Wi-

Man Joseon to replace his failure of diplomacy. King Moojae was

pleased and gave the messenger a type of barley called YoDong

DongBuDoWee.

When King WooGuh found out of the generals death, he was

furious and decided to kill the messenger that killed the general. Then

King Moojae heard about that death of the messenger and thought of it

as an excuse to attack Wi-Man Joseon. King Moojae was planning this

all along.

In 109BC King Moojae didnt miss his chance and gave 7,000 naval

soldiers to General YangBukand 50,000 foot soldiers to General

SoonChae. Then the Han Dynasty launches an attack to

WangGumSung, the capital of Wi-Man Joseon. The attack miserablyfails, but the Han Dynasty launches a series of several attacks that lead

to the fall of the Wi-Man Joseon.

Primitive Crossbow- Because of thedevelopment of iron, Wi-Man Joseonwas able to make primitive versionsof crossbows. When you pull on thetrigger below the bolt releases. Thiswas used effectively against the Han

Dynasty.

Trigger

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Gojoseon Civilization The 8 lawsThere were eight lawsfor Gojoseon howeverwe only know three sofar thus here they are.

1. If your house wasrobbed the robbermust be your slaveor he/she can pay abig fine.

2. When a person ismurdered the

murder must also bekilled or hurt at thesame spot wheremurdered.

3. When fighting withanother person andsomeone is hurt theperson who hurt the

other person mustpay a fine.

What did Gojoseon eat? How did they determine laws? What tools

did they use? These are all very good questions so lets find out!

Gojoseon at first used tools out of wood and stone because bronze

tools were very rare at the time. Later they developed bronze tools and

in the end iron culture started to develop and Gojoseons technology

enhanced greatly.

There were eight laws in Gojoseon however we only know three of

them sadly. The three laws we at least know is:

1. If you house is robbed the robber must become your slave or he/she

must pay a big fine.

2. Another one when a person is murdered the murderer must be killed

at the same spots where he/she murdered.

3. The last one we know is when two people are fighting and one

person get hurt the person who hurt the other person must pay a fine.

Gojoseon lived near a river in order to fish and farm land for

vegetables. They often ate seafood such as clams, crabs, and fish.

However Gojoseon didnt have anything to help theyre farm land

grow so they needed rain. Thats why Gojoseon often prayed for good

weather and fertile soil to the gods.

The people of Gojoseon enjoyed to dance and sing. Even though

we dont know the melody for Gojoseon songs, we do know the lyrics

for some of the songs.

anced-(verb) increase

FUN FACT!!!

When the king of Gojoseon dies

all of his relatives and his servants

must die with him.

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Culture In GojoseonPottery in Gojoseon

In the Mumun Pottery Period from 1500-300BC pottery replaced

earlier comb pattern wares. As a result of the act of new populations

migrating to Gojoseon from Manchuria and Siberia. These types of pot

has thicker walls and has many shapes improving the kiln technology.

This is sometimes called the Gojoseon Bronze Age.

Rice Cultivation

In the 1200 to 900 BC rice cultivation spread to Korea from China and

Manchuria. Gojoseon farmed native grains such as millet and barley, and

domesticated livestock. They often built villages along side water for farming.

Pottery from Gojoseon

2

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Gojoseon AssessmentChapter 2

Dangun Myth

Gojoseons Rise of Power

Gojoseon a Bronze Country

1.What was the name of HwanOongs son?2.What were the animals that wanted to become human?

3.What was the food the animals had to eat in a cave for one hundred days?

4. Which animal gave up first?

5.Why did HwanOong marry the bear?

1. How was Gojoseon able to spread?

2. What was the type of bronze sword Gojoseon made?

3. When did the Bronze age happen?4. What was one of the most famous tombs in Gojoseson?

5. What happened after the bronze age?

1. How was Gojoseon able to spread?

2. What was the type of bronze sword Gojoseon made?

3. When did the Bronze age happen?

4. What was one of the most famous tombs in Gojoseson?

5. What happened after the bronze age?

Wi-Man Joseon1. Why did Wi-Man flee to Gojoseon?

2. How was Wi-Man able to bring his army of exiles into WangSung(modern day Seoul)?

3. In what ways was Wi-Man Joseon able to develop?

4. Who unified all of China after King JinShi?

5. What effects did iron bring to the nation of Wi-Man Joseon?

Wi-Man Joseon and the Han Dynasty1. What was the connection between King WooGuh and King Wi-Man?

2. What was the excuse for the Han Dynasty for attacking Wi-Man Joseon?

3. What did the messenger do to replace his failure?

4. Who were the generals of the Han Dynasty?

5. What was a weapon that was used during the war against the Han Dynasty?

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Gojoseon AssessmentChapter 2

Go oseon Civilization1. What were Gojoseon tools made out of before iron?

2. Why did Gojosoen not use bronze in order to make tools?

3. What are the three laws out of the eight laws?

4. Where did Gojoseon live near?

5. Why did Gojoseon live near that place?

Culture in Gojoseon1.What did pottery replace from the 1500BC to 300BC?

2.Who were the types of people migrating to Gojoseon?

3.What technology did pottery increase in?

4.What age is this sometimes called?

5. What kind of rice did Gojoseon farmed?

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Gojoseon Unique AssignmentChapter 2

Dan un M th and the WarNow that you have finished reading the chapter please write a poem on one of the following:

Dangun Myth

The War between Wi-Man Joseon and the Han Dynasty

Example:

There was once a son of a god who came down from the heavens

He crossed paths with a bear and a tiger who seemed sad for a reason

They begged him to turn them into humans, but that couldnt be granted with out a test

So, Hwanoong gave a test to see who was the best.........