Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.
-
Upload
brittney-james -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
2
Transcript of Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.
![Page 1: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Geomorphology
“Geo”--Land
“morph”--Change
“ology”--Study of
![Page 3: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I. DefinitionA. The study of the
Earth’s landforms and the changes to those forms.
![Page 4: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
B. Two parts: 1. Form--shape of
the surface 2. Structure--
materials the surface is made of.
![Page 5: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
II. Landforms--the natural shape of the land-- mountains (mts.), mt. ranges, plains, hills, plateaus, etc.
![Page 6: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(We use these terms loosely depending on where we live and our experiences.)
![Page 8: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
A. Geographers use slope, relief and elevation to define landforms
![Page 9: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1. Slope--degree of variation of a
surface from the horizontal or slant of the land.
steep slope
gentle slope
![Page 10: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Gradient--steepness
![Page 11: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2. Relief--difference between the highest and lowest points.
6000’
5000’
1000’
![Page 13: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Highest point
Lowest point
![Page 14: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
3. Elevation--height above or depth
below sea level
Ocean0’
2000’
![Page 15: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Height above sea level
sea level
![Page 16: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mount Everest
8,848 meters (29,028 feet)
![Page 17: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Mariana Trench is 1,554 miles long and averages 44 miles wide. Within it, about 210 miles southwest of Guam, lies the deepest known point on Earth. Named the “Challenger Deep” for the British survey ship Challenger II that located it in 1951, this underwater gorge plunges to a depth of nearly 7 miles! It is deeper than Mt. Everest is tall. [29,035 feet—app. 5 ½ miles]
![Page 18: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Topographic maps are a representation of the relief and
elevation of an area
Can you identify peaks and valleys?
![Page 19: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
B. Using slope, relief, and elevation we can define the 4 basic kinds of landforms-- Mts., Plains, Hills, and Plateaus
![Page 20: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
LANDFORM SLOPE RELIEF ELEVATION
PLAIN
PLATEAU
HILLS
MTS.
Flat < 500’ < 2000’
Varies Varies > 2000’
Mod. to 500’ to > 500’
Steep 2000’
Steep > 2000’ > 2000’
![Page 21: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
III. Formation of Landforms
A. Two Forces
![Page 22: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1. Tectonic Forces-- forces from
within the Earth-- building up or raising up of the earth.
![Page 23: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Based on the theory of plate tectonics that started in the 1960’s.
![Page 24: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
According to the continental drift theory, the super-continent Pangaea began to break up about 225-200 million years ago, eventually fragmenting into the continents as we know them today.
![Page 25: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Two processesa. Diastrophism-- raising
up of the surfaceb. Vulcanism--
movement of molten rock to the surface
![Page 28: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2. Gradational Forces-- originate outside the earth--depositing or
smoothing down
![Page 29: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Two processes
a. Erosion
b. Deposition
![Page 30: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Agents causing erosion and deposition 1) Running Water 2) Wind 3) Ice/Glaciers 4) Waves/Currents of the
Sea
![Page 31: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
IV. Landforms
A. Tectonic Landforms
1. Three basic movements
![Page 32: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
a. Compressional
![Page 33: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
1) folding
![Page 34: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Folding of the Earth
![Page 35: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
2) thickening
![Page 36: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
3) thrust faulting
![Page 37: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
b. Tensional
![Page 39: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
1) Rifting
![Page 40: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
2) Thinning
![Page 41: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
3) Down Dropping (Horst/Graben)
![Page 42: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Horst and Graben
![Page 43: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Horst/Graben along the Wasatch Fault in central Utah
![Page 44: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
c. Strike-slip
![Page 45: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Along these fault lines you have earthquakes occurring and volcanic action occurring. The basic landforms that form are mountains and valleys.
![Page 46: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Earthquakes
![Page 47: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
2. Types of Tectonic Boundaries
There are four basic types of plate boundaries that result from the movement of the plates.
![Page 48: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
a. Divergent boundaries —one or two plates are splitting apart. New crust is being formed from the center of Earth, causing the plate to spread. Rift valleys are one example of this type of place movement.
![Page 49: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
b. Convergent boundaries —two plates are colliding, forcing one plate to dip down underneath another one. The plate that is folding under has old crust that is being destroyed while the plate on top has mountains and volcanoes being formed. In the ocean these appear as trenches.
![Page 51: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
c. Transform boundaries —plates are sliding against each other causing large faultlines and mountains to form. Here the crust is neither created nor destroyed.
![Page 55: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
d. Plate boundary zones —plate boundaries appear zigzagged. Scientists believe there are actually microplates in these areas but it is unclear what effect these zones have on the physical environment.
![Page 58: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
3. Fault Landforms [a fault is a break in the Earth’s
surface.]
![Page 60: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
[You get different landforms depending on how fast, how long, how much tension, etc.; but basically you get mountains and valleys.]
![Page 61: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
4. Volcanic Landforms
a. Volcanoes
![Page 62: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
b. Calderas
![Page 63: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
c. Cinder Cones
![Page 64: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Topography of Crater Lake
Computer Image of depth: Blue is the deepest and orange is the shallowest
![Page 65: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
B. Gradational Landforms
1. Made by Running Water
![Page 67: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
a. Valleys
b. Canyons
c. Badlands
![Page 68: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
d. Floodplain
![Page 69: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
e. Oxbow Lakeson the Kinabatangan River in Malaysia
![Page 71: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
f. Levees
![Page 72: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Natural Levees
![Page 73: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
g. Deltas
h. Etc.
![Page 74: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
2. Made by Wind
a. Dunes
![Page 76: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Star Dune in Morocco
![Page 77: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Linear Dunes
![Page 78: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
b. Loess
![Page 79: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
3. Made by Glaciers
a. Cirque
b. Arete
![Page 80: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
c. Horn
![Page 82: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
d. Glacial troughs
![Page 83: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
e. Lakes
1) Tarns
2) Finger Lake
3) Pater Noster Lakes
![Page 84: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
f. Lateral Moraine
g. End Moraine
![Page 85: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
h. Fjord
i. etc.
![Page 86: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
4. Made by Waves and Currents
a. Beaches
![Page 87: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
b. Sea Caves &Crevices
![Page 88: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
c. Barrier Islands
![Page 89: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
d. Lagoon
e. Reef
f. etc.
![Page 90: Geomorphology “Geo”--Land “morph”--Change “ology”--Study of.](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110322/56649d1e5503460f949f1ee8/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Significance of Landforms• MOUNTAINS:• Barrier to travel,
communication, defense
• Rainmaker, scenery• Reservoir, water
source, minerals• Poor accessibility• Poor agriculture• Source of destruction
• PLAINS, RIVER VALLEYS:
• Fertile soils• Irrigation water• Mineral resources• Source of destruction• Easily accessible