FMEA RCM Course - Foundations of Effective FMEA - RS 470 CourseNotes_Rev9.1
FMEA AC2O Crude Distillation
27
FMEA © 2001 Demax Inc. Process Name Crude Distillation Anchor Points Score Severity Occurrence Detectability Belt Name AC2O I & II Description Description Description 1 No effect. Date 13-Jun-10 2 List the Input Variables You Will Investigate 3 1 Column & Reboiler Drain 2 Condeser 45 4 3 Column Top Temp 4 Column Bottom Temp 5 5 Top product rate 6 Column Feed Temp 6 7 8 7 9 10 8 9 10 Almost no chance of failure. Process known, Cpk >1.67. Current controls are almost certain to detect this failure. Extremely minor disruption, few customers notice. Very rare failures. Cpk>1.5. Perhaps one failure per 10,000 Very high probability current controls will detect. Very minor disruption, some customers notice. Rare failures. Cpk >1.33. Perhaps one failure per 1,000. High probability current controls will detect. Very minor disruption, most customers notice. Moderate failure rates. Cpk generally between 1.2 for a 6 rating, and .8 for a 4 rating. Failure rates generally between 1 per 100 and one per few thousand. Moderately high probability that current controls will detect. Minor disruption. Customer somewhat dissatisfied. Medium probability that current controls will detect. Low probability that current controls will detect Moderate disruption, customer dissatisfied. High failure rates. Cpk in the .5 to .67 range. Perhaps one failure per 25-100 cases. Very low probability that current controls will detect. Major disruption of function, customer very dissatisfied. Slight probability that current controls will detect. Identify the process, the belt and the date. Next, list the Process Inputs you will investigate. List only inputs that you believe will have a major impact on project success. The actual number will be determined by your judgement as to which ones have a major impact. This may be as few as two or three, but will seldom be as many as ten. Then set 'Anchor Points' for Severity, Occurance, and Detectability. Default Anchor Points are provided, but they may or may not fit your situation. Change them as needed. Finally, fill out the worksheet for each Process Input. High danger of injury. Warning given. Very high failure rate. Cpk generally .33 or below, or one failure per 10 cases. Very slight probability that current controls will detect. High danger of serious injury or death. No warning. No probability that current controls will detect.
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Transcript of FMEA AC2O Crude Distillation
FMEA© 2001 Demax Inc.
Process Name Crude Distillation Anchor PointsScore Severity Occurrence Detectability
Belt Name AC2O I & II Description Description Description1 No effect.
Date 13-Jun-102
List the Input Variables You Will Investigate 31 Column & Reboiler Drain2 Condeser 45 43 Column Top Temp4 Column Bottom Temp 55 Top product rate6 Column Feed Temp 678 79
10 8
9
10
Almost no chance of failure. Process known, Cpk >1.67.
Current controls are almost certain to detect this failure.
Extremely minor disruption, few customers notice.
Very rare failures. Cpk>1.5. Perhaps one failure per 10,000
Very high probability current controls will detect.
Very minor disruption, some customers notice.
Rare failures. Cpk >1.33. Perhaps one failure per 1,000.
High probability current controls will detect.
Very minor disruption, most customers notice. Moderate failure rates.
Cpk generally between 1.2 for a 6 rating, and .8 for a 4 rating. Failure rates generally between 1 per 100 and one per few thousand.
Moderately high probability that current controls will detect.
Minor disruption. Customer somewhat dissatisfied.
Medium probability that current controls will detect.
Low probability that current controls will detect
Moderate disruption, customer dissatisfied.
High failure rates. Cpk in the .5 to .67 range. Perhaps one failure per 25-100 cases.
Very low probability that current controls will detect.
Major disruption of function, customer very dissatisfied.
Slight probability that current controls will detect.
Identify the process, the belt and the date. Next, list the Process Inputs you will investigate. List only inputs that you believe will have a major impact on project success. The actual number will be determined by your judgement as to which ones have a major impact. This may be as few as two or three, but will seldom be as many as ten. Then set 'Anchor Points' for Severity, Occurance, and Detectability. Default Anchor Points are provided, but they may or may not fit your situation. Change them as needed. Finally, fill out the worksheet for each Process Input.
High danger of injury. Warning given.
Very high failure rate. Cpk generally .33 or below, or one failure per 10 cases.
Very slight probability that current controls will detect.
High danger of serious injury or death. No warning.
No probability that current controls will detect.
A10
List from 1 to 10 Input Variables that you wish to investigate. The names you enter in these blocks will automatically appear in the appropriate worksheets. Usually, these will be variables that your Cause and Effect Matrix have shown to be likely to be of major importance. How may variables should you investigate? It depends on your project. Sometimes two or three is enough. Ten would be an unusually large number.
FMEA for Input Variable'Column & Reboiler Drain'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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Current Process Controls
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Suggested Action Actual Action
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9
9 2 162
9
9 2 162
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Column & Reboiler Drain to
Vessel 52
Very Hazardous AC2O Vapors emission from
vessel around it at ground floor
makes workmen flow
difficult in Plant
52 vessel vent given at ground floor
No Control/movement in cross direction of wind flow
Vent to be Provided at height and should be away from plant
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable'Column & Reboiler Drain'
FMEA for Input Variable'Condeser 45'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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10
2 No control 8 160
10
2 8 160
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Condser 45 leakage
Accident due to Leakage
Tube leakage inside condenser-45
Temp Gauge to be provided in Product line at field as well as indication on DCS.
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
0
0
0 0 0
FMEA for Input Variable'Column Top Temp'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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9
4 1 36
9
4 1 36
1 1 9 1 1 9
4 2 72 4 2 72
Column Tray damage 1 Column Tray Replaced 1 9 1 1 9
8
4 1 32
8
4 1 32
1 1 8 1 1 8
Reboiler trap is not working 2 Checking,Opening of Bypass 2 32 2 2 32
5 1 40 5 1 40
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Column Top Temp High >
90 0C
Low Production & Condensor 47 leakage
frequency will increase
High Steam pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person to check and correct the C/V
Periodical checking of Control valve
Low Feed rate ( Manual control/ malfunction of C/V)
Periodical checking of Control valve
Periodical checking of Control valve
Vaccum low <500 mm hg -Air Ingress and steam flow low in Ejector
Air ingress point identified and rectified
Control Valve for steam to be provided in Ejector.
Periodic cleaning (Half yearly) of tray.
Column Top Temp Low >
80 0C
Poor Quality of Product
Low Steam Pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person to check and correct the C/V
High Feed rate ( Manual control/ malfunction of C/V)
Periodical checking of Control valve
Choking of Tray because of carbon particle with feed
Cleaning of tray (Schedule is 6 months )
Appropriate filter to be installed in feed line.
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
0
0
0 0 0
FMEA for Input Variable'Column Bottom Temp'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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Current Process Controls
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Suggested Action Actual Action
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Production loss 8
7 1 56
8
7 1 56
Vaccum low <500 mm hg 7 2 112 7 2 112
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
8
0
8
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Column bottom Temp high >
116oC
High Steam pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person to check and correct the C/V
Air ingress point identified and rectified
Main Vacuum to be displyed on DCS
Column bottom Temp high >
112oC
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable'Top product rate'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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Shock 2
Broken earthing 6 Scheduled inspection 2 24 None
2
6 2 24
Corrosion 6 Replacement with GI 1 12 None 6 1 12
Dry earth pit 3 Water poring in pit 1 6 None 3 1 6
Theft 3 Security checking 1 6 None 3 1 6
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Earthing parameter< 10
ohm
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable'Column Feed Temp'
analyzing planning changes after changes
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Current Process Controls
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N
Suggested Action Actual Action
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N2
Fire 6
Life 1 1 6 none
6
1 1 6
Poor bricklining material 1 Repairing 1 6 none 1 1 6
Poor workmanship 2 SOP 3 36 none 2 3 36
Thermal shocks 2 No control 7 84 2 7 84
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
Refractory ( Skin temp < 70 degC)
Scheduled Replacement of bricklining
To avoid frequent stoppage of furnace.
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable
analyzing planning changes
Se
ve
rity
Oc
cu
rre
nc
e
Current Process Controls
De
tec
tab
ilit
y
RP
N
Suggested Action
9
4 1 36
1 Periodical checking of Control valve 1 9
4 Air ingress point identified and rectified 2 72
Column Tray damage 1 Column Tray Replaced 1 9
9
4 1 36
1 Periodical checking of Control valve 1 9
Reboiler trap is not working 2 Checking,Opening of Bypass 2 36
5 Cleaning of tray (Schedule is 6 months ) 1 45
Column Bottom Temp
Production loss 9
6 1 54High
Vaccum low <500 mm hg 4 Air ingress point identified and rectified 2 72
Column Bottom Temp
9
6 1 54
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on
Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Column Top Temp High
Low Production & Condensor 47 leakage
frequency will increase
High Steam pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person checked and corrected
Periodical checking of Control valve
> 90oC
Low Feed rate ( Manual control/ malfunction of C/V)
Periodical checking of Control valve
Vaccum low <500 mm hg -Air Ingress and steam flow low in Ejector
Control Valve for steam to be provided in Ejector.
Periodic cleaning (Half yearly) of tray.
Column Top Temp Low
Poor Quality of Product
Low Steam Pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person checked and corrected
< 80oC
High Feed rate ( Manual control/ malfunction of C/V)
Choking of Tray because of carbon particle with feed
Appropriate filter to be installed in feed line.
High Steam pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person checked and corrected
> 116oC
Poor Quality of Product
Low Steam Pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person checked and corrected
Main Control Valve hunting to be minimized.
B4
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
C4
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
D4
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
E4
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
G4
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
H4
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
I4
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
J4
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
L4
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
M4
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
N4
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
O4
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
P4
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
Q4
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
Low9
6 1 54
3 Periodical checking of Control valve 1 27
Top Product rate
Production loss 9Crude purity down 2 2 36
High
> 300kg/hr (3.0 TPD) 0
Top Product rate
9Reflux Rate High 4 Controlled through Top feed rate 5 180
Low<250kg/hr(3.0 TPD) 0
Column Feed Temp
9
Low vapour load in preheater 5 Manual inspection 3 135 Display of same on DCSLow
Feeding Pipe line insulation poor 3 Manual inspection 1 27
Poor Quality of Product
Low Steam Pressure due to malfunction of C/V
Instrumentation person checked and corrected
Main Control Valve hunting to be minimized.
< 112oC High Feed rate ( Manual control/ malfunction of C/V)
Back process checked for more acetic acid rate in aborber or keten conversion low and rectification done.
Poor Quality of Product
Reflux rate monitoring and contolling to be done.
Poor Quality of Product
<70oC
FMEA for Input Variable
analyzing planning changes after changes
Se
verit
y
Occ
urr
en
ce
Current Process Controls
De
tect
ab
ility
RP
N
Suggested Action Actual Action
Se
verit
y2
Occ
urr
en
ce2
De
tect
ab
ility
2
RP
N2
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable
analyzing planning changes after changes
Se
verit
y
Occ
urr
en
ce
Current Process Controls
De
tect
ab
ility
RP
N
Suggested Action Actual Action
Se
verit
y2
Occ
urr
en
ce2
De
tect
ab
ility
2
RP
N2
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable
analyzing planning changes after changes
Se
verit
y
Occ
urr
en
ce
Current Process Controls
De
tect
ab
ility
RP
N
Suggested Action Actual Action
Se
verit
y2
Occ
urr
en
ce2
De
tect
ab
ility
2
RP
N2
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
FMEA for Input Variable
analyzing planning changes after changes
Se
verit
y
Occ
urr
en
ce
Current Process Controls
De
tect
ab
ility
RP
N
Suggested Action Actual Action
Se
verit
y2
Occ
urr
en
ce2
De
tect
ab
ility
2
RP
N2
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
Potential Failure Modes Associated with Input Variable
Effects Failure Mode Will Have on Customer, if They Occur
Potential Causes of Failure Modes
Person Responsible & Target Date
A5
How can a failure in this Input Variable cause my process to turn out badly? For example, if the input variable is 'temperature', failure modes might be 'temperature too low', 'temperature too high', or 'heat cycle too short'. Enter each Failure Mode in a separate cell.
B5
The concern here is the effect on the customer. The customer might be an external customer, or it might be the internal user of the process output. If the Failure Mode is 'temperature too high' or 'temperature too low', the effects might be 'food is overcooked' or 'food us undercooked'. Enter all the major effects in one cell.
C5
Enter a number, 1-10, based on the Anchor Points from the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Default values are provided, but you should substitute your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate. Your Severity score will be a composite, based on the Effects that the Failure Mode produces. Usually, the composite score will be driven by the most serious Effect. That is, if one effect is 'costs us an extra $1,000 per year', and another effect is 'burns down the factory', the composite score will probably be a 10.
D5
List the top four Causes of the Failure Mode (not the Effects!). If more than four Causes are important, you can enter the same Failure Mode in two Potential Failure Mode boxes.
F5
Enter a number from 1-10, based on either the default Anchor Points, or new Anchor Points you have created in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet.
G5
Controls are mechanisms or methods that are in place which prevent the failure mode, or prevent the cause of the failure mode, or provide detection of the failure when it happens, so that the failure can be contained before it reaches the customer. If you have two or more controls for one Potential Cause of Failure, enter them in the same box, separated by + signs.
H5
Enter a number, 1-10, from the Anchor Points block in the 'FMEA Start' worksheet. Use your own Anchor Points if the default definitions are not appropriate for your project. Remember, this is a 'backward' scale. A '1' means that you can always detect the Failure Mode, and a '10' means that you can never detect it. If you have entered 'none' in 'Current Process Controls', enter a 10 here, because you have no detection system.
I5
Risk Priority Number. Failure Modes with high RPN's need extraordinary attention. Modes with lower RPN's need only ordinary attention. RPN is calculated by (composite effect) x (occurrence) x (detectability).
J5
High RPN items should have action items. For low RPN items, you can enter 'none', so that it is noted that you considered the issue, and decided that it was not appropriate to take action.
K5
Who is responsible for carrying out the action plan, and what is the target date for completion?
L5
Enter the actual improvement that is made. Note that this will become part of your Control Plan.
M5
The default Severity is the composite for this Failure Mode. You can overwrite the default Severity number with a lower number if you have found a way to make the failure have less effect on the customer. This is usually difficult.
N5
The default number entered here is the number entered in the first Occurrence column. You can overwrite the default if you have found a way to prevent the Failure Mode or to prevent the cause of the Failure Mode.
O5
The default number entered for you is the Detectability number you entered in the first Detectability column. You can overwrite the default with a new number if you have found a way to improve your chances of detecting an error before it escapes to the customer.
P5
This is your new RPN, after making improvements. If you have reduced the impact of the Failure Mode on the customer, or reduced the chances that the failure will happen, or improved your chances of detecting the failure before it escapes to the customer, you should overwrite the default SOD numbers that have been entered for you. This will result in a lower RPN, and the RPN cell will turn green.
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