First records for Peninsular Malaysia: Glossy Ibis ... · Terence Ang were checking an area of...

Vol 22/1 · June 2015

First records for Peninsular Malaysia:

Glossy Ibis & Manchurian

Reed-warblerBirding hotspots:

Sungai Rambai Paddyfields

East Asian-Australasian

Flyway Campaign

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Vol 22/1 · June 2015inAugurAlonlineissue

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S U A R A E N G G A N G Volume 22/1 · June 2015 1

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Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notes from the Field Glossy Ibis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Northern Shoveler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manchurian Reed-warbler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

International News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Book Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Birding Hotspots Sungai Rambai Paddyfields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BCC News MNS-BCC Report 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Records Committee Report 2012/13 . . . . . . . . . . .

Conservation East Asian-Australasian Flyway Campaign . . . . .


Message

Despite going online as SE, Suara Enggang will retain much of the features which began in 2011. This format has been well received by the birdwatching community in Malaysia and abroad and continues to be a valuable source of information on birds in Malaysia.

We however would like to see more coverage on the bird rich states of Sarawak and Sabah, where there are many Bornean endemics, and we encourage writers from these states to contribute more in the long term efforts of having an overall balanced coverage from Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak, and Sabah.

This issue includes coverage on the East Asian-Australasian Flyway and the efforts of the Malaysian Nature Society (MNS) to be part of this effort to conserve migratory waterbirds, their staging sites, as well as related habitat.

On behalf of the MNS Bird Conservation Council (BCC), I would like to apologize to all subscribers for being unable to bring out this series for the year 2014 due to various glitches. Since then the MNS-BCC has made the decision to continue this series online with the kind support from Ricoh, the MNS Branches of Johor and Penang and Selangor Branch Bird Group.

Enjoy this first online issue and Happy Birding!

Lim Aun TiAh , acting Mns-Bcc chairMan

notes from the field | 1

Glossy Ibis in flight, Pulau Burung, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang ______________________________________________© Ahmad Radhafizal bin Che Kassim

Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus in Pulau Pinang and Kedah:�first record for Peninsular Malaysia

AhmAd RAdhAfizAl bin Che KAssim, sofiAn zAKARiA And dAve bAKewell

On 27 May 2013, the first author was observing Lesser Whistling-ducks Dendrocygna javanica at Pulau Burung landfill site, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang when he spotted a Glossy Ibis, interacting aggressively with the duck flock, before eventually succeeding in chasing it away.

The Glossy Ibis was not seen again at the site, but on 10 July 2013, the second author was driving near some ricefields in the Kedawang area of Pulau Langkawi, Kedah at about 4.30pm, when he saw a strange, dark-looking bird with some egrets, which proved, on closer observation, to


be a Glossy Ibis. As he tried to approach, the flock flew off, and was lost to view. Again, several photographs were obtained, and the bird was not seen again.

Both the Pulau Pinang and Kedah records were assessed by the MNS-BCC Records Committee and accepted on 16 December 2013. Although the two sightings were widely separated by date and locality, details of wing moult visible in the photographs suggested that only one individual was involved. Although the possibility of captive origin cannot be completely ruled out, the mid-year timing of the occurrence is rather typical of previous vagrants in the region, and the records were considered to refer to a wandering wild bird.

With good views, the only species likely to be encountered in the region with which Glossy Ibis could be confused are White-shouldered Ibis Pseudibis davisoni and Hadada Ibis Bostrychia hagedash. The former is a rare and declining resident in the region, and has a white collar and forewing, and red legs. The latter is an extralimital species from Sub-Saharan Africa; a small feral population occurs in the Klang valley of Selangor, originating from captive birds from the National Zoo (Zoo Negara) at Ulu Klang. The species is superficially similar to Glossy Ibis, but is shorter necked and legged, with greyish brown body plumage, and a thin white moustachial streak below the eye.

Within South-East Asia, the Glossy Ibis is a rare to locally common resident in Cambodia and southern Vietnam, and a former resident in Myanmar (Robson 2008). A breeding colony was reported on Pulau Dua, West Java by MacKinnon and Phillipps (2001); the current status of which is uncertain. The first confirmed record of Glossy Ibis in Sumatra was of four birds observed in North Sumatra between 1 September 2010 and 13 February 2011 (Putra et al. 2013). There have been four records


in Singapore: eleven birds in June 1984, two birds in May 1989, one in October 1992 and one on 5 November 2007 (Lim 2009). There is one previous documented record for Malaysia: of 1–2 birds frequenting Likas Lagoon and Sembulan mudflats, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, from 31 March to 26 September 1998 (Mann 2008). In addition, Phillipps and Phillipps (2011) mention “several recent June and July records from Likas swamp”.

Perhaps surprisingly, this constitutes the first record of Glossy Ibis for Peninsular Malaysia.


Lim, K.S. 2009. The Avifauna of Singapore. Nature Society (Singapore) Bird Group Records Committee: Singapore

MacKinnon, J. & Phillipps, K. 2001. A Field Guide to the birds of Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford University Press: Oxford

Mann, C.F. 2008. The Birds of Borneo: an annotated checklist. BOU Checklist No 23. British Ornithologists’ Union/British Ornithologists’ Club: Peterborough

Phillipps, Q. & Phillips, K. 2011. Phillipps’ Field Guide to the birds of Borneo (2nd Edition). John Beaufoy Publishing: Oxford

Putra, C.A., Iqbal, M., Hikmatullah, D. & Giyanto 2013. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus, a valid species for Sumatra, Indonesia. Kukila 17 (1) 2013:33-35

Robson, C. 2008. A Field Guide to the Birds of South-east Asia. New Holland: London

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The Shoveler together with the Garganey ______________________________________________© Amar-Singh HSS

Incidental discovery of an unexpected visitor —the Northern Shoveler

JinG-Yi ToU And AmAR-sinGh hss

This communication is to report a sighting of a Northern Shoveler in Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. It is based on a visit to the Malim Nawar wetlands in south Perak on 27 December 2013. The location is an extensive ex-tin mining area with some ponds converted into duck and fish farming.

The Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata is a very rare duck in Peninsular Malaysia (MNS-BCC 2013) much like most other migratory ducks. It has only been recorded in Peninsular Malaysia 3 times; once near Kuala


Lumpur in 1898, a record in the Kinta Valley (Perak) in the 1980s (Wells 1999), and a recent record in Kahang (Johor) in 2010.

On 27 December 2013, the first author went to the Malim Nawar wetlands to observe stints. He saw two unusual ducks in a large pond that was also used by many other wetland migratory birds. One of the ducks was a Northern Shoveler and the other a smaller Garganey Anas querquedula. He invited the second author to join him in the observation as well as to assist in photo-documentation of the ducks. The Northern Shoveler present was an eclipse male, characterized by its yellow iris, green speculum and chestnut belly in flight. A number of foraging episodes were observed, most at the edge of the large pond.

Of interest was the behaviour of the Garganey. It tagged along with the larger Shoveler and followed it in tandem wherever the latter went. When the Shoveler took off, the Garganey would also follow. During the period of observation the two ducks were observed to circle the pond and land in the same location. They did not fly off to other ponds in the area.

In early January, another Garganey (male eclipse) joined the group and ever since, the original Garganey, a female, chose to stick with the one of its own feather rather than the Northern Shoveler. With the alliance broken, the Northern Shoveler was occasionally seen to leave the pond to feed and rest at other nearby ponds when disturbed.


Malaysian Nature Society–Bird Conservation Council Records Committee, 2000–2013. https://sites.google.com/site/mnsbccrc/Home/rarities-list (accessed 23/11/2013)

Wells, D.R. 1999. The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Vol 1. London: Academic Press

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Manchurian Reed-warbler in fresh plumage, Pulau Pinang ______________________________________________© Dave Bakewell

Manchurian Reed-warbler Acrocephalus tangorum in Perlis and Pulau Pinang:� first record for Malaysia

neoh hoR Kee And dAve bAKewell

At approximately 8.10am on 5 November 2013, the first author and Terence Ang were checking an area of maize fields near a line of high voltage pylons at Chuping, Perlis. Directly below the power cables was a roughly rectangular strip of tall grass about 10 x 40 metres. The weather was bright and sunny, although it had rained lightly the night before.

An Acrocephalus warbler came into view, perching on the upper half of the tall grass stems and making disyllabic calls noted as chit-chit. It responded to attempts to imitate this call by coming closer but did not react


to playback of calls of Black-browed Reed-warbler A. bistrigiceps. Upon approaching closer, it resumed its skulking behaviour, a characteristic of Black-browed Reed-warbler, which it was assumed to be at the time.

When photographs of the bird were subsequently published on Facebook, they began to attract considerable interest. James Eaton and the second author suggested independently that the photographs were not of a Black-browed Reed-warbler, but of a species hitherto unknown in Malaysia, namely, Manchurian Reed-warbler A. tangorum. The opinions of several international experts were sought, namely Phil Round, Paul Leader, and Peter Kennerley. Both Phil Round and Paul Leader had extensive experience in the hand of all the small Acrocephalus warblers occurring in South-East and East Asia, while Peter Kennerley was the first author of the Helm Guide to Reed and Bush Warblers. All three concurred with the revised identification. The record was subsequently accepted by the MNS-BCC Records Committee on 25 February 2014 as the first record for Malaysia.

The Manchurian Reed-warbler breeds in south-east Russia and north-east China, and, up until this discovery, was only known to winter in Thailand (mainly at Khao Sam Roi Yot), Cambodia and southern Laos. The paucity of recent records from well-monitored sites (such as Mai Po in Hong Kong and Bung Boraphet in Thailand) suggests it is genuinely very scarce. The global population is thought to number fewer than 10,000 adults, and to be declining due to the conversion of wetland habitats. In the light of this, it is classified as Vulnerable by BirdLife International.

At known over-wintering sites, it occurs in Phragmites dominated reedbeds in Thailand, and in tall grass stands (away from water) and sedge beds (both wet and dry), scrub-fringed lotus swamps, and heterogeneous scrub/grass mixes away from water in Cambodia.


The second author visited the site at about 8.30 am on 19 November 2013. As well as observing the bird, he was able to make a recording of the call, using an Olympus DS 50 digital voice recorder. He then followed the line of pylons both west and east for some distance, playing the recording at intervals. Westward there was no response, but eastward, the line of pylons led down to a shallow valley where there were more extensive dry ‘reedbeds’ (long grass and occasional shrubs). Here at least three birds at separate locations responded to the playing of Manchurian Reed-warbler vocalizations by approaching the player (placed at some distance from the observer) to a distance of a few feet. Despite this, the birds were only glimpsed in flight, when they appeared longer-tailed and darker chestnut brown above than Black-browed. One or two called in response, giving identical calls to the first bird.

This raised the possibility that the bird discovered by the first author and Terence Ang was not a solitary vagrant, but part of a small population of birds which were possibly overwintering at the site.

Just over a month after the initial sighting of Manchurian Reed-warbler in Perlis, the second author was birding near a small marsh in Kampung Permatang Nibong, Pulau Pinang, on 12 December 2013, when he heard a Manchurian Reed-warbler call. Further investigation revealed 4–5 Manchurian Reed-warblers in the marsh, as well as 2–3 Black-browed Reed-warblers. The habitat was a seasonally-waterlogged Phragmites reedbed, much wetter than the habitat in Perlis. Two nearby reedbeds were markedly drier, and only the Black-browed was found there on two occasions, when Manchurian Reed-warbler vocalizations were played extensively. Three other wet marshes within a 10 km radius were also surveyed by using playback of Manchurian Reed-warbler calls, but no birds were recorded at any of the sites.


The Manchurian Reed-warblers were continuously present at the Pulau Pinang site from their first detection in December until at least early March 2014. The second author was unable to visit the site after this due to being overseas; the birds almost certainly lingered longer.

Birds at this site were initially threatened by the presence of illegal mist nets along one side of the marsh. Although the nets were of the large mesh, single shelf variety, designed to catch much larger birds, the nets were just a few metres from where the warblers foraged in the morning, and posed a distinct hazard. The nets were eventually cleared by staff of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia (PERHILITAN), and no further illegal use of nets were noted at the site.

The presence of multiple birds at the Pulau Pinang site appears to confirm that Manchurian Reed-warblers overwinter in small numbers in Peninsular Malaysia. Whether this is a recent phenomenon, or whether they have been overlooked in the past is open to question. David Wells conducted one mist-netting survey at the south end of Songkhla Lake in Peninsular Thailand in the 1970s, when the only Acrocephalus warblers caught were Oriental Reed. Extensive ringing during the 1960s in the reedbeds of Selangor yielded only Oriental and Black-browed, although in this early era, it is conceivable that a Manchurian could have been overlooked (D. Well, pers. comm.). Whatever the case, Manchurian Reed-warblers are arguably more likely to be encountered in the north of Peninsular Malaysia than the south during the overwintering season, and it is likely that they occur in very small numbers.

The furtive habits of Acrocephalus warblers make observation a challenge, and the best way to detect a Manchurian may be by recognizing the call, which is distinctively different from that of Black-browed. The call most often heard from Manchurian Reed-warblers was a soft, fluid,


rather low-pitched churr, uttered singly or in pairs. That of Black-browed is shorter, sharper and drier, and is often uttered in clusters.

When the birds were first observed, in November and December, all were in obvious wing and tail moult. This is a useful identification feature at this time of year, since Black-browed Reed-warbler completes its post-breeding moult before beginning southward migration. By mid-February, moult had been completed, so this feature was no longer useful for identification.

Consistent structural and plumage features serve to differentiate Manchurian Reed-warbler from Black-browed, as follows:

· manchurian reed-warbler has a longer, heavier bill and longer tail (often held half-cocked) than Black-browed.

· the lower mandible is unmarked clear yellow during the non-breeding season, whereas that of Black-browed shows extensive dusky marking along the cutting edges.

· manchurian has a striking pale brown iris. Black-browed’s is usually darker, though young birds have paler eyes than adults.

· manchurian has brown rather than black lateral crown stripes (they are also narrower than on Black-browed).

· the supercilium on manchurian tails off to a point behind the eye (most of the time), rather than being flared and square-ended as on Black-browed. Additionally, it narrows over the eye, whereas on Black-browed, the width is more uniform.

· manchurian has a more distinct and longer eye stripe than Black-browed, contrasting with the lower ear coverts.

· All manchurians seen were more rufescent above and more peach-coloured below (with whiter throat and central breast/belly) than Black-browed (although there is some variation in the upperpart colour of Black-browed).

· the centres of the tertials and secondaries were blacker than on Black-browed, offering more of a contrast with the paler fringes than the relatively more uniform colouration of these feathers on Black-browed.

· manchurian’s legs were brighter pink than those of Black-browed, which were described as greyish-pink.


On the one hand, the discovery of two small wintering populations in Malaysia of this globally vulnerable species is good news. On the other, the threats to both the birds and their habitat at both sites are a grave cause for concern. The overall habitat matrix at Chuping will change drastically over the next few years, as sugar cane gives way to rubber trees, even though the small areas of long grass and swamp will probably not change. It remains to be seen whether the birds will continue to use this site. The site in Pulau Pinang is vulnerable to drainage and conversion to other uses, and the birds which use it are threatened annually by the activities of illegal bird-trappers. Although it is probable that similar fragmented populations of Manchurian Reed-warblers remain undiscovered at other sites in the north of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, it is likely that these face similar threats.


The authors wish to thank Peter Kennerley, Paul Leader and Dr Phil Round for their help in identification and providing information on moult timing. They also wish to thank PERHILITAN staff of the Pulau Pinang branch for their prompt action in response to being alerted about the illegal mist nets.

ACKnowledGemenTs

BirdLife International 2014. Species factsheet: Acrocephalus tangorum. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26 May 2014

Xeno-canto 2014. Sonograms and recordings of Manchurian Reed-warbler and Black-browed Reed-warbler accessed at http://www.xeno-canto.org/ on 26 May 2014

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The critically endangered Laysan Duck ______________________________________________© Caleb Slemmons

Scientists identify the world’s most irreplaceable protected areas

mARTIN FOWLIE

A new scientific study has identified the protected areas most critical to preventing extinctions of the world’s mammals, birds and amphibians. Resulting from an international collaboration, including BirdLife International, this analysis provides practical advice for improving the effectiveness of protected areas in conserving global biodiversity.

The study, published in the latest edition of international journal Science, calculates the ‘irreplaceability’ of individual protected areas, based on data on 173,000 terrestrial protected areas and assessments of 21,500 species on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The analysis compares the contribution each protected area makes to the long-term survival of species.


Seventy-eight sites (comprising 137 protected areas in 34 countries) have been identified as exceptionally irreplaceable. Together, they harbour the majority of the populations of more than 600 birds, amphibians, and mammals, half of which are globally threatened.

In many cases these areas protect species that cannot be found anywhere else, such as the Critically Endangered Laysan Duck Anas laysanensis endemic to the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge, USA, and the 13 species of amphibians restricted to Canaima National Park in Venezuela.

Many of these irreplaceable areas are already designated as being of ‘Outstanding Universal Value’ under the UNESCO World Heritage Convention. These sites include Ecuador’s famed Galapagos Islands, Peru’s Manu National Park, and India’s Western Ghats.

However, half of the land covered by these areas does not have World Heritage recognition. This includes for example Tanzania’s Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Cuba’s Cienaga de Zapata Wetland of International Importance, and—the most irreplaceable site in the world for threatened species—Colombia’s Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Natural National Park.

Ninety three percent of the sites have already been identified as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas by BirdLife Partners—emphasising the effectiveness of the IBA network for capturing important sites for other wildlife. Unlike previous assessments that focused on increasing the number of protected sites, this study highlights the need for, and provides guidance for, improving the often insufficient management of existing protected areas.


http://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/scientists-identify-world%E2%80%99s-most-irreplaceable-protected-areas (posted 14 November 2013, accessed 3 December 2013)

sOuRcE

Zambian high court overturns government copper mining plan in Lower Zambezi

KEN mWATHE

Saddle-billed Stork Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis, a fairly common wetland bird in Lower Zambezi ______________________________________________© Peter Hills

The High Court in Lusaka, Zambia, on 4 February halted government approval of a plan by an Australian investor to mine copper from the Lower Zambezi National Park. The park is an Important Bird Area and is being considered for listing as a World Heritage Site.

The “order staying execution of the decision to allow large scale mining” dated 6 February stops Mwembeshi Resources Ltd from mining 80 million tonnes of copper ore from the park per year, until an appeal filed by civil society groups is heard and determined.

On 17 January 2014, the Minister of Land, Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Mr. Harry Kalaba issued licence No.


15547-HQ-LML to Mwembeshi Resources Ltd, a subsidiary of an Australian company, Zambezi Resources Limited. The approval came in spite of protest by Zambian environmental organisations that are concerned that such a massive project could have serious impacts on biodiversity, water and people downstream.

The Zambia Environmental Management Authority had in September 2012 rejected the project Environmental Impact Assessment following an appeal lodged by civil society led by the Community Based Natural Resources Forum, a forum on which BirdWatch Zambia is an active member.

“As a unique and world renowned ecosystem with immense financial and ecological value to Zambia, the area deserves the highest form of protection,” said Mr. Moses Nyoni, the CEO of BirdWatch Zambia.

Civil society groups that have filed an appeal in the High Court say due process was not followed in issuing the mining rights. “We are concerned about the legality and transparency of the whole process since stakeholder input was ignored” said Moses Nyoni. “We will provide positive feedback to the authorities but at the same time do everything possible to ensure that Zambian environmental laws are respected.”

Discussions have been underway to designate Lower Zambezi as a transboundary World Heritage Site straddling Zambia and Zimbabwe. “This proposal could go down the drain and this would be sad for both countries” said Ken Mwathe, the BirdLife International Africa Policy and Advocacy Coordinator. “Zambia has internationally recognised conservation credentials; the government should maintain these by keeping mining interests out of Lower Zambezi National Park.”


http://www.birdlife.org/africa/news/zambian-high-court-overturns-government-copper-mining-plan-lower-zambezi (posted 11/02/2014, accessed 16/02/2014)

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Phillipps’ Field Guide to the Birds of Borneo—3rd Edition

The third edition of this colourful guidebook has arrived within five years of its original appearance, and as an owner of both previous editions it is a privilege to review this one.

P&P3 is the same size as P&P2 (372 pages) with the same number of formal field-guide type plates (141), but 15 of the plates are completely new and 16 have been enhanced with additional images of more species and plumages. There is a useful list of websites. Ninety birdwatching sites are described and mapped. Seven colour spreads show typical birds of seven habitats. The book even has a page on conservation area planning. It now includes 673 bird species for Borneo, with 60 endemics (Bornean Banded Pitta is missing from the list of 59 endemics on page 29). In 1960 Bill Smythies listed 554 species and 28 endemics, which shows how much has been discovered and how much the species concept has changed over the past 55 years.

It is surprisingly difficult for any author to achieve consistency in editing new editions. Recent publications and unpublished sources have to be trawled, coverage of new findings cannot be complete yet has to be relatively even, and changing a point on one page can cause inconsistencies elsewhere, perhaps many unnoticed pages away.

In this book the text and illustrations have always included a selection of birds ‘Not recorded’ yet in Borneo. Over the past few years a few of these have indeed been newly recorded. The new records have been meticulously added, but for Red-


Quentin Phillipps and Karen PhillippsJohn Beaufoy PublishingJanuary 2014

ISBN 978-1-909612-15-0revIew

billed Starling, Blunt-winged Warbler and Radde’s Warbler the label ‘Not recorded’ has remained.

Another dilemma is in achieving a consistent and accurate colour balance in new and reprinted plates. In this edition I found the plate of Green Broadbills a little more pallid than in P&P2, the plate of migrant warblers unchanged (it was and still is too dark), and the reds too garish on the new plate of shamas. A curious green tinge shows on the Bornean Treepie and the Olive-winged Bulbul. But in some other plates the colour balance has been improved.

This book is immensely enjoyable and I am convinced of its value. Each edition adds richness and new layers of information. For birdwatchers who do not have a copy yet—and the growth of locally based birdwatching in Borneo is one of the features embedded in this edition—it ought to be a must-buy.

Time and sales will tell as to whether there is a P&P4 to come. Elucidating the colour morphs of honey buzzards, understanding the colonisation rates of Philippine birds into Borneo, the higher level taxonomy of swiftlets, babblers, warblers and thrushes, the changing status of raptors, waders and seabirds, the avifauna of mid-montane zones favouring Black Oriole, Rajah Scops-owl and Dulit Partridge, all cry out for study. The time is certainly approaching when all the accumulating records and taxonomic changes among the birds of Borneo call for a comprehensive scientific review.

G.W.H. DAVISON


Wintering Curlew Sandpiper showing slight traces of summer plumage______________________________________© Ang Teck Hin

The Sungai Rambai paddyfields are located south of Melaka town at N2˚9’52.52” E 102˚29’58.3”. From the Ayer Keroh-Melaka-Jasin highway, exit Jalan Batu Gajah, and then turn into Kampung Parit Penghulu Benteng. This is one of the hotspots for freshwater waders and waterbirds. The best time to visit this site is between the months of October and April when the migratory birds start to arrive and winter at the paddyfields. However, one has to coincide visiting the paddyfields with the ploughing period as during this period, many migratory waders and waterbirds can be seen feeding and roosting at the fields. The roads along the paddyfields are relatively accessible to vehicles, and birding can be done from the car. This will provide extra camouflage from the birds. However, one has to orderly park the car on the sides of the road so as not to obstruct other vehicles from passing through.

It is encouraged to visit these sites during the early morning hours when the waterbirds are most active. Regular winter visitors are the


BIrdINghotSPotS

Sungai Rambai paddyfields, MelakaA haven for waterbirds

ANG TECK HIN

Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola, Common Redshank Tringa totanus, Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia, Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis, Lesser Sandplover Charadrius mongolus, Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius, Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva, Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta, Snipe Gallinago spp, and Ruff Philomachus pugnax, with occasional Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea, and Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis. Other waterbirds which frequent these paddyfields include the Oriental Pranticole Glareola maldivarum, Watercock Gallicrex cinerea, pond-herons Ardeola spp, bitterns Ixobrychus spp, terns, crakes, egrets, lapwings and the resident Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus. A pair of Black-winged Stilts Himantopus himantopus was recently sighted at the paddyfields. However, raptors are not a common sight here.

Vagrants and uncommon migrants have been sighted in these fields over the past years. These included Baillon’s Crake Porzana pusilla,


Wintering Northern Pintails. Note shape of bill and length of neck__________________________________© Ang Teck Hin

Garganey Anas querquedula, Black Bittern Dupetor flavicollis, Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus, and Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii. On one occasion, three Northern Pintails Anas acuta were spotted at one of the flooded paddyfields for a period of a week.

Along the banks of the waterway and irrigation canals, Oriental and Black-browed Reed Warblers can often be seen feeding in the reeds. Be on the look-out for kingfishers, shrikes and the Common Stonechat. Adjacent to the paddyfields are small ponds and a river which runs across the border of Melaka and Johor. Resident species such as the Lesser Whistling-duck Dendrocygna javanica, Common Moorhen Gallinula chlorophus and Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio can be easily seen feeding and roosting on the river banks and ponds. A pair of Cotton Pygmy Goose Nettapus coromandelianus was recently sighted in one of the ponds.

Across the river is Kampung Teluk Rimba, Muar, Johor where there are more paddyfields and small ponds. The timing of the ploughing of these


Black Bittern__________________________________© Ang Teck Hin

paddyfields would sometimes be different from the fields of Sungai Rambai. So it is wise to check out this site too, especially when these paddyfields have been ploughed and filled with irrigation water. This site is only a stone’s throw from the Sungai Rambai paddyfields. One has to only drive across a small bridge and almost immediately small ponds and paddyfields can be seen along the road. It is good to check out the river beds too especially during the dry season where some of the waterbirds can be seen roosting along the dry banks. Ruddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca and a pair of Garganeys have recently been sighted along these banks.

Due to its ideal location with adjacent ponds and rivers, Sungai Rambai paddyfields has become a favourite site for many birders who love to watch waders and other waterbirds with the occasional treat of open country birds.


And the largest of them all is the Lesser Adjutant__________________________________© Ang Teck Hin


The past 12 months, May 2014 to April 2015, have been both a challenging as well as an interesting period for the MNS-BCC.Here are some of the more notable events and activities that marked the calendar of BCC and its component groups during the past year.

1 RaptoRStudyGRoup(RSG)

RSG implemented several projects that had been ear-marked for 2014–2015. With the strong support from Conservation Division of the MNS, RSG and its volunteers spent 44 days recording raptor migration from 14 February until 29 March 2015 at the lighthouse at Tanjong Tuan, Melaka. A total of 48,549 raptors was counted, with 46,101 Oriental Honey-buzzards accounting for 95% of the total number of migratory raptors recorded. Chinese Goshawks, Japanese Sparrowhawks, Grey-faced Buzzards and Black Bazas made up the remaining 5%. Compared with the count of 2014, this year’s count did not reflect any significant difference except for the fact that a new record for Tanjung Tuan was registered. On 18 February 2015, Khoo Swee Seng and several volunteers photographed a Eurasian Hobby (also known as Northern Hobby) Falco subbuteo thermalling above the lighthouse. It is the first time that this species has been reported for Tanjung Tuan.

Raptor Watch Day, held on Saturday 14 March and open to the public, was well received even though it was just a one-day event. Oriental Honey-buzzards thrilled visitors on that day when many flew low over the lighthouse and surrounding forest. The decision of

MNS-BCC RepoRt 2015

LIMauNtIaH


this year’s organizing committee to locate the booths of participating NGOs and corporate sponsors along the road which snakes its way up to the lighthouse was a good move. Feedback from visitors and the public was very positive. The shady walk up to the lighthouse provided people with a good opportunity to take some time to browse through articles and merchandise on display at the booths, instead of running away to find some shade as was the case in the past when the booths were located in an exposed area in the Ilham Resort. RSG’s plan to monitor autumn raptor migration in Kelantan and Terengganu, planned for October 2014, to learn more about raptor migration patterns, had to be postponed due to manpower constraints. It is hoped it can be done in October this year.

2 SuaRaENGGaNG

In the 2014 report, it was reported that the printed version of Suara Enggang could not be sustained beyond December 2013 because of the difficulty in getting sponsorship for the publication. So MNS-BCC made a decision to print Suara Enggang online so as to minimize publication costs. Even then, the challenge of finding necessary funding was only recently resolved when three branches, namely the Pulau Pinang and Johor Branches, and the Selangor Branch Bird Group jointly pledged a total of RM13,000.00. Consequently, work on Suara Enggang has resumed and the first issue is expected to be uploaded in June 2015. With that, Suara Enggang will be available to everyone free of charge. Although subscribers of printed Suara Enggang were given the option of asking for a refund of their subscription fees, only 3 persons have done so. To those who have kindly donated their subscription fees to MNS-BCC, I wish to


thank them, and also the two state branches and Selangor Bird Group for their generous donations.

3 The Records Committee (RC) continues to be manned by 7 volunteers, ably led by Dave Bakewell.

4 As mentioned in the 2014 report, Bird I-Witness (BIW), the online database which enables birdwatchers to record sightings, and do research on Malaysian birds, such as their abundance and distribution etc., had to find a new host. The reason was because Birdlife International decided that it could no longer provide support for the database. I am pleased to report BIW’s “migration” exercise has been completed. As of 1 April 2015, all of BIW’s data have been transferred to “eBird”, an online database which is operated by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology. Malaysian bird watchers, new as well as senior ones are strongly encouraged to register with “eBird” and continue sending in their observations.

5 MY Garden Birdwatch (MYGB) team, ably led by Lim Bing Yee, has been going full swing with activities since the committee line-up was confirmed in September 2014 . The objective was to create awareness and encourage MNS members and the public to participate in the nationwide surveys through education, opportunities and activities that include talks, walks and mock counts, and constant engagement on social media via its Facebook page . MYGB committee walked several “Walk and Talk” kilometres in public places such as Taman Rimba Kiara to inform and encourage people to take part in MYGB’s bird survey. It participated in forums and events such as the


Asian Bird Festival in Pulau Langkawi, and Taiping Raptor Festival. Experimental methods to help newbies discover and tune in to the world of birds are being tested, including craft sessions and themed activities. Opportunity to work with existing educational institutions has been a bonus. The committee members visited educational institutions such as UiTM campuses in Shah Alam and Terengganu, UPM, UKM, Sunway College and Taylor’s College. More ‘walks and talks’ will take place within the period of April and May 2015.

The 2014 survey closed with a dip in submissions. There were 223 valid surveys compared to 315 in 2013, a drop of 29%. Key cities in the western part of Peninsular Malaysia are better represented than other areas , with half the surveys done in Selangor and 17.9% and 11.2% respec tively in Kuala Lumpur and Perak . The results can be viewed at http://www.mygardenbirdwatch.com/index.php?cur=bird/result&date=2014

I wish to congratulate the team for a very busy and successful year, and look forward to hearing more about MYGB in the coming months.

6 tHEMaLaySIaNBIRdCHECkLISt2015

The first “Malaysian Bird Checklist 2005” was published in 2005. It was partially updated in 2010. Since then many changes and developments have taken place in Malaysian ornithology. As such a new national checklist which caters for local developments as well as global trends in the birding world is necessary. I am pleased to report that with generous financial support from the Tan Kean Cheong Bird Conservation Memorial Fund, MNS-BCC recently published the “Checklist of Malaysian Birds 2015”. It was officially launched during Raptor Watch Day on 14 March 2015.

http://www.mygardenbirdwatch.com/index.php?cur=bird/result&date=2014


Large numbers of Oriental Honey-buzzards were counted during Raptor Watch at Tanjung Tuan ______________________________________________© Hans Hazebroek


MNS-BCC ReCoRDS CoMMIttee RepoRt 2012 AND 2013

daVEBakEWELL

This Records Committee (RC) report provides an update of the activities and decisions of the Committee since the 2011 report, which was published in Suara Enggang Vol. 20/2 (June 2012):28-31, and covers the activities of the Committee between April 2012 and February 2014.

RCMEMBERSHIp

The RC membership has remained unchanged, except for the resignation of the Secretary, Wilbur Goh. Wilbur stepped down from the position in January 2014 due to increased work commitments after serving in the position for 5 years. Wilbur was responsible for the updating of the website, sending out correspondence, and setting up batches for voting, among other things. The Committee records a vote of thanks to him. The position is still open for anyone who wishes to be involved in the ongoing work of the RC. The voting members remain as follows: Dave Bakewell (Chair), James Eaton, Allen Jeyarajasingam, Mohd Rafi Kudus, Lim Aun Tiah, Clive Mann, Dr David Wells, Wong Tsu Shi and Yeo Siew Teck.

RECoRdSaSSESSMENt

Twenty-eight records were assessed between April 2012 and February 2014: Accepted–25 (89%); Rejected–2 (7%); KIV–1 (4%). This resulted in two new records for Malaysia and one new record for Peninsular Malaysia (see below).


addItIoNStotHECHECkLISt

New to Malaysia

– Citrine WagtailMotacilla citreola (MNS-BCC REF 2012-002). An adult female in worn plumage was seen and photographed at Chuping, Perlis, on 23 Jan 2012, by Dave Bakewell and Hakim M S. Accepted on 7 July 2012. An account of the discovery was published in Suara Enggang 20/2 (June 2012):6-7.

– Manchurian Reed-warblerAcrocephalus tangorum(MNS-BCC REF 2013-004 & 005). An adult bird in active moult was seen and photographed, and its calls recorded, and up to three other individuals were seen at Chuping, Perlis, on several dates between 5 November and 9 December 2013, by Neoh Hor Kee, Terence Ang and others. Accepted on 25 February 2014.

New to Peninsular Malaysia

– Glossy IbisPlegadis falcinellus (MNS-BCC REF 2013-002). An adult was seen and photographed at Pulau Burung Landfill, Pulau Pinang, on 27 May 2013 by Ahmad Radhafizal bin Che Kassim. Accepted on 16 December 2013. What was almost certainly the same individual was seen and photographed at Kedawang, Langkawi, Kedah, on 10 July 2013 by Sofian Zakaria. There has been one previous occurrence of 1 to 2 birds in the Kota Kinabalu area, Sabah, between March and September 1998 (Mann 2008).


aCCEptEdRECoRdS

The following records were accepted between April 2012 and February 2014:

ReF SpeCIeS DAte AND LoCAtIoN oBSeRVeR(S) DAte ACCepteD

2009

2012-036 Little Bunting 15 october 2009 Chris Kehoe 07.09.2012 pulau tiga, Sabah

2011

2011-031 Rosy Minivet 27 November 2011 Wilbur Goh et al. 07.07.2012 Kampung Sahabat, timah tasoh Lake, perlis

2011-037 Red-billed Starling 7 December 2011 Jonathan Soon et al. 07.09.2012 penampang, Sabah (Category D)

2011-038 Common Starling 8 December 2011 Jonathan Soon et al. 07.09.2012 penampang, Sabah

2012-040 two-barred Warbler 13 october 2011 Chris Kehoe 07.09.2012 pulau tiga, Sabah

2012

2012-001 eurasian Wryneck 2 January 2012 Ng Bee Cheng et al. 07.07.2012 Chuping, perlis

2012-002 Citrine Wagtail 23 January 2012 Dave Bakewell et al. 07.07.2012 Chuping, perlis

2012-004 Black-headed Gull (2) 5 February 2012 Ang teck Hin 16.02.2014 Mersing, Johor

2012-005 Common Buzzard 4–12 February 2012 Lim Wai Kong et al. 16.02.2014 Bukit tinggi, pahang

2012-006 White-tailed Flycatcher 1 February 2012 Cheong Weng Chun et al. 16.02.2014 Sungai perdik, Selangor

2012-007 taiga Flycatcher 11 February 2012 tou Jing Yi 25.02.2014 Bercham, Ipoh

2012-009 Brown-backed 18 February 2012 Danny Lau et al. 16.02.2014 Flowerpecker (4) panti, Johor


ReF SpeCIeS DAte AND LoCAtIoN oBSeRVeR(S) DAte ACCepteD

2012-010 White-throated 25 February–21 April 2012 Choy Wai Mun et al. 16.02.2014 Rock-thrush Bukit Larut, perak

2012-012 Sooty tern 7 March 2012 Dave Bakewell 25.02.2014 tanjung Dawai, Kedah

2012-013 Spoon-billed Sandpiper 24 March 2012 Dave Bakewell et al. 25.02.2014 Kapar power Station, Selangor

2012-016 Sooty tern 21 April 2012 Dave Bakewell 25.02.2014 tanjung Dawai, Kedah

2012-018 Rosy Starling (3) 3–17 February 2012 Yusoff Muhammad 16.02.2014 tok Kassim, Kelantan @ edy Ksx

2012-019 Red-billed Starling 23 February 2012 Yusoff Muhammad 07.07.2012 tok Kassim, Kelantan @ edy Ksx (Category D)

2012-045 Horsfield’s Bronze-cuckoo 21 August 2012 Mohd Rosmadi b Hassan 30.01.2013 Bukit Keluang, terengganu

2012-047 eurasian Hoopoe 2 october 2012 Chris Kehoe et al. 16.02.2014 pulau tiga, Sabah

2012-048 taiga Flycatcher 4 october 2012 Chris Kehoe et al. 16.02.2014 pulau tiga, Sabah

2012-049 taiga Flycatcher 2 December 2012 tou Jing Yi et al. 16.02.2014 Ipoh

2013-001 Masked Finfoot 23–24 December 2012 Connie Khoo et al. 16.02.2014 Ipoh

2013

2013-002 Glossy Ibis 27 May 2013 Ahmad Radhafizal 16.12.2013 pulau Burung Landfill, b Che Kassim pulau pinang

2013-003 Glossy Ibis 10 July 2013 Sofian Zakaria 16.12.2013 Kedawang, Langkawi, Kedah

2013- Manchurian Reed-warbler 5 November– Neoh Hor Kee et al. 25.02.2014004/005 9 December 2013 Chuping, perlis


otHERRECoRdS

The following records were not accepted between April 2012 and February 2014:

CHaNGEStoRECoRdSaSSESSMENt

With the increased use of photographic evidence to substantiate record submissions, the Committee has introduced a shortened Record Submission Form for submissions accompanied by photographs, which dispenses with a detailed feather by feather description. The full version is still used for records without photographic evidence or, exceptionally, in the case of species which are especially difficult to identify, even where photographs are supplied.

Both versions of the form are now available in English and Bahasa Malaysia, and records may be submitted in either language for the first time.

There has been a steady annual increase in numbers of records submitted to the RC. To cope with the increased workload, the Committee has streamlined the assessment process. While potential first records, or records which potentially change the Category status of a species already on the list, will still be assessed by the full Committee, records of other rarities are now validated by a single Records Committee member (similar to the system in use with the

ReF SpeCIeS DAte AND LoCAtIoN DeCISIoN

2012-044 eurasian Crag-martin 17 July 2011 KIV Lambir Hills National park, Sarawak 07.09.2012

2011-012 Radde’s Warbler 10 June 2011 ReJeCteD taiping, perak 07.07.2012

2012-046 Steppe eagle 3 November 2012 ReJeCteD pulau pinang 16.02.2014


Bird I-Witness database). The validator may recommend that a record is accepted, rejected or, in the case of uncertainty, assessed by the full Committee. The rest of the Committee then reviews the recommended actions and a final verdict is reached. It is hoped that this will eventually enable the Committee to reduce the considerable backlog of records which have been submitted but not assessed over the years.

The following species’ statuses have been revised from rarities to scarce migrants or residents, and no longer require submission to the Records Committee:

Swinhoe’s Storm-petrel Oceanodroma monorhis

Booted eagle Hieraaetus pennatus

Chestnut-capped thrush Zoothera interpres

Asian openbill Anastomus oscitans

Sooty tern Sterna fuscatus

White-throated Rock-thrush Monticola gularis

von Schrenck’s Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus

parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus

Brown-chested Jungle-flycatcher Rhinomyias brunneatus

Malaysian Night-heron Gorsachius melanolophus

thick-billed Warbler Acrocephalus aedon

taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla

Great-billed Heron Ardea sumatrana

Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus

White-tailed Flycatcher Cyornis concretus

Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger

pale-legged Leaf-warbler Phylloscopus tenellipes

Brown-backed Flowerpecker Dicaeum everetti

Steppe eagle Aquila nipalensis

Chestnut-cheeked Starling Sturnus philippensis

tawny-breasted parrotfinch Erythrura hyperythra

eastern Imperial eagle Aquila heliaca

Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus

White Wagtail Motacilla alba


taxoNoMyaNdNoMENCLatuRE

Previously, the Records Committee proposed to review potential changes in taxonomy and nomenclature of birds on the Malaysian list on a case by case basis. However, such has been the volume of research into the taxonomy of avifauna of the region in recent years that the Committee has been swamped by the number of cases for review. In light of this situation, the Committee has agreed to adopt a recognized world checklist. The choice of checklist is one which requires careful consideration, to ensure that it is of greatest use to birders and the conservation of birds in Malaysia, and a final decision will be made in the near future.

tHERECoRdSCoMMIttEEWEBSItEaNdEMaIL

The status of records which have been submitted, as well as other information on the Malaysian bird checklist, can be found at: https://sites.google.com/site/mnsbccrc/Home. Record submission forms can be obtained direct from the website, and completed submissions should be sent to: [email protected].

https://sites.google.com/site/mnsbccrc/Home

conservation

Both Black-tailed and Bar-tailed Godwits are frequent users of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway ______________________________________________© Ang Teck Hin

The East Asian-Australasian Flyway CampaignSUMMARIZED BY SonnY wong

Coastal wetlands are one of Malaysia’s dominant habitat types due to its long coastline. It is found mainly along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, west Sarawak and north/north-east Sabah. In Peninsular Malaysia, Selangor has the third largest area of mangroves (19,680 hectares), which is 2.3% of the total land area of the State.

wIlDlIfE REfUgE AnD SocIo-EconoMIcS

Intertidal mangroves and mudflats are important refuges for a variety of unique flora and fauna such as Smooth Otters, Silvered Leaf-monkeys, Estuarine Crocodiles, Lesser Adjutants, shorebirds, mudskippers


and fishes. Mangroves also provide many ecological functions such as coastal protection and nursery for fisheries. The total area of mangroves is currently estimated to be about 566,000 hectares. This ecosystem continues to be threatened by various forms of coastal development, amongst them are aquaculture, reclamation, pollution, and illegal logging, which further destroy and/or degrade the remaining mangrove forests.

BIRDS AS BIOlOgIcAl INDIcAtORS Of ENvIRONMENtAl HEAltH

Waterbirds are closely related to the ecosystem and environment. The birds therefore function as an Ecosystem Health Indicator. This is due to the birds using green areas as resting areas. If there is a negative impact to these rest areas, where the sites do not have ample food or roosting areas, the birds will not stop over. This will further endanger the vulnerable bird species. The waterbirds play an important role in the stability of the ecosystem. Waterbirds feed principally on fish, small aquatic animals or insects which live in coastal wetlands. Waterbirds also eat insect pests and help the farmers. The crops will be in danger of destruction if the birds are not present.

INtRODUctION tO tHE EAA flYWAY cAMpAIgN

The East Asian-Australasian (EAA) Flyway Campaign is an initiative by the Malaysian Nature Society (MNS) under the Wetlands Programme with the aim of conserving the remaining Flyway sites of regional importance in Malaysia.

Working closely with the Federal Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment through provision of technical support, information and encouragement, Malaysia was recently accepted as the 28th Partner


of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership (EAAFP) on 10 November 2012. By joining the EAAFP, it is a step forward in reinforcing national/local efforts in conserving wetland habitats and sites especially areas of high importance for migatory waterbirds (and other wetland biodiversity), restoring/rehabilitating habitats/sites (e.g. replanting of mangroves, creation of artificial high tide roosts for waterbirds) and working towards meeting international and regional obligations (e.g. designating potential Ramsar and/or Flyway sites).

tHE MISSION Of tHE EAA flYWAY cAMpAIgN

The Flyway Campaign has kick started its work with the North-central Selangor coast (NCSC) IBA, which is in Selangor. The NCSC IBA encompasses three districts of Sabak Bernam, Kuala Selangor and Klang. The IBA is estimated to be 28,000 hectares which stretches for 110 km between the Klang River estuary in the south to the Bernam river mouth in the north. This includes the seven mangrove islands group, the Klang Islands. The socio-economic activities along this coastal area are mainly agriculture including aquaculture and swiftlet rearing, coastal fisheries, eco and agrotourism (e.g. firefly-watching, village homestays) and cottage industries. It is mainly rural with a few urban areas and a major port. The mud and sand flats are extensive which extend seaward to 1.0 to 2.5 km along the coast in many areas, and is the biggest cockle spat in the country. The coastal mangroves and riparian forest are discontinuous and those remaining are either permanent forest reserves or state land. There is an artificial ash pond, which is very popular with shorebirds, located within the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Power Station at Kapar.


tHREAtS AND cONSERvAtION IN NcSc IBA

The demand for coastal land, erosion, encroachment, illegal sand mining, boat wakes, water pollution from agriculture, industry and urbanization, maritime accident oil spills, poaching, feral dogs, wildlife-human conflict, bund construction are amongst the other challenges in the Flyway conservation. There are problems of coastal erosion especially in the north where the coastal mangroves have been thinned out. Various measures are being done by the government to stop this erosion, and this is expected to take some time. Recent upstream industrial, agriculture and aquaculture discharge have caused a drop in cockle yields at the mudflats. The Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Power Station’s ash pond is slated to be closed in the near future and this will further reduce the roosting and feeding sites of the migratory shorebirds. Overcoming low awareness among the communities will be the most challenging task and if this is achieved, will be a very effective conservation measure.

cONclUSION

The Flyway Campaign will enhance the nation’s efforts in wetlands conservation, generate awareness and hopefully much participation from the public in the conservation efforts. It will help form a platform for closer working relationship among partners in the waterbird conservation efforts. The rise in profile of a wetlands of global importance (Ramsar site) will ensure the waterbirds and habitat conservation which will be in line with the National Biological Diversity Policy. Finally, it will serve as a potential economic returns for the country from international birdwatchers and ecotourism which can further sustain the conservation efforts.


SUBScRIBE [email protected] www.suaraenggang.com

EMAIl [email protected]

MAlAYSIAN NAtURE SOcIEtY BIRD cONSERvAtION cOUNcIlJKr 641, Jalan Kelantan, buKit PerseKutuan50480 Kuala lumPur, malaysia tel 603-2287 9422 Fax 603-2287 8773

http://suaraenggang.com/

First records for Peninsular Malaysia: Glossy Ibis ... · Terence Ang were checking an area of...

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