Fire Protection in Shipyard Employment 3

8/4/2019 Fire Protection in Shipyard Employment 3

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Fire Protection in Shipyard

Employment


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General provisions

Purpose and Scope 501 Fire safety plan 502 Precautions before hot work 503

Fire watches 504 Fire response 505 Hazards of fixed extinguishers on board vessel 506 Landside fire protection system 507

Training 508


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Purpose

Requires employers to protect all employeesfrom fire hazards in shipyard employment,including employees engaged in fireresponse activities

Provides increased protection for shipyardemployment workers from the hazards of fireon vessels and vessel sections and at land-side facilities

Reflects new technologies and nationalNFPA consensus standards


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Scope

Covers employers with employeesengaged in

Shipyard employment aboard vesselsand vessel sections

Land - side operations

Regardless of geographic locations


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Employee participation

Employers must provide for employees or

employee representatives to participate indeveloping and reviewing programs and

policies to comply with this subpart


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Multi-employer worksites

Host employer responsibilities

Inform employers about the contentof the fire safety plan including

hazards, controls, fire safety andhealth rules, and emergencyprocedures

Ensure safety and healthresponsibilities for fire protection areassigned as appropriate to otheremployers at the worksite


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Multi-employer worksites (contd)

Contract employer responsibilities

Ensure host employer knows about the fire-

related hazards associated with the contractemployer's work and what the contractemployer is doing to address them

Advise the host employer of any previouslyunidentified fire- related hazards that thecontract employer identifies at the worksite


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Fire safety plan29 CFR 1950-502

Employer responsibilities

Plan elements

Reviewing the plan with employees

Additional employer requirements

Contract employers


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Plan elements

Plan must include: Identification of significant fire hazards Procedures for recognizing and reporting unsafe

conditions Alarm procedures Procedures for notifying employees of a fire

emergency Procedures for notifying fire response organizations

of a fire emergency

Procedures for evacuation Procedures to account for all employees after an

evacuation; and Names, job titles, or departments or individuals who

can be contacted for information about the plan


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Reviewing the plan with employees

The employer must review the plan witheach employee at the following times:

By March 14, 2004, for current employees

Upon initial assignment for new employees; and When the actions the employee must take

under the plan change because of a change induties or a change in the plan.


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Additional plan requirements

Must be accessible to employees,employee representatives and OSHA

Review and update at least annually

Document affected employees have beeninformed about the plan

Give a copy to outside fire responseorganizations that will respond to fires


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Contract employers

Contract employers in shipyardemployment must have a fire safetyplan for their employees, and the plan

must comply with the host employer'sfire safety plan

The contract employer can adopt the

host employers fire safety plan tomeet this requirement


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Precautions for hot work29 CFR 1915 503

General requirements

Designated areas

Non-designated areas

Specific requirements

Maintaining fire hazard freeconditions

Fuel gas and oxygen supplyline and torches


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General requirements -designated areas

The employer maydesignate areas that arefree of fire hazards

for hot work in sitessuch as:

Vessels

Vessel sections

Fabricating shops

Subassembly areas


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Non-designated areas

Visually inspect area where hot workwill be performed, including adjacentareas unless Marine Chemistscertificate or Shipyard Competentpersons logs is used forauthorization

Perform hot work only in areas thatare free of fire hazards, or controlledby physical isolation, fire watches,etc.

Maintain fire hazard-free conditions


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Precautions for hot work specificrequirements

Fuel gas and oxygen supply lines andtorches

No unattended lines in confined spaces

No unattended charged lines in enclosedspaces for more than 15 minutes

Fuel gas and oxygen hose lines disconnectedat end of each shift


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Precautions for hot work specificrequirements (contd)

Roll lines back to supply manifold or open airand then disconnect torch, or

Disconnect extended fuel gas and oxygenhose lines at the the supply manifold

Only if the lines are given a positive means ofidentification

Use a drop test or other positive means to ensurethe integrity of fuel gas and oxygen burning systembefore resuming hot work


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Fire watches29 CFR 1915 - 504

Written policy

Posting fire watches

Assigning employees

to fire watch duty


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Written policy

Detailed fire watch training

Identifies dutiesemployees will perform

and equipment they will begiven

Includes personalprotective equipment(PPE) that must be madeavailable and worn


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Posting fire watches

Must post a fire watch duringhot work if any of thefollowing are present: Slag, weld splatter, or sparks

might pass through an openingand cause a fire Fire-resistant guards or curtains

are not used to prevent ignitionof combustible materials on or

near decks, bulkheads, etc Combustible material is closerthan 35 ft. and cannot beremoved, shielded or protected


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Posting fire watches (contd)

Hot work is carried out on or nearinsulation, combustible coatings thatcannot be shielded, cut back,removed, or inerted

Combustible materials adjacent tothe opposite sides of bulkheads,decks, etc. may be ignited byconduction or radiation

The hot work is close enough tocause ignition through heat radiation

or conduction on: Insulated pipes, bulkheads, decks,

partitions, or overheads; or Combustible materials and/or

coatings


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Posting fire watches (contd)

The work is close enough tounprotected combustible pipeor cable runs to cause ignition

A Marine Chemist, a CoastGuard-authorized person, or ashipyard Competent Personrequires that a fire watch be

posted


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Assigning employees to firewatch duty

Employees must not be assignedadditional duties while the hotwork is in progress

Employees must be physically

capable of performing fire watchduties

Employees assigned to firewatch duty must:

Have a clear view and immediateaccess to all areas included in the firewatch

Be able to communicate with workersexposed to hot work

Be authorized to stop work and restore

safe conditions within hot work area


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Assigning employees to firewatch duty (contd)

Remain in the hot work area for 30 minutes aftercompletion of the hot work - Unless theemployer or its representative surveys theexposed area and makes a determination thatthere is no further fire hazard

Be trained to detect fires in areas exposed to thehot work

Extinguish incipient stage fires in the hot workarea

Alert employees of any fire beyond the incipientstage; and

If unable to extinguish fire, activate the alarm


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Fire response29 CFR 1915 505


Written policy information Internal response

External response Medical requirements for shipyard

response employees

Organization of internal fireresponse functions

Personal protective clothing andequipment for fire responseemployees

Equipment maintenance (PPE)


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Decide what type of response will beprovided and who will provide it Internal fire response Outside fire response

Create, maintain, and update awritten policy that: Describes the internal and outside

fire response organizations that theemployer will use; and

Defines evacuation procedures, ifthe employer chooses to require atotal or partial evacuation of theworksite at the time of a fire


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Written policy internal response

The basic structure of the fireresponse organization

Number of trained fire responseemployees

The fire response functions thatwill be carried out

Minimum number of fire responseemployees necessary

Type, amount, and frequency oftraining that must be given to fireresponse employees

Procedures for using protectiveclothing and equipment


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Written policy outside response

Types of fire suppressionincidents to which the fireresponse organization isexpected to respond at the

employer's facility

Liaisons between theemployer and the outside fire

response organizations


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Written policy outside response(contd)

A plan for fire response functions that:

Addresses procedures for obtaining assistance fromthe outside fire response organization

Familiarizes the outside fire response organizationwith the layout of the employer's facility or worksite

Sets forth how hose and coupling connections will bemade compatible and location of adapter couplings

States employer will not allow use of incompatiblehose connections


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Written policy combination ofinternal and outside response

The basic organizational structure of thecombined fire response

Number of combined trained fire responders Fire response functions that may need to be

carried out Minimum number of fire response employees

necessary Number and types of apparatuses, and

Description of the fire suppression operationsestablished by written standard operating proceduresfor each particular type of response at the worksite

Type, amount, and frequency of joint trainingwith outside fire response organizations


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Employee evacuation

Emergency escape procedures Procedures to be followed by employees who

remain at worksite to perform critical operationsduring the evacuation

Procedures to account for all employees afteremergency evacuation is completed

Means of reporting fires and other emergencies Names or job titles of employees or departments

to be contacted for further information orexplanation of duties


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Written emergency response

The employer must include the followinginformation in the employer's writtenpolicy:

A description of the emergency rescueprocedures; and

Names or job titles of the employees who are

assigned to perform them


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Medical requirements for shipyardfire response employees

The employer must ensurethat: Fire response employees

receive medical exams toassure they are physically and

medically fit for duties expectedto perform Fire response employees,

required to wear respiratorsmeet the medical requirements

Each fire response employeehas an annual medicalexamination; and

Medical records are kept onfire response employees


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Organization of internal fireresponse functions

Organize fire response functions to ensureadequate resources for emergency operations

Establish lines of authority and assignresponsibilities to ensure components of the

internal fire response are accomplished Set up incident management system to

coordinate and direct fire response functions,including: Specific fire emergency responsibilities Accountability for all fire response employees participating

in an emergency operation; and Resources offered by outside organizations Provide information as required to the outside fire

response organization to be used


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PPE for fire response employees


Thermal stability and flame resistance

Respiratory protection

Interior structural firefighting operations

Proximity firefighting operations

Personal alert safety system (PASS) devices

Life safety ropes, body harnesses and hardware


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Employer must:

At no cost, supply all fireresponse employeesappropriate personal protectiveclothing and equipment theyneed to perform expected duties

Ensure employees wear theappropriate PPE and use the

equipment, when necessary, toprotect them from hazardousexposures


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Thermal stability and flameresistance

Ensure each fire response employee exposed toflame hazards do not wear clothing that couldincrease the extent of injury

Prohibit wearing clothing made from acetate,nylon, or polyester, either alone or in blends,unless it can be shown that: The fabric will withstand the flammability hazard that

may be encountered; or The clothing will be worn in such a way to eliminate

the flammability hazard that may be encountered


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Life safety ropes, bodyharnesses and hardware

The employer must ensure that: All life safety ropes, body harnesses, and

hardware used by fire responseemployees for emergency operations

meet the applicable recommendations inNFPA 1983-2001 Fire response employees use only Class I

body harnesses to attach to ladders andaerial devices; and

Fire response employees use only ClassII and Class III body harnesses for fallarrest and rappelling operations


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Equipment maintenance

Personal protective equipment Employer must inspect and maintain PPE used to

protect fire response employees to ensure that itprovides the intended protection

Fire response equipment. Keep fire response equipment in a state of readiness Standardize all fire hose coupling and connection

threads throughout the facility Ensure all fire hoses and coupling connection

threads are the same throughout the facility as thoseused by the outside fire response organization, or Supply suitable adapter couplings if such an

organization is expected to use the fire responseequipment within a facility or vessel or vessel section

Hazards of fixed extinguishing


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Hazards of fixed extinguishingsystems on board vessels and

vessel sections 29 CFR 1915 - 506


Requirements for automatic and manualsystems

Sea and dock trials

Doors and hatches

Testing the system

Conducting system maintenance

Using fixed manual extinguishingsystems for protection


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Employers responsibilities

The employer must comply with theprovisions of this section wheneveremployees are exposed to fixed

extinguishing systems that could create adangerous atmosphere when activated invessels and vessel sections, regardless of

geographic location


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Requirements for automatic andmanual systems

Before working in a a space with a fixed system, either:

Physically isolate the systems or use other positivemeans to prevent the systems' discharge;

or Ensure employees are trained to recognize:

Systems' discharge and evacuation alarms and theappropriate escape routes; and

Hazards associated with the extinguishing systemsand agents including the dangers of disturbingsystem components and equipment

S


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Sea and dock trials anddoor hatches

During trials, the employermust ensure that allsystems remain operational

Take protective measuresto ensure all doors,hatches, scuttles, and otherexit openings remainworking and accessible forescape in the event the

systems are activated; and

S d d k i l d


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Sea and dock trials anddoor hatches(contd)

Ensure that all inward openingdoors, hatches, scuttles, and otherpotential barriers to safe exit are

removed or blocked open, ifsystems' activation could result in apositive pressure in the protectedspaces sufficient to impede escape


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Testing the system

When testing a fixed extinguishing systeminvolves a total discharge of extinguishingmedium into a space, employer must: Evacuate all employees from space and assure no

employees remain in the space during the discharge Retest the atmosphere to ensure that the oxygen

levels are safe for employees to enter

When testing a fixed extinguishing system doesnot involve a total discharge of the systems

extinguishing medium, employer must: Ensure system's extinguishing medium is isolated All employees not directly involved in the testing are

evacuated from the protected space


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Conducting system maintenance

Before conducting maintenanceon a fixed extinguishing system,the employer must ensure that

the system is physically isolated


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Using fixed manual extinguishingsystems for fire protection

If fixed manual extinguishing systems are usedto provide fire protection for spaces in which theemployees are working, the employer mustensure that: Only authorized employees are allowed to activate

the system

Authorized employees are trained to operate andactivate the systems; and

All employees are evacuated from the protectedspaces, and accounted for, before the fixed manualextinguishing system is activated


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Land-side fire protection systems29 CFR 1915 - 507


Portable fire extinguishers and hosesystems

Fixed extinguishing systems


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Ensure all fixed and portable fireprotection systems needed tomeet OSHA standard foremployee safety or employee

protection from fire hazards inland- side facilities meet therequirements, including, but notlimited to:

Buildings Structures

Equipment

P bl fi i i h d
http://www.epsilon-theta.org/spur/diary/images/during/med/during-20020710-ConstNewSprinklerHeadFrontHall-medium.jpg


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Portable fire extinguishers andhose systems

Employer must select, install,inspect, maintain, and test allportable fire extinguishersaccording to NFPA 10-1998Standard for Portable FireExtinguishers

Class II or Class III hose systemspermitted as fire extinguishers ifthe employer selects, installs,

inspects, maintains, and teststhose systems according to thespecific recommendations in NFPA14-2000 Standard for theInstallation of Standpipe, Private

Hydrant, and Hose Systems

G l i t f fi d


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General requirements for fixedextinguishing systems

Ensure any fixed extinguishing systemcomponent or extinguishing agent isapproved by an OSHA NationallyRecognized Testing Laboratory

Notify employees and take necessary

precautions to ensure employees aresafe from fire if for any reason a fireextinguishing system stops working,until the system is working again

Ensure repairs to fire extinguishing

systems and equipment are done by aqualified technician Provide and ensure employees use

PPE when entering discharge areas inwhich the atmosphere remains

hazardous to employee safety or health

G l i t f fi d


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General requirements for fixedextinguishing systems (contd)

Post hazard warning or cautionsigns at entrance to and inside ofareas protected by fixedextinguishing systems that use

extinguishing agents inconcentrations known to behazardous to employee safety orhealth

Select, install, inspect, maintain,and test all automatic fire detectionsystems and emergency alarmsaccording to NFPA 72-1999


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Fixed extinguishing systems

Standpipe and hose systems IAW NFPA 14 -2000

Automatic sprinkler systems IAW NFPA 25-2002, and either NFPA 13 1999, or NFPA

750 2000 Fixed extinguishing systems that use water or

foam agent IAW NFPA 15-2001 Fixed extinguishing systems using dry

chemical IAW NFPA 17-2002 Fixed extinguishing systems using gas IAWNFPA 12-2000

T i i


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Training29 CFR 1915 - 508

Training

All - employee training

Additional training requirements for

employees expected to fightincipient stage fires

Additional training requirements forshipyard employees designated for

fire response Additional training requirements for

fire watch duty

Records


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Training

Current employees by03/15/2005

New employees uponinitial assignment

When necessary tomaintain proficiencyfor employeepreviously trained


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Employee training (contd)

Employer must train allemployees on

Emergency alarm signals,including systemdischarge alarms andemployee evacuationalarms

The primary and

secondary evacuationroutes that employeesmust use in the event of afire in the workplace

T i i f l t d t


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Training for employees expected tofight incipient stage fires

Principles of using fire extinguishersor hose lines

Hazards involved with incipientfirefighting, and the procedures used

to reduce these hazards Hazards associated with fixed and

portable fire protection systems Activation and operation of fixed and

portable fire protection systems thatthe employer expects employees touse in the workplace


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Requirements for shipyard employeesdesignated for fire response

Have a written plan stating fire responseemployees are trained and capable ofcarrying out their duties

Update plan to address anticipated

emergencies Review training programs and hands-on

sessions before their use in training andensure employees are protected fromhazards associated with response training

Provide training that ensures employees arecapable of carrying out their duties Train new employees before they engage in

emergency operations

Requirements for shipyard employees


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Requirements for shipyard employeesdesignated for fire response (contd)

At least quarterly, provide training onwritten operating procedures

Use qualified instructors to conduct thetraining

Conduct training that involves live fireresponse exercises IAW NFPA 1403-2002

Conduct semi-annual drills according to

employers written procedures Prohibit use of smoke generating devices

in training exercises

Additional training for fire


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Additional training for firewatch duty

The employer must ensure thateach fire watch is trained by aninstructor with adequate firewatch knowledge andexperience:

Before being assigned as afire watch

Whenever there is achange in operations thatpresents a new or differenthazard

Whenever employerbelieves fire watchs skillsare inadequate

Annually



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Additional training for firewatch duty(contd)

Basics of fire behavior

Different classes of extinguishing agents

Stages of a fire

Methods for extinguishing fires Adverse health effects caused by fire

Physical characteristics of hot work area

Extinguishing live fire scenarios

Unless prohibited by local and federal law Extension to July 1, 2005



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Hazards associated with fire watch duties

PPE and its use

Selection and use of extinguishers and hoses

Location and use of barriers

Means of communication

When and how to start fire alarm procedures

Employers evacuation plan

Vessel sections

Land-side



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Alert others to exit the space when

The fire watch perceives an unsafecondition

Fire watch perceives a worker is in danger

Employer or employers representative

orders an evacuation

An evacuation signal is activated


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Records

Training records must include: Employees name

Trainers name

Type of training Dates training took place

Records must be maintained forone year, or until replaced bynew record, whichever isshorter


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For More Help

Contact your local OSHA office

OSHA Web site (www.osha.gov) Maritime Page

http://www.osha.gov/dts/maritime/index.html

1-800-321-OSHA
http://www.osha.gov/http://www.osha.gov/

Fire Protection in Shipyard Employment 3

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