Exploring Eastern Indonesia UGM March 2013 REDdd

7/26/2019 Exploring Eastern Indonesia UGM March 2013 REDdd

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American Association of Petroleum Geologists - University of Gadjah Mada

Student Chapter, Guest Lecture, Yogyakarta, 10 March 2013

Oil and Gas in Eastern Indonesia:

Production, Proven Plays, Prospectivity, and Risks

Awang Harun Satyana


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Awang Harun Satyana

Born: Bandung, 24 September 1964

Education: Geology, University of Padjadjaran, Bandung (S1, graduated in 1989)

History of Affiliations (has been 23 years in petroleum industry)

1990-2002: Exploration Pertamina

2002-2012: Exploration BPMIGAS

20012-now: SKK Migas

Position: VP Management Representative SKK Migas for Pertamina EP, Western Region

Professional Organization: IAGI, IPA, HAGI, AAPG, IATMI, GSA

Publications: 298 publications (87 papers for conferences, 51 articles for journals/others, 6 chapters

for 6 books, 87 invited presentations and/keynotes, 37 guest lectures, 30 course manuals)

Instructor for professional courses: (1) Petroleum Geology of Indonesia, (2) Petroleum

Geochemistry, (3) Petroleum System Analysis, (4) Tectonics and Structure, (5) Drilling Budget

Fieldtrip instructor for professionals and public

Associate Editor of AAPG Bulletin from 2006-2007

Awards: 2001 (Pertamina), 2002 (IAGI), 2003 (IPA), 2006 (IAGI), 2007 (IAGI), 2008 (HAGI), 2009

(BPMIGAS), 2010 (Pertamina), 2011 (IAGI)

Contact: ph. +62 812 1056 320, [email protected], [email protected]

Status : 28 February 2013
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Contents1. Basins Producing Oil and Gas

2. Regional Geology3. Proven Plays

4. Prospectivity

5. Exploration Risks


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4. Prospectivity



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PRODUCING BASIN

DRILLED BASIN, DISCOVERY

DRILLED BASIN, NO DISCOVERY

UNDRILLED BASIN


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6PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL

IHS (2008)

Discoveries of Indonesia


7/74Identified Oil and Gas Seeps with Oil and Gas Fields, Eastern Indonesia

mo d. after Liv sey et al. (1992)


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Regional Petroleum Highlightsmod. Charlton (2002)

Abadi, Masela

18 TCF gas

Donggi, Senoro,

Tiaka 2.5 TCF

gas, oil

Niengo 3.5 TCFgas,

biogenic

Buton asphalt

deposits, oil seeps

oil and gas seeps


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Putrohari (2012)

Discovered Volumetric to Exploration Well Density Show the

Highest Prospectivity of Eastern Indonesia


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306 Working Areas (74 producing areas + 232 exploration areas)

status 31 Desember 2012

Petroleum Working Areas of Indonesia


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4. Prospectivity



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Physiography of Eastern Indonesia


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Hall (1999)

Present Tectonic Setting of Indonesia mod. after Hall (1999)

Java

Sundaland

Sahul Land

Indian Oceanic PlateAu stral ian Plate

Pacif ic PlatePhil ip pin e Sea Plate

Eurasi an Plate


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Present Tectonic Setting of Eastern Indonesia

mod. after Hall (1999)


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mod. after Pertamina and Beicip (1982, 1985)


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Pertamina & Corelab (1999)


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Pertamina & Corelab (1999)


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Stratigraphic Summary of Eastern Indonesia Basins

mod. after Netherwood (2000)


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Eastern Indonesia, highlighting sedimentary cover Liv sey et al. (1992)


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4. Prospectivity



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Makassar Straits Transects

Mahakam DeltaSulawesi Fold Belt

Top Basement

W E

100 km

Sulawesi Fold Belt

PaternosterPlatform

Sulawesi Fold Belt

S N

Top Basement

Central High

100 km


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Gehe

m

Kutei-Tarakan-Makassar Straits: delta &

deep-water gravity structures, middle

Miocene-Pliocene sandstonesmo d. Guri tno et al. (2003)


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Late Inversion NW Axes Shelf/Slope Break with Ponded Sub-Basins

Fluvio-deltaic system(at least Middle Miocene to Present Day)

0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

Growth synclines

Slump detachment surfacebacksteepened by subsquenctyounger thrust sheets

Mayne Fault

Line 1439-S88 Line 439-S88 Line 98 rbuk-33

Basin

Floor

Hinge Line

Kantil

Trough

Eni Indonesia

Total EP Indonesie

Tarakan-West Sulawesi Sea Basins: growth faulting and deep-water sandstones

KuteiNorth Makassar Basins: deltaic anticlinorium, gravity toe thrusting


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Pertamina BPPKA (1996)

East Sengkang:

late Miocene

Tacipi reefs

Grainge and Davies (1983)


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Petroleum in Collision Zones

Seram

Senoro-Toil i &Mat indok Block s

is situated where micro-continents colliding each other

Buton


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WEST EAST

Foreland basin development of Banggai-Sula Basin

BANGGAI-SULA

BANGGAI-SULA

EAST SULAWESI

EAST SULAWESI

mod. Garrard et al. (1988)


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LEGEND PLAY TYPES DISCOVERY / ANALOG

A MIOCENE REEFAL BUILD-UP SENORO, DONGGI, MINAHAKI

B MIOCENE CARBONATES ON WRENCH-RELATED STRUCTURE MATINDOK-1

C MIOCENE CARBONATES ON IMBRICATED STRUCTURES TIAKA, KALOMBA

D OPHIOLITE BELT (BASAL SAND OR FRACTURED RESERVOIR) DONGKALA-1 (SHOWS)

E MESOZOIC SECTION ON IMBRICATED STRUCTURE OSEIL-1 OF SERAM (ANALOG)

F MESOZOIC SECTION IN GRABEN STRUCTURE LOKU-1 OF SULA (ANALOG)

NW

SE

Plio-Pleistocene Celebes molasse

Granitic BasementpossibleMesozoic

Miocene platform with patchreef

Ophiolite

A

B

C

E

F

D

Play Types of Banggai: fold-thrust belts

and foreland reefs, Miocene Tomori-

Mantawa carbonates and reefsmod. Pertamina & Medco


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WNW ESE

Collision history of the Buton-Tukang Besi micro-continent

Nolan et al. (1989), Davidson (1991)


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Asphalt

Oil Stain

Liquid Oil

Buton: Widely Distributed Oil Shows

Japex (2009)


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Regional Papua

Hamilton (1979)

Packham (1996)


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A

B

A

B

Satyana (2003, 2007)

Salawati Basin: foreland late Miocene Kais reefs

Satyana et al. (2000)

Santa Fe (1999)


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Schematic Sections & 3D Diagrams of Salawati Basin Evolution

Satyana (2001) Satyana (2003)


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Structural elements map of the Birds Head area

Yudhanto & Pasaribu (2012)

Permian and Jurassic Petroleum System


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Permian and Jurassic Petroleum System

lli i f d i d d f


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OSullivan et al. (1985)

Collision of Seram and Birds Head of Papua


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Hill (2005)

Origin of the Seram Collisional Orogen : Late Miocene - Recent


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Kemp (1995)

Seram: imbricated structures of Seram collision

(Fractured Middle Jurassic Manusela oolitic limestones)


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Australian sedimentary basins


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Barber et al. (2003)

NW Shelf of

Australia, Arafura-

Timor Sea: faulted

drape folds on

horsts, Middle

Jurassic Plover

sandstones


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Akuts u (2010)


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Pertamina and Corelab (1998)

EXPLORATION PLAY TYPES MESOZOIC-PALEOZOIC EASTERN INDONESIA


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mod. Nayoan et al. (1991)

EXPLORATION PLAY TYPES MESOZOIC-PALEOZOIC EASTERN INDONESIA


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EXPLORATION PLAY TYPES MESOZOIC PALEOZOIC EASTERN INDONESIA

mod. Nayoan et al. (1991)


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2. Regional Geology

3. Proven Plays

4. Prospectivity



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There will be significant discoveries in Indonesia as long as the companies

keep exploring, do not easily give up to failures, and the GOI support them.

Proven (20 %) and Prospective (80 %) Petroleum Areas in Indonesia

Howes & Tisnawijaya (1995)


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Howes and Tisnawijaya (1995)

Prospective Areas for Exploration in Eastern in Indonesia


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Opportunity : Eastern Indonesia (1)

Eastern Indonesia is considered to be under-explored, with many basins

have not yet been drilled. This is because of deep water, poor

infrastructure, remote onshore location, and a poor understanding of the

geology.

Eastern Indonesia, with the exception of the Tertiary in Seram, Salawati,

and Bintuni basins, has been designated a frontier area with improved PSC

terms. For this reason, coupled with recent commercial hydrocarbon

discoveries, the basins of Eastern Indonesia are much more attractive tothe explorers than in the past.


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Backed by Mesozoic success in Seram, Bintuni, Timor Sea, NW Shelf of Australia,

the Mesozoic has come to the foreground as the preferred exploration play in

Eastern Indonesia.

Late Permian and Jurassic sediments demonstrate excellent oil and gas source

potential. Deltaic coaly and shallow-marine source facies are developed at variousstratigraphic levels.

Thick fluvio-deltaic and shallow-marine reservoir sands of the post-break up

succession provide the main reservoirs in the Timor Sea and the Bintuni basin.

The Arafura Sea to the east of the Timor Sea is stratigraphically and structurally

similar to the Timor Sea. These areas offer great promise for petroleum. Aru-Arafura waters has also potential of Lower Paleozoic petroleum super-system.


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Western Sulawesi is unique in that it is a part of the Sundaland and not, as in most

potential Eastern Indonesia hydrocarbon provinces, a fragment of the Australian

craton. Western Sulawesi, therefore, demonstrates a syn-rift sequence similar to

Western Indonesia basins with known potential lacustrine and deltaic source rocks and

reservoirs. It also has proven Miocene carbonate reservoirs with small, but commercial

gas reserves to be used for local power generation. Untested Kais carbonate buid ups are recognized offshore in the Salawati basin both

west and southwest of Salawati Island and may in the Sele Strait.

Thrusted Neogene carbonates and early Cretaceous sandstones may also demonstrate

potential in the Lengguru and Central Papua fold belts and Banggai-Sula basin in

Eastern Sulawesi as proved by Tiaka, Minahaki, Senoro, and Donggi; and fields in fold-

thrust belts and foreland in Papua New Guinea.

Shallow plays like foreland deposits of Pleistocene Fufa sandstones in Seram are also

possible in other basins (Klasaman in Salawati basin, Steenkool in Bintuni basin) where

there has been late Neogene shedding of tectonic molasse.


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Fields of eastern Kalimantan onshore andoffshore

Expected reefal buildups of the Makassar Straits

Will success in eastern Kalimantan on- & off-shore occur in

western Sulawesi on- & offshore ?


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Extension

Dispersion of Eastern

Sundaland by opening

of the Makassar Strait,middle Eocene-early

Miocene (45-21 Ma)

Satyana (2003)


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Kalimantan-Makassar Strait-West Sulawesi Chronostratigraphy

Bacheller III et al. (2011)

Emerging Proven Play: Eocene drape fold


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thick-skinned

tectonics

Neogene &

inverted

Paleogene

Neogene thin-skinned tectonics in fold-thrust belt;

Paleogene rifted Basement

on horst block of Makassar Straits

Kaluku-1 case, oil discovery well, Kuma Block

Kaluku-1 discovery

Formation of Papuas Central Ranges


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Hall (2007)

Formation of Papua s Central Ranges

Formation of Papuas Central Ranges


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Hall (2007)

Formation of Papua s Central Ranges

Emerging Proven Play


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Central Ranges of PNG:

fold-thrust belt and

foreland faulted folds,Early Cretaeous Toro-

Woniwogi sandstones

3,100 MMBOE and 320

MMBOE discovered to

date in fold-thrust beltand foreland basin,

respectively; emerging

plays in Indonesias

Central Ranges and

foreland

McConachie et al. (2000)

for Indonesia


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Eisenberg (1993)

Deformation of the Indonesias Papua Central Range

Granath and Argakoesoemah (1993)

Kendrick and Hill (2002)


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Australian Passive Margin & Banda Arc Collision


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Gorontalo Basin Prospectivity

Jablonski (2007)


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Rifted Structures of the Bone Basin

oil seeps oil seeps oil seeps


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Toothill & Lamb (2009)

Sumba Structures and Oil Seeps

Satyana and Purwaningsih (2011)


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Seismic section crossing NW Shelf of Australia to Banda ArcBarber et al. (2003)

Seismic section crossing Southwest Timor showing

similar configuration with Abadi Field

Petroleum System Semai Area Berau Basin


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Petroleum System Semai Area, Berau Basin

2 sec

4 sec

6 sec

8 sec

11 sec

Paleo Graben

Jablonski (2007)


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Contents

1. Basins Producing Oil and Gas

2. Regional Geology

3. Proven Plays

4. Prospectivity


Challenges: Frontier Exploration


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15 wells drilled: 2 gas & oil

discovery, 11 dry, 2 MT

3 wells drilled: 3 dry

1 well drilled in each

block: all dry

27 wells have been drilled since 2009: 6 wells discovered gas and oil (24 % technical SR)

basemap from IHS (2008)

3 wells drilled: 3 gas

1 well drilled: 1 dry

1 well drilled: 1 oil

1 well drilled: 1 dry


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Risk and Expected Reserve Size in Exploration Activities

mod. after Sujanto and Hartoyo (1994)

Eastern

Indonesia

Pre-Tertiary

Basins/ Plays

Tertiary Basins/ Plays

Factor Affecting Oil Business Environment


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BusinessEnvironment

LimitedExploration Fund

Volatile Oil Price

ComplicatedPetroleum

Agreement

Ageing Facilities,More Complex

Operations

SmallerDiscoveries

IncreasingGeological Risk/Frontier/ Virgin

MatureExploration/Low

Prospectivity

IncreasingEnvironmental

Concerns

ExternalCompetition/Fiscal TermIncreasingCompetition

Merger/Acquisitions

Increasing Cost

Factor Affecting Oil Business Environment

internal company external geologic


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Howes (2000)


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We are running out of petroleum when our geologists

are running out of their ideas or pessimistic or their

managers are afraid of failures and starting thinking

economy since the beginning of exploration.

my 25 year- experience & observation

Wallace Everette Pratt (1885-1981)

Oil is found in the

minds of men


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Thank you for your attention.

[email protected],

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]

Exploring Eastern Indonesia UGM March 2013 REDdd

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