Events Leading to the Civil War
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Transcript of Events Leading to the Civil War
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Events Leading to Events Leading to the Civil Warthe Civil War
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Between 1800 and 1850, what Between 1800 and 1850, what region developed an industrial region developed an industrial
economy based on economy based on manufacturing?manufacturing?
•The North
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Which region favored Which region favored highhigh protective tariffs? protective tariffs?
•The NorthThe North
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Define protective Define protective tariffs.tariffs.
• Taxes on imports which are so high that Americans cannot afford to buy foreign goods
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What was the basis of the South’s economy?
•Agriculture (Farming)
•Plantations that used slave labor
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Did the South support Did the South support or oppose high tariffs?or oppose high tariffs?
•OpposedOpposed
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Why did the South Why did the South oppose high tariffs?oppose high tariffs?•Made manufactured Made manufactured goods more goods more expensiveexpensive
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As the U.S. expanded As the U.S. expanded westward, what conflict westward, what conflict
threatened to tear the threatened to tear the country apart?country apart?
•SlaverySlavery
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Define Define abolitionists.abolitionists.
• People who wanted to People who wanted to abolish (end) slavery abolish (end) slavery immediatelyimmediately
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Who was one of the Who was one of the most important most important
abolitionistabolitionist leaders? leaders?
•William Lloyd William Lloyd GarrisonGarrison
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What was the name of What was the name of the antislavery the antislavery
newspaper in Boston?newspaper in Boston?
•The Liberator
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Who published The Liberator?
•William Lloyd William Lloyd GarrisonGarrison
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Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
•Harriet Beecher Harriet Beecher StoweStowe
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Describe Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
•An antislavery novel
•Told the cruelties of slavery
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How did UncleUncle Tom’s Cabin affect the North?
• Made Northern abolitionists mad
• Caused many more Northerners to support the Abolitionist movement
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How did the Abolitionist movement
affect Southerners?
•Frightened them
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What kind of rebellions did
Southerners fear?
•Slave Rebellions
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Who was Gabriel Prosser?
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• African-American slave
• Planned a slave revolt in Richmond, Va.
• Revolt crushed by Va. militia
• Prosser and 35 slaves were executed
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Who was Nat Turner?
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• An African-American slave
• Led a slave revolt in Southampton County, Va.
• Killed 55 whites
• 100+ blacks were killed
• Turner was captured and executed
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What were two effects of Nat Turner’s Rebellion?
• Increased Southern fears of Slave Rebellions
• Southern states passed stricter slave codes
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Who proposed the Missouri
Compromise?
•Henry Clay
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What were the 3 parts of the Missouri
Compromise?
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• Missouri became a slave state• Maine became a free state• Louisiana Territory was
divided at the 36 degree, 30 minute parallel; north of the line must be free territory; south of the line could be slave territory
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How many U.S. senators does each
state have?
•Two
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What balance did the What balance did the Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise
maintain?maintain?
• Balance of power in Balance of power in SenateSenate between the between the NorthNorth and the and the SouthSouth
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Who proposed the Who proposed the Compromise of 1850?Compromise of 1850?
•Henry ClayHenry Clay
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Who have historians called the “Great Compromiser”?
•Henry Clay
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What were the key points of the Compromise of
1850?
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• California became a free state
• Stronger fugitive slave law
• Abolished the slave trade, but not slavery itself, in the District of Columbia
• Created the Utah and New Mexico territories; decide slavery by popular sovereignty
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What did the new What did the new Fugitive Slave Fugitive Slave
Act do?Act do?
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• Made it easier for slave Made it easier for slave catchers to capture and catchers to capture and return runaway slaves return runaway slaves
• Required escaped slaves Required escaped slaves to be forcibly returned to to be forcibly returned to their owners in the Souththeir owners in the South
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Who hated the Who hated the Fugitive Slave Act?Fugitive Slave Act?
•NorthernersNortherners
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What was popular sovereignty?
• The people of a territory would decide whether they wanted slavery
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Who proposed the Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Kansas-Nebraska
Act?Act?
•Stephen Douglas, Stephen Douglas, Democrat (Illinois)Democrat (Illinois)
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What is a bill?What is a bill?
•A proposed lawA proposed law
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What is an act?What is an act?
•A Law
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Identify the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
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• Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska
• Said popular sovereignty would decide slavery in both Kansas and Nebraska
• Since both Kansas and Nebraska were north of the Missouri Compromise line, the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise
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What effect did the Kansas-Nebraska Act have on the Missouri Compromise?
• The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise.
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What broke out in the Kansas Territory?
• Civil war between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers
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What adjective was used to describe Kansas in the
mid-1850s?
•Bleeding Kansas
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What political party was formed in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska
Act?
• The Republican Party
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What were the two major results of the
Kansas-Nebraska Act?
•Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas
•Republican PartyRepublican Party
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What was the Supreme Court’s
decision in the Dred Scott case?
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• Since Dred Scott was a slave, he could not sue in federal court
• African-Americans were not citizens of the United States
• Since Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
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What did the Dred Scott decision say about the
Missouri Compromise?
• The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
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What power did the Supreme Court use in Dred
Scott v. Sandford?
•The power of judicial review
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In Dred Scott v. Sandford did the Supreme Court rule that Scott should
remain a slave or gain his freedom?
•Remain a slave
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Which section liked the Dred Scott decision, the
North or the South?
•The South
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Which group(s) liked the Dred Scott decision?
• Abolitionists?
• Republicans?
• Slaves?
• Slaveholders?
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Slaveholders
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Who ran for the U.S. Who ran for the U.S. Senate against Stephen Senate against Stephen
Douglas in 1858?Douglas in 1858?
•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln
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In the Lincoln-Douglas In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who supported debates who supported popular sovereignty?popular sovereignty?
•Stephen Douglas
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In the Lincoln-Douglas In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who said, “A debates who said, “A
house divided against itself house divided against itself cannot stand”?cannot stand”?
•Abraham Lincoln
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In the Lincoln-Douglas In the Lincoln-Douglas debates who said the U.S. debates who said the U.S.
could could notnot continue continue half-free and half-slave?half-free and half-slave?
•Abraham Lincoln
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Who won the 1858 Senate election in
Illinois?
•Stephen Douglas
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In the 1850s what was In the 1850s what was the North increasingly the North increasingly
against?against?
•The Spread of Slavery to the West
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By the end of the 1850s, what By the end of the 1850s, what did Southerners argue states did Southerners argue states
could do?could do?
• States could nullify laws passed by Congress
• States could secede from the Union
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What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to state to nullifynullify a law? a law?
•Void it
•Do Away with it
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What did it mean for a state to secede?
•Leave the UnionLeave the Union
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Who gave the “House Divided” speech in the
1858 Illinois Senate election campaign?
•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln