Essential Question #8 How did physical location lead to the development and success of the Indus...
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![Page 1: Essential Question #8 How did physical location lead to the development and success of the Indus River Valley civilization?](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072012/56649e3f5503460f94b2fe46/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Essential Question #8
How did physical location lead to the development and success of the Indus River Valley civilization?
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Ancient India
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Physical Geography Subcontinent – large landmass that is smaller
than a continent Mountains
– Himalayas– Hindu Kush– Eastern and Western Ghats
Rivers– Indus– Ganges– Brahmaputra
Thar Desert Deccan Plateau
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Climate
Mostly hot and humid Monsoon – large wind that often brings
lots of rain– Can rain as much as 100 – 200 inches– Causes flooding which deposits silt
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First Peoples of India Harappans
– Two large, well-planned cities, Harappa and Mohenjo Daro
– Mud brick houses with indoor plumbing– Developed a system of weights and measures– Civilization disappeared around 1700 BC
Aryans– Took power after the Harrapans– Skilled warriors led by rajas– Sanskrit – ancient Indian language– Created Hinduism
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Aryan Society
Divided into groups based on occupation Strict rules governed how groups could
interact Four main varnas or social classes
– Brahmins- priests– Kshariyas- rulers and warriors– Vaisyas- farmers, craftspeople, traders– Sudras- laborers and non-Aryans
Interaction between the varnas became stricter over time leading to the caste system
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The Caste System
Divided Indian society into groups based on a person’s birth, wealth, or occupation
The caste to which a person belonged determined his or her place in society.
Each caste could only associate with members of their caste. EX: could not marry someone of another caste or even eat with someone of another caste
Socializing with another caste resulted in a person becoming untouchable