English 9 Mr. Rinka - Lesson #36 6 Difficult Verbs The Novel & Introduction to Call of the Wild.

English 9Mr. Rinka - Lesson #36

6 Difficult VerbsThe Novel &

Introduction to Call of the Wild

6 Difficult VerbsThe following pairs of verbs are very confusing in meaning, use and principle parts.

lie & laysit & set

rise & raise

lie & laylie means “to rest” or “to remain in a specific position.” (never has a direct object)”

lay means “to put something in a specific place.” (usually has a direct object)

Principle Parts of lie & lay

Base Form

Present Participle

Past Past Participle

lie(to rest)lay(to put)

(is) lying

(is) laying

Lay

laid

(have) lain

(have) laid

lie & layEvery afternoon I lie down for a short nap.

Exhausted, Bill is lying on the floor.

I lay in bed all day yesterday.

I have lain in bed until 9:00 every day this week.

lie & layPlease lay your books on the desk.

I am laying tiles on the floor.

I laid my wallet on the bureau.

I have laid floor tiles for five years.

Lie/Lay Exercises

http://www.towson.edu/ows/exerciselie_lay2.htm




Sit & SetSit means “to settle in a seated, upright position.” (almost never has a direct object)

Set means “to put something into a place.” ( usually has a direct object)

Principle Parts of sit & set

BaseForm

Present Participle


sit (to rest)set(to put)

(is) sitting

(is) setting

sat

set

(have) sat

(have) set

Sit & SetWe sit in class every day.

Bill is sitting on the sofa.

I sat in the office waiting room.

I have sat in the same chair all year.

Sit & SetPlease set your hat on the table.

Mother is setting a place for you at the table.

We set our date for the party yesterday.

The workers have set the stones in place.

Sit/Set Exercises

http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/sitsetseat.html

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/sit-set.html



Rise & RaiseRise means “to go up” or “to get up.” (almost never has a direct object)

Raise means “to lift up” or “to cause something to rise.” (usually has a direct object)

Principle Parts of rise & raise

BaseForm

Present Participle


rise(to go up)raise(to lift up)

(is) rising

(is) raising

rose

raised

(have) risen

(have) raised

Rise & RaiseThe sun rises in the East.

The temperature outside is rising.

The Phoenix rose from the ashes.

She has risen early every day this week.

Rise & RaiseMany farmers raise several crops.

We are raising vegetables in our garden.

Only one student raised her hand.

Recent accidents have raised questions about safety.

Rise/Raise Exercises

http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/raise-rise.html

http://www.quia.com/quiz/287248.html



The Novel

A long (50,000 words +) fictional narrative that involves a main plot and several subplots with a variety of characters who advance the plots.Novelists use many literary devices and different writing styles.

The Call of the Wildhttp://www.sparknotes.com/lit/call

Author Jack LondonBorn in California in Jan. 1876. Grew up poor.

Finished the 8th grade and quit.Avid reader who was self-educated.Became an adventurer. (pirate and tramp)

http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/call


Returned to Oakland and finished high school.Started college but quit in 1897 to go North.Joined gold rush to Yukon.Did not get rich, but he had interesting experiences – subjects for his writing.



The Call of the WildLondon lived as a writer, adventurer, husband, father and celebrity.A Novel about a dog’s adventures.Written in the early 1900’s in California. Published as a serial in The Saturday Evening Post from 6/20– 7/18, 1903.



Story takes place in the late 1800’s.The setting shifts from California to Alaska and the Yukon.It is told from the dog’s perspective.The dog, Buck, is the protagonist.The story is about Buck’s struggles to survive against man and nature.



CharactersBuck is a dog that is half St. Bernard and half sheepdog. He is stolen and sold as a sled dog. He learns to adapt to the cruel harsh life in the Yukon.



CharactersJohn Thornton is a gold prospector who saves Buck’s life and earns Buck’s loyalty. They establish an ideal master dog relationship which challenges Buck’s desire to return to the wild.



CharactersSpitz is a fierce dog and rival of Buck’s. He fights for survival without concern of right or wrong. Buck is superior in cunning to him.



CharactersFrancois is a French Canadian who delivers mail and buys Buck for his sled team. He is good and fair to Buck.



CharactersPerrault is also French Canadian who along with Francois trains Buck to be a sled dog. (both Francois and Perrault speak with accents)



CharactersHal is an American who comes to the North with his sister and brother-in-law in search of gold. He is very inexperienced and not capable of surviving in the wild. He buys Buck but is not a good master.



CharactersMercedes is Hal’s sister who is spoiled and totally unprepared to survive in the wild. She is at first, however, sympathetic to the sled dogs.


CharactersCharles is Mercedes’ husband and is equally incapable of survival in the harsh elements of the North.


CharactersDave is a dog on buck’s sled team who is determined to continue pulling the sled even though he is ill.


CharactersSol-leks is an experienced dog in Buck’s sled team.


CharactersCurly is also a dog, and she is a friend of Buck’s. Her death teaches Buck of the harsh life and cruel nature of the wild.


CharactersJudge Miller is Buck’s first owner who with his family love and pamper Buck before Buck has to face the uncivilized world.


CharactersManuel is Judge Miller’s gardener who steals Buck and sells him to pay off a gambling debt.

Lie/Lay Exercises



Sit/Set Exercises

http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/sitsetseat.html


Rise/Raise Exercises

http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/raise-rise.html


The Call of the Wild


English 9 Mr. Rinka - Lesson #36 6 Difficult Verbs The Novel & Introduction to Call of the Wild.

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