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Transcript of Elia Kazan Film Festival Catalog
FESTIVAL CATALOGAn Elia Kazan Film Festival
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1ELIA KAZAN
Biography 9
Filmograhy 13
Awards 16
Interview 18
CHAPTER 2THE FESTIVAL
Directions 34
Attractions 36
Dining 37
Lodging 38
Festival 40
Schedule 40
Featured Films
A Tree Grows In Brooklyn 42
The Sea Of Grass 46
Pinky 50
A Streetcar Named Desire 54
Splendor In The Grass 58
4 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 5E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E4 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
Elia KazanCHAPTER ONE
4 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 5E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 5
One of the most honored and infl uential
directors in broadway and hollywood history.
—New York Times
6 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 7
E WAS BORN IN ISTANBUL, to Cappadocian Greek parents. After studying
acting at Yale, he acted professionally for eight years, later joining the
Group Theater in 1932, and co-founded the Actors Studio in 1947.
With Robert Lewis and Cheryl Crawford, he introduced Method acting to the
American stage and cinema as a new form of self-expression and psychological
“realism.” Kazan acted in only a few films, including City for Conquest (1940).
H
BIOGRAPHY
8 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 9E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
KAZAN INTRODUCED A NEW GENERATION of unknown young actors to the
movie audiences, including Marlon Brando and James Dean. Noted for drawing
out the best dramatic performances from his actors, he directed 21 actors to
Oscar nominations, resulting in nine wins. He became “one of the consummate
filmmakers of the 20th century” after directing a string of successful films,
including A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), On the Waterfront (1954), and
East of Eden (1955). During his career, he won two Oscars as Best Director and
received an Honorary Oscar, won three Tony Awards, and four Golden Globes.
Among the other actors he introduced to movie audiences were Warren Beatty,
Carroll Baker, Julie Harris, Andy Griffith, Lee Remick, Rip Torn, Eli Wallach,
Eva Marie Saint, Martin Balsam, Fred Gwynne, and Pat Hingle.
HIS FILMS WERE CONCERNED WITH personal or social issues of special concern
to him. Kazan writes, “I don’t move unless I have some empathy with the basic
theme.” His first such “issue” film was Gentleman’s Agreement (1947), with
Gregory Peck, which dealt with anti-Semitism in America. It received 8 Oscar
nominations and 3 wins, including Kazan’s first for Best Director. It was followed
by Pinky, one of the first films to address racial prejudice against blacks. In
1954, he directed On the Waterfront, a film about union corruption on the
New York harbor waterfront, which some consider “one of the greatest films
in the history of international cinema.” A Streetcar Named Desire (1951),
an adaptation of the stage play which he had also directed, received 12 Oscar
nominations, winning 4, and was Marlon Brando’s breakthrough role. In 1955,
he directed John Steinbeck’s East of Eden, which introduced James Dean to
movie audiences, making him an overnight star.
8 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 9E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
A TURNING POINT IN KAZAN’S career came with his
testimony as a “friendly witness” before the House
Committee on Un-American Activities in 1952 at the
time of the Hollywood blacklist, which brought him
strong negative reactions from many liberal friends and
colleagues. Kazan later explained that he took “only the
more tolerable of two alternatives that were either way
painful and wrong.” Kazan influenced the films of the
1950s and ‘60s with his provocative, issue-driven subjects.
Director Stanley Kubrick called him, “without question,
the best director we have in America, [and] capable of
performing miracles with the actors he uses.” Film author
Ian Freer concludes that “if his achievements are tainted
by political controversy, the debt Hollywood—and actors
everywhere—owes him is enormous.” In 2010, Martin
Scorsese co-directed the documentary film A Letter to Elia
as a personal tribute to Kazan.
10 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 11
KAZAN CHOOSES HIS SUBJECTS TO express personal and social events that he is
familiar with. He describes his thought process before taking on a project:
I don’t move unless I have some empathy with the basic theme. In some way the channel
of the fi lm should also be in my own life. I start with an instinct. With “East of Eden”
... it’s really the story of my father and me, and I didn’t realize it for a long time... In
some subtle or not-so-subtle way, every fi lm is autobiographical. A thing in my life is
expressed by the essence of the fi lm. Then I know it experientially, not just mentally.
I’ve got to feel that it’s in some way about me, some way about my struggles, some way
about my pain, my hopes.
FILM HISTORIAN JOANNA E. RAPF notes that among the methods Kazan used in
his work with actors, was his initial focus on “reality”, although his style was not
defined as “naturalistic.” She adds: “He respects his script, but casts and directs
with a particular eye for expressive action and the use of emblematic objects.”
Kazan himself states that “unless the character is somewhere in the actor himself,
you shouldn’t cast him.”
IN HIS LATER YEARS HE changed his mind about some of the philosophy behind the
Group Theater, in that he no longer felt that the theater was a “collective art,” as he
once believed:
To be successful it should express the vision, the conviction, and the insistent
presence of one person.
FILM AUTHOR PETER BISKIND DESCRIBED Kazan’s career as “fully committed to art
and politics, with the politics feeding the work.” Kazan, however, has downplayed
that impression:
I don’t think basically I’m a political animal. I think I’m a self-centered
animal... I think what I was concerned about all my life was to say something
artistically that was uniquely my own.
FILMOGRAHY
12 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
19371937 1945 1947 1949
The
Peop
le o
f the
Cum
berla
nd
A T
ree
Gro
ws
in B
roo
kly
n
Wat
chto
wer O
ver T
omor
row
Th
e S
ea o
f G
rass
Boom
eran
g!
Gen
tlem
an’s
Agr
eem
ent
Pin
ky
Featured Films in Festival
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 13
19761957 1960 1961 1963 1969 1972 19761950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956
Pani
c in
the
Stre
ets
A S
tree
tcar
Nam
ed D
esir
e
Viva
Zap
ata!
Man
on
a Ti
ghtro
pe
On
the
Wat
erfro
nt
East
of E
den
Baby
Dol
l
A Fa
ce in
the
Crow
d
Wild
Riv
er
Sp
len
do
r in
th
e G
rass
Amer
ica
Amer
ica
The
Arra
ngem
ent
The
Visi
tors
The
Last
Tyco
on
14 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
GOLDEN GLOBESUSA
W O N
1948 Best Motion Picture Director
Gentleman’s Agreement (1947)
W O N
1955 Best Director
On the Waterfront (1954)
W O N
1957 Best Motion Picture Director
Baby Doll (1956)
W O N
1964 Best Motion Picture Director
America America (1963)
BERLIN INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL
GERMANY
W O N
1953 Special Prize of the Senate of Berlin
Man on a Tightrope (1953)
N O M I N AT E D
1960 Golden Berlin Bear
Wild River (1960)
W O N
1996 Honorary Golden Berlin Bear
BODIL AWARDSGERMANY
W O N
1955 Best American Film
On the Waterfront (1954)
W O N
1958 Best American Film
East of Eden (1955) CANNES FILM
FESTIVALFRANCE
N O M I N AT E D
1947 Feature films
Boomerang! (1947)
N O M I N AT E D
1952 Grand Prize of the Festival
Viva Zapata! (1952)
W O N
1955 Best Dramatic Film
East of Eden (1955)
N O M I N AT E D
1955 Palme d’Or
East of Eden (1955)
N O M I N AT E D
1972 Palme d’Or
The Visitors (1972)
WRITERS GUILD OF AMERICA
USA
N O M I N AT E D
1964 Best Written American Drama
America America (1963)
AWARDS
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 15
BLUE RIBBON AWARDS
GERMANY
W O N
1956 Blue Ribbon Award
Best Foreign Language Film
East of Eden (1955)
DIRECTORS GUILD OF AMERICA
USA
N O M I N AT E D
1952 Outstanding Directorial Achievement
in Motion Pictures
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
N O M I N AT E D
1953 Outstanding Directorial Achievement
in Motion Pictures
Viva Zapata! (1952)
W O N
1955 Outstanding Directorial Achievement
in Motion Pictures
On the Waterfront (1954)
Shared with:
Charles H. Maguire (assistant director) (plaque)
N O M I N AT E D
1956 Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures
East of Eden (1955)
N O M I N AT E D
1958 Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures
A Face in the Crowd (1957)
NATIONAL BOARD OF REVIEW
USA
W O N
1947 Best Director
Boomerang! (1947)
Gentleman’s Agreement (1947)
W O N
1996 Special Citation
For lifetime achievement in direction.
NEW YORK FILM CRITICS CIRCLE
AWARDSUSA
W O N
1947 Best Director
Gentleman’s Agreement (1947)
Boomerang! (1947)
W O N
1951 Best Director
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
W O N
1954 Best Director
On the Waterfront (1954)
2 N D P L A C E
1956 Best Director
Baby Doll (1956)
VENICE FILM FESTIVAL
ITALY
N O M I N AT E D
1948 Grand International Award
Gentleman’s Agreement (1947)
W O N
1950 International Award
Panic in the Streets (1950)
N O M I N AT E D
1950 Golden Lion
Panic in the Streets (1950)
W O N
1951 Special Jury Prize
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
N O M I N AT E D
1951 Golden Lion
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
W O N
1954 OCIC Award
On the Waterfront (1954)
W O N
1954 Silver Lion
On the Waterfront (1954)
W O N
1954 Pasinetti Award
On the Waterfront (1954)
N O M I N AT E D
1954 Golden Lion
On the Waterfront (1954)
16 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
INTERVIEW
With George Stevens. Jr. on October 8, 1973
IN A FILM WHAT YOU’RE trying to do is to lay down the basic behavior patterns
of a person. For example, I’m now doing The Last Tycoon. Robert Niro is playing
Monroe Stahr, an urban Jew, an intellectual who was born with a rheumatic
heart, who dresses up to his role as the head of the studio. Bobby has never
played anything but a street-smart kid. Bobby has never played an educated
part, an executive who could run a studio. So I’ve been doing improvisations
with him in an office, which is as near to the set as can be, and he’s got a
secretary and an assistant secretary and four or five people coming in, waiting
in his anteroom, each of whom has a different demand on him at the same time.
The phone never stops ringing.
I’VE IMPRESSED ON BOBBY THAT what he says is never a comment; it’s an
instruction which someone has to do something about. For several days on the
set I’ve harassed the hell out of De Niro. I’ve made him feel that his life is at
the mercy of his anteroom, that he’s a victim of the phone. I’ve now got him
realizing what it means to be an executive, how he has to talk without shouting,
showing only the extreme clarity of his mind, the depth of his instructions, and
that he has a certain severity in dealing with his problems, and that he’s not to
be thwarted or challenged or denied In the improvisations, I’ve tried to use the
actors whom I’m going to use in the movie so he’ll begin to get familiar with the
world he’s going to move in.
As a theater-trained director,
what difference do you find in
working with actors in film?
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 17
I’VE ALSO TRIED TO GET Bobby to think like an intellectual, to consider
things in ambivalence, to see more than one side of something. Also, I’ve kept
him away from the actress who’s playing Kathleen, an ethereal o unearthly
figure. If he becomes too familiar with her it’ll hurt the scenes when we shoot
them. So he’s been instructed by me not to chat with her, not to make friends
with her, not to go around with her, not to have dinner with her, but to keep her
at a distance. However, the other girl, Cecilia, is all over him. She’s become a
sort of a nuisance to him, so she’s pressing at him all the time. He’s so familiar
with her that he has the basis psychologically for saying, “I never thought of you
that way.”
SO WHAT AM I DOING? I’m building up behavior patterns. In a play, you have
two have two and a half weeks to prepare. Somewhere in the third week
everyone descends on you with the sets and the costumes and their worries.
Everyone comes after you, saying this is not working, that is not working. You
have to be very strong and very clear about what you want, because one of the
first things you have to do is mount the play. I take much longer than most.
I don’t do it until the end of the second week. A lot of anxious directors do it
earlier, and maybe they’re right. Garson Kanin has a run-through after two days.
I just don’t believe in that. No play is per fect, and you’re going to make changes
in it. You may also go out on the road with it. You’re trying out the play, not just
the performances.
SAM SPIEGEL, WHO’S PRODUCING The Last Tycoon, worked a year and a half
with Harold Pinter on the script. Pinter is one of the most ambiva lent men I
know. His favorite word is constraint, and his next-favorite stage direction is
“Pause.” I made up my mind to do the script as written and not fool around with
the dialogue. So here I’m not trying out the play anymore. I’m trying to do what
the French call “realize” the play. It’s a very apt word. You do realize it. You
bring it to life.
18 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 19E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E18 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
18 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 19E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 19
“So I became a fi lm director out of admiration, out of wanting to be like that—hero worship.”
20 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 21E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
I GUESS SO. I DON’T give a damn, though.
THE UNWRITTEN PREMISE OF EVERY director, in my opinion, is this—if it moves
me, it’s going to move other people. Sometimes a lot of other people, sometimes
a few other people. If you’re finally asking, whom do yo make them for? Well,
you make them for yourself. I think that’s the same reason painters paint.
I WAS JUST ANXIOUS TO make films. For a while I was the fair-haired boy of
Broadway, and I got a lot of offers from Warner Bros. and Metro and Fox. I liked
the producer at Fox best, and I committed myself. But it was much harder to get
into films then than it is now. There is a big road to films now called television.
A lot of film directors-Arthur Penn, Marty Ritt, John Frankenheimer—came
out of television. Television is sort of a training ground, although it’s a monster
training ground for a little job. But back then it was very hard to get into film, so
I just grabbed that opportunity.
THE FIRST ARTIST I ADMIRED in my life was Sergei Eisenstein. The second
man I admired was Alexander Dovzhenko and a picture called Air City, made
in 1935. These men were idols, and you are affected by your idols, as I was by
Renoir’s films. So I became a film director out of admiration, out of wanting to
be like that—hero worship. I think it’s the most wonderful art in the world.
Do you think that the more
personal you get in your
films, the more you lose your
dramatic objectivity?
For whom do you make
your films?
What made you take the
long trip from Broadway to
Hollywood back in 1944?
You already had a strong
interest in films?
20 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 21E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
22 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 23E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
THE KEY WORD IN ART—it’s an ugly word but it’s a necessary word—is power,
your own power. Power to say, “I’m going to bend you to my will.” However you
disguise it, you’re gripping someone’s throat. You’re saying, “My dear, this is the
way it’s going to be.” Whenever anybody blocks that, you have less power. So for
me I would say that things have gotten better, and they’re going to get better yet.
I had trouble with California financially because both America, America and
The Arrangement lost a fortune. I would say most of my films lost money,
except Splendor in the Grass, On the Waterfront and East of Eden. The studios
finally said, “If you leave him alone he’s liable to lose you a bundle.” So power
interests me very much. The guy with the greatest power in the world is Ingmar
Bergman, because he makes his films with few people and he makes them with
few sets. But read Bergman on Bergman and see how even he has to practically
crawl to someone in Stockholm and say, “What about this project? I want to
make this project.” It’s shocking that probably the most acclaimed director in
the world, along with Fellini, has to practically crawl, and the guy says, “No, you
can’t make it.” And Bergman says, “Well, look. I’ll make you two comedies after
I do that. Will that make it all right?’
YOU ARE DEALING WITH POWER in filmmaking, even with a low budget. I made
The Visitors for $165,000. The Last Tycoon costs $39,000 a day. Nobody would
put up money for The Visitors. I finally borrowed the money from a bank,
hocked some stuff, made an arrangement United Artists and did the film with a
crew of four. I did the properties, I arranged the sofas and the props. When there
was a pancake-eating scene, my son cooked the pancakes. He kept the books. I
made the film this way because I did not want to be terrorized by money. I went
to see Godard shoot A Woman Is a Woman in a room where there was barely
space to walk around in. He made that film for very little. When you reduce your
costs, you gain some power.
How has filmmaking changed
for you since those early days
at Fox?
22 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 23E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
I DON’T MOVE UNLESS I have some empathy with the basic theme. In some way
the channel of the film should also be in my own life. I start with an instinct.
With East of Eden I said, “I don’t know why it is but the last ninety pages of
Steinbeck’s book turn me on.” It’s really the story of my father and me, and I
didn’t realize it for a long time. When Paul Osborn and I began to work on the
screenplay, I realized that it’s just the way was. I was always the bad boy, but
I thought I was the good boy. In so subtle or not-so-subtle way, every film is
autobiographical. A thing in life is expressed by the essence of the film. Then
I know it experientially, not just mentally. I’ve got to feel that it’s in some way
about me, some way about my struggles, some way about my pain, my hopes.
What do you look for when
you consider doing a film?
24 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 25E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E24 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
24 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 25E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 25
An American society around 1880s to 1930s.
The FestivalCHAPTER TWO
26 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 27E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E26 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
You have to remind people of their own struggles.It’s a responsibility.
—Elia Kazan
26 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 27E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 27
28 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 29
HE FESTIVAL WILL FEATURE ELIA Kazan’s films that reflect American
society from the 1880s to the 1930s. The selected works are focusing on
women’s repressing situation in that era and their endeavoring efforts to live
their own life.
DURING THAT PERIOD IN THE United States, there were many social norms and
restriction imposed upon women, and those who wanted to live by their own
values had to endure some sacrifice in their lives.
THE GREAT HOLLYWOOD DIRECTOR ELIA Kazan was very concerned about social
issues in his films. He often condemned the repressive society and championed
vulnerable individuals, and the courageous women in these featuring movies
were his way of requsting justice in society.
AS HE WAS ALSO AN influential Broadway director and had moved his directed
stage play A Streetcar Named Desire into a renowned movie, this festival will
present a contemporary version of the stage play A Streetcar Named Desire
which is directed by Liv Ullmann.
THE DATE SEPTEMBER 7, 2009 is a hundred years after Elia Kazan was born,
which is also the closing night of this festival. There will be guests from the film
industry comes to share their story about Elia Kazan at the time.
SEPTEMBER 3–7, 2009HOLLYWOOD DOLBY THEATER
30 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 31E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
THIS FESTIVAL WILL BE HELD in Dolby Theater, a central location in Hollywood,
as a homage to this classic Hollywood director. It also named Kodak Theater, is
a live-performance auditorium in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. It has
been hosting the Oscars and many other awards ceremony since its opening on
November 9, 2001.
30 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 31E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
32 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 33E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
DIRECTIONS
Metro Rail
» Take the Metro Red Line towards Hollywood &
Highland.
» Exit Hollywood and Highland Station.
Escalators up and Walk West on Hollywood Blvd to
the arch of Dolby Theatre.
Dolby TheaterHollywood & Highland6801 Hollywood BlvdLos Angeles, CA 90028
32 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 33E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
34 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 35E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E34 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
ATTRACTIONS
TCL Chinese Theatre6925 Hollywood Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA
323.461.3331
Lucky Strike Lanes6801 Hollywood Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA
323.467.7776
Madame Tussauds Hollywood Wax Museum6933 Hollywood Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA
323.798.1670
El Capitan Theatre6838 Hollywood Blvd.
Los Angeles, CA
818.845.3110
*Tours available
Universal Studios Hollywood100 Universal City Plaza
Universal City, CA
818.622.3801
34 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 35E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 35
DINING
Boa Steakhouse
Type American
Price $$
9200 Sunset Blvd.
West Hollywood, CA 90069
310.278.2050
Craig’s
Type American
Price $$$
8826 Melrose Ave
West Hollywood, CA 90069
310.276.1900
Connie and Ted’s
Type American
Price $
8171 Santa Monica Blvd.
West Hollywood, CA 90046
323.848.2722
Ed’s Coffee Shop
Type American
Price $
460 N. Robertson Blvd.
West Hollywood, CA 90069
323.659.8625
Boxwood at the London
West Hollywood
Type American
Price $$$
The London West Hollywood 1020 N.
San Vicente Blvd.
West Hollywood, CA 90069
310.358.7788
Cavatina
Type American
Price $$
1200 Alta Loma Road
West Hollywood, CA 90069
310.358.3759
36 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
LODGING
1
5
3
7
2
6
4
8
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 37
1 Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel
7000 Hollywood Blvd.
Hollywood, CA
323.466.7000
2 Loews Hollywood Hotel
1755 N. Highland Avenue
Hollywood, CA
323.856.1200
3 Hilton Garden Inn
2005 N. Highland Avenue
Hollywood, CA
323.876.8600
4 W Hollywood
6250 Hollywood Blvd.
Hollywood, CA
323.798.1300
5 The Redbury Hollywood
1717 Vine Street,
Los Angeles, CA 90028
323.962.1717
6 Saharan Motor Hotel
7212 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA
90046
7 Hollywood Orchid Suites
1753 Orchid Ave,
Hollywood, Los Angeles, CA 90028
323.874.9678
8 The Blvd Hotel & Suites
2010 N. Highland Avenue
Hollywood, CA
323.874.4300
38 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
2:30pm – 5:30pm
F ILM
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn
7:00pm – 9:00pm
EVENT
Opening Night
2:30pm – 5:30pm
F ILM
The Sea of Grass
7:00pm – 9:00pm
EVENT
Method Acting LectureBy Al Pacino
FESTIVALSCHEDULESEPTEMBER 3–7, 2009
DAY
DAY
1TUESDAY | September 3
WEDNESDAY | September 4
2
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 39
2:30pm – 5:30pm
F ILM
Pinky
7:00pm – 9:00pm
EVENT
Photography ExhibitionWomen in historical American society
2:30pm – 5:30pm
F ILM
A Streetcar Named Desire
7:00pm – 9:00pm
EVENT
Stage PlayA Streetcar Named Desire, directed by
Liv Ullmann
2:30pm – 5:30pm
F ILM
Splendor in the Grass
7:00pm – 9:00pm
EVENT
Closing NightHosted by Martin Scorsese
DAY
DAY
DAY
3
4
5
THURSDAY | September 5
FRIDAY | September 6
SATURDAY | September 7
40 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
Encouraged by her idealistic if luckless father, a
bright and imaginative young woman comes of age in
a Brooklyn tenement during the early 1900s.
A TREE GROWS IN BROOKLYN
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 41
SYNOPSIS
This adaptation of the classic novel tells the story of young Francie Nolan (Peggy
Ann Garner) who yearns for life beyond her Brooklyn apartment building. While
her daily routine is difficult, she makes the best of her situation, living with her
hard-working mother (Dorothy McGuire), alcoholic father (James Dunn) and
tough little brother (Ted Donaldson). Encouraged by her kind but irresponsible
dad, Francie struggles to keep her hopes up and persevere despite all the odds
against her.
RECOGNITION
In 2010, the film was preserved in the United States National Film Registry by
Library of Congress as “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant”.
R E L E A S E D AT E
February 28, 1945
R U N N I N G T I M E
128 minutes
C A S T
Dorothy McGuire — Katie Nolan
Joan Blondell — Sissy Edwards
James Dunn — Johnny Nolan
Lloyd Nolan — Officer McShane
James Gleason — McGarrity
Ted Donaldson — Neeley Nolan
Peggy Ann Garner — Francie Nolan
Ruth Nelson — Miss McDonough
John Alexander — Steve Edwards
B.S. Pully — Christmas Tree Vendor
AWA R D S
1945 National Board of Review USA
Won
Top Ten Films
1946 Academy Awards USA
Won
Best Actor in a Supporting Role: James Dunn
Academy Awards USA
Nominated
Best Writing, Screenplay: Frank Davis : Tess Slesinger
2010 National Film Preservation Board USA
National Film Registry
42 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 43E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E42 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
42 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 43E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 43
“Why sure baby. Don't tell me that tree is gonna lay down
and die that easily. Look at that tree. See where it's
coming from. Right up outta that cement! Didn't nobody
plant it. Didn't ask the cement to grow. It just couldn't
help growing so much it just pushed that old cement out
of the way. Now when you bust it with something like
that, can't anybody help it, like... like that little ole bird
up there. He didn't ask anybody could he sing and he
certainly didn't take any lessons. He's so full of singing it
just has to bust out someplace. Why they could cut that
ole tree right down to the ground and a root would push
up someplace else in the cement.”
Johnny Nolan aka The Brooklyn Thrush
44 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
A wife has difficulty reconciling her husband’s beliefs
and passions with her own in western farmland.
THE SEA OF GRASS
An Elia Kazan Film Festival 45
SYNOPSIS
This western begins with St. Louis resident Lutie Cameron (Katharine Hepburn)
marrying New Mexico cattleman Col. James B. ‘Jim’ Brewton (Spencer Tracy)
after a short courtship. When she arrives in “Salt Fork, NM” she fi nds that her
new husband is considered by the locals to be a tyrant who uses force to keep
homesteaders off the government owned land he uses for grazing his cattle—the
so-called Sea of Grass. Lutie, has diffi culty reconciling her husband’s beliefs and
passions with her own.
R E L E A S E D AT E
April 25, 1947
R U N N I N G T I M E
123 minutes
C A S T
Katharine Hepburn — Lutie
Spencer Tracy — Col. Jim Brewton
Robert Walker — Brock
Melvyn Douglas — Brice Chamberlain
Phyllis Thaxter — Sara Beth
Edgar Buchanan — Jeff
46 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 47E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E46 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
46 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 47E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 47
“Why do women insist on loving men for
what they want them to be instead of what
they are?”
Brice Chamberlain
48 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 49E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E48 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
A white skin African American lives a life that is true
to herself.
PINKY
48 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 49E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 49
SYNOPSIS
It is about a mulatto woman (played by Jeanne Crain) passing for white in the
North, who returns home to the South to visit her grandmother (singer-actress Ethel
Waters). There she tends to the white Miss Em (Ethel Barrymore) and confronts
racism head on, leading her to confess the truth of her paternity to her white fi ancé
Thomas Adams (William Lundigan). Upon Miss Em’s death, it is discovered that
she has bequeathed her entire estate to Patricia. Miss Em’s family disputes the
will because Patricia is black, but the court judge rules in Pinky’s favor. Her fi ancé
wants her to sell the inheritance and go west with him where she can once again
pass as white. But Pinky has learned that she must be true to herself. Eventually, she
converts the inherited house into Miss Em’s Clinic and Nursery School, serving the
black community to which Pinky now proudly belongs.
R E L E A S E D AT E
September 29, 1949
R U N N I N G T I M E
102 minutes
C A S T
Jeanne Crain — Pinky “Patricia” Johnson
Ethel Barrymore — Miss Em
Ethel Waters — Dicey Johnson
William Lundigan — Dr. Thomas “Tom”
Adams
Basil Ruysdael — Judge Walker
Kenny Washington — Dr. Canady
Nina Mae McKinney — Rozelia
Griff Barnett — Dr. Joe McGill
Frederick O’Neal — Jake Walters
Evelyn Varden — Melba Wooley
Raymond Greenleaf — Judge Shoreham
Arthur Hunnicutt — Police Chief
AWA R D S
1950 Academy Awards USA
Nominated
Best Actress in a Leading Role: Jeanne Crain
Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Ethel Barrymore
Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Ethel Waters
Writers Guild of America USA
Nominated
The Robert Meltzer Award
(Screenplay Dealing Most Ably with
Problems of the American Scene): Philip Dunne : Dudley Nichols
50 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 51E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E50 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
50 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 51E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 51
“Miss Em told me to always be myself, not to
pretend. You told me that after I marry you,
there won’t be a Pinky Johnson anymore.
How can I be myself if there’s no Pinky
Johnson anymore?”
Patricia ‘Pinky’ Johnson
52 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 53E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E52 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
A fading southern belle unfit in her new life with her
sister in New Orleans.
A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE
52 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 53E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
SYNOPSIS
In the classic play by Tennessee Williams, brought to the screen by Elia Kazan,
faded Southern belle Blanche DuBois (Vivien Leigh) comes to visit her pregnant
sister, Stella (Kim Hunter), in a seedy section of New Orleans. Stella’s boorish
husband, Stanley Kowalski (Marlon Brando), not only regards Blanche’s aristocratic
aff ectations as a royal pain but also thinks she’s holding out on inheritance money
that rightfully belongs to Stella. On the fringes of sanity, Blanche is trying to
forget her checkered past and start life anew. Attracted to Stanley’s friend Mitch
(Karl Malden), she glosses over the less savory incidents in her past, but she soon
discovers that she cannot outrun that past, and the stage is set for her fi nal, brutal
confrontation with her brother-in-law.
R E L E A S E D AT E
September 18, 1951
R U N N I N G T I M E
122 minutes
C A S T
Vivien Leigh — Blanche DuBois
Marlon Brando — Stanley Kowalski
Kim Hunter — Stella Kowalski
Karl Malden — Harold “Mitch” Mitchell
Rudy Bond — Steve Hubbel
Nick Dennis — Pablo Gonzales
Peg Hillias — Eunice Hubbel
Wright King — a Collector
Richard Garrick — a Doctor
AWA R D S
1951 New York Film Critics Circle AwardsWon
Best Film
Best Director: Elia Kazan
Best Actress: Vivien Leigh
Venice Film Festival1951
Special Jury Prize: Elia Kazan
Best Actress: Vivien Leigh
1952 Academy Awards USA
Won
Best Actress in a Leading Role: Vivien Leigh
Best Actor in a Supporting Role: Karl Malden
Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Kim Hunter
Best Art Direction-Set Decoration,
Black-and-White: Richard Day : George James Hopkins
Golden Globes USA
Won
Best Supporting Actress: Kim Hunter
1953 BAFTA AwardsWon
Best British Actress: Vivien Leigh
54 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 55E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E54 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
54 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 55E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 55
“What you are talking about is desire—just
brutal Desire. The name of that rattle-trap
streetcar that bangs through the Quarter, up
one old narrow street and down another.”
Blanche DuBois
56 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 57E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E56 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
The values of the business-oriented civilization — at
the time of its greatest crash — coincides with the
collapse of a young couple’s tender romance.
SPLENDOR IN THE GRASS
56 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 57E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
SYNOPSIS
The story of two Kansas high school sweethearts growing up in the late 1920s
through the stock market crash of 1929. Bud and Deanie are very much in love,
but the pressures of sex in society creates a rift in their relationship. Bud’s father
encourages him to leave Deanie to fi nd “another kind of girl” which drives Deanie
into madness. She is committed into an institution while Bud reluctantly obeys his
father and enrolls in Yale. The crash of ’29 hits and changes the lives of both their
families. Together they learn the harsh lesson of love and life in the ’20s and sadly
go their separate ways.
R E L E A S E D AT E
October 10, 1961
R U N N I N G T I M E
124 minutes
C A S T
Natalie Wood — Wilma Dean “Deanie”
Loomis
Warren Beatty — Bud Stamper
Pat Hingle — Ace Stamper
Joanna Roos — Mrs. Stamper
Audrey Christie — Mrs. Loomis
Fred Stewart — Del Loomis
Barbara Loden — Ginny Stamper
Zohra Lampert — Angelina
AWA R D S
1962 Academy Awards USA
Won
Best Writing, Story and Screenplay -
Written Directly for the Screen: William Inge
Academy Awards USA
Nominated
Best Actress in a Leading Role: Natalie Wood
Golden Globes USA
Nominated
Best Motion Picture — Drama
Best Motion Picture Actress — Drama: Natalie Wood
Best Motion Picture Actor — Drama: Warren Beatty
Directors Guild of America
USA
Nominated
Outstanding Directorial Achievement
in Motion Pictures: Elia Kazan
Laurel Awards1962
3rd place Golden Laurel—Top Female
Dramatic Performance: Natalie Wood
1963 BAFTA AwardsNominated
Best Foreign Actress: Natalie Wood
58 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 59E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E58 E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E
58 An Elia Kazan Film Festival 59E N D E AV O R S O F V I R T U E An Elia Kazan Film Festival 59
“Though nothing can bring back the hour of
splendor in the grass, glory in the fl ower, we
will grieve not; rather fi nd strength in what
remains behind.”
Wilma Dean