Electricity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Vb6hlLQSg

Forms of energy that convert to electricity?

Solar• Change of sunlight into energy using solar cells or solar

panels

ADVANTAGES: Free, infinite, environmentally friendly

DISADVANTAGES: expensive, does not work in places that are not sunny

Biomass

• From living or recently dead material ( soybeans, corn, burnt wood)

• Many paper mills use wood waste to produce steam and electricity

• ADVANTAGES: uses natural resources • DISADVANTAGES: destroys forests, increase in CO2

Wind

• Using wind to spin the turbines which are connected to generators and wires

Advantages: no pollution, takes up little spaceDisadvantages: wind is not consistent, eye sore, social issues (brings down property value of homes)

Geothermal

• From beneath the earth’s surface, pipes are attached to pump heat from tectonic plates

• ADVANTAGES: environmentally friendly, will always be a source of energy

• DISADVANTAGES: releases chemicals that cause pollution

Hydro• Created by flowing water that turns turbines that are

connected to wires that carry electricity • ADVANTAGES: Infinite, doesn’t pollute the atmosphere • DISADVANTAGES: expensive, people are displaced, destroys

aquatic habitats• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hooifWJ1jY

Ocean waves• Transport of energy by ocean waves that is converted

into electricity generation • ADVANTAGES: No pollution, infinite, reliable (waves

are constantly in motion)• DISADVANTAGES: Costly, eye sore for tourists

Fossil fuels

• Extract and burn natural gas and coal to produce electricity

• ADVANTAGES: one of the most abundant energy sources, liquid form is easy to transport

• DISADVANTAGES: finite resource, leads to carbon emissions, pollution drilling sand mining endangers the environment and ecosystems, requires large amounts of water to produce

Nuclear• More than half of Ontario’s electricity comes from

nuclear power. • In a nuclear power plant, uranium atoms are split apart by

force (fission). Heat is released during that process, turning water into steam. The steam turns a turbine which then generates electricity.

• ADVANTAGES: No atmosphere emissions, low cost • DISADVANTAGES: produces radioactive nuclear waste that

is hazardous and can remain active for thousand of years, nowhere to discard it, long-term environmental risks and contamination

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N1o3P8mLVRc

Renewable Energy

Renewable energy is energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as: sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat

Non- renewable energy

Non- renewable energy comes from fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and uranium. They are not resources that replenish they are finite resources.

Renewable or Non-Renewable energy?

• OIL ?• WIND?• NATURAL GAS?• COAL?• SOLAR?• BIOMASS?• NUCLEAR?• GEOTHERMAL?• WATER?

Current Electricity

• The movement of electricity from one place to another

• A current of electricity is created by a stream of moving electrons

• Electrical energy is not used up or DESTROYED, but CHANGED!

• Electrical energy is transformed into another type of energy!!!

Energy transformations

• HEAT• LIGHT• ELECTRICITY• MECHANICAL • MOTION

Example:• Electrical device: blow dryer• Energy used (input): electrical energy• Energy transformation (output): Heat, sound, motion