Earth ScienceLab Manual

2013-2014

LUOA

Contents Welcome to Earth Science Lab ..................................................................................................................... 2

Important Things to Know ............................................................................................................................ 2

Course Expectations ...................................................................................................................................... 3

Questions must be answered in complete sentences. ................................................................................. 3

Formatting Guidelines for Uploading Assignments: ..................................................................................... 4

Formatting for Formal Science Lab Reports- ................................................................................................ 4

Unit 1 Project 3 Research a Career ............................................................................................................... 6

Unit 1 Assignment 5 Project Earth Comparison............................................................................................ 7

Unit 1 Assignment 8 Project Building the Earth ............................................................................................ 9

Unit 1 Assignment 11 Project- Mantle Convection ................................................................................... 10

Unit 1 Assignment 13 Project Plate Boundaries ......................................................................................... 10

Unit 1 Assignment 16 Project Sphere Interaction ...................................................................................... 11

Unit 1 Assignment 20 Project Flow of Energy ............................................................................................. 11

Unit 1 Assignment 22 Special Project ......................................................................................................... 11

Unit 2 Assignment 4 Project Earthquake Features Lab .............................................................................. 11

Unit 2 Assignment 10 Project Volcanic Features Lab ................................................................................. 12

Unit 3 Assignment 4 Project Identifying a Mineral ..................................................................................... 13

Unit 3 Assignment 10 Project 10 Identifying a Rock ................................................................................... 13

Unit 4 Assignment 4 Project Soil Particles .................................................................................................. 14

Unit 4 Assignment 8 Project Ice Erosion (Glacial Erosion) and Alternate ................................................... 14

Alternate Lab:.......................................................................................................................................... 15

Unit 5 ........................................................................................................................................................... 15

Unit 6 Assignment 2 Project Water Purification ......................................................................................... 15

Unit 6 Assignment 8 Porosity and Permeability ......................................................................................... 16

Unit 6 Assignment 13 Experiment Fresh Water vs. Saltwater .................................................................... 18

Unit 7 Assignment 10 Project Air Circulation .............................................................................................. 21

Unit 7 Assignment 14 Project Greenhouse Effect ...................................................................................... 21

Unit 8 Assignment 2 Project Weather or Climate ....................................................................................... 22

Unit 8 Assignment 4 Project Weather and Climate .................................................................................... 23

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Unit 8 Project 18 Special Project Making a Barometer............................................................................. 23

Unit 9 Assignment 2 Project: Scale of Solar System ................................................................................... 24

Unit 9 Assignment 5 Project Newton’s Law ................................................................................................ 27

Unit 9 Assignment 11 Project Identifying Galaxies (virtual) ....................................................................... 27

Unit 10 ......................................................................................................................................................... 27

Appendix A- Model Science Lab Report ...................................................................................................... 28

2

Welcome to Earth Science Lab at LUOA. Laboratory is a very important

component of any science class. The lab must be completed in conjunction with your regular

science class. If you have a question regarding the lab, you have two options. You can message

your instructor within the curriculum, or you can call into the LUOA office at 1-866-418-8741

option 4 (teacher), option 3 (science). Science help is available from 8:30-5:00 Eastern Standard

Time, Monday through Friday.

Important Things to Know 1. We pray for you. If you need prayer for anything specific let us know. We will add you

and your need to our prayer list and will pray for you.

2. Labs are not optional. You must complete all of the labs found within a unit before the

unit test may be attempted. Please do not ask us to allow you to “just take a zero.” It is

one of our greatest desires to see you be successful and be prepared for all the plans that

the Lord has prepared for you. This class is transcripted as a lab science; therefore, all

labs must be completed.

3. The directions and the supplies may differ in this manual from those in lesson. ALWAYS

FOLLOW THOSE IN THIS LAB MANUAL. Please refer to this document often; a hard

copy can be very helpful.

4. The Messaging System is an easy way to contact your teacher, if you have questions

about the labs or your classwork in general. Please remember to be respectful. Use Mr. or

Mrs. when you send your message. Watch your spelling and capitalization (you are not

texting friends; this is school).

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5. Teachers have 24 hours to respond to your messages, and 24 – 48 hours to grade your

submissions. This does NOT include the weekends.

6. The curriculum will permit uploads of a wide variety of formats (.csv, .docs, .pdf, .xls,

.xlsx, .docx, .jpeg, .jpg, .ppt, .pptx, .txt, and .rtf). Uploads in MS Word (.docs or .docsx)

are preferred, and in some cases, may be required. Word documents enable the teachers

to give comments along with scoring and are more universally accepted than some other

formats.

7. Repeatedly submitting blank assignments or disregarding teacher comments may lead to

your science progress being blocked until the work is completed satisfactorily.

Course Expectations In this course, there are certain expectations. We want you to be aware of these

expectations from the very beginning. Please read the following guidelines and follow them

when submitting your assignments. Understand that while some of these guidelines may apply to

all of your work (Headings & Complete Sentence Answers for instance), others only are needed

with certain assignments (Science Reports & Science Lab Reports for example).

Questions must be answered in complete sentences. What is meant by complete sentences?

When speaking of answers, complete sentences do not mean only grammatically

complete. It also means to use part of the question in the answer.

Q: What color are your eyes?

A: My eyes are blue.

Q: Which planet is nicknamed the “red planet”?

A: The planet nicknamed the red planet is Mars.

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Formatting Guidelines for Uploading Assignments: Some science assignments

require that your work to be submitted in a more formal way. These reports need to follow the

following guidelines. Failure to follow these guidelines may result in your assignments being

reassigned.

Headings – Please include your name, date, and Unit/Assignment numbers at the top

of any uploaded work.

Formatting – Papers should be written in MLA format

o 12 inch font

o Times New Roman

o Double Spaced

o 1-margin

o Work Cited Section or Page

o Left Justified

o Indented Paragraph

o Section headings are useful and add clarity to a report. (These may be bolded

and underlined, size 14, and centered).

Sources – Generally, in research work, at least 2 academic sources will be asked for.

If you are citing the internet, keep in mind that Wikis, Google, ASK and a few other

are search engines are not considered academic sources! Academic sources should be

listed using proper formatting at the end of your report in a Works Cited section.

o All work will be submitted to the plagiarism checker Safe Assign.

Formatting for Formal Science Lab Reports- For some of your experiments and

projects, a science lab report format is needed to separate the separate areas of your experiment.

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If a science lab report is required then the work will be reassigned if it is not there. A template of

a Science Lab Report format can be found in the Appendix at the end of this manual.

Purpose – What are you trying to show with this project? What is the intent?

Research – You should not be as detailed as with a research paper. A paragraph that

gives some background is fine.

Hypothesis – This is a prediction of what you think the results of the project will be.

Write your hypothesis before you begin the experiment. A common sentence form for

a hypothesis is to use an ‘if-then’ statement. (Example: If students get adequate rest,

then grades will improve.) (1-2 sentences)

Procedures – In 1st person past tense, please write a summary of what you steps you

actually performed while conducting the experiment. Be sure to include any

modifications. You should include enough detail so that someone could reproduce the

experiment based on what you have written. Presenting your information in a

numbered list format is also recommended.

Data – (VERY IMPORTANT) Data is often missing and the cause for a great many

re-assignments. Data and observations are vital in science, and it is also vital that data

be referred to in your answers. Teachers will look for your data to be presented in an

organized manner (usually a table format), and this data should be referred to in your

conclusion. Observations may be written out in a descriptive paragraph following the

data table.

Analysis – (Graphs) Many experiments would benefit by showing the data in graphic

form. For some projects and experiments, graphic form is a requirement. The graph

would be included after your data in the analysis section of your lab report. A bar

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graph is used when comparisons are being made, as with your Porosity &

Permeability experiment. A line graph is excellent to show trends, as with your

Greenhouse experiment. Finally, a pie or circle graph is useful when dealing with

percentages.

Conclusion – Begin by stating whether the hypothesis was true or false. Use data and

calculations to support your answer. Consider the following questions as you write

your conclusion: Why or what happened to result in the outcome you observed? Did

you learn anything new? If not, what previously discussed concepts did this lab

reinforce? Is there anything you would or could do differently that would improve the

experiment? Do you have any other comments/observations you would like to share

about this lab?

Application – In what manner can these conclusions be used in the real world?

Unit 1 Project 3 Research a Career

Directions: Research a Career in the field of science and write a report describing that career.

Choose one of the following careers or if you if you can think of another, ask you teacher for

approval. The careers are astronomer, geologist, meteorologist or oceanographer. Your paper

should be about 450-500 words. The paper should be written in your own words. You need at

least two sources. You need to cite both of these sources. See the guidelines on writing papers

for LUOA below.

Information to include in the report:

What are three tasks this type of scientist completes on most days?

What locations might this type of scientist work?

What are at least three reasons why this type of scientist’s work is important?

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What course of study is necessary to work in this field of science as well as how many

years of study are necessary to complete a degree in this field?

Category Possible Points Earned Points

Information included in the

report. (20 points for each

question).

80 points

Formatting Guidelines

15 points

Spelling, Mechanics,

Grammar

5 points

Total

100 points

Unit 1 Assignment 5 Project Earth Comparison This assignment consists of a chart as well as 12 questions. The student needs to complete both

and upload them in the area beneath the essay box in the lesson.

Directions: Research the following information of the following planets plus Pluto. Fill in the

information on the chart. Use the chart to answer the questions in COMPLETE sentences.

***Grading – The chart is worth 40 points, and each question is worth 5 points for a total of 100

points.

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Planet

Average

Surface

Temp

Gravity

Compared to

Earth

Atmospheric

gases

Water

(solid, liquid,

gas)

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Pluto

Questions:

1. Which is the hottest planet?

2. Which is the coldest planet?

3. Which planet’s temperature is closest to that of earth?

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4. Which planet has the greatest gravitational attraction?

5. Which planet has the least gravitational attraction?

6. Which planet's gravitational pull is closest to that of Earth?

7. Do any of the planets have oxygen in their atmosphere?

8. Which planet's atmosphere most resembles that of Earth?

9. Do any of the planets have flowing water?

10. Which planet's water resources (solid, gas, or liquid) might be close to the amount on

Earth?

11. Which planet most resembles Earth in terms of all of the factors: temperature, gravity,

atmosphere, and water?

12. If Earth became an uninhabitable planet, which planet do you think would be the next

best location on which to live? Explain your answer.

Unit 1 Assignment 8 Project Building the Earth

In this lab you build a virtual planet, but first you must go back to “Lesson 7 Layers of the Earth”

to make a few notes about the makeup of the Earth.

After the Planet Builder Exercise, you need to complete the questions. Each question is worth 10

points.

Part 1 Answer in Complete Sentences

1. What is the name of your planet? (Be creative)

2. Name each of the four layers?

3. What is the composition of each of the four layers?

4. What is average temperature of each of the four layers?

5. What is the average thickness of each of the four layers?

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Part 2 Answer in Complete Sentences

1. Which layer does plasticity and convection occur?

2. Which layer is thinnest under the oceans and thickest in the mountains?

3. Which layer is made of solid iron?

4. Which layer is the hottest?

5. Which layer is the coolest?

Unit 1 Assignment 11 Project- Mantle Convection

This project is a comparison between plate tectonics and mantle convection and lava lamps.

First you need to understand plate tectonics and mantle convection a little better. Watch this

YouTube clip (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEYLx_bhtoA). Now go to your lesson

(lesson 11) and watch the lava lamps. Answer the questions

1. What is happening with the “lava” in lamp A? Explain your response. (25 points)

2. What is happening with the “lava” in lamp B? Explain your response.(25 points)

3. Relate your observations of lava lamp B to mantle convection and plate tectonics. What

does the heat source of the lave lamp represent in the earth? If the lava lamp had a

floating piece of foam at the top, what would they do? What would these foam pieces

represent on the earth? (50 points)

Unit 1 Assignment 13 Project Plate Boundaries

This project is a virtual project. Follow the directions within the lesson. You need to name the

specific movement for each question. You need to explain the process in such a way that

demonstrates your understanding. Well written and complete sentences are expected.

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Unit 1 Assignment 16 Project Sphere Interaction

This project is a virtual project. Follow the directions within the lesson. First Complete the

Virtual Sphere Interaction Lab. Next complete the following questions.

1. Name the four spheres and, in complete sentences, describe the spheres.

2. Provide an example of at least one interaction for each pair of spheres.

a. An example Crust (lithosphere) provides areas for life (biosphere)

Unit 1 Assignment 20 Project Flow of Energy

Develop a food web. You may use Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Publisher, or create a free

Glogster (glogster.com) or a free Prezi (prezi.com) (or use any other program you would like to

use). Be creative. After you have created your food web, upload it or the link to it into the lesson.

Next, answer the questions in the lesson. Answers must be in complete sentences. Your answers

must convey your understanding of food chains and populations.

Unit 1 Assignment 22 Special Project

When you started this class, your advisor asked you to email all of your teachers and introduce

yourself. Please do so as an attachment to this assignment. Also include your contact information

(email and phone number please) as well as a statement that you have read and have accessed

this science lab manual.

Unit 2 Assignment 4 Project Earthquake Features Lab

This lab is a virtual project. Follow the instructions as they are written in the lesson. All answers

must be written in complete sentences. Please make sure you give thorough explanations for

each answer, even for #3 which is your own opinion.

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Unit 2 Assignment 10 Project Volcanic Features Lab

This lab has a virtual component with pictures of each of the features listed below. Go through

the virtual lab and name each feature. After you have completed the virtual portion of the lab,

answer the following questions using your own words.

Describe the following features. (Do not just cut and paste).

a. Dike

b. Sill

c. Laccolith

d. Batholith

2. Describe the following types of volcanoes.

a. Cinder cones

b. Composite

c. Shield

3. Describe the following terms.

a. Crater

b. Caldera

c. Geyser

d. Hot Spring

e. Lava Dome

f. Flood Basalt Plateau

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Unit 3 Assignment 4 Project Identifying a Mineral

In this lab, you are identifying unknown minerals using common testing properties: color, luster,

streak, hardness, and cleavage, as well as transparency and acid reaction. Follow the directions in

the lesson and document your results below. (You can cut and paste this chart into your own

document). When you are done with the experiment, answer the questions using complete

sentences. Then you will need to upload the completed chart and the answered questions into the

lesson.

Mineral A

Mineral B

Mineral C

Mineral D

Mineral E

Mineral F

Color

Streak

Hardness

Luster

Acid

Reaction

Breakage

Transparency

Mineral

Unit 3 Assignment 10 Project 10 Identifying a Rock

In this lab you will be identifying rocks using texture, color, and composition.

Texture Color Composition Rock Type

Rock A

Rock B

Rock C

Rock B

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When you are done with the experiment, name all four rocks using complete sentences. (Rock A

is….). Upload the completed chart, and the answered questions into the lesson.

Unit 4 Assignment 4 Project Soil Particles

In this lab, you are describing how particle size affects the settling of soil.

Materials:

1 ½ cups dirt (you can dig it up in your backyard)

½ cup of sand

2 wide mouth glass containers with lids (jars or juice bottles work well)

Masking Tape/Pen (to label)

Spoon (to mix)

Water

Camera

With complete sentences, you need to answer the questions in the lab. Upload a picture of your

jars on the same page as your answers. The lesson teaches you to expect a certain result. If you

do not get that result, please explain why. Your answers need to explain that you understand the

principles involved.

Unit 4 Assignment 8 Project Ice Erosion (Glacial Erosion) and Alternate

In this lab, you are going to observe ice erosion.

****Do not follow the material list in the lesson or step 1 and 2 under the directions.****

Materials:

2 cups of sand

2 plastic trays (8x 24 inches)

Water

15

Freezer

Ruler

Measuring Cup

Pour 1 cup of sand in each tray. Follow the directions in the lesson starting with the number 3.

***You only have to do the experiment for 1 week not 2, and the drawings are not necessary.***

For this lab you need to follow the directions of the Formal Lab Report on page 5. Please include

photographs of your trays in the data section of your report.

Alternate Lab:

If you do not have a freezer big enough to do this experiment, you may substitute the following:

Use the internet to research ice erosion (glacial erosion).

Consult at least 3 different sources (see formatting guidelines on page 5).

Write an opening paragraph about ice erosion in general.

Include information on three specific places in the world where ice erosion is evident.

The total word count for this assignment is 450-500 words.

Remember to include your Work Cited Section

Unit 5

Review and Semester EXAM

NO LABS

Unit 6 Assignment 2 Project Water Purification

In this experiment, you will explain how evaporation and condensation can be used to purify

water.

Materials:

1 cup of dirt (not potting soil)

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4 cups of Water

Small glass

Large glass bowl

Clear plastic wrap

Small round rock

Sunshine (or on a cloudy day add desk lamp to speed up process)

Complete the lab following the directions in the lesson and then answer the four questions.

Please include a photograph of your experiment on the same page as your answers. Please make

sure your understanding of the process is expressed in your answers. Each question is worth 25

points.

Unit 6 Assignment 8 Porosity and Permeability

In this experiment, you will measure the porosity of soil and compare the permeability of

different soils. ***These directions are different from the lesson.***

Materials:

Water

A measuring cup with metric measurements (or 30 mL= 1 ounce)

6 clear cups (all the same size)

A marker

Metric Ruler

1 cup of each large, medium, and small pebbles

1 cup of each gravel, sand, and dirt (not potting soil)

Funnel

3 coffee filters

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Part A Measuring Porosity:

1. Fill one of the cups to the brim with water and measure that amount. Record the value.

2. Measure and mark a line 4 inches from the bottom of three of the cups.

3. Fill the cup with large pebbles up to the line and label Large Pebbles.

4. Fill the cup with medium pebbles up to the line and label Medium Pebbles.

5. Fill the cup with small pebbles up to the line and label Small Pebbles.

6. Put water in the measuring cup equal to the amount measured in step 1. Take the

measuring cup of water and pour it into the cup with the large pebbles, fill until it reaches

the top of the cup. Record the amount of water left in the measuring cup.

7. Calculate the amount of water added to the pebbles cup. Subtract the amount of water left

in the measuring cup from the amount record in step1. This is the amount of space

between the pebbles (porosity).

8. Repeat step 7 with both the medium and small pebble cups.

9. Create bar graph comparing pebble type with their porosity

Record all measurements in

mL

(1)Water volume in

water cup at the

beginning

(2)Water volume

remaining after

pouring into the

pebbles

Volumes of space

between pebbles =

Porosity (1-2)

Large Pebble

Medium Pebbles

Small Pebble

Part B Measuring Permeability

1. Line funnel with coffee filter.

2. Fill filter with gravel.

3. Put 100 mL of water in the measuring cup.

4. Place plastic cup on table top

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5. Hold funnel over plastic cup slowly pour the water into the cup. Time how long it takes

for the water to flow through the gravel into the cup. Stop timing after 10 minutes.

6. Remove the gravel. Place a new filter in the funnel and fill the new filter with sand.

Repeat steps 3, 4 and 7 (substituting the sand for the gravel).

7. Remove the sand and place a new filter in the funnel and fill the new filter with dirt

(NOT potting soil). Repeat steps 3, 4, and 7 (substituting the dirt for the gravel).

Medium Time (s)

Gravel

Sand

Dirt

***This experiment requires a formal lab report. Please include photographs of your experiment

in your data section.***

Unit 6 Assignment 13 Experiment Fresh Water vs. Saltwater

This lab has you compare and contrast physical properties of freshwater and saltwater.

Materials:

8 tablespoons of salt (2 tablespoons for each section)

Water

2 clear glasses

Measuring cups

Tablespoon

2 eggs

2 plastic cups

Spoon

Marker

Freezer

19

Stove

Small Pot

Stopwatch or watch with a second hand

2 pie plates or shallow pans approximately the same size

Paper

Density

(Float/Sink)

Freeze Time

(Hours)

Boiling Time

(Minutes)

Evaporation

(Amount of

Water left in

mL)

Freshwater Egg

Saltwater Egg

Directions:

Density

1. Fill one of the clear glasses with one cup of warm water.

2. Carefully drop one of the eggs into the glass. Record your observations.

3. Fill the second clear glass with one cup of warm water. Add two tablespoons of salt and

stir until it dissolves.

4. Carefully drop the other egg into the second glass. Record your observations on the chart.

Freezing Point

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1. Use the marker to label one plastic cup "freshwater" and the other "saltwater."

2. Fill both plastic cups halfway with warm water.

3. Add two tablespoons of salt to the saltwater cup. Stir until the salt dissolves.

4. Place both cups in the freezer. Check the cups every 30 minutes to see how long it takes

each one to freeze. Record data on the chart (i.e. 3.5 hours).

Boiling Point

1. Fill the pot with one cup of warm water.

2. With adult supervision, heat the pot on a stove. Note the setting you choose for the

stove's burner. Time how long it takes for the water to boil. Record data on the chart.

3. Carefully empty the pot and allow it to cool completely.

4. Fill the pot with one cup of warm water.

5. Add two tablespoons of salt and stir until it dissolves.

6. With adult supervision, heat the pot on a stove. Use the same heat setting you used to

heat the freshwater. Time how long it takes for the water to boil. Record the times in

minutes on your data table.

Evaporation

1. Fill the measuring cup ½ cup of with warm water.

2. Pour the water into the first pie plate.

3. Place the pie plate near a sunny window. Use the marker and paper to label the pie plate

"freshwater."

4. Fill the measuring cup halfway with warm water.

5. Add two tablespoons of salt and stir until it dissolves.

6. Pour the saltwater into the second pie plate.

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7. Place the pie plate near a sunny window. Use the marker and paper to label the pie plate

"saltwater."

8. Check both plates after 3 days. Pour the remaining in the pans into your measuring cups

and record the amount of water remaining.

Answer all questions in COMPLETE sentences. Make sure your sentences express your

understanding of the material. Upload both your chart as well as your completed sentences into

the lesson. Please include photographs of your experiment with your charts and answers.

Unit 7 Assignment 10 Project Air Circulation

This project identifies air circulation patterns and helps to relate pressure and temperature to air

flow.

Directions: Conduct the activity and answer the questions in complete sentences.

Unit 7 Assignment 14 Project Greenhouse Effect

This lab demonstrates the greenhouse effect and relates your “greenhouse” to the global

greenhouse effect.

Materials

2 shoe boxes or 2 boxes of similar size

Sheet of clear plastic (plastic wrap), or pane of glass

2 thermometers made for measuring air (not for body temps)

Watch or stop watch

Pen and paper to record temperature results

2 lamps (if it is cloudy)

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Minutes

Open box

(In Sun)

Greenhouse

(In Sun)

Open box

(No Sun)

Greenhouse

(No Sun)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Use complete sentences as you answer the questions in the lesson. Upload your complete

sentences, your completed data chart, and your photographs of the experiments into the lesson.

Unit 8 Assignment 2 Project Weather or Climate

This project distinguishes between weather and climate conditions.

Directions: Read each example and determine if the example is weather, climate or both and

WHY.

Weather, Climate or both? Why?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

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8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13

14.

15.

Write your answers in the chart using complete sentences. Cut this chart, paste it into your own

document, and upload it when you are done.

Unit 8 Assignment 4 Project Weather and Climate

This project has you identify different types of clouds and relate clouds to weather conditions.

Directions:

Follow the directions in the lesson. Answer the questions in the lesson, in complete sentences.

Each question is worth 20 points.

Unit 8 Project 18 Special Project Making a Barometer

In this lab you will be creating a barometer.

Watch the following instructional videos

Material:

You will need the materials seen in the first instructional video plus a digital camera.

1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7hafGGgluM&NR=1 (supplies needed)

***Note: You do not have to decorate the barometer***

2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGoVCvLqoBI (making the barometer)

3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2R1H1OxT4s&feature=related (sealing the

barometer)

4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0j7IfDtv7o&feature=channel (making barometer

needle)

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5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKUbkFHfRRI&feature=related (how to mark the

barometer gauge)

6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrAKlqjcZLI&feature=channel (explanation of how a

gauge works)

Build your barometer and record changes in pressure over three days. You must have at least 3

readings from your barometer and the local weather data through each day for a total of 9. (Go to

http://weather.com and enter your zip code). Your reading will not be numeric but will be either

“falling, rising or the same as prior reading.” The data from weather.com will have a numeric

value as well as rising, falling, or the same. Make a chart to record your data to include the date,

time, your barometer’s data, the official data, and the general weather outside.

Official Barometric

Pressure

Your

Barometer

Current

Weather

Day 1

Time 1

Time 2

Time 3

Day 2

Time 1

Time 2

Time 3

Day 3

Time 1

Time 2

Time 3

You will be required to write a formal lab report for this project. Please include photographs of

your experiment in the data section of the report.

Unit 9 Assignment 2 Project: Scale of Solar System

This lab compares the sizes of the Sun and the planets. This lab looks a little difficult, but it is

not. Although the scale used in the lesson converts to kilometers, we are going to convert to

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meters in order to save a step. The scale in this lesson is 1.0 = 0.0000072 meters. Consider the

following example. Jupiter = 142,984km x 0.0000072 meters = 1.02948 (round to the thousandth

place). The diameter in meters is 1.03 meters. The next step is to convert this answer to inches.

Since 1 meter equals 39.37 inches, we need to multiply meters x 39.37. What common round

object is about that size?

***If you need help with any of the calculations please call the LUOA office for assistance. The

teacher line is 1-866-418-8741 option 4 for teacher 3 for science.***

Heavenly

Body

Diameter (meters) Diameters (inches) Common Round

Object

Sun

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

When you are done, upload the chart into the lesson.

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Unit 9 Assignment 5 Project Newton’s Law

This lab examines Newton’s laws of gravity and motion in an experiment.

Materials:

Water

Bucket with handle

A willing volunteer

Follow directions from the lesson. Answer the questions and upload both the questions and a

photograph of your experiment in the lesson.

Unit 9 Assignment 11 Project Identifying Galaxies (virtual)

This lesson distinguishes between the different types of galaxies.

Follow directions from the lesson. Please clearly explain WHY you are choosing that particular

category.

Unit 10

Review and Semester EXAM

NO LABS

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Appendix A- Model Science Lab Report

Your Name

Date

Course

Unit &Assignment Numbers

Instructor

Lab Title

Purpose

What is the intent of this experiment? “What will happen to ____________ if I change

_____________?”

Research

Record here your background knowledge and research on the topic. While this should not be as

detailed as it may be with a Science Report, it still needs to include more than just a reference

that you did research. The teacher needs to see what you learned. At least two sources should be

included at the end of this section.

Hypothesis

This statement should answer the question in the Purpose section. “Based upon my research, I

think that ___________ will occur if I change ______________.”

Materials

Please format this to be a

Bulleted

List

Methods

1. Please format this to be a

2. Numbered List

29

Data & Observations

Insert your data table here. Any observations may be included in a well written paragraph.

Photographs, if required, may also be in this section.

Analysis

(Insert your graph here)

Conclusion

This paragraph should do two things. First, it answers your Purpose based upon your experiment

and the data you collected in the experiment. Second, it should make references to that data.

Reflections and Applications

This is a very important section. It also has two purposes. The first is that it looks back on your

experiment and critiques that experiment. What worked well and, conversely, what could have

been improved with this experiment? The second purpose is that this section also discusses any

possible applications your new knowledge may have in practical ways.