DMA Abu Dhabi Sustainable Lighting Strategy

From 2010 to Q2-2014

Light Pollution obscures stars & moon; on façades can cause sleep disruption

Wasted light at road perimeter, glare and light trespass, poor colour, harsh light

Excessive energy use creates larger carbon footprint & wastes operating budget

The Starting Point - Abu Dhabi’s Roads...

Traditional Road Lighting Approach

On Highways Onto Residences In City Streets

Sustainable Lighting PolicyWhat Relevant Standards did the Abu Dhabi/UAE Have in 2010?

• No Regional, Federal(UAE) or Emirate lighting codes or standards

• Public Realm Lighting generally not covered under Building Codes/Sustainability Schemes

• No Municipal Technical Lighting Standards or Briefs for lighting efficiency or quality

• No Appropriate Lighting Fixture Quality Standards

• No Light Pollution Reduction/Mitigation Criteria

• Lack of technical knowledge of Lighting at all levels in the design chain, especially with LED

• Contractor-led decision making based on historic relationships and restrictive lists

• LITTLE OR NO LIGHTING DESIGN!

The Abu Dhabi Sustainable Lighting PolicyThe Original Key Factors of Implementation

• Reduction of all Roadway and Pavement lighting levels and more targeted design for both Roadway and Pavement lighting

• Parks and Public Realm projects designed with suitable lighting for long-term efficiency and quality for the environment and people

• Specification of optically and energy efficient quality LED (and other low-energy technology) with appropriate controls for all uses. Retrofit all existing street lighting

• Introduction of Emirate-specific Performance Benchmarking system for all external lighting

• Mandate & Enforce Policy including statutory illumination hierarchy and design guidance for all external public lighting. Aligned with other AD documents e.g. supporting Estidama

• Strategy and all proposed steps approved by GSEC under Decree in April 2011

• LED lighting cost is estimated in 2010 to be equivalent to MH within 6-8 years

• LED fixture cost forecast in 2010 to drop 60% in

next 6-8 years.

• Economic cost of energy estimate range from 27 – 45 fils /kWh (35 fils used in all ADM calcs)

• Full embedded Carbon Cost for lighting system components as well as poles, cables and light

fittings not yet defined by manufacturers

LED Price ForecastEnvironmental Impact

Savings & Costs: Public Lighting Cost

Use of LED technology gives a 67-80% reduction in energy usage & CO2 emission reduction vs.existing Abu Dhabi installations

Proposed Lighting Strategy is 35-60% cheaper than existing standards/ technology over 20 yearsanalysis considering energy economic cost, achieving an overall saving of AED 1.13 Billion (recent2014 analysis suggest over AED 2 Billion is now the more appropriate saving)

1 Electricity Cost - 35 fils/ KWh

Policy vs. Current @ Economic Cost

PV in AED '000existing

condition

existing

improved

new (2030)

roadstotal

existing

unimproved

new (2030)

roadstotal variance total benefit

capital investment 488,859 496,766 862,914 1,359,681 488,859 915,546 1,404,405 44,724 3%

non power opex 245,564 167,788 53,433 221,221 245,564 70,070 315,633 94,413 30%

power cost 1,285,098 525,388 64,873 590,261 1,285,098 298,860 1,583,958 993,697 63%

total PV 2,019,521 1,189,943 981,220 2,171,163 2,019,521 1,284,475 3,303,996 1,132,833 34%

road length lm (approx) 3,335,530 3,335,530 3,341,535 6,677,065 3,335,530 3,341,535 6,677,065 3,341,535 100%

population 1,740,000 1,569,884 1,530,116 3,100,000 1,569,884 1,530,116 3,100,000 1,530,116

total power consumption ('000 kWH) 6,369,972 2,298,800 443,508 2,742,309 6,369,972 2,046,238 8,416,210 5,673,901 67%

CO2 emissions kg 5,287,077 1,908,004 368,112 2,276,116 5,287,077 1,698,377 6,985,454 4,709,338 67%

Power economic cost, fils/kwh 0.35

CO2 emission in kg/kwh 0.83

LED Efficient Technology Policy Current Technology Continuation

How to specify LEDs for the Extreme Environment of the Middle East

What are the issues with LEDs for use in the Middle East?

• Temperature? Humidity? Dust? Sand? Salt? Corrosion? Performance? Drivers?

Answer is: QUALITY fixtures & lighting design address all the above

There are no issues in specifying LEDs for Middle East external use...if

• Correct technical LED Specifications are written and enforced through all project stages and approval process

• Correct lighting design criteria/standards/brief are issued• Consultant/Designers are empowered, required to be Qualified and to Specify

and Design correctly• Any ‘Equal & Approved’ submissions and/or value engineering is monitored and

controlled by Clients and their qualified Consultants

LED Fixture Specification for Projects

The key areas to define with benchmarks/criteria

• LED Fixture efficacy• LED Fixture thermal design• LED Fixture testing performed at actual local maximum nighttime

temperature/humidity, plus safety factor• Storage (or daytime) temperature tolerance of components and fixtures• LED source colour temperature and rendering• LED chip binning/full luminaire chromaticity coordinate testing• Driver specification• IP, IK rating & corrosion/environmental resistance • Photometry• Useful Life calculation criteria (TM-21, LM-82 )

• Photobiological safety• Long warranties

DMA (Department of Municipal Affairs) Lighting Specifications

(Nov.2011) have been printed in both booklet format and electronic

PDF versions for issue to AD Consultants, Developers and Stakeholders

The Lighting & Specifications have now been officially issued under DMA Decree-39, April 2012 to cover the entire Emirate: All Municipalities, DoT, Developers, Consultants,

Contractors and Suppliers must adhere to the criteria for public projects

IESNA LM-79-08 Electrical and Photometric Measurements

of Solid-State (LED) Lighting Products

Applies to LED-based products incorporating control electronics and heat sinks: Includes complete LED luminaires and Integrated LED sources (LED chips with heat sinks).

LM-79 requires complete luminaire testing: Traditionally, photometric evaluation of lighting products is based on separate tests for lamps and luminaires (“relative”). However for LED products, LED lamps typically cannot be separated from their luminaire because of heat effects (“absolute”)

LM-79 Tests for • Total Luminous Flux • Luminous Intensity Distribution• Electrical Power• Luminous Efficacy (calculation)• Color Characteristics/Chromaticity• CCT• CRI

(Equivalent standards: CIE 127:2007 & CIE 15:2004 & CIE-TCI:69)

Correlated Colour Temperature/Rendering - Roads

The DMA Lighting Specification sets all Roadway lighting colour temperatures to be between 4000 & 6000K. In lighting terms this is all in the range of ‘Cool-white’ as on the right of this photograph

Research has shown that the more natural spectrum of light achieved with cooler light in these wavelengths promotes alertness, improves depth of field and coupled with Ra65 or above one has better overall perception/reaction times

Correlated Colour Temperature/Rendering – Public Realm

For Parks and Public Realm the temperatures are warmer and set to be between 2700 & 4100K. In lighting terms this is all ‘Warm-white’ as shown in this photograph

This promotes better skin tones, is closer to the colour of tungsten and halogen light and coupled with the minimum colour-rendering of 80% (Ra80) ensures colours remain vibrant too

Interim Guide produced for ADM’s Consultants – Lighting Best Practice for Roads, Parks and Public Realm projects (being used extensively)

Abu Dhabi Wins ‘Award at Large’ at PLDC 2013 in CopenhagenProfessional Lighting Design Recognition Award for the “Exemplary” Lighting

Strategy, Policy and Implementation work undertaken

The first time ever a City/Region has won such a prestigious international award

Some LED Road Project Examples

Sheikh Zayed Street & Tunnel

The new roadway lighting design level was approximately 40% lower for thisMajor Arterial and the use of LED efficient long-life technology wasimplemented throughout for the first time in Abu Dhabi. Highly efficientlighting fixture optics were utilised to ensure light is focused only where itneeds to be avoiding wasted light and reducing light pollution. This furthermaximizes the overall lighting efficiency of roadway lighting installations.

Street – 660 LED fixtures, Tunnel – 5,500 LED fixtures

Initial Concept Calculation for Energy Consumption: LED fixtures 160W: Circuit Load=181W (electrical test figure from IESNA Certification)

(Conventional 1000HPS: Circuit Load=1160W)

Quantity Allowed for 1000No. Total Load = 181kW (HPS = would be 1,160kW)

Actual Site Measured Comparison Energy Consumption:

Project Design Calculation for Energy Consumption (project reduction in poles):

LED fixtures 240W: Circuit Load=277W (electrical test figure from IESNA Certification)

Quantity Allowed for 660No. Total Load = 182.820KW

Street Lighting Projects Savings Data – Site Measurement Verification

Sheikh Zayed Street

LED fixtures 240W: Circuit Load=268W (Calibrated Meter Fixture

Load current measurement of 1.02A for single 240W fixture taken

on the 13/1/13 and allowing for 0.9 Power Factor addition)

Quantity Installed 660No. Total Load = 176.880KW

Measured load is actually slightly less – Saving is 85%

Completed fully in line with the new DMA Lighting Specifications & Lighting StrategyNumber of LED Fixtures = 122Manufacturer = AEC/ARESCORated LED Fixture Wattage = 101W, efficacy = 97lumens per watt including annualmaintenance allowanceOverall Estimated Savings = 76% compared to conventional

Installation of new Street Lighting Network in Commercial Sector

Taking the actual meter readings from the Sectors both before the new LED lighting wasinstalled when 400W HPS was in place and afterwards the recorded energy usage from thespreadsheet shows the following comparison:Overall Meter Recorded Savings = 75% compared to the prior conventional installation

Sector E48

Street Lighting Projects Savings - Meter Data Used

ADM obtained all the Lighting Control Cabinet meter readings from ADDC for the sector from before LED lighting was installed and afterwards

Sector E48

• It is a normal expectation to find between 0.5 to 1% of all lighting fixtures on a projectwill be found to be faulty or fail in some form, needing replacing under warranty. This isa normal manufacturing defect level.

• If faults or failures exceed this sort of percentage then it might be a cause for concern.

• However for all ADM projects, there has not been a single failure of any LED fixture forwell over 6000 units. This again exceeds all expectations.

• For Sheikh Zayed Street for example, with 660 high-power LED street lights, most ofwhich have been operating now for over 3-Years, there have not been any issues withthe fixtures at all.

LED Street Lighting Fixture Performance Summary

2014 and BeyondThe Future Steps Underway

This Year, 3 new important steps of the Sustainable Lighting Strategy will be implemented

• The issue of completely updated revisions of both DMA Lighting specifications, in line with international best practice, the moving technology marketplace and with additional new sections. Required every 3 years (current documents dated Nov 2011)

• A new expansive DMA Abu Dhabi Public Realm & Road Lighting Handbook will provide in-depth guidance on every aspect of lighting design for all levels of the design chain As per GSEC Decree - April 2011

Both the revised Specifications and the new Lighting Handbook to be released at the same time (AD Smart Lighting & Energy Summit in November 2014) and they will cross-reference each other, with their content aligned during production

• ADM Tenders will be issued to retrofit all of Abu Dhabi Island’s 35,000+ existing street lighting followed by the mainland. In addition to all new projects. As per GSEC Decree

LED Retrofit of all Abu Dhabi Existing Street Lighting Assets

Executive Summary of Benefits Achieved

• Lighting Strategy (2010) figures stated savings achieved for retrofit of would be AED 830 Million by 2030. This New 5-Year Plan Proposal will achieve savings of AED 1 Billion by 2025 and potentially 1.75 Billion by 2030*

• Lighting Strategy (2010) figures stated cost to retrofit all inner-sector streets would by AED 497 Million. This New Proposal will cost AED 488 Million but includes all major roads with LED as well (2010 Strategy had these as 400/250W Metal Halide fixtures)

• Payback Achieved immediately after just the 5th Year of Retrofit (end 2018)

• Lighting Strategy (2010) figures stated energy savings of 67%. Proposal will achieve overall nearly 80%

* improvements in LED technology for lifetime performance and the stringency of the DMA Lighting Specifications means fixtures will last far longer than the estimated 12-years and likely to reach 15years plus. Therefore replacement/upgrading not needed when original Lighting Strategy figures predicted

Cost Analysis and Payback Summary

Excel File

Cost Analysis and Payback Summary

Excel File

Total Annual Budget: Capex + Non-Power Opex 60,188,234AED

Total Annual Budget: Power Opex (Electricity) AED 115,394,149

Grand Total Annual Cost AED 175,582,383

1,703,067AED

AED 23,392,761

AED 25,095,829

Total Annual Budget: Capex + Non-Power Opex

Total Annual Budget: Power Opex (Electricity)

Grand Total Annual Cost

97%

reduction!

New Abu Dhabi Public Realm & Street Lighting Handbook

The Abu Dhabi Public Realm & Street Lighting Handbook

• All new DMA guidance document to be a comprehensive reference and lighting design aid written to reinforce the Abu Dhabi Sustainable Lighting Strategy aims and requirements

Typical International Exemplar Documents:

Summary of main benefits and components:

• 350-pages+ of detailed information: lighting basics, terms and lighting technology overview

• Will provide specific detailed design advice/options/do’s & don'ts for every aspect of exterior lighting design and application

• Will be written with plain and clear text with extensive use of diagrams and local photographs to show relevant and easy to understand examples

• It will co-ordinate fully with the DMA Lighting Specifications and other relevant local standards and provide enhanced advice on how to meet project brief criteria

• It will replace many of the numerous current International guides listed in documents and be specific to the requirements of Abu Dhabi and the region. A first in the Middle East

• International experienced Consultant is appointed and production is well underway

• It will be released in both hard and soft copy formats…..hopefully for free

The Abu Dhabi Public Realm & Street Lighting Handbook

The Abu Dhabi Public Realm & Street Lighting Handbook

Revision-2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• Refining some of the lighting design criteria for both roads and parks/pubic realm

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• Refining some of the lighting design criteria for both roads and parks/pubic realm

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• Additional new Standards regarding solar street lighting technology, design, project cost analysis and application. Refined solar criteria for public realm also.

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• Additional new Standards regarding solar street lighting technology, design, project cost analysis and application. Refined solar criteria for public realm also.

Yas Island Emirati Neighborhood

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• New requirements regarding signage lighting and aligned standards for the avoidance of project light pollution/glare

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• New requirements regarding signage lighting and aligned standards for the avoidance of project light pollution/glare

Revision 2 of the DMA Lighting Specifications

• Revised and expanded criteria for dimming/lighting controls including statutory project requirements and brief values

Dimming, control and monitoring to become a statutory requirement for all new infrastructure LED street lighting projects

Sections revised and expanded to include r.f. and wi-fi technology criteria and provide full brief for project dimming programming levels:

Different dimming/switching parameters provided for specific project areas:• residential neighborhoods• industrial zones• commercial areas• main roads• city centers• rural areas• parks and public realm

Monitoring and control requirements brief stated

Other Relevant Municipality and Abu Dhabi Developments

Revised ADM Manuals, Standard Specifications and Drawings

A new Estidama Light Pollution Mitigation Clause (LS-R4) will be issued as part of the revised Estidama by UPC in the near future. It is a whole new statutory document on Light Pollution limits to International norms. LS-R1 Also to be issued to cover lighting efficiency of projects

The ESMA Lighting Regulations (Primarily Lamp Regulations)

The QCC Conformity Scheme for External LED Luminaires

Thank You