Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-12
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Transcript of Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-12
Comforting wisdom for life
cdkifrmaom oif\pdwfudk uyfNidrIr&Sdatmif jyK&m\
Fortify your mind and be non-attached
pmrsufESm 25 odkY
Nidrf;csrf;OD; jyKpkwifjyonf/
q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmifq&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif
q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmifq&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif
q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif
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tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESi f htjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESi f h
tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESi f htjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESi f h
tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif;ESi f h
tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rStawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS
tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rStawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS
tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS
Nidrf;csrf;OD; jyKpkwifjyonf/
à ukrÇLyrHum,rdrH 0d'dwGm?
em½kyrH pdwård'H XaywGm/
a,ma"x rm&H ynm0ka"e?
ZdwÍö &au© teda0oaemod,m/
*gxm(40)
à 40.Kumbhu-pamam. kayamima na
viditva-,nagarupamam
. cittamidam
.
thapetva-.Yodetha mar
-iam pañña-yudhena,
jitañ ca rakkhe anivesano siya-.
Nidrf;csrf;OD;
þudk,fudktdk;ESihfwlonf[kodí NrdKUBuD;
ozG,f jzp faom þpdwf ud k jzp fapí?
ynmwnf;[l aom vufeufjzihf? udavomr&fudk
pp fxd k ; uke f&m\/ atmiftyf Ny D ;aom
psme formywfud kvnf; apmih fa& Smuf &m\/
psmefcsrf;omüom,muyfNid jcif; &S donfvnf;
rjzp f&m/ *gxm (40)
pdwfacsmufcsm;aeMuaom &[ef;rsm;
þokwåEÅyd#u ck'uedum,u "r®y'ygVd
awmf (jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ tjrihfrm;qHk;aom "r®
a'oemawmf) *gxmtrSwf(40)udk jrwfpGm bk&m;onf
om0wd¬jynfrGefaZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;oHk;pH
aeawmfrlpOf tm;xkwftyfaom 0dyóem&Sdukefaom
Realizing that this body is (as frag-ile) as a jar, establishing this mind (as firm)as a (fortifield) city, he should attack Marawith the weapon of wisdom. He shouldguard his conquest and be without attach-ment.The spirit which disturbed the monks
While residing at the Jetavana mon-astery in Sa-vatthi, the Buddha uttered Verse(40) of the Suttanta Pitaka, Khuddaka Nikaya,DHAMMAPADA (The highly Treasuredbook), Chapter III, Cittavagga (Mind),Pañcasatabhikkhu Vatthu, with reference tofive hundred bhikkhus.
A group of bhikkhus from Sa-vatthi,
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qif;Munhfwmayhg/ MunfhvkdufwJhtcsdefrSm ta&mifuawmh tifrwefvS
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usifwpfckvHk; tykyfeHHYawG vdIifoGm;w,f/ b,folrS raeEdkifbl;? ESmacgif;
awG ydwfukefw,f/
bk&ifBuD;u ]][m- ig;ujzihf tifrwefvSw,f/ ykyfapmfu
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wm usaewmyJ/
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&w,f/ t&Sifbk&m; olbmaMumihf a&Tig;jzpf&wmygvJbk&m;}} vdkY
ar;avQmufawmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u tem*wHoÓPfeJY olY&JUtwdwfb0
udk Munhfawmfrlw,f/
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wJh &[ef;yJ/ ouFef;0wfNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;&JU w&m;awmfawGudk
pmrsufESm 12 odkY
a[majymjyocJhwJhtwGufaMumifh olYcEmudk,f[m a&Ta&mifawmufae
wmjzpfw,f/ aumif;wmav;vkyfvdkY aumif;usdK;awmh &wmayhgaemf/
odkYaomfvnf; wu,hfolawmfpifawG? &[ef;awmfawGudk qJcJhvdkY yg;pyfu
ykyfapmfeHaewmjzpfw,f/
tJ'Dawmh t&yfxJrSm qJwJholawGvnf; owdxm;&r,faemf/
qJvdkY&Sd&if yg;pyfykyfapmfeHw,fwJh/ at;- tJ'DvdkyJ jrwfpGmbk&m;u
twdwfb0udk a[mjy½Hkwifrubl;/ oufaoxlwJhtaeeJY tJ'Dig;BuD;udk
jrwfpGmbk&m;u ar;w,f/ ar;awmh ig;BuD;u vlYbmompum;eJYajym
w,fwJh/ ]]uydvygbk&m;}}/ b,fuvmwmvJvdkYar;wJhtcg ]]t0Dpdi&JBuD;
u vmcJhwmyg}} wJh/ olvkyfcJhwJhtukodkvfawGu usefaeao;vkdY tppf&
wmjzpfw,f/ aps;0,f&ifom tqpfawmif;vkdY&wmr[kwfbl;/ tukodkvf
vnf;yJ tqpfay;ao;w,f/ owdxm;/ tukodkvfuHawGuvnf; tqpf
awmh ay;wwfao;w,faemf/ aps;0,f&ifom tqpf&csifrS&wm/ em&D
tBuD;BuD;0,fNyD; em&Dao;ao;av; tqpfawmif;wmrsdK;jzpfaeOD;r,f/
tJ'DrSm tukodkvfaMumihf t0Dpdi&JrSm tjynhft0cH&NyD;wJhtjyif
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tJ'Dvdkajym&if; olYtaMumif;awG vlodukefNyD/ &Sufvnf;&Suf?
pdwfvnf;npfNyD;awmh tJ'Dig;BuD;[m olYudk,fol acgif;eJYavSeJYapmifhNyD;
aoqHk;oGm;w,f/ t0Dpdi&J jyefa&mufoGm;owJh/
aMomf- ckewkef;u o&P*HkwnfNyD;awmh aoqHk;oGm;wJh "m;jy
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vmNyD; wHigonf&JUom;orD;awGjzpfNyD; uydvig;BuD;udkzrf;rdawmh bk&m;qD
a&mufwJhtcg bk&m;&Sif&JUw&m;emNyD;awmh olwdkYuvnf; oHa0*awG
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tJ'D wHigonfom;ig;&m[m wu,hftjzpftysufudkawGUNyD;
awmh tuRwfw&m;&NyD; tJ'DrSm omoemhabmif0ifNyD;awmh &[ef;cHMu
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5
"r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/
Ak'¨*Dwdum
(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&
DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
b0vrf;ñTef 38- jzm r*Fvmrdwfquf
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av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom&
r[marm*¾vmeaw¦& 0w¦K
Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf
aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg
& Si farm* ¾vme ftm;vnf; xd kenf ;w lp Gm
awG;awm Muí bk&m;xHavQmuf&mwGif
]],ómv,m e 0dZÆEÅ d}} paom *gxmukd
a[mawmfrlonf/
,ómv,m e 0dZÆEÅd?
tnm, tuxHuxD/
trawm*"} rEkyÜwHå?
wr[H jALrd jAm[®PH/
jrefrmuAsm
wG,fwmr&Sd jrifod opöm?
odkYavm odkYavm awG;awmuif;uGm?
raoat;jr a&muf&olom?
igZde rdefY[ jAm[®Pm/
He who has no longings, whothrough knowledge is free from doubts,who has plunged into the Deathless(Nibbana), him I call a brahnama.pum;ajy/ / tMuifyk*¾KdvfrSm xkdxkd
tm½kH umr*kPf0,f wG,fwmuyfNid wPSm
vnf;r&Sd/ ynmjzihf (opömw&m;ukd odjrifxm;
aomaMumihf) odk Yavm odk Yavm awG;awm
oHo, r&Sd/ aojcif;uif;&m (edAÁmef)odk Y
oufqif;0ifa&mufaomyk*¾Kdvfukd jAm[®P[k
igbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrl\/
(26) umave "r®ó0eH
oihfavsmfwJhtcg w&m;emyg?
w&m;pmzwfyg/
(26) Ka-lena Dhamma- ssavanam.
Listen Dhamma At proper timeRead Dhamma books
BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm&Sd&rnhf (26)
ckajrmuf t&nftcsif;
(26) umave "r®ó0eH
oih favsmfaomtcg w&m;emjcif;
&Hzef&Hcg w&m;emjcif;? w&m;pm
zwf Edkifjcif;onfvnf; BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdk
olwdkif;rSm &Sdxm;&rnhf t&nftcsif;aumif;
wpfck (=r*Fvm wpfyg;) jzpf\/jrwfpGm
bk&m;\w&m;awmfrsm;onf emMum;zwf½I
oludk &ifat;apNyD; usihfBuHtm; xkwfoludk
vnf; udk,fpdwfESpfjzm usef;rmcsrf;om
apygonf/
vlYavmuwGif aexkdifoGm;vm
vIyf&Sm; aeMuaom avmuDvlom;rsm;onf
rdrdcEmudk,f touf&SnfwnfwHha&;? rdom;pk
pm;0wfaerI ajyvnfa&;twGuf vIyf&Sm;
½kef;uef &SmazGae& onfjzpf&m tqifajyí
ud k,fp dwfcsr f;om& onh ftcg &S dovd k
tqifrajybJ udk,fpdwfqif;&J &onhftcg
vnf; &S dayonf/ xd ktcgrs d K ;ü ]]vkyf
wkdif;rjzpf pdwfrnpfeJ Y? udk,fvkyfwkdif;
om? jzpfae ygu? b,frSm tewå&Sdrnf
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pmwpfydk'f zwf&½Hkjzihf tawmftwef&ifat;
oGm;Ekdifayonf/ ajzom&m &oGm;Edkifay
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td k ç emç ao 'ku©E Si h fruif;E d ki f Mu&um;?
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wnfwnfNidrfNidrf aexdkifvdkonfqkdygu &Hzef &Hcg
w&m;pmrsm;ud k pdwf0ifwpm;zwfyg/ w&m;
awmfrsm;udk pdwf0ifwpm; emMum;usihfoHk;ygav/
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w&m;emvQif? pdwfjzLpif? Munf&Tif 0rf;ajrmuf
vm/
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em,lum/
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-r*FvmhtjrLaw/
uav;wdkYa&...
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jim;u? rMum;pzl;? Mum;&xl;NyD? Mum;zl;
NyD;jyef? xyfrHí&Sif;? vGwfuif;,HkrSm;? ajzmihf
om;t,l? p dwf MunfjzLonf? ig;ql&Nr J
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yg&rD"mwfcH&S d Muayr,hf bk&m;&Sifa[m "r®
pMumw&m;udkem&rS w&m;xl; &Muw,fuG,hf/
'DvdkyJ? t&Sifom&dykwå&m[mvnf; t&SiftóZd
xHu w&m;em&rS w&m;xl;&oGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh
rd k Y w&m;emzd k Y[m tifrwefta&;BuD;w,f/
w&m;em&wm tifrwefvnf; tusdK;rsm;w,f
uG,fh/
uav;wd k Ya&- vltrsm;p kuawmh
w&m;pmzwfwmwdkY? w&m;xdkifwmwdkYukd touf
BuD;r Svky f&w,fvd k Y xifaeMuw,f/ tJ'g
tawmfrSm;,Gif;wJ ht,ltqyJ/ uav;wd k Y-
ausmif;ydwfvdkY tm;vyfwJhtcg upm;p&m&Sdwm
vnf; upm;ayhg/ ausmif;pmtjyif jyifyA[kokw
&apr,hfpmawG? bmoma&;pmapmifawGvnf;
zwfwJhtcg zwfayghuG,f/ i,fi,fuwnf; u
w&m;"r®eJY xdawGUxm;av (toufBuD;vdk Y
w&m;vkduf pm;wJhtcg) ydkaumif;avyJuG,hf
rSwfxm;Muaemf/
(26)
r*Fvm r*Fvm? 38 jzm r*Fvm/
26- rSm a[mñTefMum;?
"r®ó0e r*Fvmw&m;/
bk&m;a[mMum; a'oem?
oifhavsmfwJhtcg emMum;yg/
w&m;emí 0*¾Drsm;?
0#f'ku©rS vGwfajrmufoGm;/
csrf;omvdkvm; nDri,f?
Ak'w&m; emMum;uG,f/
Ak'w&m; emMum;rS?
0#f'ku©rS vGwfr,fy/
av;tdrfpk t&Sif0dpdwåom&
6"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
tvSL'gejyKMu&m0,f (24)
rkH&GmaeZm
,ciftywfrStquf
orm"djzpf&ef? orm"dxlaxmif&ef
orxur®|mef;enf;u (40)txd &Sdw,f/
- yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,m pwJh
]uokdPf; ½I&ef} (10) yg;?
- O'Krmwu? 0deDvu pwJh ]tokb½I&ef} (10)
yg;/
- Ak'¨gEkówd? "r®mEkówd? oHCmEkówd
tp&SdwJh ]tEkówdyGm;enf;} (10)yg;/
- arwåm? u½kPm? rk'dwm? Oayu©m qkdwJh
tyÜrnmw&m; (jA[®pkd&fw&m;) (4) yg;/
- tm[ma& y#dulvonm ac:wJh (tpm
tm[m&tay:rSm pufqkyf&GH&SmzG,f trSwfjyK
&wJh) ]onmu (1) yg;/
- pwk"gwk00w¦mef qkdwJh "gwfBuD;av;yg;ukd
ydkif;jcm;rSwfom;½IyGm;&wJh (pwk"gwk) ]00w¦ef}
(1) yg;eJY
- tmumomeÍöm,we pwJh ]tm½kyÜ} (4)yg;
wdkYyJ jzpfayw,f/
orx,medu qkdwJh orxuae
0dyóem ul;quf½IyGm;&wJhenf;rSm orxukd
a&S;OD;pGm xlaxmifMuayw,f/
orx bmaMumifh xlaxmif&ovJ/
orm"djzpfatmif bmaMumihf a&S;OD;
pGm ½IyGm;Mu&ovJ/
twkdqkH; tusOf;qkH;tajzuawmh
eD0&Pw&m;awG rzkH;vTrf;atmifvdkYç vdkY ajz
&ayvdrfhr,f/
rSefygw,f/ eD0&P qkdwm tzHk;
w&m;? ydwfqkdYwwfwJhw&m;/
eD0&Pw&m;(6)yg;
(1) umrpäE eD0&P- avmb apwoduf/
(2) Asmyg' eD0&P- a'go apwoduf/
(3) xde rd' eD0&P- xderd' apwoduf/
(4) O'¨pö? ukuúKpö eD0&P- O'¨pö? ukuúKpö
apwoduf/
(5) 0dpdudpäm eD0&P- 0dpdudpäm apwoduf/
(6) t0dZÆm eD0&P- arm[ apwoduf/
tzkH;tydwfw&m;vkd YqkdwJh eD0&P
w&m;awG&JU w&m;ud k,fawGud k Munhf&if
avmb? a'go? pwJ h apwodufawGyg/
avmb? a'go? arm[ pwmawGukd avmb
pdwf? a'gopdwf? arm[pdwf vdkY tvG,fwul
ajymMuaomfvnf; pdwfud k r S DwG,faewJ h
apwodufawGyg/ 'gaMumihf v,fwDy&rw¦
oHcdyfusrf;rSm-
] ]p dwfür S Dw G,f ? p dwfud k jc,f ?
ig;q,fESih f'G duf? apwoduf}} vdk Y yxr
v,fwDq&mawmfBuD;u rdefYqkdxm;ygw,f/
(#)
Ak'bk&m;&Sif vufxufawmfu o*Fg
&0 qkdwJh ykPÖm;ukd eD0&PzkH;wJhtaMumif;
a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygw,f/ o*Fg&0[m ykPÖm;?
ykPÖm;&JUygVda0g[m&u jA[®P? olwdkYjA[®P
rsKd;awG[m a0'vkdYac:wJh aA'if? rEÅefawG
&GwftHo&ZÑm,fMuw,f/ o*Fg&0[m &GwftH
aewJh a0'rEÅefawG arharhoGm;w,f/ rrSwfrd
EkdifbJjzpfaew,f/
'DtaMumif;ukd Ak'bk&m;xH avQmuf
Mum;ar;jref;wJhtcgrSm Ak'¨jrwfpGmu arhwm
aysmufwm[m pdwfrSm eD0&Pw&m;awG zkH;
aevkdYjzpfaMumif; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhw,f/
eD0&Pw&m;awG[m pdwfudk (rSwf
ÓPf) ukd zkH;uG,fwwfwJh arhaysmufwwfwJh
aq;a&mifawGeJY wlaMumif; Oyrmay;um a[m
Mum;awmfrlygw,f/
yuwda&[m MunfvifaewJhtcg
ikHYMunhf&if ukd,hf&JUrsufESmykH&dyfukd aumif;pGm
jrifEkdifw,f/
wu,fvdkY a&xJrSm eD? jym? 0g? pdrf;
pwJh aq;a&mifawG&Sdae&if rdrd&JUrsufESmjyifukd
rjrifEkdifbl;/ tJ'Daq;a&mifawG[m ]]umrpäE
eD0&P} (avmb) eYJwlw,f/ umrpäE eD0&P
qkdwJh avmbzkH;vTrf;ae&if ½kyf? emrf"r®&JU
obm0 jzpfpOf (jzpfrI? ysufrI) udk rjrifEkdifbl;/
a&S;OD;pGm aq;a&mifawGeJYwlwJh umrpäE eD0&P
ukd z,f&Sm;ypf&r,f/ 'grSom MunfvifwJh
a&jyifukd MunhfwJhtcg rdrd&JUrsufESmoGifjyifukd
aumif;pGmjrifEdkifovkd eD0&PqkdwJh tzkH;tydwf
ukd z,fcGmvkdufwJhtwGuf ½kyfemrf&JUjzpfpOfukd
aumif;pGm jrifygawmhw,f/
'ghtwlygyJ/ MunfvifwJh a&jyif[m
yGufyGufqlae&ifvnf; ½kyfoGifukd xifxif&Sm;
&Sm; rjrifEkdifaybl;/ a&awG ylavmifNyD; qlyGuf
aewm[m pdwfudk Asmyg' eD0&P (a'go)
zkH;vTrf;aejcif;eJY wlayw,f/ qlyGufaewJha& ukd
at;oGm;atmif vkyf&ygr,f/ 'grSom at;csrf;
MunfvifwJha&jyifrSm rsufESmjyifykH&dyf aumif;pGm
jrif&ovdk ½kyfemrf&JUjzpfysufukd xifxif&Sm;&Sm;
½IjrifEkdifrSmjzpfygw,f/
'gaMumih f ylavmifaewJh Asmyg'
eD0&Pukd orm"dxlaxmifNyD; (orxusifhpOf
awGeJY) z,f&Sm;ypf&ygr,f/
NyD;awmh a&xJrSm arSmfawG&Sdae&if
vnf; a&jyif[m rMunfvifEkdifygbl;/ a&jyif
rMunfvifawmh rsufESmjyifukd rjrifovkdyJ/
pdwfrSm ]]xde rd'}} qkdwJh xkdif;rIdif;awG 0ifa&muf
aESmuf,Sufae&if ½kyfemrf&JU yifukd,fobm0
jzpfpOfukd aumif;pGm ½IjrifEkdifrSm r[kwfygbl;/
'gaMumihf xderd'¨ qkdwJh xkdif;rIdif;
ikdufjrnf;jcif; eD0&Prsm;ukd orm"dw&m;eJY
z,f&Sm;ypf&ayvdrhfr,f/
pmrsufESm 12 odkY
7
"r®0D&onf "r®0de, tvif;a&mifxdefvif;ap&ef jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
tawGU tjriftawGU tjrif
tawGU tjriftawGU tjrif
tawGU tjrif
&SifÓP (zsmyHk)
(okw^aqmif;yg;)
avmuZmwfckHay:rSm tawGUtjrif
opfawGeJY acwfrDD wpfcef;wpfu@ 0ifa&muf
ujyzdkY BuKd;pm;tm;xkwfaeMuwJh jrefrmrsKd;EG,f
aumifav;awG? aumifrav;awG tm;vkH;ukd
aus;Zl;wif&rSmjzpfovdk csD;rGrf;axmyemvnf;
jyK&rSmjzpfygw,f/ b,foabmaMumihfvJ qkd
awmh vlqkdwm touf&Sifaeoa&GU b0 &yf
wnfa&;? zGHUNzKd;wdk;wufa&;ukd BuKd;yrf;Mu&rSm
obm0usvdkYygyJ/
obm0usw, fq k dwmuawm h
pOf;pm; awG;ac:rIeJY qufpyfaeygvdrfhr,f/
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ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ 'umBuD;owif;u raumif;
owif;/ a&SUqufNyD; aumif;atmifBuKd;pm;?
ukodkvfawGrsm;rsm;jyK? vlYb0ykdifqkdifxm;whJ
tESpfom&awGqkdwm 'ge? oDv? bm0em/
'geryg oHo&m rsufESmi,f&r,f?
oDvryg oHo&m toufwkd&w,f/
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csrf;pGmae&jcif;eJ Y BuKHvmorQ'ku©awGudk
b,fvd k&ifqk di f&rvJqk dwm BuK dwif Ny D;
pOf;pm;wwf&rnf/ aezk d Ycsnf; rpOf;pm;eJ Y
aozdkYvnf; awG;wwf&rnf/ 'grSom b0ukd
NiD;aiGUwJh edAÁd'gÓPfawG ay:vmrnf/ cEmawG
&JU tjzpftysuf rNrJykH tedpö? qif;&Jjcif; 'ku©?
tpkd;r&jcif; tewåawGrS vGwfajrmufvkdaom
rkpödwkurswmÓPfvnf; xifvmayrnf/ xkdY
twl w&m;qkdwm cEmrSm&Sdovdk todÓPfeJY
pmrsufESm 26 odkY
10
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
wynfhudk&ifrsm; tbd"r®moifMum;
&if; uHtusdK;ay;&m tcsdeftcgav;rsdK;udk
&Sif;jycJ hygw,f/ vlwkdif; aeYpOf ukodkvfç
tukodkvf þESpfrsdK; ykxkZOfobm0jyKMuay
vdrhfr,f/
rdrdwdk Y jyKwJh taumif;tqdk; uH
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tusd K ;ay;wJ huH[m ty&my&d,a0'
ed,uH?
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wdkYubm rdkYvJ}} qdkwJh uAsm&JUqdkvdk
csufudk &Sif;jyygvdkY avQmufxm;w,f/
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atmfwJhtoH[m yJhwifxyfum udk,hfqDjyefvm
wm Mum;zl;Muvm;}} vdkYar;awmh tm;vHk;u
Mum;zl;ygw,f vkd Y ajzMuw,f/ xdk YtwlyJ
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ud k&i fwd k Yx H jye fvmr,f/ aemufwpfcg
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jrwfAk'aomfrS i&Judk t&d,mr*fESihf y,fowf
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tm; ajymjyrdw,f/
] ]u d k&i fw d k Y....jrwfp Gmbk&m;
vufxufu &mZN*dK[fNrd KUrSm r[momv
ykPÖm;BuD;wdkY&JUom; Owå&owdkYom;av;[m (7)
ESpfom;t&G,frSmyif a,musfm;wdkYwwfoihfwJh
t|m&owpfq,hf &Spf&yfudk wwfuRrf;wJh
twGuf 0óum&trwfBuD;utp tm;vHk;u
oabmusaew,f/ uka#&Spfq,f<u,f0
csrf;om ynmawmfwJh Owå&udk oabmusum
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q&mawmft&Sifom&dykwå&mESihftwl a0VK0ef
ausmif; tpGeftzsm; awmwef;av;rSmaew,f/
q&m&JU a0,s0pö t00udk jyKpkaeygowJh/
udk&ifav;Owå&u ]]t&Sifbk&m;? avema&m*g
b,faq;awG aomuf aysmufygovJbk&m;}} vdkY
avQmufw,f/ udk&ifOwå& ihgrSmpGJaewJh avem
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t½kPfrwufao;wm owdrxm;rdbJ oydwf
ayGUum xGufvmcJhw,f/ &mZN*dK[fNrdKUteD;
a&mufawmh aumif;uifBuD;armhMunhfwJhtcg
aumif;uifrSm Mu,fvawG vif;vufNyD;
t½kPfrwufao;wmudk awGU&w,f/ vef;qef;
oGm;atmif rsufESmopfOD;rSqdkNyD; oydwfav;
csum rsufESmopfygw,f/ tJ'Dtcs de fr Sm
NrdKUxJu azmufxGif;xm;wJh olcdk;[m aemufu
vl0d ki f;vmwmeJ Y c d k ;vmwJ h &wemxkyfud k
BuH&mrod a&uefay:rSm&SdaewJh udk&ifav;
Owå&oydwfxJxnhfum xGufajy;oGm;w,f/
NrdKUxJuvlawG[m olcdk;b,folrSef;rodEdkifwJh
ntcg udk&ifav;Owå&udk oGm;awGUygowJh/
udk&ifav;udk rouFmvdkY oydwfxJudk &SmMu
w,f/ oydwfxJu &wemxkyfawGUwJhtcg
udk&ifav;Owå&udk olcdk;[kpGJum zrf;ac:oGm;
Muw,f/ udk&ifav; Owå&u udk&if[m t&Sif
om&dykwå&m&JU wynhfyg/ uka#&Spfq,fpGefYcGm
NyD; udk&if0wfcJhwmyg/ q&m avema&m*g
twGuf pwkr"leJY ,m*ktvSLcHzdkY vmcJhwmyg/
udk&if olcdk;r[kwfygbl;/
udk&if rkom;rajymygbl;/ udk&ihfq&m
uvnf; rkom;rajymzd k Y rSmxm;ygw,fvdk Y
&Sif;jyír&? 0óum&trwfcsKyfBuD;xH zrf;í
ac:oGm;MuowJh/ 0óum&trwfBuD;uvnf;
&mZN*dK[fNrdKUu Owå&rSef;odoGm;w,f/ Owå&[m
wpfcs de fu ig horD;twGuf urf;vSrf;wm
vufrcHbJ? ihgud k t&SufcG JcJ hw,f/ olYud k
vufpm;acsr,fqdkNyD; &efNidK;zGJUum ]]okomefwp
ocsØKif;0rSm um;pifwif oHwHusifvQKd rao
rcsif; owfap}} vkdY trdefYay;w,f/ tmPm
yg;uGufom;awGu um;pifwifNyD; ckepfESpfom;
t&G,f Eke,fvSwJh udk&ifav;Owå&&JU vufz0g;?
ajcz0g;awGudk rD;zkwfNyD;om; &J&Jawmufylavmif
aewJh oHwHusiftacsmif;awGeJY txyfxyf
tcgcg ½dkufMuygw,f/ udk&ifav;&JU vufz0g;?
ajcz0g;u aoG;yGufyGufxGufNyD; jrifraumif;
atmif aoG;awG,dkpD;vmw,f/ t&G,fESif h
'Pf&mrrQawmh owdvpfoGm;&Smw,f/ owd&
wJhtcg jyif;xefpGmcHpm;ae&wJh a0'em
y,fcGmEdkifzdkY bk&m;*kPf? w&m;*kPf? oHCmh
*kPf? q&mh*kPfaus;Zl;awGudk xyfcgxyfcg
yGm;rsm;&Smw,f/ cHpm;ae&wJha0'emawG
oufomvmw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;
u &wemoHk;yg;eJY q&mh*kPfaus;Zl; txl;odwJh
udk&ifav; igbk&m;udk arQmfae&Sma&mhr,fqdkNyD;
aumif;uif,Hu a&mifjcnfawmfajcmufoG,f
vTwfcg psmeftbdÓOfwefcdk;ESifh udk&ifav;&Sd&m
pmrsufESm 26 odkY
11
"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
DHAMMA DEW
ul;ajrmufNyD;olwdkYxuf jrwfaomyk*¾dKvf
Crossed o'er, of them that crossed the best.[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif
à avmutm;vHk;udk xl;aomÓPfjzihf odí avmuü (odtyfaomw&m;) tm;vHk;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odaomaMumihf
avmutm;vHk;rS uif;awmfrl\/ avmutm;vHk;ü Niduyfjcif; (wPSm? 'd|d? Oy,)&Sdawmfrrl/
à By comprehending all the world.,, In all the world just as it is, From all the world is he released, In all the world he clingsto naught.
avmu
&[ef;wdkY? jrwfpGmbk&m;onf avmuudkxdk;xGif;í odawmfrl
\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf avmurSuif;awmfrl\/ &[ef;wdkY/ jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf avmu\jzpfaMumif;ukdxdk;xGif;í odawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
avmu\ jzpfaMumif;udk y,fawmfrl\/
&[ef;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf avmucsKyfNidrf;&m (edAÁmef)udk
xdk;xGif;í odawmfrl\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf avmucsKyfNidrf;&m (edAÁmef)
udk rsufarSmufjyKawmfrl\/ &[ef;wdkY? jrwfpGmbk&m;onf avmucsKyfNidrf;
&m (edAÁmef) odkYa&mufaMumif; tusihfudkxdk;xGif;í odawmfrl\/ jrwfpGm
bk&m;onf avmucsKyfNidrf;&m (edAÁmef) odkYa&mufaMumif;jzpfaom
tusihfudk yGm;rsm;awmfrl\/
&[ef;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ewf rm&fewf? jA[®mwdkYESihf wuG
aom ewfavmuESihf? orPjAm[®Prif;rsm; vlrsm;ESihfwuGaom
vlYavmuonf jriftyf? Mum;tyf? awGUtyf? odtyf? &tyf? &SmrSD;tyf
pdwfjzihf tzefzef usufpm;tyfaom tm½HktvHk;pHkudk xdk;xGif;í odawmf
rl\/ xdkYaMumihf ]wxm*w} [kqdktyf\/
&[ef;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf twkr&Sdaom t&[wår*fÓPf
udk xdk;xGif;í odawmfrlaom nOfhESihf? 0dygufur®Z½kyft<uif;r&Sdaom
edAÁme"mwfjzihf y&dedAÁmefpHawmfrlaom nOfhwdkY\ tMum;ü a[majym`rGwf
[ñTefjyawmfrltyfaom w&m;tvHk;pHkonf a[majym`rGwf[ñTefjywdkif;
omjzpf\/ wpfyg;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzih f rjzpf/ xd k YaMumih f
]]wxm*w}} [kqdktyf\/
&[ef;wdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;onf tMuifokdYaom tjcif;t&mtm;
jzihf ajymqdkavh&Sd\/ xdkodkYaomtjcif;t&mtm;jzihf jyKavh&Sd\/ tMuif
odkYaomtjcif;t&mtm;jzihf jyKavh&Sd\/ xdkodkYaom tjcif;t&mtm;jzihf
ajymqdkavh&Sd\/ þodkYvQif ajymqdkavh&Sdonfhtwdkif; jyKavh&Sd\/ jyKavh
&Sdonfhtwdkif; ajymqdkavh&Sd\/ xdkYaMumihf ]wxm*w} [kqdktyf\/
&[ef;wdkY ewfrm&fewf jA[®mESihfwuGaom ewfavmuESihf
orP jAm[®Prif;rsm;? vlrsm;ESihfwuGaom vlYavmuü jrwfpGmbk&m;
onf (olwpfyg;wdkYudk) vTrf;rdk;awmfrlEkdif\/ (olwpfyg;wdkYu) rvTrf;rdk;Edkif/
pifppftm;jzihf jrifwwf\/ rdrdtvfdkodkYvdkufapEkdif\/ xdkYaMumihf ]wxm
*wm} [kqdktyf\/
avmutm;vHk;udk xl;aom ÓPfjzih fodí? avmuü
(odtyf aom w&m;) tm;vHk;udk [kwfwdkif;rSefpGm odaomaMumihf
avmutm;vHk; rSuif;awmfrl\/ avmutm;vHk;ü Niduyfjcif;
(wPSm? 'd|d? Oy,) &Sdawmf rrl/
xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf pifppftm;jzihf tm½Hktm;vHk;wdk Yudk
vTrf;rd k; awmfrlEk dif\/ ynmESih f jynhfpH kawmfrl\/ tvHk;pH kaom
The world"Monks," the world is fully comprehended by a Tatha-
gata. From the world a Tatha-gata is released. "Monks," The aris-ing of the world is fully comprehended by a Tatha-gata: the aris-ing of the world is abandoned by a Tatha-gata.
The ending of the world is fully comprehended by aTathagata: the ending of the world is realized by a Tatha-gata.
"Monks," the practice going to the ending of the worldis fully comprehended by a Tatha-gata: the practice going to theending of the world is made to become by a Tatha-gata.
"Monks," whatsoever in the whole world, with the worldof Ma-ras, Brahma-s, together with the host of recluses and bra-
hmins, of devas and mankind, is seen, heard, sensed, cognized,attained, searched into, pondered over by the mind, all that isfully comprehended by a Tatha-gata.
That is why he is called "Tatha-gata."Moreover, whatever a Tatha-gata utters, speaks and pro-
claims between the day of his enlightenment and the day onwhich he passes utterly away, all that is just so and not other-wise.
Therefore is he called "Tatha-gata.""Monks," as a Tatha-gata speaks, so he does: as he does,
so he speaks.That is why he is called "Tatha-gata.""Monks," in the whole world, with the world of Devas,
of Ma-ras, of Brahma-s....of devas and mankind, a Tatha-gata isconqueror, unconquerored, all-seeing, omnipotent.
Therefore is he called "Tatha-gata."By comprehending all the worldIn all the world just as it is,from all the world is he released,In all the world he clings to naught.He is the all victorious sage:'Tis he who loosens every hond:By him is reached the perfect peace(Nibbana) that is void of fear.The Enlightened One, the passion-free,Sinless, who hath cut of all doubts,Hath reached the end of every deed,Freed by removal of the base.Exalted One, Enlightened he,The lion he without compare.For the deva-world and world of menHe caused the Brahma-wheel to roll.Wherefore the devas and mankind
"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/
12
DHAMMA DEW
pmrsufESm 4 rStquf
tBuD;qHk;vl&JUemrnfawmhygw,f/ ],aomZ} vdkYac:w,f/ tJ'D,a,mZ
trSL;&SdwJh &[ef;ig;&m[m uydvig;BuD;udkawGUBuHK&vdkY oHa0*awGjzpfNyD;
awmh omoemabmif0ifNyD;awmh w&m;usihfMuwmwJh/
jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifudk,fawmfjrwfu ]uydvokwåef} qdkNyD;
awmh a[mao;w,f/ ]]avmurSm jrwfaomtusihfusihfaewJhtcgrSm
pdwfaeoabmxm;raumif;vdkY EIwfMurf;vQmMurf;eJY olawmfaumif;awG
udk qJa&;r,fqdk&if tjzpfqdk;awGeJY BuHKawGUEdkifw,f/ pdwfaumif;ESvHk;
aumif;&SdzdkY tifrwefrS ta&;BuD;w,f/ w&m;[m w&m;odNyD;awmhusihfrS
tusdK;&Edkifw,f/ w&m;odNyD;awmh rusihfbl;qdk&if 'Dvdktjzpfqdk;rsdK;eJY
BuHKawGUEdkifw,f}} vkdY jrwfpGmbk&m; 'Dvdka[mygw,f/
'gaMumifhrdkY w&m;cspfcifolawmfpif y&dowftaygif;wdkY[m
]w&m;odvsuf tusihfcuf} qdkwmvdkrjzpfapbJeJY rdrdwdkYod&if odwJh
twkdif; w&m;"r®qdkwm vkdufemusihfoHk;rSomvQif tusdK;&Sdw,f/ rdrdwdkY
b0 tusdK;&SdzdkY&m odatmifvnf; BudK;pm;tm;xkwfMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/
odwJhtwkdif;vnf; usihfBuHBudK;ukwf tm;xkwfMuzdkY ta&;BuD;w,fqdkwm
udk tm;vHk;oabmaygufNyD; edAÁmefcsrf;omudk arQmfrSef;vsuf omoemawmf
eJY BuHKawGUaewJhtcsdefrSm w&m;"r®udk od&Sdem;vnfvdkYusihfBuHBudK;ukwf
tm;xkwfawmfrlEdkifMuygapukefownf;/
txHk;tzG J Uwd k Yr S vGwfajrmufawmfrl\/ xd k jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
tvGefNidrf;csrf;pGmaom wpfpHkwpfckaom ab;&eftaESmihft&Suf
r&Sdaom edAÁmefudk awGUxdqdkuf a&mufawmfrl\/
tmoa0gukefNyD;aom xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf qif;&Juif;
awmfrl\/ ,HkrSm;jcif;udk y,fjzwfawmfrlNyD;jzpf\/ tvHk;pHkaom
uHwdk Y\ ukefjcif;odk Y a&mufawmfrl\/ Oy"dav;yg; wdk Yukef&m
edAÁmefodk YvGwfvGwf 0ifawmfrl\/
xd k jrwfpGmbk&m;onf opömav;yg;ud k odawmfrl\/
xd k jrwfpGm bk&m;onf twkr&S daom jcaoF hrif;jzpfawmfrlí
ewfESih fwuGaom owå avmutm; jrwfaomw&m;pMumudk
vnf apawmfrl\/
þodkYvQif tMuifewfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? tMuifvlwdkY
onf vnf;aumif;? jrwfpGmbk&m;udk udk;uG,f&m[k qnf;uyfMu
ukef\/ xdkewfvlwdk Yonf BuD;jrwfí aMumuf&GHUjcif;uif;awmf
rlaom xdkjrwfpGm bk&m;udk csOf;uyfí &Sdcd k;Muukef\/
,Ofaus;NyD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ,Ofaus;olwd k Y
xufjruf awmfr l\/ Ni dr f ;at;Ny D;aom jrwfp Gmbk&m;onf
Ni dr f ;at;olwd k Yxuf jrwfawmfr l\/ vGwfajrmuf Ny D ;aom
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf vGwfajrmufNyD;olwd k Y xufjrwfawmfrl\/
ul;ajrmufawmfr l Ny D;aom jrwfp Gmbk&m;onf ul;ajrmufol
Who went for refuge to the seer,Meeting shall pay him homage due,The mighty one, of wisdom ripe."Tamed, of the tamed is he the chief:Calmed, of the calm is he the sage:Freed, of the freed topmost is h e:Crossed o'er, of them that crossed the best"So saying shall they honour himThe mighty one, of wisdom pipe,"In the world of devas and mankindNone is there who can equal thee."(Complete translation of the Book of the Gradual say-
ings, Anguttara Nikaya, Chapter III, Uruvela wagga, The worldSutta.)
Hanthawaddy-U Ohn Kyaing
wdk Yxufjrwfawmfrl\/
þodk YvQif BuD;jrwfí aMumuf&GHUjcif;uif;awmfrlaom
xdkjrwfpGm bk&m;udk &Sdcdk;Muukef\/ ewfESihfwuGaom avmuü
0gESihfNydKifzufyk*¾dKvf [lír&SdNyD/
(q|oH*g,emwifygVdyd#uwfawmf t*Fkwå&edum,f0if okwåef
yd#ut*Fkwd¬K&fygVdawmf? pwkuúedygwf? O½ka0v0*¾? avmuokwfudkazmf
jyygonf/)
[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif
wpfcg a&[m vIy f& Sm ;ae&i fvnf; r sufE Sm jyi fu d k
xifxif&Sm;&Sm; oJoJuGJuGJ rjrif Ekdifygbl;/ tJovdkyJ pdwfrSm ]O'pö? ukuúKpö?
eD0&P} qkdwJh pdwfysHUvGifhrIawG aemifw wpfzef ylyefaqG;ajrUrIawG
0ifa&mufaESmuf,Suf y dwfz k H ; ae&ifvnf; ½ ky femrf jzp fpOfuk d
rjrifEkdifaybl;/ 'gaMumihf avaMumifh vIyf&Sm;wwfwJh a&jyifukd
wnfNidrfatmifapmihfNyD;MunhfrS rsufESmjyif jrif&ovkd ½kyfemrfjzpfpOfukd
ÓPfeJYrjrifEkdifatmif ydwfzkH;wwfwJh ]]O'pö ukuúKpö eD0&P}}w&m; awGukd
orxeJY z,f&Sm;ypf&ygw,f/
wp fze f a&[m te,ftr Ie f YawG r sm ;ae&i fvnf;
MunfMunfvifvif rjrifEkdif ovkd pdwfudk ]0dpdudpäm} qkdwJh oHo, eD0&P
zkH;tkyfae&ifvnf; ÓPftjrif rMunfvifEkdif aybl;/ 'Dawmhum
te,ftrIefYeJYwlwJh 0dpdudpäm eD0&Pukd tvsifz,f&Sm;&ayw,f/ o*Fg&0
jA[®Pvkvifukd Ak'bk&m;&Sifu a[mMum;cJh wmukd rdrdem;vnfovkd
jywmyg/ oabmus Muvdrfhr,fvdkY xifygw,f/
rSDNidrf;udk;um;-
rk d;ukwfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\a[mpOfrsm;/
a'gufwmeE´rmvmbd0Ho\a[mMum;csuf rsm;/
earmor®morÁK'¨ó rkH&GmaeZm
qufvufazmfjyygrnf
pmrsufESm 6 rS
13
DHAMMA DEW
"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
rmez,f&Sm; aumif;usKd;yGm;]]rSefuif;wpfvSnhf xif;wpfvSnhf}}
[laom jrefrmpum;yHkwpfck&Sdygonf/ &nf&G,f
wJhtaMumif;&if;rSm rSefuif;[lonf opfom;wdkY
jzihf jyKvkyfxm;jcif;jzpfNyD; wefaqmif;? jymom'f
wdkY\xdyfzsm;rSm txGwfwyfay;xm;jcif;jzpfonhf
twGuf tjrihfqHk;rSm 0ihf0ihf<um;<um; aecGihf&
aom t&mrsdK;jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf b,favmuf
yif xdyfzsm;xufrSm 0ihf<um;ae&ygap? a[mif;EGrf;
aqG;ajrUvmwJhwaeY NydKusysufpD;vmwJhwaeYrSm
awmh rSefuif;b0u xif;b0udka&mufoGm;&wJh
tjzpfuJhodk Y vlYb0rSmvnf; b,favmufyJ
&mxl;pnf;pdrf*kPf&SdefqdkwJh tqihftwef;awG
jrihfrm;aeygap? rdrd&JUuHZmwmukefwJhwpfaeYrSm
xdyfqHk;uae? bdwfqHk;udk a&muf&wwfaMumif;
qdkvdkcsufjzpfayonf/ wenf;tm;jzihf rmefrme
axmifvTm;wwfwJholawGudk owday;xm;aom
ynm&SdwdkY\ tqdktrdefYwpfcktjzpf owfrSwfEdkif
ygonf/
pifppftm;jzihf vlom;rSefvQif ]rme}
qdkonfrSm arG;&mygw&m;wpfck[k rSwf,l&yg
rnf/ owå0gwdkYtm; oHo&m0#f'ku©rS rvGwfEdkif
atmif? tyg,f'k*¾wdodkY usa&mufatmif qGJcs
wwfaom ]wPSm? rme? 'd|d} [laom yyÍöw&m;
oHk;yg;wGif wpfyg;tygt0ifvnf;jzpfayonf/
xdkYaMumifh rme[laomw&m;onf vlom;wdkY
twGuf owdxm;&rnfh aMumufp&maumif;
aom w&m;wpfcktjzpf od&Sdxm;&ayrnf/ rme
\ teuft"dyÜg,fudk ]]t[H uma,m rnwD
wd rmaem OEéwdvu©aPm}} [k oN*ØK[f
bmom #DumwGif 0dN*dK[ftm;jzihf zGihfqdkxm;yg
onf/ t"dyÜm,frSm t[Huma,m- igwpfum;
[k axmifvTm;jyKvsuf? rnwDwd- xifrSwfwwf
\ tjzpfaMumihf? rmaem- rmernf\/ OEéwd
vu©aPm? axmifvTm;wwf<ujcif; vu©Pm&Sd
\[k jzpfayonf/ rmeudk rmef[kac:qdk&jcif;
rSm rme[laom ygVdpum;udk o'genf;jzihf ei,f
\ rSD&m ]t} o&udkacsí ]rmef} [k ygVdoufç
jrefrma0g[m&tjzpf toHk;jyKxm;jcif;jzpfay
onf/ vlwdkYrSm jzpfay:wnfudef;wwfonhf rmeç
ESihfywfoufí rmefoHk;rsdK;cGJjcm;xm;onfudk
awGU&ygonf/
(u) ao,syk*¾dKvf (jrwfaomvlrsdK;) wdkYrSm &Sd
wwfaom- ao,sç rmef/
(c) o'doyk*¾dKvf (olrsm;ESihfwef;wljzpfolvlrsdK;)
wdkYrSm&Sdwwfaom- o'dormef/
(*) [Deyk*¾dKvf (olrsm;atmufedrfhusaom vlrsdK;)
wdkYrSm&Sdwwfaom [Deç rmef ponfwkdYjzpfyg
onf/
t&Sifokpdwåom&(rkwfuRef;&wem)
(1) ao,sç rmefqdkonfrSm- *kPf
odrfOpöm ynm tqif;ponftm;jzihf tbuf
bufrS olwpfyg;xufomonf[kxifrSwfí
axmifvTm;jcif;/
(2) o'doç rmefqdkonfrSm- rdrdESifh
olwpfyg; *kPf&nfwef;wl&Sdojzihf ]]oif;wdkYavmuf
awmh igwdkYu ta&;xm;p&m (rIp&m) rvkdbl;}}
[k rdrdudk,fudkrSwfxifí axmifvTm;jcif;/
(3) [Deç rmefqdkonfrSm- rdrdu
edrfhyg;oljzpfaomfvnf; ]]udk,fh&SdrS udk,fpm;&wm?
udk,fvkyfrS udk,fpm;&wm? b,folYrS atmufBudKU
p&mrvdkygbl;}} [k xifrSwfí axmifvTm;jcif;
ponftm;jzihf rmefaxmifjcif;oHk;yg;wdkY&SdMu
ukef\/
pifppftm;jzihf rmefrme[lonf wnf
udef;aeaom owå0grSeforQwdkYtm; tusdK;rJhjzpf
apEdkifaom w&m;jzpfayonf/ odkYaMumihfyif Ak'
omoemawmfudk ouf0if,HkMunfMuukefaom
olawmfaumif;taygif;wdkYonf twwfEdkifqHk;
rmefrmeudk csdK;ESdrfxm;wwf&ygrnf/ wpfcgu
pma&;oltm; wynhfav;wpfa,mufu ar;
avQmufzl;onf/ ]]bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;0if;awG
rSm bmaMumifh zdeyfrpD;oihfwmygvJbk&m;}} wJh/
bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;0if;rsm;wGif
vlwdkYzdeyfrpD;&aMumif; tm;vHk;odxm;NyD;jzpf
aomfvnf; tcsdKUbkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;rsm;wGif
zdeyfpD;cGihfjyKxm;ojzihf vlwdkYpD;Muonfudkvnf;
awGUzl;ygonf/ þtcsufaMumifh bkef;awmfBuD;
ausmif;rsm;wGif zdeyfpD;oihf rpD;oihfudk ar;jref;
jcif;? jiif;cHkjcif;rsm;&Sdaeonfudkvnf; rMumcP
Mum;&ygonf/ xdktjcif;t&mESihfywfoufí
tjypf&Sdjcif;? r&Sdjcif;qdkonfrSm ]udk,hft,ltq
ESihfudk,f} jzpfaeí rdrdrqHk;jzwfay;vdkyg/ odkYaomf
bmoma&;½IaxmihfrStjrifudkwifjy&vQif
ausmif;uefç bk&m;[lonf Ak'¨bmom
0ifwdk Y\ txGwftjrwfxm;&m omoemh
e,fajrjzp fygonf/ &wemoH k ;yg;wd k Y
wnfude f ;&mae&mjzp fojzih f bmom
w&m;ud k tav;xm;Muolwd k Y onf
ausmif;uefbk&m;\ y&0kPftwGif;od k Y
csif;eif;0ifa&mufvmNyDqdkvQif rdrdwd k Y\
rmefrmeud k E S dr f hc saom taetm;jzih f
vnf;aumif;? bmomw&m;ud k ½ d kao
ñ Gw fw G m ;tav ;xm ; j c i f ;tm ; j z i h f
14
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/
vnf;aumif; xD;½kyfjcif;? OD;xkwfcRwfjcif;?
zdeyfcRwfjcif; ponfwdkYonf a&S;ya0oPD
uyif usih foH k ;vmcJ haom bmoma&;
xH k ;wrf;pOfvm ,Ofaus;r Iwpfc kvnf;
jzpfayonf/
xdkodkYjyKvkyfMujcif;\ t"dutaMumif;
t&if;rSm zdeyf[lonf vlwdkY\toHk;taqmif
rsm;wGif ,kwfedrfhaomtoHk;taqmifjzpfygonf/
rdrdonf rnfrQyif &mxl;? pnf;pdrf? *kPfodrfBuD;
rm;aeoljzpfygap? jrihfjrwfaom omoemhe,f
ajrt&mrftwGif;odkY 0ifa&muf&mwGif zdeyfcRwf
jcif;jzihf rmefrmewdkYudk c0gcsjcif; (0g) csdK;ESdrfypf
vkduf&ma&mufouJhokdY *½k*g&0w&m;udk ydkí
tav;teufxm;&m a&mufapEdkifonf[laom
cH,lcsufaMumifhyifjzpfayonf/ xdk YaMumifh
bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif; y&0kPftwGif;wGif zdeyf
pD;jcif;onf tjypf&Sdjcif;? r&Sdjcif;xuf rdrd\
rmefrmeudk ESdrfhcsjcif;ESifh bmomw&m;udk ½dkao
av;pm;jcif;aMumifh jyKvkyfoihfaomt&mç
vkdufemoifhaomt&m[líom rdrdtaejzihf
rSwfxifrdygonf/
omrefykxkZOfvlom;wdkYwGif avmuD
e,fy,fü rmefrmeonf xm;tyfonhfae&m
vnf;&Sdí rxm;tyfonhfae&mvnf;&Sdygonf/
aumif;onhftjcif;t&mwdkYwGif olvnf;jzpf
atmifvkyfEdkifvQif igvnf;jzpfatmifvkyfEdkif&
rnf/ olBudK;pm;Edkifovdk igvnf;BudK;pm;Edkif&
rnf- ponfjzihf tm;rmeftjynfht0xm;um
tEkdifrcH t½IH;ray;aom pdwf"mwfrsdK;onf xm;
tyfaom ]rme} jzpfonf/ rdrd\rmefrmeudk
axmifvTm;wwfaom ]rme} rsdK;um; rxm;tyf
aom rmersdK;jzpfonf/ vlYavmu vlYobm0
t& rmefrmeaxmifvTm;wwfolrsm;udk txif
ao;wwfç pufqkyf&GH&SmwwfMuouJhodkY rmefrme
uif;olç rdrdudk,fudkESdrfhcswwfolwdkYudkrl txif
BuD;av;pm;wwfMuonfrSm avmu"r®wm
oabmwpfckyifjzpfonf/ xdkYaMumifh a&S;ynm&Sd
rsm;u aemifvmaemufom;wdkY rmefrmeuif;Edkif
Muap&ef yHkjyifom"ursm;jzihf tqHk;tray;
xm;cJhonfrsm;&Sdygonf/
]]a&S;tcg &Gmwpf&GmwGif ÓPfynm
tajrmftjrifBuD;rm;aom v,form;BuD;
wpfa,mufonf om;jzpfoltm;ac:í v,f
awmodkYoGm;avonf/ v,fuGif;xJ&Sd pyg;yif
rsm;rSm toD;oD;vsuf&S daeNyDjzpf&m tcsdKU
aumufESHrsm;rSm axmifvsuf&SdaeNyD; tcsdKU
aumufESHrsm;rSmrl ajrjyifESihfxdvkeD;yg;rQ idkufus
vsuf&SdaeMuonf/ xdkt&mudkjrifaom om;i,f
u ]]zcif- pyg;ESHwdkYonf tcsdKUuaxmifvsuf&Sd
í tcsdKUu idkufvsuf&SdaeonfrSm b,ftwGuf
aMumifhygenf;}} [k ar;vQif zcifu ]]om;i,f-
a&S;OD;pGm axmifvsuf&Sdaom pyg;ESHudk cl;Munhf
vkdufyg}} [k apckdif;vkdufonf/ om;jzpfolu
axmifaeaompyg;ESHtm; cl;vkdufaomtcg
zcifjzpfolu ]]cspfom;- þpyg;ESHwGif tqH&Sd
oavm? r&Sdoavm}} [k ar;vQif om;jzpfolu
]]tdkç zcif þpyg;ESHonf txifBuD;p&m axmif
vTm;aeaomfvnf; twGif;ürl tqHr&Sd tzsif;
oufrQom &Sdaywum;}} qdkum[k pyg;ESHudk
vTwfypfvkdufavonf/
aemufwpfzef zcifjzpfolu om;
jzpfoltm; idkufaeaompyg;ESHudkcl;apí ]]cspfom;
þpyg;ESHwGif tqH&Sdoavmç r&Sdoavm}} [k
ar;vQif om;i,fu ]]tdkç zcif þpyg;ESHonf
um; ajrjyifESihfxdvkrQ&Sdí txifBuD;p&m r&Sd
aomfvnf; taphtqHwdkYum; jynhfvsuf&Sdaeyg
onf}} [k ajzMum;avonf/ xdktcgrS zcifjzpf
olu ]]cspfom;- þpyg;ESHwdkYuJhodkYyif ynmr&Sd
aomolwdkYum; tqHr&Sdaom pyg;ESHuJhodkY axmif
vTm;wwfí ynmtqDtESpfjzihfjynhf0olwdkYum;
idkufaompyg;ESHuJhodkY rdrdudk,fudk ESdrfhcsíaewwf
Muonf/ xdkYaMumifh cspfom;ç oifonfvnf;
tqHr&Sdaom pyg;ESHuJhodkY rmefrmeaxmifvTm;
wwfolrsm;udk a&Smif&Sm;í tqH&Sdaom pyg;ESH
uJhodkY rdrdudk,fudk tNrJESdrfhcsíaewwfaom ynm
&SdwdkYudkomvQif udk;uG,fqnf;uyf&rnf}} [k
rSmMum;qHk;rcJhav\/ ,if;ESihfpyfí ]]pyg;ESH
tqHjynhfíiH k Y ç vluHkxH pdwfrmefavsmhí
usHKU}} [k ynm&Sdwdk Y jrefrmrIwGif qkdprSwf
jyKcJhayonf/ þyHkjyifav;udk erlem,lí rmefç
rme[lonf rxm;tyfç r&Sdtyfaomt&m
tjzpf owfrSwfxm;&rnfjzpfygonf/
xdkuJhodkYyif avmukwå&mt&müvnf;
oHo&mrS xGufajrmuf&mvrf;udk &vdkç a&muf
vdkí (0g) r*fzdkvfedAÁmefudk &vdkí w&m;"r®udk
usihfBuHyGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuukefaom ]olawmfpif
olawmfaumif;} rSefvQif ]]ajcokwfykqdk;? ajrpG,f
usdK;}} uJhokdY rme[lorQudk c0gcsxm;&rnf[k
a&S;ynm&SdwdkY rdefYqdkxm;ygonf/ w&m;bm0em
ur®|mef;pD;jzef;aeaom a,m*Dyk*¾dKvf\oEÅmef
ü rmefcHaevQif (0g) rmeudk tNyD;wdkifrcsdK;ESdrfEdkif
vQif ]w&m;xl;} r&Edkif[k qdkygonf/ xkdYaMumifh
rmefvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u-
]]wvHcEm þudk,frSmvQif? auom
tp 'Gwåd Ho[k? pdwfuñTwfcg? Munhf½Iyg
vQif? acgif;rSm qHaxG;? udk,ftarG;ESih f?
a&maxG;aygif;pnf; ajcvufonf;wnf;?
oGm;vnf;axGaxG? ÓPfüazGavm? ta&
tom;? taMumrsm;ESihf? ½dk;wGif;jcifqD tvDvD
udk? igonfxifvif; igb,foif;[k? igoGif;
í&Sm r&ombJ? auomtp 'Gwåd Houdk?
pdwfuigxif rdkufarSmif0ifí? igyifç igyJ
ighudk,fyJ[k? pGJNrJouúm 0dyÜv’mESifh? wPSm
e,fwGif; wG,fwmjcif;ü? tqif;udkjy wo
oESihf? igvS igacsm igwaum[k? igaumç
aumum ravsmhombJ? armfumarmuf
armuf ajczsm;axmufí? igarmufigarmf
vlwdkif;ay:rS? rmefwuf<uvnf;? þudk,f
um, omrnü? tedpöyif rNrJtifudk? ½Iqif
jcifjim; csdKusdK;EGm;odkY? csxm;rme rwuf<u
rl? &tyfxufr*f aemufqHk;wnf;}} [k rmefrme
y,fcsEdkifrS txufr*fudk&EdkifaMumif; rdefYqdkxm;
cJhayonf/
Ak'¨vufxufawmftcgu yd#uwf
oHk;yHkudk tm*HkaqmifEdkifaom ]r[moD0} trnf&Sd
rax&fBuD;wpfyg;onf &[ef;w&m;udk tm;xkwf
vQif wcPrQjzihf &[ef;udpö NyD;Edkifvdrhfrnf}}
[laom rmefjzihf bm0emur®|mef;udk a&ukefa&
crf; tm;oGefcGefpdkuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfygaomf
vnf; ]]tESpfoHk;q,f}} wdkifatmif t&[wåzdkvf
rqkdufEdkifojzihf idka<u;rnfwrf;avaomf ewf
orD;wpfyg;u owday;aomtcgrS w&m;oabm
trSefudkqifjcifrdí t&[wåzdkvfodkY qdkufa&muf
cJhonf/ xdkenf;wlpGm yd#uwfoHk;yHkaqmif ]ayg|d
vrax&fBuD;} tm;vnf; bk&m;&Sifu ur®|mef;
udk udk,fawmfwkdifray;bJ rmefusap&ef &[ef;
awmfrsm;xHudk apvTwfawmfrlonf/ wzef
bk&m;&Sif\tvdkawmfudk odawmfrlMuukefaom
&[ef;awmfrsm;uvnf; omraPi,fav;xH
apvTwfawmfrlonf/ omraPi,fav;u
rax&fBuD;tm; ur®|mef;w&m;udk csufcsif;ray;
ao;yJ ]rmef} &Sd? r&Sdprf;oyfNyD; rmefr&Sdonfudk
odavrS ]ur®|mef;} udk ay;cJhaMumif; usrf;*ef
rsm;ü rSwfwrf;&SdcJhayonf/
azmf jyyg taMumif;t&mrsm;ud k
axmuf½Ií vlom;wdkY\oEÅmefwGif wnfudef;
vsuf&Sdaom rme[laom tukodkvfw&m;onf
vlom;wdkYtm; avmuDa&;&mwGifvnf; tusdK;
pD;yGm;rjzpf? avmukwå&ma&;&mwGifvnf;
tusdK;pD;yGm;rjzpfonfudk pm½IolwdkY od&SdEdkifMu
NyDjzpfonf/ xdkYaMumifh rdrdwdkYvlom;tm;vHk;onf
avmuDtusdK;pD;yGm;udk vdkvm;onfjzpfap?
avmukwå&m tusdK;pD;yGm;udk vdkvm;onfjzpfap
armufrmaxmifvTm;wwfaom rmefrmewdkYudk
cs d K;ES drfy,fowfí &nfrSef;csufyef;wk difud k
ta&mufavQmufvSrf;Mu&rnfjzpfayownf;/
usrf;ñTef;=oN*dK[fbmom#Dum?
rCa'0 vuFmopfBuD;
t&Sifokpdwåom& (rkwfuRef;&wem)
15
"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
&[ef;jrwfwdk Y usih fpOfw&m; odMum;em;vnfí omoemukd axmufyH hEk difygap&[ef;jrwfwdk Y usih fpOfw&m; odMum;em;vnfí omoemukd axmufyH hEk difygap&[ef;jrwfwdk Y usih fpOfw&m; odMum;em;vnfí omoemukd axmufyH hEk difygap&[ef;jrwfwdk Y usih fpOfw&m; odMum;em;vnfí omoemukd axmufyH hEk difygap&[ef;jrwfwdk Y usih fpOfw&m; odMum;em;vnfí omoemukd axmufyH hEk difygap
wuúodkvfoQifoD&d("r®mp&d,?bD-at)
a
jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf t*Fwkdif;? t*F
rif;om;wdkY\ tóyk&ed*kH;ü oDwif;okH;aepOf
&[ef;wdkYtm; &[ef;jrwfwpfyg;jzpfvmap&ef
twGuf usihfBuHtm;xkwf&rnhf enf;vrf;ukd
a[mMum;cJhygonf/
þokwfawmfü &[ef;trnfcHaeMu
aomfvnf; &[ef;jzpfaMumif;w&m;ukd usihfBuH
BuKd;ukwf tm;xkwfrSomvQif &[ef;trnfcH
jzpfMurnfjzpfaMumif; vrf;ñTefa[mMum;xm;
ygonf/
&[ef;[lorQonf-
1/ ypönf;av;yg;vSLolwdkY\ tusKd;ukd a&SU½I
vsuf usihfBuH&rnf/
2/ t&SuftaMumufw&m;&Sd&rnf/
3/ pifMu,faomukd,ftrlt&m? EIwftrlt&m
xm;um usihf&rnf/
4/ rsufpd paom £a`E´ajcmufyg;ukd apmifh
pnf;&rnf/
5/ abmZOftwkdif;t&Snfudk od&rnf/
6/ Ekd;Mum;pGm tm;xkwf&rnf/
7/ owdorÜZOfESihf jynhfpkH&rnf/
8/ eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;ukd a<u;? tema&m*g?
aESmiftdrf? uRef? c&D;cJ uJhodkY ½IrSwf&rnf/
9/ yxrpsmef paom psmefav;yg;ukd &atmif
usihfxm;&rnf/
10/ ykaAÁed0gom EkówdÓPf? pkwlyygwÓPf?
tmo0u©,ÓPfwdkY&atmif jyK&rnf/
odkYrSom &[ef;onf orP? jA[®P?
a&csKd;NyD;ol? odNyD;ol? jiif;qefNyD;ol? udavom
wdkYrS a0;ol? &[EÅmjzpfoljzpfygrnf [lí rlv
yPÖmo? r[m,ru0*f? r[mtóyk&okwfü
Ak'u a[mMum;vrf;ñTefxm;cJhygonf/
þokwfawm fw Gi f oHom&0¥
'ku©awm? armpew¦m,- oHo&m0#fqif;&JrS
v Gwf a jrmufyg& jci f ;tus K d ;i Sm [lí
cH,lcsufjzihf &[ef;abmifodkY 0ifvmMuaom
&[ef;wdkY twGuf xm;&rnhf pdwfaepdwfxm;?
t&nf tcsif;wdkYudk xkwfazmfjyoxm;ygonf/
&[ef;[lonf ouFef;0wftoGif
o@mefrQjzihf &[ef;[k trnfrcHoihf/ &[ef;
[k ac:qkdEkdifaom t&nftcsif;wdkYESihf jynhfpkH
atmifvnf; usihfBuHtm;xkwfaexkdif BuKd;pm;
Mu&rnfjzpfaMumif; Ak'¨u vrf;ñTefxm;yg
onf/
&[ef;awmf[lorQonf ukd,fyk dif
pD;yGm;a&; vkyfaqmifí b0&yfwnfaeMuol
rsm; r[kwfMuyg/ 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkY\
ypönf;av;yg; axmufyHhvSL'gef;rIukd cH,lae
olrsm;jzpfojzihf 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkY tusKd;
pD;yGm;csrf;om&a&;ukd a&S;½Iaejcif;onfom
t"dujzpfygonf/
&[ef;[lonf 'g,umwdkY\ ypönf;
av;yg;ukd cH,lí *E¦"l&? 0dyóem"l&[laom
"l&(2)yg;ukd xrf;aqmif&rnfjzpfaomfvnf;
*E¦"l&? 0dyóem"l&ukd tav;teufxm;
xrf;aqmifvkdaom &[ef;wdkYum; wjznf;jznf;
enf;yg;vmMuygonf/ ihgausmif;? ihguef? igykdif
ESih f vlom;wdk YuJhodk Y wyfrufrIawG jzpfvm
Muonf/ &[ef;tcsif;csif; ausmif;vkrI
jyóemrsm;onf Ak'bmom omoemtwGuf
tvGefyif&Sufp&m? aMumufp&maumif;aom
trIrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ &[ef;aumif;? &[ef;
jrwfwdkY owdjyKMu&rnhf tcsufjzpfygonf/
ig;ckH;rwpfaumifaMumihf wpfavSvkH;ykyf qkdouJh
odkY Ak'omoem npfEGrf;&ygvdrfhrnf/
tcsKdU oHCm&[ef;u orxtqihf
avmufusifhNyD; aA'ifa[m? aq;uk? rEÅefay;
í toufarG;onf/ tcsK dUu omoemjyK
trnfcHNyD; bbkef;? bkd;awmfbkef;vkyfum
vltrsm;udk vSnhfpm; vkyfpm;aeMuonf/
tcsK dUu avmuDtwwfynmrsm;
oifMum;NyD; oifwef;zGihfjcif;jzihf pD;yGm;&SmMu
onf/ y&[dwtwGufrMunhf? twå[dw
oufoufjzihf &[ef;b0udk &yfwnfaeMu
onf/ xk domoemjyKtrnfcH bk&m;wnf
ponf aqmif&GufaeMuaom yd#uwfpmay
rwwfbJ w&m;jyaeMuaomyk*¾dKvfrsm;ukd bGJUxl;
*kPfxl;awG cs D ; jr §i h fay;aeMuojzih fvnf;
xkdomoemjyK twkwdkY\*kPfonf vlwdkYtwGif;
0,f xifay:aeNyD; xkdyk*¾K dvfrsm; vkyforQ
t[kwfxifaeMuonf/ xkdyk*¾Kdvfrsm;udk ppfaq;
Munhfygu 0denf;odu©myk'frsm;ukd ykwfavmuf
a&;jyaomfrS rodjzpfaeMuonf/
tcsKdUu taeacsmif? tpm;acsmif
rnftxifjzihf omoemtwGif; 0ifa&mufvm
Muonf/ toufBuD;rS 'kv’btrnfcHum
0ifa&mufvmMuNyD; r[mpnfw&m; tenf;
i,ftm;xkwf? rkd;ukwfw&m; tenf;i,ftm;
xkwf Ny D;vQif q&mBuD;vky fíw&m;q&m?
ur®|mef;enf;jyq&mvkyfaeMuonf/ ppfaq;
Munhfu ur®|mef;av;q,f qkdwmukdrod? 0dok'd
(7)yg;rod? ÓPfpOf(10)yg;rod? 0dyóem
npfnL;aMumi;f(10)yg;rod/ rnfuhJodkY w&m;jy
q&mjzpfaeMuygoenf;/
þjrefrmEk difiH0,f þyk*¾K dvfrsm;
aMumifh omoemonf roefY&Sif;? rpifMu,fbJ
npfEGrf;NyD;&if; npfEGrf;aeMu&ygrnf/
tóyk&okwfvm bk&m;& Si f
vrf;ñTefxm;aom &[ef;jrwfwpfyg;jzpfzk d Y
tusihfESihf aywHwkdif;MunhfMu&efvdkygonf/
pifppftm;jzihf omoemawmftwGif;
0,f &Sifzsuf&[ef;qkd;BuD;rsm; &Sdaeaomfvnf;
avmuobm0t& taumif;ESihftqkd;? tjzL
ESih ftrJ a&maxG;wwfaomobm0&Sdonhf
tm;avsmfpGm ,aeY omoemawmfü *E¦"l&?
0dyóem"l&wkdYukd wu,f tppftrSef xrf;
aqmifaeMuaom &[ef;aumif;? &[ef;jrwf
rsm;vnf; rsm;pGm&Sdaeygao;onf/
xifay:ausmfMum;rIESihf pnf;pdrfOpöm
aemufrvkduf? twårzuf y&[dwtusKd;wdkYukd
onfykd;aeMuaom &[ef;aumif;&[ef;jrwf
rsm;vnf; trsm;tjym; &Sdaeygao;onf/
odk YtwGuf yxroH*g,emwifpOf
tcgu t&Sifr[muóy rdef YMum;cJhaom
t"r®0g'wdk Y rxGef;um;rD? rvTrf;rkd;rD? Ak'¨
omoemukdumuG,fapmihfa&SmufpkdY[k rdefYMum;
ovkd ,aeY&[ef;aumif; &[ef;jrwfwkdYonf
xkd&Sifzsuf&[ef;qkd;wdkYukd okwfoifcsdef wpfzef
a&mufvmjyefaeNyDjzpfygonf/
wpfckcufaeonfum; ,aeYacwf
'g,dum? 'g,dumrwdkYwGif atmufajcvlwef;
pm;rStp txufOpömtmPm&Sd yk*¾KdvfwdkYtxd
aA'if? aq;uk? bkd;awmftrI jyKaeMuaom
bkef;BuD;&[ef;rsm;ukd txifBuD;aeMuonf/
wefckd;&Sif? £'d&Sif? od'd&Sif [k xifrSwfaeMu
onf/ xkdyk*¾KdvfwdkY\ orxpGrf;tm;qkdonfrSm
wnfNrJonfr[kwfqkdonfudk oabmrayguf
Mu/ rk'kvu©PZmwfü psmefysH&aohBuD; psmef
avsmusonfukd owdrrlrdMu jzpfaeonf/
,aeY 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkYonf
xkdaA'if? eu©wf? ,Mwm? bkd;awmf? bkef;BuD;?
oHCmaemufodk Y waumufaumufvkdufí
aMumihfMupdkufaeMuonf/ wu,fppfrSefaom
y&d,wf? y#dywf0efaqmif &[ef;awmfrsm;?
pmrsufESm 22 odkY
16
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
vltcsif;csif; vSnh fywfjcif; uif;&Sif;Muygapvltcsif;csif; vSnh fywfjcif; uif;&Sif;Muygap
vltcsif;csif; vSnh fywfjcif; uif;&Sif;Muygapvltcsif;csif; vSnh fywfjcif; uif;&Sif;Muygap
vltcsif;csif; vSnh fywfjcif; uif;&Sif;Muygap
okw(a&ToHvGif)
vSnhfywfjcif;ukd pmaywGif rm,mESihf
omaX,s [lí ESpfrsKd;jyxm;ygonf/ rm,m\
oabmrSm vlwpfzufom; txifrSm;atmif
rdrdrSm&Sdaomtjypfukd zkH;uG,fí rdrdwGif tjypf
&S dvsuf r&S dovdk[efaqmifjcif;jzpfonf/
omaX,s\ oabmrSmum; tjcm;olrsm;
txifBuD;atmif rdrdwGifr&S daom *kPfukd
&Sd[efaqmifjcif;rsKd;yifjzpfonf/
xk dE Sp frs K d ;vk H ;r Sm tvdrf? tnm?
aumufuspf,kwfnHhaompdwfxm;rsK d;yifjzpf
onf/ vlESihf vlY0ef;usifwGif ukd,ftom&zkdY?
ukd,fae&m&zkdY? ukd,ftqifajyzkYdtwGuf rdrd\
csK dU,Gif;tm;enf;csufrsm;udk enf;rsK d;pk H jzih f
zkH;uG,fxdefcsef okd0SufwwfMuNyD; rdrd\ r&SdrJh
&SdrJh? &SdpkrJhpk rxifr&Sm; *kPfyk'f? tydkif;tpav;
rsm;ukd oJcg? zkefcg? a&aq;umjzihf ta&mif
wif? aq;qkd;? vlMum;xJodk Y twif;xkd;jy
wwfMuonf/
vuf&SdtcsdeftcgwGif ouf&Sdvlom;
rsm;\ &SifoefaexkdifvkyfukdifrIrsm;ukdMunhfí
vGefawmfrlNyDjzpfaom wdyd#u"& "r®b@m
*g&du rif;uGef;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;rS EIwfwkduf
&GwfzwfoifMumay;awmfrlcJhaom arwåmokwf
y&dwfawmfvm arwåmyGm;enf; (11)enf;ukd
trSwf&aerdygonf/
(1) vkH;pkHrsm;pGm? owå0g? csrf;omukd,fpdwf
NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(2) aMumufwwf raMumufwwf? ESpf&yfrsm;pGm?
owå0g? csrf;omukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(3) jriftyf rjriftyf? ESpf&yfrsm;pGm? owå0g?
csrf;omukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(4) a0;ae eD;ae? ESpfaxGrsm;pGm? owå0g?
csrf;omukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(5) b0ZmwfqkH; rqkH;rsm;pGm? owå0g? csrf;om
ukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(6) &Snfwdktvwf? okH;&yfcEm? owå0g? csrf;om
ukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(7) BuD; i,f tvwf okH;&yfcE¨m? owå0g?
csrf;omukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(8) ql BuKH tvwf? okH;&yfcEm? owå0g csrf;om
ukd,fpdwf NrJygap/
Oy'f&efab;? uif;pifa0;? Nidrf;at;Muygap/
(9) vltcsif;csif;? vSnhfywfjcif;? uif;&Sif;Mu
ygap/
(10) txifao;jcif;? tcsif;csif;? uif;&Sif;
Muygap/
(11) qif;&Jvkdjcif;? tcsif;csif;? uif;&Sif;Mu
ygap/
txufyg arwåmpdwfxm; vufawGU
usihfokH;oGm;&rnhf tcsuf(11)csufxJrS eHygwf
(9) ajrmuf taMumif;t&mav;ukd rSwfrSwf
om;om; owdxm;rdygonf/
] ]vltcsi f ;csi f ; ? vSnh fywf jci f ; ?
uif;&Sif;Muygap}} [líjzpfonf/ uRefawmfwkdY
&Sifoefaexkdifvsuf&Sdaom þvlYbkH? vlYb0?
vlYXmewGif vlaygif;rsm;pGm pka0;umjzihf twl
,SOfwGJ trSDo[JjyKíaeMuonf/
xkdokdY pka0;um ,SOfwGJumjzihf &Sifoef
&yfwnfaexkdifMuaom vltaygif;wdk Yonf
wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD;? wpfzGJUESihfwpfzGJU? wpfEkdifiHESihf
wpfEkdifiH pdwfxm;trSefjzihf qufqHjyKrlaexkdif
Muyg&JUvm;/ trSefwu,fwGif vltcsif;csif;?
tzGJUtcsif;csif;? Ek difiHtcsif;csif; oabm
½kd;ajzmihf pdwfraumufbJ? jzLpifoefY&Sif;? pmem
jcif;ESihf arwåma&SUxm; opömw&m;rsm;vufukdif
xm;um ½kdif;yif;ulnDpGm aeoGm;Murnfqkdyg
vQif vlom;rsm;\ b0ESihf avmuobm0wdkY
onf a&ESihfMumyrm wihfw,fvkdufzuf xm0&
Nidrf;at;vsuf&SdaeOD;rnf[k rSwfxif,kHMunf
rdygonf/
odk Yaomf ,cktcgwGif vdrfEk difrS
ynm&Sd? nmEkdifrS orm"d qkdaom pum;tvGJ
ukd vufukdifpGJí 0ihf<um;*kPf,l &yfwnfaeol
rsm;vnf; 'keYJa'; jzpfaeygawmhonf/
ukd,fu olYukdausmfí olu ukd,hfudk
cGum uwkH;ay:rSm xdyfuGuf? tuGufay:rSm
aq;okwf? aq;ay:rSm tpufcsNyD; rsufvSnhf
ESih f yÍövuf? vufvSnhfyg tazmfac:um
vSnhfywfvdkY nm0g;aeMuawmhonf/
vlYtokdif;t0dkif;twGif;üvnf; tcsKdU
tcsKdUaomolwdkYrSm rdbrsm;u pum;rwnf?
om;orD;awGu vdrfnmajymNyD;? q&mrsm;u
rkom;qkd? wynhfawGu rrSefruef ajymum?
txufvlBuD;u [efaqmifaomtcg atmuf
vlrsm;u vSnhfywfMuawmhonf/
vSnhfywfjcif;[lonf wpfenf;tm;
jzihf vdrfnmjcif;yifjzpfonf/ vdrfnmjcif;
qkdonfrSm rkom0g'uHomjzpfonf/ raumif;
aomtrI tpkpkwdkYwGif vSnhfywfvdrfnmjcif;
onf tqkd;0g;qkH;[k qkdxm;NyD; rkom;qkd0Hhol
onf rjyKvkyf&Jaom tukodkvfraumif;rI
rSeforQ r&Sd[k pmayu jyqkdxm;ygonf/
vlYavmuwGif vSnhfywfvdrfnmjcif;
trIukd ukd,fa&mpdwfyg ESpfrsKd;vkH;jzihf vGefusL;
Ek difayonf/ tvSnhfaumif;vQif wpfcP
17
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
oufom&m&Ekdifaomfvnf; vSnhfywfrIaMumifh yif
ukd,fqif;&J? pdwfqif;&JrIrsm;ESihf BuKHqkH cHpm; &NyD;
tyg,fi&Jxdwk di fusqif;Ek di fonh f oufao
om"ursm; &SdaecJhygonf/
jrwfA k' ¨\omoemawm fwGi f ol
wpfyg;wkdY wkyír&aom to'do'ge- tvSL
BuD;ukd jzpfajrmufatmifjrifatmif tBuHÓPf
ay;í t"dutusKd;aqmifay;cJhaom yaoe'D
aumovrif;BuD;\ rv’dumrdzk&m;BuD;onf
vSnhfywfvdrfnmjcif;wpfcsuftwGuf i&JrSm
b0cEmESihf ay;qufcJh&avonf/
wpfaeYwGif rv’dumrdzk&m;BuD;onf
a&csKd;cef;odk Y0ifí rsufESmopfNyD; ajcaxmuf
a&aq;&ef cg;ukdukef;vkdufpOf eef;wGif;ü arG;
xm;aom acG;wpfaumifonf rdzk&m;BuD;ESih f
twlygvmNyD; rawmfravsm ftrIuk d jyK&ef
BuKd;pm;&m rdzk&m;BuD;u txdtawGUukd om,m
NyD; Nidrfaevkdufrdonf/
xkdjzpf&yfukd aumovrif;BuD;onf
jymom'ftxuf avomjywif;aygufrS vSrf;í
awGUjrifoGm;onf/ rdzk&m;BuD; a&csK d ;cef;rS
jyefvmum rif;BuD;a&SUod k Y a&mufaomtcg
rif;BuD;rS - tjzpfoepfudkajymqdkjyum ]]t,kwf
wrmr}} [k Budrf;armif; ajymqkdavawmhonf/
xkdtcg rdzk&m;BuD;rS r[kwfrrSef aMumif;
jiif;qkdNyD; vuf&Sdjyóem ajyNidrf;oGm; ap&ef
pdwfxJay:vmonhftwkdif; vdrfnm ajymqkd
vkdufonf/ ]]rif;BuD; xl;qef;aom þ a&csKd;cef;
odkY wpfa,muf0ifonf&Sdaomf avomjywif;rS
MunhfvQif ESpfa,mufjrifawGU &ygonf/ tu,f
í rif;BuD;r,kHvQif a&csKd;cef; odkY 0ifawmfrlyg}}
[k twnfoabmESihf vSnhfywf ajymqkdvkdufonf/
todÓPfynmESih f pOf;pm;qifjcif
ÓPfenf;aom rif;BuD;onf a&csKd;cef;odkY 0if
aomtcg rdzk&m;BuD;onf avomjywif;rS
apmihfMunhfaeNyD; rif;BuD;onf qdwfrESihf rawmf
wavsmf jyKaeonf[k vSnh fywfvdrfnmum
pGyfpGJajymqkdavawmhonf/ xkdtcg rif;BuD;onf
þa&csK d;cef;odk Y wpfa,mufa,muf0ifaomf
ESpfa,mufawGU&onfrSm rSefuefonf[k,kHMunf
vufcHoGm;awmhonf/
rv’dumrdzk&m;BuD;onf rdrd\
raumif;rIESihf rdrdtay:wGif vGefpGmcspfjrwfEkd;
vSaom? ukodkvfaumif;rIrsm;pGmwkdYukd twlwl
jyKzufjzpfaomrif;BuD;tm; vSnhfywfvdrfnm
cJhrdonhftwGuf aeYpOfvkdvkd pdwfrcsrf;rom
jzpfíaecJhonf/ ]]igjyKcJhaom raumif;rIukd
bk&m;&Sifonf odawmfrlonf? t*¾om0u
t&SifjrwfBuD;ESpfyg;ESihf &Spfq,faom r[m
om0uBuD;rsm;vnf; odawmfrlMuvdrfhrnf}}
[k aemifwwpfzef ylyefaomupdwfrsm;
jzpfay:vsuf&S donf/ aemufrMumaom
tcs de fumvwGi f uG,fvGe faomtcg
jyKr lc J hz l ;onh f trSwfrxif vSnh fywf
vdrfnmcJhaom raumif;rIukd pGJvrf;owd&
aeNyD; t0Dpdi&JodkY usa&muf oGm;awmhonf/
wu,fwrf;wGif rvd’umrdzk&m;BuD;
onf bk&m;wpfql? wpfql\ omoemwGif
wpfBudrfwpfcgom vSLEkdifcJaom? olwpfyg;wdkY
wkyr&Ekdifaom (to'do'ge) tvSLBuD;udk
aumovrif;BuD;ESifh pdwfwlukd,frQ twlwuG
aygif;pyfí xkdacwfxkdtcgu wefzkd;aiG
wpfq,fhav;uka# tukeftuscHí ay;urf;
vSL'gef;EkdifcJhonf/
tvSLcHyk*¾KdvfrSmvnf; bk&m;&Sif
ukd,fawmfjrwfBuD;ESihf t*¾om0u? r[m
om0u? t&d,moHCmawmf t&Sifoljrwf
aygif; rsm;pGm yg0ifcJhayonf/ rGefjrwfaom
tvSLcHESihf ,kHMunfrIjynhf0aom o'gw&m;
rsm; aygif;pkum aumif;rIrsm;pGm jyKcJhygaomf
vnf; ,if; wpfq,fhav;uka# ukefaom
tvSLBuD;wkdYu vwfwavm b0ukd u,fr
ír&EkdifbJ jzpfawmhonf/
,aeYacwfumv tcgor,wGif
EIwfcsK dum oabmrajzmihf? tNyKH;csK dum
pdwfu rajzmihfbJ ukd,hftvkdokdY ra&muf
a&mufatmifom vSnhfywfum vdrfnm
pum;ESihf ,kHMunf atmif [efaqmifrIw&m;
tajrmuftrsm; jzpfyGm;aeMuonf/
wpfcs K d UwpfavrSm vlxif BuD;
atmif tvSLay;? vlav;pm;atmif tusKd;
aqmif? vluG,f&mrSm wpfrsKd;ajym? vlrjrif&mrSm
wp fr s K d ; vky f ? r k d ;c s Ky fv k d Y t dr f jye fvQi f
ukd,fhtwGufusefzkdYu t"du? 0rf;0zkdYukd yxrESihf
vSnhfywf&wmukdyif oabm usvdkYaeMuonf/
þodkY oHo&mukd ta&;rxm;? rav;
rpm;jyKrlaeMuolrsm;onf ]]jyKoltopf? jzpfol
ta[mif;}}? uHZmwf aMumif;ukd iJhapmif;um
NcKHikHokH;oyfMunhf vkdufMurnfqkdygvQif igonf
oefY&Sif;aom? [kwfrSefaom? rvSnhfywfcJhaom
olwpfa,mufjzpfcJhyg&JUvm;/ odk Yr[kwf ol
wpfyg;ukd ausmfol? cGol? vSnhfywfcJholjzpfcJh
ygvQif tvSnhfusvdkY EGJUr&aomtcgrsKd;wGif
],Mwm? "gwf½kduf? ewfwkduf} ívnf; ausat;?
ajyaysmuf? vGwfajrmufEkdifawmhrnf r[kwfyg/
xkdYaMumihf vlYb0ukd twlwuG &&Sd
vmMuolwkdif;onf oHo&mc&D;rSm twlwl
oGm;vmaeMu&if; ukd,fhu txufa&mufae
aomtcg olYukdqGJvkdY? ukd,fu atmufa&muf
aecJhjyef&ifvnf; olYukdwGJum tjyeftvSef az;r
ulnDoGm;EkdifMuzdkY vdkygonf/
b0avS,mOfESihf oHo&ma&jyifwGif
wpfavSwnf;pD;NyD; wpfc&D;wnf; oGm;aeMu
&ol tcsif;csif; rSefaomapwem? wlnDaom
arwåm? ulnDrItMuifem? 0rf;ajrmufrI rk'dwm
w&m;rsm; ukd,fpD usihfokH;oGm;Ekdifatmif tav;
xm; BuKd;pm;aqmif&Gufoihfygonf/
vlYb0jzpfpOfwGif olYtaMumif;ESihf
olYtusKd; ykHaooabmrsKd;&Sdum ukd,hfuHESihf
ukd,hfMur®m trSeftuefjyefvmMurSmudkvnf;
,kHMunfvufcH todtrSwfjyKxm;&ef vdktyf
ygonf/
w'*FcP vlYb0ukd &&Sdykdifqkdifxm;
qJwGif [kwfaomtBuH? rSefaompum;? aumif;
aomtvkyfrsm;ukdom a&SU½IOD;aqmifí ]]vl
tcsif;csif;? vSnhfywfjcif;? uif;&Sif;Muygap}}
[lí qkawmif;arwåm ydkYovkdufygonf/
qif;&Jcsrf;om owå0gtaygif;
aumif;usKd;vkd&mqE´ jynhf0ygap/
usrf;ñTef;- arwåmokwf y&dwfawmf
okw(a&ToHvGif)
tbx\
trSwf-15? vdIifjrpfvrf;? aygufawm&yf? tif;pdef? &efukef/
a&mh]x} trSwfwHqdyf
&SLaq;bl;BuD;
&SLvdkufzkef;= 722704? 642047
jzefYcsda&;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
18
"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
avmu[lonhf wuúodkvfBuD;xJwGif
oif,lp&mrsm;u tvGefyif aygvSygonf/
bmawGoif,lcJhNyD;NyDvJ? bmawGwwfajrmuf
NyD;NyDvJ? b,fvkdtodw&m;awG &SdcJhNyDvJ/ pOf;pm;
Munhf&ef vdkrnfxifygonf/
]]avmuwuúod kvf}} BuD;xJwGif
bmom&yfrsm;u rsK d;pk H? twwfynmrsK d;pk H?
todynmrsKd;pkH pkHvifvGef;vSyg\/ rnfonhf
twwfynm? todynmrsKd;pkHrqkd olYae&mESihf
olawmh tokH;0ifonfcsnf;omjzpfonf/ þ
ae&mwGif taemufwkdif;rS ykHjyifav;wpfyk'fukd
owd&rdygonf/
ya&mfzuf(pf)qmBuD;wpfa,muf
onf yifv,fjyifukd avhvm&ef yifv,furf;pyf
wpfckudka&mufvmcJhygonf/ urf;pyfwGif avS
orm;wpfa,mufudk jrifaomtcg tem;oGm;
í ]]a[h- 'DrSm igyifv,fjyifukd avhvmcsif
w,f? tJ'g rif;vkdufydkYEkdifrvm;? vkyftm;cukd
rif;awmif;oavmuf igay;r,f}} [k ajym\/
xkdtcg avSorm;u tm;&0rf;omjzihf ]][m-
&wmayhg? 'gjzihf wuf oGm;Mur,f}} qkdum
yifv,fjyifudk xGufvmMuygawmhonf/
ya&mfzuf(pf)qmBuD;onf olygvm
onhf acsmuvuf? axmywfudwfrkefYrsm; pm;
vk duf? tat;ukd azmufaomufvk dufjzih f
yifv,favukd wpf0BuD; ½SL½Idufíaeav\/
xkdYaemuf ol\rkdufc½kdpukwf? ta0;Munhf?
teD;Munhf? a&atmufrSefajymif;rsm;jzihf [kdMunhf
'DMunhf pl;prf;avhvmaeonf/ yg;pyfuvnf;
tNidrfraeyg/
]]a[h 'DrSm zd(pf)ukd,favmf*sD twwf
ynm rif;wwfvm;}}
avmuwuúodkvfavmuwuúodkvfavmuwuúodkvfavmuwuúodkvfavmuwuúodkvfukdjirf;(½ku©aA')
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a&m rif;wwfvm;}}
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avSuav; jrKyfroGm;atmif owd0D&d,jzihf
renf;avSmfcwfae&onhfMum;wGif [kdyk*¾KdvfBuD;
u [kdar;'Dar;ESihfrkdY avSorm; pdwfnpfvm
onf/ olar;orQukdvnf; bmwpfckrQrod/
ya&mfzuf(pf)qmBuD;onfvnf; [kdMunhf'DMunhf
rSwfwrf;pmtkyfwGif [kda&;'Da&; [kdrSwf'DrSwf
vkyf&if;rS-
]]'DrSm rif; Zl;atmfavmf*sDtwwf
ynm wwfvm;}}
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eu©wfwm&mtwwfynm rif;wwfvm;}}
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rwwfbl;}}
]]'gqkd&if yifv,fjyifxJrSm rif;
b,fvdkvkyfrvJ/ eu©wfwm&mtwwfukd wwf
rS? eu©wfwm&mukdMunhfNyD; b,ftajctae
qkd&if avMurf;r,f? vIdif;xefr,f pojzihf
cefYrSef;NyD; wGufvkd Y&rSmayhg/ rif;u eu©wf
wm&m twwfynmawmif rwwfwJhaumifyJ}}
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ajymwJhtwwfynmawG usKyfrwwfvdkY yifv,f
jyifrSm ig;zrf;wJhtvkyf vkyfaewmayhg/ eu©wf
wm&mynmvnf; usKyfrodbl;/ usKyfodwmu
yifv,fjyif&JUobm0todeJY yifv,fjyifrSm
0rf;pm&Smvmwm touf(50)ausmfvmNyD/
bmtEÅ&m,frSr&Sdbl;/ uJ- usKyfar;r,f? cifAsm;
qGrf;armfavmf*sDtwwfynmudkwwfvm;}}
]][m; [m; [m; w,ftwJhawmom;
yJ? usKyf[m wuúodkvfrSm ygarmu©csKyf? ya&mf
zuf(pf)qmwpfa,mufyg/ rif;ajymwJh qGrf;armf
avmf*sD (a&ul;twwfynm) qkdwm usKyfwdkY
wuúodkvfrSm r&Sdbl;/ rjy|mef;bl;/ usKyfvnf;
rwwfbl;}}
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NyD? rMumcifrSm avSjrKyfawmhr,f/ cifAsm;
usKyfajymwJh qGrf;armfavmf*sDtwwfynmukd
rwwf&if cifAsm;aoawmhr,f? usKyfawmh
oGm;NyDAsKdU}}
avSorm;onf a&xJodk Yckefcsum
eD;pyf&maomifurf;ukd arQmfrSef;í ul;cwfoGm;
ygawmhonf/ twwfynmrsKd;pkHudk wwfajrmuf
xm;onhf ya&mfzuf(pf)qmBuD;rSm avSorm;
ajymonhf qGrf;armfavmf*sDtwwfynmukd
rwwfonhftwGuf yifv,fjyifü ig;pmjzpfoGm;
yg\/
þykHjyifav;uJhodkYyif avSorm;onf
aoab;ESihfawGUBuKHaomtcg olwwfxm;onhf
twwfynmav;jzihf ab;vGwf&mukd ul;cwf
oGm;Ekdifygonf/ rnfonhftwwfynmrqkd
olYae&mESihfolawmh tokH;0ifMuonfomjzpf
onf/
þurÇmay:&Sd vlom;tm;vkH;wdkYonf
avmuwuúodkvfBuD;xJodk Y pwif0ifa&muf
vmpOfuyif odp&m wwfp&mrsm;ukd oifMum;
cJh&ygonf/ wpfupí ajrvSefMunhfygvQif
rdcif0rf;rSxGufuwnf;u jzpfonf/
] ]vufO D;q&m rnfxk dufp Gm
ykAÁmp&d, rdESihfb}} qkdouJhodk Y a&S;OD;pGm
rdbrsm;xHrS avmutac:ta0:? trSwfonm
ynwfrsm;ukd pwifoif,lcJh&ygonf/ ylonf?
at;onf ? c sr f ;onf ponfwd k Yonf
uRE f ky fwd k Yuk d,fwk di fod r[kwfyg/ Oyrm
tcgvnfom;avmuft&G,f uav;wpf
a,mufonf a&aEG;tkd;ukd vufjzihf xdrdoGm;
onhftcg qkd;&Gm;onhf rcHomaom 'ku©
a0'emukd cHpm;vkduf&onhftwGuf atmfidk
ygawmhonf/ odkYaomf xkduav;onf ylrSef;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES19
"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/
rodyg/ rdbrsm;u aemifrjzpfatmif a&aEG;tkd;
ukdajr§mufjyum ]]om;a& ylyl}} [k ajymvkdufonhf
tcg xkduav;i,fonf olYvufESihf a&aEG;tkd;
xdrnfonhftwGuf rcHomaom tawGUoabm
av;tm; ]]ylw,f}} [kac:onfukd wpfoufvkH;
pJGrSwfoGm;ygawmhonf/
xkdenf;wlpGm tyltat;? ta&mif
tqif;? tokH;taqmifypönf;? tpm;taomuf
ponfh avmuynwftrSwfonmrsm;ukd rdb
rsm;xHrS pwifoifMum;cJh&ygonf/ ausmif;ae
t&G,fa&mufvmaomtcg rlvwef;? tv,f
wef;? txufwef;rSonf tqihfjrihf ynmxd
a&mufatmif acwfynmrsm;ukd oif,lcJhMu
&yg\/ tcsK d UrSmvnf; tqihf jrih fynmxd
a&mufrvmbJ tajctaetrsKd;rsK d;aMumihf
a&;wwf? zwfwwfb0jzihf BuD;cJh&olrsm;? (5)
wef;? (6)wef; (odkYr[kwf) (9)wef;? (10)wef;
tqihfrSmyif &yfwefYum pD;yGm;a&;? b0&yf
wnfrItwGuf BuKH&mtvkyfukd vkyfukdif&if;
avmu"Hrkefwkdif;udk ½kef;uefMu&onf/ tcsKdU
rSmvnf; rdbu jynhfpkHaomfvnf; ynmudk
roifcsif? ynmwpfykdif;wpjzihf rdbykdufqHukd
xkdifjzKef;um raumif;onfhtwwf? raumif;
onhftusihfjzihf taygif;toif;rSm;í ysufpD;
avvTifhaeolrsm;vnf; &Sdavonf/
tem*wf\ om;aumif;&wemrsm;
onf arQmfrSef;xm;ovdk ynmrsm;wwfajrmuf
NyD; t&m&Sdt&mcH? &mxl;XmeEÅ&awGESihf jzpfcJh
Muovkd ausmif;pmwpfykdif;wpfpjzihf ab;
a&mufum raumi;faomtwwfynmrsm;ukd
oif,lwwfajrmufí 'kp½kdufom;aumifrsm;
jzpfoGm;Muavonf/
avmuwuúodkvfBuD;xJwGif vlrsKd;
aygif;pkH? bmompum;aygif;pkH? taoG;ta&mif
aygif;pkH? tawG;tBuHaygif;pkH? t,ltqaygif;
pkH? oif,lp&m ynm&yfaygif;pkH rwljcm;em;
uGJjym;Muaomfvnf; wlnDrIwpfck&Sdygonf/
xkdwlnDrIonfum; ]]aojcif;w&m;}} yifjzpf
onf/ tvGefyif aocsmygonf/ uREfkyfwkd Y
tm;vkH;onf aoMu&rnfrSm trSefyifjzpf onf/
tcsdef? em&D? aeY&ufwkdY twdtus
rodEkdifaomfvnf; uREfkyfwkdYonf wpfaeYaeY
wpfcsdefcsdefwGif rkcsaoMu&rnf/ aorif;ESihf
rvTJraoG &ifqkdifMu&rnhfwpfaeYwGif xkd
aojcif;w&m;tm; taumif;qkH;&ifqkdifEkdifonhf
]]ynm}} ukd txl;wwfajrmufxm;&ef vdktyf
ayonf/ vlom;tm;vkH;wd k Yonf avmu
wuúodkvfBuD;xJwGif oef&moef&mrsm;ukd
oif,lwwfajrmufcJhygonf/ odkYygaomfvnf;
rnfonhfynm&yfonf t"duusygovJ/
pOf;pm;oihfygonf/ avmuwuúodkvfausmif;
awmfBuD;xJwGif ynm&yfrSeforQukd tcsKyftm;
jzihf tkyfpkESpfck cGJvkdufygvQif avmuDynmESihf
avmukwå&mynm[k ESpfrsKd;&onf/
avmuDynm&yfrsm;onf y&rw¦
obm0awGryg0ifbJ ynwfay:tajcjyKum
BuHpnfpOf;pm;awG;ac:rIrS jzpfay:vmaom
ynm&yfrsm;jzpfonf/ BA, B.Sc, MA, M.Sc,
Ph.D ponhf acwfynmrsm;rS tpjyKí y&rw¦
w&m; (pdwf? apwoduf? ½kyf? edAÁmef) \tjyif
tyrS &SdorQ odp&m? wwfp&mynmrsm;onf
avmuDynm&yfrsm;yifjzpfonf/
avmukwå&mqkdonfrSm avmu +
Owå& ESpfckaygif;xm;jcif;yifjzpfonf/ avmu
qkdonfu ocFg&avmu? Moumoavmu?
owåavmu [lonfh avmuokH;yg;yifjzpf
onf/ Owå&qkdonfrSm xGufajrmufjcif;[k
t"dyÜg,f&onf/
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avmukwå&mqkdonfrSm avmuokH;yg;rS xGuf
ajrmufjcif;jzpfonf/avmuDynmrsm;jzpfMu
onf h BA, B.Sc, MA, M.Sc,ponh f
acwfynmrsm;r S tpjyKí vufr Iynm?
pufrIynm? odyÜHynm paom ynm&yfrsm;onf
vuf&Sdb0aerI? pm;rI? 0wfrI? pm;0wfaea&;
twGuf rsm;pGmjyKvkyf zefwD;EkdifMuavonf/
pD;yGm;Opöm BuD;yGm;csrf; omatmif jyKvkyfEkdifMu
ayrnf/ ½kyf0w¦Krsm; BuD;yGm;csrf;om½kHESih f
pdwf\csrf;omjcif;ukd tjynhft0ray;pGrf;Ekdifyg/
trsm;tm; jzi h f avmuvlom;wd k Yonf
qif;&Jjcif;? csrf;omjcif; ukd ½kyf0w¦KykdifqkdifrIjzihf
om wkdif;wmwwfMu onf/ trSefonfum;
qif;&Jjcif;? csrf;omjcif; onf pdwfykdif;qkdif&mESihf
om oufqkdifayonf/ rmpDwD; pD;? wkdufBuD;ay:
wGif aewdkif; pdwfcsrf; omEkdifrnfr[kwfyg/
rdom;pktwGif;a&;aMumihf aomfvnf;aumif;?
pD;yGm;a&;NyKdifqkdifrIrsm; aMumihfaomfvnf;
aumif;? taMumif;trsK d;rsK d; aMumihfaomf
vnf;aumif; pdwfqif;&JrIrsm; BuKHawGU&ygonf/
rk d ;rvk H avrvk H jzih f wJykwf uav;wGif
aeaomfvnf; ol Yb0 ol Ytwk di f; twm
tavsmuf avuav;wpfc Re fc Re f jzi h f
pdwfcsrf;omaysmfarTUaeonfukdvnf; awGUjrif
zl;Murnfjzpfonf/ xkdYaMumihf ½kyf0w¦K BuD;yGm;
csrf;om½kHESihf pdwf\csrf;omjcif;ukd rnfodkYrQ
tjynhft0ray;Ekdifyg/
rdrdykdifqkdifxm;aom pD;yGm;Opömwdk Y
onfvnf; raociftcs de fy d ki f;av;rQom
tBuKH;0ifygonf/ wpfb0 wpfeyfpmrQom
jzpfonf/ rnfolrqkd aoMu&rSmyg/ aoonf
u taMumif;r[kwfay/ aoonf\tjcm;rJhü
b0rsm;pGm usifvnf&ayOD;rnfjzpfonf/
vuf&S db0aumif;pm;a&;wpfckwnf;ukdyif
Munhfír&yg/ oHo&maemifa&; arQmfacgif
awG;um odoihfodxkduf vkyfoifhvkyfxkdufonf
rsm;ukd od&SdvkyfukdifEkdifzdkY&ef ta&;BuD;ygonf/
(rdpämouFyÜ) tBuHrSm; tawG;rrSm;
Muapvkdyg/ taMumif;&SdvQif tusKd;&Sdrnf/
trSm;&SdvQif trSef&Sdrnf/ tyl&SdvQif tat;
&Sdrnf/ tarSmif&SdvQif tvif;&Sdrnf/ tkdjcif;
&SdvQif rtkd&m&Sdrnf/ emjcif;&SdvQif rem&m
&Sdrnf/ aojcif;&SdvQif rao&m&Sdrnf/ þonf
rSm rnfonhfzefqif;&Sif wefckd;&SifrS jyKjyif zefwD;
vkyfaqmifxm;onfr[kwf/ obm0ed,mr
trSefw&m;yifjzpfayonf/
(Zmwd) arG;jcif;&SdvQif (r&P) ao
jcif;&Sdrnf/ raocsifygvQif arG;jcif; (Zmwd)
r&SdrSomjzpfayvdrhfrnf/ rnfolrQ aojcif;
w&m;udk tvdkr&Sdyg/ rnfolrQ qif;&J'ku©ukd
tvkdr&Sdyg/ 'ku©\wpfbufrSm^ aojcif;w&m;
\wpfbufrSm rtk d&m? rem&m? rao&m
csrf;omjcif;tppftrSef ]]oEÅdokc}} &Sdygonf/
xkdcsrf;omjcif;tppftrSef ]]oEÅdokc}} ukd&&Sd&ef
rSm avmuDynmjzihf r&? avmukwå&mynmjzihf
om &ygvdrfhrnf/avmuwuúodkvfausmif;awmf
BuD;wGif ynm&yfrSeforQukd tumESihftESpf?
t"du ESihf omrn cGJjcm;wwf&ef vdkayvdrhf
rnf/ ,aeY vlom;wdkYonf rnfonhftwwf
ynmrsm;jzihf bmawGvkyfukdifaeMuygoenf;/
trsm;tm;jzih f vuf&S db0? wpfcPwm?
wpfb0pmav; twGuf rdr dwwfajrmuf
wwfuRrf;xm;onhf ynmrsm;jzihf pD;yGm;Opöm
twGuf wkdufyGJ0ifae Muygonf/ avmuwGif
wihfwifhw,fw,f xnfxnf0g0g pm;Ek dif?
0wfEkdif? aeEkdifa&; twGuf ]]aea&;}} wpfck
wnf;udkyif Munhfwwf Muygonf/ ]]aoa&;}}
ukd xnhfrwGufMuyg/ aorif;ESih f &ifqdkif
awG U Bu H K&aomtcg aMumuf& G H Uy laqG ; ?
idka<u;&if; tpGJtvef;rsm;jzihf ed*Hk;csKyfMu&yg
onf/ xkdtcg tyg,fudkom vm;a&muf&yg\/
avmuwuúod kvf ausmif;awmf BuD; uk d
a&mufvmcJhNyD;rS oHo&m jzifhMunhfygu wefzdk;
tESpfom& bmrQr&Sdaom ynmudkom ,lí
jyefoGm;ygvQif rsm;pGm qkH;½IH;epfem&ygrnf/
pmzwfolr sm ;taejzi h f tE Sp fom&
tjrLawtjynhf&Sdaom avmukwå &m ynmukd
avmuwuúodkvf ausmif;awmfBuD; wGif tcsdef
tcg? tcGihfoihfckduf &,lEkdifMuygap [k qEjyK
vkdufygonf/rSDNidrf;-Ak'¨pmayrsm;
ukdjirf;(½ku©aA')
20"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A- NA
- PA
- NA DI
-PANI
-
rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u
aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDqa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpkaa&;om;jyKpka
tmemy
THE A-NA
-PA
-N
OR
THE MANUAL OF MINDFby
Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo
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(15) pwkw¬ pwkuúenf;
,cktcg tmemygerSqufí 0dyóemwufenf;jzpfaom
pwkw¬ pwkuúudk xkwfjyaytHh/
(1) yxrtcef;rSm-
tedpömEkyóD tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
tedpömEkyóD yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(2) 'kwd,tcef;rSm-
0d&m*gEkyóD tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
0d&m*gEkyóD yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(3) wwd,tcef;rSm-
eda&m"mEkyóD tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
eda&m"mEkyóD yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(4) pwkw¬tcef;rSm-
y#dedó*¾gEkyóD tóodómrDwd odu©wd?
y#dedó*¾gEkyóD yóodómrDwd odu©wd/
(pwkw¬ pwkuú ygVdawmf)
(1) tedpömEkyóD? tedpöudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ tóodómrd?
xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/tedpömEkyóD?
tedpöudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/
odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(2) 0d&m*gEkyóD? aysmufuif;rIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/tóod
ómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
0d&m*gEkyóD? aysmufuif;rIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½I
aytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(3) eda&m"mEkyóD? csKyfuG,frIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ tóod
ómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
eda&m"mEkyóD? csKyfuG,frIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½I
aytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(4) y#dedó*¾gEkyóD? wzefpGefYypfrIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ tó
odómrd? xGufoufvTwfaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
y#dedó*¾gEkyóD? wzefpGefYypfrIudk tzefzef½Ivsuf/ yóodómrd?
0ifouf½IaytHh/ £wd? þodkY/ odu©wd? tm;xkwf\/
(¤if;pwkw¬ pwkuúteuf)
XIIIThe Fourth Tetrad
I shall now show the fourth tetrad which gives themethod of proceeding from mindfulness of breathing to insight(vipassana).
1. Aniccanupassi assasissamiti sikkhati, aniccabupassipassasissamiti sikkhati.
2.Viraganupassi assasissamiti sikkhati, viraganuipassi passasissamiti sikkhati.
3.Nirodhanupassi assasissamiti sikkhati, nirodhanupassi passasissamiti sikkhati.
4.Patinissagganupassi assasissamiti sikkhati,patinissagganupassi passasissamiti sikkhati.
1. "Contemplating impermanence, I will exhale and in-hale," thus trains himself.
2. "Contemplating detachment, I will exhale and inhale,"thus he trains himself.
3. "Contemplating cessation, I will exhale and in-hale,"thus he trains himself.
The way to proceed to insight (vipassana) will be dealtwith later (see XVII)
XIVHow the Foundations of Mindfulness are Fulfilled
The Buddha said that those who accomplish mindful-ness of breathing also fulfil the function of the four foundationsof mindfulness (satipatthanas). I shall here give just the essen-tial meaning.
In the four tetrads dealt with above, effort in the firsttetrad, which includes the counting and connection methods(ganana, anubandhana), consists entirely of the application ofmindfulness to contemplation of the body (kayanupassanasatipatthana). Out-breath and in-breath, being part of the cor-poreality group (rupa-kaya), are called body (kaya). Thus theAnapanasati Sutta says, "This is a certain body among the dif-ferent kinds of bodies, namely, out-breath and in-breath (kayesukayannataraham bhikkhave etam vadami yadidamassasapassasa)."
Effort in the second tetrad consists of the application ofmindfulness to contemplation of feelings (vedananupassana
21"r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/
THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A - NA
- PA
- NA DI
-PANI
-
usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf
q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;awmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaomawmfrlaom
yge'DyeD
NA DI-PANI
-
R
FULNESS OF BREATHINGy
Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service.
þpwkw¬ pwkuúum; 0dyóem wufenf;wnf;/ ¤if;tpDt&ifudk
aemufrSqdktHh/
pwkw¬pwkuúenf; NyD;\/
(16) owdy|mefyGm;rsm;rIudpöNyD;yH k
,cktcg tmemygetvkyfudk tm;xkwfpGJNrJolwdkYtm; owd
y|mefav;yg;yGm;rsm;rIudpö NyD;pD;yHkudk a[mawmfrl\/ vdk&if;t"dyÜm,f jyqdk
aytHh/
1/ xkwfjycJhNyD;aom pwkuúav;yg;wdkYwGif *Pemç tEkAEem
2-enf; tpDt&ifjzihf jyqdkcJhNyD;aom yxrpwkuútvkyfonfum; um,
Ekyóemowdy|meftvkyfoufoufaywnf;/ xGufouf0ifoufonf
½lyum, wpdwfjzpfí um,rnf\/
uma,ok um,nw&m[H bdu©a0 {wH 0'grd ,'d'H tó
oyómom/
(¤if;tmemygeówdokwf ygVdawmf)
bdu©a0? &[ef;wdkY/ ,'d'H- a, £ar tómoyómom?
tMuifxGufoufç 0ifoufwdkYonf/ oEÅd? &Sdukef\/ {wH? þxGufoufç
0ifouf ESpfyg;taygif;udk/ uma,ok? yx0Dum,ç tmaygum, tp&Sd
aom um,trsm;wdkYwGif/ um,nw&H? 0ga,mum, wyg;[lí/ t[H?
igbk&m;onf/ 0'grd? a[mawmfrl\/
(¤if;ygVdteuf)
2/ 'kwd, pwkuútvkyfonf a0'emEkyóem owdy|mef
tvkyfaywnf;/
a0'emok a0'emnw&m[H bdu©a0 {wH 0g'rd ,'d'H tó
oyómomeH om"kuH reoduma&m/
(¤if;okwf ygVdawmf)
bdu©a0? &[ef;wdk Y/ tómo yómomeH? xGufoufç
0ifoufwkdYukd/ om"kuH? aumif;pGm/ ,'d'H- a,m t,H reoduma&m?
tMuifESvHk;oGif;jcif;onf/ tw¬d? &Sd\/ {wH? þaumif;pGm ESvHk;oGif;rIudk/
a0'emok? a0'emtrsm;wdkYwGif/ 0g? cHpm;jcif;trsm;wkdYwGif/ a0'emn
w&H? a0'emwyg;[lí/ 0g? cHpm;jcif;wyg;[lí/ t[H? igbk&m;onf/
0'grd? a[mawmfrl\/
satipatthana). The text says, "This is a certain feeling among thedifferent kinds of feelings, namely, this mental advertence to out-=breath and in-breath done thoroughly and well (vedanasauvedanannataraham bhikkhave etam vadami, yadidamassasapassasanam sadhukam manasikaro). "Thoroughly andwell" (sadhukam) indicates the special endeavour that is requiredin experiencing rapture (pitippatisamvedi), etc. Here, while at-tention continues to be placed on the out-breath and in-bratheffort is made to clearly perceive the feelings with wisdom, andthus work in the second tetrad is called the application of mind-fulness to contemplation of feelings.
Work in the third tetrads consists of the application ofmindfulness to contemplation of mind (cittanupassanasatipatthana). Here also, while attention continues to be placedon the out-breath and in-breath, effort is made to clearly perceivethe mind with wisdom.
Work in the fourth tetrad, such as contemplation of im-permanence (aniccanupassi), is the application of mindfulnessto contemplation of mind objects (dhammanupassanasatipatthana). Here again, while attention continues to be placedon the out-breath and in-breaths, effort is made to clearly per-ceive the overcoming of such unwholesome states as covetous-ness (abhijjha) and grief (domanassa) with wisdom. The suttasays, "Seeing thoroughly with wisdom that which is the over-coming of covetousness and grief, he takes good care of it (yoyam abhijjhadomanassanam pahanam, tam pannaya disvasadhukam ajjhupekkhita hoti). Because such things (dhamma)as impermanence are contemplated together with the out-breathand in-breath, it is also proper to call it the application of mindful-ness to contemplation of mind objects.
XVHow the Enlightenment Factors are Fulfilled
I shall now show how a person who fulfils mindfulnessof breathing also fulfils the seven factors of enlightenment(bojjhangas).
Since the work of mindfulness of breathing consists ofmaking mindfulness (sati) firmer and stronger everyday, itamounts to practising the enlightenment factor of mindfulness(sati-sambojjhanga), Says the sutta: "When, to a yogi practis-
22"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/
THE LEDI DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI
pmrsufESm 15 rS
(¤if;ygVd\ teuf)
(om"kuHqdkonfum;- yDwdyÜ#doHa0'D tp&Sdaom Oóm[
txl;jzpfyGm;rIwnf;/)
þxGufoufç 0ifoufudktm½HkjyKvsuf ÓPfü a0'emw&m;
vnf; txl;xif&Sm;&SdaomaMumihf þpwkuútvkyfudk a0'emEkyóem
owdy|meftvkyf qdkownf;/
3/ wwd,pwkuú tvkyfonf pdwåmEkyóem owdy|mef
tvkyfwnf;/ þüvnf; xGufoufç 0ifoufudk tm½HkjyKvsuf ÓPfü
pdwfw&m;vnf; txl;xif&Sm;vsuf&SdaomaMumihf þpwkuútvkyfudk
pdwåmEkyóemowdy|meftvkyfqdkownf;/
4/ tedpömEkyóD tp&Sdaom pwkw¬ pwkuútvkyfonf "r®m
Ekyóemowdy|meftvkyfwnf;/ þüvnf; xGufoufç 0ifoufudk tm½Hk
jyKvsuf ÓPfü rdrdpdwfrSm tbdZÑmç a'greóudk y,fazsmufjcif;[laom
y[me"r®onfvnf; xif&Sm;vsuf&SdaomaMumihf þpwkuútvkyfudk "r®m
Ekyóemowdy|meftvkyfqdkownf;/
aom ,H wH tbdZÑm a'greómeH y[meH? wH ynm, 'doGm
om"kuH tZÑKayu©dwm a[mwd/
(¤if;okwf ygVdawmf)
aom? xdka,m*Dyk*¾dKvfonf/ tbdZÑma'greómeH? tbdZÑm
a'greóudk/ ,H wH y[meH? tMuify,fjcif;onf/ tw¬d? &Sd\/ wH?
xdky,fjcif;ukd/ ynm,? ynmjzihf/ 'doGm? jrifí/ om"kuH? aumif;pGm/
tZÑLayu©dwm? vspfvsL½Ionf/ a[mwd? jzpf\/
xGufoufç 0ifoufESihfwuG bufwGJvsuf tedpö"r®udkvnf;½I
aomaMumihf "r®mEkyóemowdy|mefjzpfonf[lívnf; qdkoifh\/
owdy|mef yGm;rsm;rIudpö NyD;yHkNyD;\
ing mindfulness of breathing, mindfulness becomes firm, andthere is no moment when he is without mindfulness, then theenlightenment factor of mindfulness is accomplished."
The prograss the person practising mindfulness ofbreathing makes in developing wisdom, and in discerning thevarious phenomena associated with that practise, is the enlight-enment factor of investigation of phenomena (dhammavicaya-sambojjhanga),
The prograss of energy in the work of mindfulness ofbreathing is the development of the enlightenment factor of en-ergy (viriya-sambojjhanga).
When the stage of "experiencing rapture"(pitipatisamvedi) is reached, the progressive development ofrapture is the development of the enlightenment factor of rapture(pitisambojjhanga),
When rapture is attained in the work of mindfulness ofbreathing, the disturbing states of indolence and torpor becomeallayed and calmed; the prograssive development of this calmingdown is the development of the enlightenment factor of calm-ness (passadhi-sambojjhanga),
When calmness develops, concentration (samadhi)develops: this is the enlightenment factor of concentration(samadhi sambojjhanga).
When concentration develops, there is no longer anyoccasion for anxiety and concern arising out of an inattentivemind, and thus the enlightenment factor of equanmity is devel-oped (upekkha-sambojjhanga).
The sutta shows in detail how the seven factors of en-lightenment become accomplished by accomplishing each of thefour foundations of mindfulness.
(To Be Continues)
e,fpyfa'o? zGHUNzdK;rItm;enf;aom a'orsm;odkY
tyifyef;cH? tqif;&JcH omoemjyKaeMuaom
&[ef;awmf rsm;ukdrl aMumihfMurJhjzpfMuum
vSL'gef;rI tm;enf;vmaeMuygonf/
Ak'¨u tvSLjyKvkyf&mü vSL'gef;ol
'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkYvnf; tusKd;&Sd? tvSL'gef;
cH&aom &[ef;vnf; *E¦"l&? 0dyóem"l&
usihfEkdif&ef taxmuftuljyK tusKd;&Sdapaom
0dap,s'ge a&G;cs,fívSLaom tvSLud k
a[mMum; vrf;ñTefxm;ygonf/
þtóyk&okwfvm Ak'¨vrf;ñTef
csufwdkYudk od&Sdem;vnfMuvQif ypönf;av;yg;
tvSL&SifwdkYonf- &[ef;b0[lonf twå-y&
ESpf0 tusKd;&Sdapaom b0jzpfonfudk od&SdEkdif
ovdk &[ef;wpfyg;tm; rGefjrwfaom? tqihf
jrihfaom w&m;tod&zkdYtwGuf rnfodkY tqihf
qihf usihf&rnf/ rnfodkYaom ZGJ? owåd? Aswåd?
0D&d,&Sd&onfukd avhvmtuJcwf Ek difMu
ygrnf/ omoemhabmifae &[ef;wdkYukd twk
tppf cGJjcm;EkdifMuNyD; tppf&[ef;wdkYukd ,kHMunf
pGm ukd;uG,fEkdifMuygrnf/ v,f,majraumif;ü
ukodkvfrsK d;aphukd apwemo'¨gxufoefpGm
pkdufysKd;EkdifMuygrnf/
xd kaMumif h ,aeY Ak'¨bmom0if
olawmfpifwdkYonf &[ef;aumif;&[ef;jrwfrsm;
ukd a&G;cs,fwwfí omoemawmfBuD;ukd
rdrdtusKd; omoemtusKd;twGuf vSL'gef;EkdifMu
&ef Ak' a[mMum; &[ef;jrwfwdkY usihfpOfw&m;
udk odMum;em;vnfEkdifMuygap/
r[mo'¨r®aZmwdu"Z
wuúodkvfoQifoD&d("r®mp&d,?bDat)
ñTef;- tóyk&okwf
&mpkopf\
pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd
Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf
&J&ifhwnfMunfaom
avmutjrifjzifh
b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf
atmifjrifpGm
jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY
"r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/
23"r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/
TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA
(,ciftywfrStquf)
jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü
t&n0goDawm&yfrS Dvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f
a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm
omoemawmfBuD;
\
a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f
(omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;)
þtydkif;\ vdk&if;tcsKyf
þtydkif;onf omoemjyKvkyfief;udk pdppfjy&mtydkif;jzpfjcif;
aMumih f omoemjyKvkyfief;onf bmud kac:oenf;/ tar;ud k
aumufcsufcsjyzdkY vdkonf/
omoemjyKvkyfief;onf...
u/ bHkAdr®mef eef;jyóm'fBuD;rsm; xD;xD;rm;rm; ay:aygufvm&ef
vnf; r[kwf?
c/ csD;usL;pum; vlajymrsm;vsufu vlolav;yg; MuufysHrus
pnfum;vm&efvnf; r[kwf/
*/ crf;em;0ihfxnf ypönf;Opömjc,fvS,fwdkYjzihf pHyg,fEdkif&eftwGuf
vnf; r[kwfacs/
wpfzef....xdkr[kwfwdkYESihf rnfodkYrQ rywfoufaom
acgif;aqmifonf rdrdudk,fawmfwdkif bk&m;tqHk;tr omoem
awmfoHk;0udk
onmodrSonf ynmododkY? wpfzef ynmodrSonf ynm&SdodkY?
tenf;qHk; "r®&o cHpm;EkdifcGihf &aponftxd taumifq;Hk;
0drkwdå &o cHpm;EkdifcGihf &aponftxd oGm;vrf;azmufEkdif&rnf/
xdkYaemuf
aemufyg a0ae,swdkYudkvnf; rdrduRrf;aom xdkoGm;vrf; twdkif;
tenf;qHk; "r®&o cHpm;EkdifcGihf &aponftxd ydkYaqmifEkdifpGrf; &Sd&rnf/
þü "r®&oqdkonfrSm aomwmyef ou'g*rf tem*grfwdkY\
cHpm;cGihfwnf;/
þü 0drkwdå&oqdkonfrSm &[EÅmwpfql\ cHpm;ydkifcGihfwnf;/
xdkodkY cHpm;cGihf &ap&mü yg&rDonf pum;ajym\/
xdkyg&rDum; owd todwdkYü wnf\/
owd\ aphpyftm;? pl;pdkuftm;? odykdiftm;? oHk;rsKd;onf yg&rD
tEkt&ihfudk cGJa0ydkif;jcm;ay;aom wdkif;'kwfud&d,mwnf;/
1/ tMuifolonf r*¾ifvrf; xrf;vsufu oGm;&mü
owdtrSwf\ aphpyftm;jzihfom oGm;\/
xd kol\ rSwfÓPfonf 0d k;w0g;rQom jzpf&m xd kol\
todonfvnf; cGifvHk;ydkif r[kwf&um; oGm;vrf;rqHk;wwf/
odkYaMumihf...
¤if;tm; yg&rDEkol[líom orkwftyf\/
2/ tMuifolonf r*¾ifvnf; xrf;vsufuoGm;&mü
owdtrSwf\ aphpyftm;tMum; pll;pd kuftm;yg pdkufcsí
oGm;\/
xdkol\ rSwfÓPfonf oJuGJ½HkrQjzpf&m xdkol\ todonf
vnf; olYqdkif&m udpörQudkom od&um; oGm;vrf;rqHk;wqHk;0,f xpfwwf
\/
odkYaMumihf...
¤if;tm; yg&rD tv,ftvwf&Sdol[lí orkwftyf\/
3/ tMuifolonfum; r*¾ifvrf; xrf;vsufu oGm;&m
ü owdtrSwf\ aphpyftm;wGif pl;pdkuftm;vnf; jr§KyfoGif;ay;xm;\/
jzpforQ t&SD jzpfoavmufvnf; ododae\/ ysuforQ t&Sdüvnf;
ysufoavmufyif ododaebd\/
xdkol\ rSwfÓPfum; taumif;udkvnf;aumif;? tqdk;udk
vnf;aumif;? taMumif;udkvnf;aumif;? tusKd;udkvnf;aumif;? tdwfoGef
zmarSmuf awmufavQmufBuD; odydkifae&um; oGm;vrf;qHk;onfom jzpf&
\/
odkYaMumihf....¤if;udkum; yg&rD&ifhaeol[lí orkwftyfacs
\/ þü odapvdkonfrSm....
yg&rD[lonf owdtodudkom qdkvdkNyD; xdktrSwf xdktodwdkY
\ a&SUa&SUonf aemufaemufwdkYtwGuf jznfhay;xm;NyD; jzpfaeNyD; xdk
trSwf\ xdk;azmufay;xm;rItwdkif;vQif todvrf;tpüom ar;wif
aejcif;? tv,f0,f ar;wifaejcif;? tqHk;xd aygufajrmufjcif;[laom
ed,mrwnf;/
odkYaMumihf odu©mwif0efxrf; xdkvrf;oGm;wdkYonf rdrdwdkYvuf0,f
&Sd owd todwdkYudk xdxdrdrd toHk;csum....
rdrdvnf; oDvüwnf olwpfyg;wdkYudkvnf; oDvü wnfap
í odu©moHk;qifh rSefaomtusihfjzihf opömvrf; zGifhMuygavukef]/
oDv*kPfa&mif wajymifajymif wnfaxmifzefMuyg?
udk,fawmhraqmif trsm;aqmif rajymifrGJwwfpGm/
udk,fvnf;usihfaqmif rsm;usihfaqmif xG#facgifoDvwdkifrnf
om/
þqdktyfcJhNyD;aom tpDt&ifjzihf tydkif;(2) omoemjyKvkyf
ief;[laom qdkzG,f&mpum; NyD;qHk;jcif;odkY a&mufNyDwnf;/
24
]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/
DHAMMA 'S POEM
Ä ]ol}.....
£a`Eodu©m
csrsufvTmESihf
bm0emyGm;
bk&m;om;awmf/ /
Ä ]ol}.....
yihftdrfwdkif;qGrf;cH
arwåmcEÅD? yHkrSefay;tyf
aeç aojrwfa&;
tNrJawG;ae/ /
Ä ]ol}....
cH,lwnfaqmuf?
EkdifoavmufpGefY
aqmufwnfoDv?
avmbça'go
arm[w&m; z,fa&Smif&Sm;//
Ä ]ol}....
tvGrf;armif;ESif
pdwfMunfvifat;
bk&m;aq;aomuf
w&m;atmufrSmyJ
aysmfumae/
Ä ]ol}....
tyg,f0#fEGH? epfruRHzdkY
jr§KyfESHtm;xkwf? emrf½kyf"r®m
oHo&m&[wf? ig;&yfcEm
twåuGmatmif? usihfBuHatmif/
ausmf0if;ouf «odkYr[kwf» &Sifacrm0k"\yHk&dyf
(&Sifacrm0k")
Ä ]ol}....
xdkxdkvlrsm;? ukodkvfyGm;zdkY
0yfwGm;OD;wif? jrifvQif½dkusKd;
MunfndK&Sdcdk;jcif;udk cH,lol/
Ä ]ol}..
pHwkr&? avmuxGufayguf
rsufarSmufedAÁmef? t"d|mefESihf
r*fÓPfpOfawG &SmazGae/
Ä ]ol}...
obm0"mwf? y&rwfç ynwf
ESpf&yfydkif;jcm;? &Sif;jywfom;NyD;
oifMum;vdrfrm? 'd|duGmatmif
pdwfrSmtNrJqifjcifae/
Ä ]ol}...
olYb0rSm? bmrSrvdk
w&m;udkom? vdkvm;ESpfouf
r*fzdkvf&a&; 'gyJawG;/
Ä ]ol}...
uAsmorm;? pmorm;qdkwm
trsm;odaeNyD;om;yJ/
Ä ]ol}..
b0ed*Hk;? tqHk;owfvS
Ak'qHk;r? Mo0g'udkcH,l
½kyf"r®emrf"r®? jzpfMuysufMu
tedpö? 'ku©? tewåqifjcif
ÓPfESihf,SOfwGJ? avmuxJrSm
aoyGJ0ifzdkY jyifqifae/ /
&Sifacrm0k"(ausmf0if;ouf)
&Sdvnf;rydkif? udk,fESih frqdkif&S dvnf;rydkif? udk,fESih frqdkif
&S dvnf;rydkif? udk,fESih frqdkif&S dvnf;rydkif? udk,fESih frqdkif
&S dvnf;rydkif? udk,fESih frqdkif
Ä aowJhvlawG? aooGm;MuNyD
b,fqDudk,hftvSnhf
vSnhfavrnf rod/ /
Ä aoonf\ aemufrSm
bmrSvnf; ,lroGm;Ekdif
qdkif&mqdkif&m a0iS,loGm;Muwm/
Ä ao&Gmvm;olvnf;
bmrSvnf; rwwfEkdif
oleJYrqdkifovdkygyJ/ /
Ä uJ- bmawGudkrsm;
wyfrufcsifao;vJ¿/ /
rif;e&dE´m
Nothing!
* Dead humen are gone,When will my turn.After deathcan carry nothingcan own nothing.
* Authority ocncerned dividedHe(or) she was hopeless,can't interferethey dont' care.
* Well-what do you want at ageto be infatuated.
Min Nareinder
25
ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES
rsufESmzk H;rSFrom the Infront cover
&[ef;ig;&mwdkYudk taMumif; jyKí a[mMum;awmfrlayonf/
om0wd¬jynfü &[ef;ig;&mwdkYonf jrwfpGmbk&m;&SiftxHawmf
ü t&[wåzdkvfwdkifatmifom ur®|mef;udk oif,lNyD;í &[ef;w&m;udk
tm;xkwfjcif;iSm ,lZemwpf&mrQavmufaom c&D;odkY oGm;í rsm;pGm
aom vlwdkY\ ae&mjzpfaom wpfckaom &GmBuD;odkY a&mufMuukef\/
xdk&GmBuD;ESihf reD;ra0;wGif ur®|mef;w&m;yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&ef vGefpGm
oihfavsmfaomae&mXmejzpfay\/
xdkawmeufBuD;ü apmihfa&Smufxdef;odrf;í aeukefaom ewfwdkY
onf ]oDv&Sdukefaom t&SifjrwfwdkYonf þawmtkyfodkY <ua&mufawmf
rlvmMuukef\/ þawmtkyfü oDwif;oHk;ukefMuonf&Sdaomf? om;r,m;
wdkYESihftwl igwdkYonf opfyifxufüaejcif;iSmpifppftm;jzihfroihfavsmf
ravsmufywf} [kBuHí opfyifxufrS qif;oufNyD; ajrüwnfvsuf aeMu
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þ&[ef;wdk Yonf xdkawmtkyfXmeü wpfaeYwpfnrQom
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aom tqif;wdkYudkvnf;aumif;? xuf0ufjywfaom udk,fudkvnf;aumif;?
udk,fcEmrygOD;acgif;csnf;oufoufudkvnf;aumif; jyMuukef\/ bDvl;
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cspfom;&[ef;wdkY toifwdkYonf xdkt&yfodkYvQif oGm;jcif;
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Mu\/
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[kar;avQmufonfjzpfí igbk&m;onf toifwdkYtm; vufeufudk
ay;vdkuftHh/ þay;vdkufaom vufeufudk ,laqmifí oGm;Muukef
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rSmxm;rdefYqdkawmfrlNyD; vTwfvdkufav\/
&[ef;wdkYvnf; bk&m;ausmif;awmfrS xGufcJhMuí c&D;tpOf
twdkif;tm;jzihf tqkdygawmtkyft&yfodkYa&mufMuí ausmi;ftyü
taygif;o&ZÑm,fjcif;udk jyKí o&ZÑm,fvsufuomvQif awmtkyfodkY
after each obtaining a subject of meditation from the Buddha,travelled to a place far away and came to a large forest grove, asuitable place for medittion.
The guardian spirits of the trees dwelling in that forestthought that if those bhikkhus were staying in the forest, it wouldnot be proper for them to live with their families in the trees.
So, they descended from the trees, thinking that thebhikkhus would stop there only for one night. But the bhikkhuswere still there at the end of a fortnight and it occurred to themthat the bhikkhys might be staying there till the end of the rainyseason.
They realised that if that was so they and their familieswould have to live on the ground for a long time.
So, they decided to frighten away the bhikkhus by mak-ing ghostly sounds and frightful visions. They showed up withbodies without heads, and with heads without bodies, etc.
The bhikkhus were very upset and left the place andreturned to the Buddha, and related everything to him. The Bud-dha told them that this had happened because previously theywent without any weapon and that they should go back therearmed with a suitable weapon.
So, saying, the Buddha taught them the entire Mettasutta, the discourse on Loving-Kindness, as their weapon.
The bhikkhus were instructed to radiate their loving-kindness to all beings that inhabit the earth while reciting theMetta Sutta. They should harbour no ill-will or fear towards anybeing.
Thus the bhikkhus returned to the forest grove and didexactly as they were told. The guardian spirits of the treesm, onreceiving loving-kindness from the bhikkhus, reciprocated byreadily welcoming and not harming them.
They willingly stayed on the ground and so much har-mony and peace was generated. There were no more ghostlysounds and ungainly sights. Thus left in peace, the bhikkhusmeditated on the body and came to lealise its fragile and imper-manent nature.
Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows:Verse 40. Realizing that this body is (as fragile) as a jar, estab-lishing this mind (as firm) as a (fortified) city, he should attackMa-ra with the weapon of wisdom, He should guard his con-quest and be without attachment.
At the end of the discourse, the five hundred bhikkhusattained arahatship.
Nyain Chan Oo.
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aom tdk;pdrf;ESihfwlay\[k 0dyóemudk yGm;rsm;Muukef\/
pmrsufESm 26 odkY
26 umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES
<uvmawmfrlygw,f/ udk&ifav; Owå&udk
opömav;yg;jyum w&m;a[mawmfrlygw,f/
udk&ifav;Owå&vnf; jrwfpGmbk&m; a'oem
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pmrsufESm 10 rS
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3/ o*¾uxm (ewfjynfESihfpyfaomw&m;)
4/ r*¾uxm (r*fÓPfESihfpyfaomw&m;)
5/ umrmeH tm'De0uxm (umr*kPfwdkY\
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w&m;tpOfukd emMum;vkduf&onhf ,o[m
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vnf; nDrQzkd Yvdktyf\/ tykdr&Sd? tvdkom
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awmfjzihf? þ*gxmudka[mMum; awmfrl onf/
*gxm (40)/ þudk,fudk tdk;ESihfwlonf[k
odí NrdKUBuD;ozG,fjzpfaom þpdwfudkjzpf
apí ynmwnf;[laom vufeufjzih f
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ig;&mwdk Yonf oDwif;oHk; aexdkifMuaom
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xHawmfarSmufodkY vmMuavukef\/
Nidrf;csrf;OD;
pmrsufESm 25 rS
27
umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
bdk;bGm;&ifrS yJhwifoH
e'DoQH ('óe)
- igtdkoGm;aomtcg ig[m t&ifu
ig r[kwfawmhbl;/ ighudk em;vnfay;yg/
pdwf&Snf&Snfxm; qufqHay;yg/ csnfheJYeJYvuf
awGeJY xrif;[if;awG tusÐay:zdwfpifoGm;wJh
tcg? tusÐ? vHkcsnf zdkoDzwfoDjzpfaewJhtcg
ighudk ihgudkr&GHygESihf/ i,fi,fwkef;u igokwfoif
ay;cJhwmawGudk aus;Zl;jyKNyD; owd&ay;yg/
- tyfaMumif;xyfru ajymzl;wJh
pum;awG jyefajymrdwJhtcg pum;rjzwfbJ
aus;Zl;jyKNyD; em;axmifay;yg/ i,fi,fwkef;u
tdyf&m0ifwdkif; wpfaxmihfwpfnyHkjyifawG?
ig;&mig;q,fedygwfawG? ZmwfBuD;q,fbGJUawG
pwJhyHkjyifawGudk r½dk;atmifajym&if; igacsmhodyf
cJhwmawGudk owd&ay;yg/
- rvIyf&Sm;EdkifvdkY a&csdK;zdkY tultnD
vdkwJhtcg ihgudk rNidKjiifygeJY/ i,fi,fwkef;u
acsmhwvSnhf? ajcmufwvSnhf a&csdK;ay;cJhzl;wJh
yHk&dyfav;udk jrifa,mifay;yg/
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igjyefajzcJhwmudk owd&ay;yg/
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vrf ;ravQmufE d ki fw J htcg c Ge ftm;ygwJ h
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oifpt&G,fwkef;u wpfvSrf;csif; vrf;avQmuf
avhusihfay;cJhwmawGudk owd&ay;yg/
- wpfaeYxufwpfaeY tdkpmoGm;wJh
ighudk MunhfNyD; 0rf;renf;ygESihf/ em;vnfay;yg/
- t&ifwkef;u vlYb0wufvrf;
twGuf igvrf;ñTefcJhovdk tcktcsdefrSm ighb0
aemufqH k;tcd se ftwGuf tazmf jyKay;yg/
cspfjcif;arwåmeJY at;jrrIawGudk igNyHK;NyHK;av;
vufcHrSmyg/ tJ'D tNyHK;awGxJrSm rqHk;wJh
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txufyg pmom;rsm;ukd rnfonhf
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28
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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pdk;0if;(acsmuf)
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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33
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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udk wnfhay;r,hf q&maumif;r&SdcJhvQifaomf
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'gaMumifhyJ udk,favQmufaewJhvrf;aMumif;av;
aysmufroGm;zd k Ye J Y vrf;qH k;ra&mufao;bJ
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av;av;pm;pm;vkdufemNyD; rmefrmeudk csdK;ESdrf
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av;udk avhvmrdorQ wifjy&if;eJYyJ aemufxyf
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qufvufazmfjyygrnf
"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
36
jzwf Ekdif cJ onf
aZmfaemif
Ä vGefavNyD;cg jynfAm&m?
jA[®'wfrif; rif;jyKcg/
Ak'avmif;vsm xkdpOfu?
pkdufysKd;a&;orm;b0?
olYtrnfu uk'gvy@dw/
Ä xkd ]]uk'gv y@dw}} vQif?
ajrwl;ajrqG ajrukdjyif/
[if;&GufpkHvif pkdufysKd;a&;?
xkdtvkyfjzihf toufarG;/
Ä wpfaeYaomcg awG;rdyg?
onftwkdif;aeí tusKd;r&Sd&m/
&[ef;jyKygu aumif;avpG?
aumif;aomtBuH&/
Ä olukdifaeMu aygufwl;ukd?
wpfae&mwGif olxm;okd/
awmukd0ifí &[ef;jyK?
jrwfaom olYaumif;rI/
Ä &[ef;jyKxm;NyD; b0wGif?
aygufwl;ukdyJ rsufpdxJjrif/
oHa,mZOf olrjywf?
jyefcJhae&if;&yf/
Ä rjywfrom; xkdyk*¾Kdvf?
ajcmufBudrfajcmufcg tuJykd/
vlvdkaevkduf &[ef;0wfvkduf?
aygufwl;av;ukd avmbwkduf/
Ä ckepfBudrfajrmuftcgürl?
aygufwl;ukdqGJ,l/
olYzmomol qEjyif;?
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aygufwl;pGefYypf avmbuif;/
Ä csufcsif;yifvQif xkdyk*¾Kdvf?
]]atmifNyD}}? }}atmifNyD}} 0rf;ajrmufqkd/
xkdtoHudk bk&ifMum;
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ar;jref;pl;prf; Munfhavaomf/
]]atmifNyD}} onf r[kwfwpfjcm;?
tuRefatmifonf ]udavom] wum;/
Ä xkdpum;udk qkdNyD;um?
tmayguokdPf; ½Iav&m/
vsifjrefpGm psmefcP?
tmEkabmfvQif csufcsif;&/
Ä xkdyk*¾Kdvfu rif;BuD;ukd?
aumif;uifxufrSm a[mjyqkd/
]]atmifjrifjcif;}} ukd t"dyÜg,fzGihf?
rif;BuD; axmifem;pGihf/
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udavompdwf uG,faysmufum/
bk&m;tavmif; aemufvkdufum
awmNrKdifeef; jyKMuayhg &aoh&[ef;/
Ä Am&meef;&Sif awmokdY0if?
aemufvkdufAkdvfyg tukefac:iif/
igwkdYvQif þXme?
rnfodkYae&yhg/
Ä xkdodkYjrnfw nHpDa0?
Am&mjynfolawG?
wpfq,fhESpf,lZem&Sday/
bk&m;tavmif; aemufav vkdufygMu/
tm;vkH; pnf;vkH;nDnmrQ/
Ä wm0wd Homu jrausmufjzm?
bkd;odMum;rif; pHav&m/
yljyif;vm b,ftcif;?
qifjcifodMum;rif;/
Ä vlrif;bkef;BuD; wefckd;jzm?
ewfrif; raeom/
odMum;rif;yg tvkyfrsm;?
ac:ayhg 0dokBuKHewfom;/
Ä 0dokBuKHtm; tvkH;pkH?
ñTefMum;tzkHzkH/
jynfh0ukHvkH aexkdifa&;?
tm;vkH;pDpOf zefqif;ay;/
Ä vlpkvla0; rsm;vSpGm?
[dr0EÅmudk a&muf&Sdvm/
ae&mxkdifcif; tqifoihf?
ouFef;y&du©&m tqifoihf/
Ä OD;qkH;tm;jzihf ]]uk'gv}} vQif?
&[ef;abmifodkY t&if0if/
onhfaemufwGifrS aemufygrsm;?
&[ef;0wfapum ae&mcsxm;/
Ä þenf;tm;jzifh xyfa&mufvm?
ckepfjynfaxmif rif;wdkYyg/
,lZem okH;q,f&Sd?
&aoh&[ef;wdkY tjynhf/
Ä uk'gy@d &[ef;&Sif?
olYy&dowftm;vQif/
ur®|mef;pOf w&m;jy?
ormywfukd &Mu/
Ä jA[®0d[m&udk yGm;ap&m?
tm;vkH; BuKd;pm;tm;xkwfyg/
uG,fvGefaomtcg xkdolrsm;?
"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
37
jA[®mhjynfodkYvm;/
Ä &aohrsm;ukd ylaZmf&m?
tMuifolwdkYrSm/
aoaomtcg atmufodkYrouf?
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axGukd vkyf&aomfvnf; aumif;rGefaom tpm
tm[m&ukd rpm;&/ &[ef;wdkYrSmrl oufouf
omomjzihf tpmtm[m& aumif;aumif;rGef
rGefwdkYukd rSD0J&\/ igonf &[ef;jyKtHh}} [k BuH
\/ xkdokdYjzihf &[ef;jyK\/ odkYaomf wpfvcGJ
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,ckvnf;yJ t&Sifbk&m;xH oufxGef;taru
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awmfrsm;rSm waomaom &,farmMuavawmh
onf/
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38"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/
DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
"r®rdwfaqG wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&/
'Dwpfcgawmh ta<u;&Sif;wrf;uav;
vkyfjycsifygw,f/ ta<u;qkdwm 'ku©wpfrsKd;yg/
bmta<u;rSraumif;yg/ ]]ta<u;wif&if
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awG;rdMuvdrfhr,frxifyg/ ayghayhgae ayghayhgpm;
vlabmfaMumhawGu ta<u;,l&ef 0efrav;
wwfMuyg/ ]]ta<u;&r,fqkd&if qifukdawmif
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aeMuolawGygyJ/ trSefajym&&if ta<u;wifNyD
qkdwmeJY ta<u;auszkdY rvG,fulyg/ ta<u;ukd
ausatmifqyfEkdifzkd Y rvG,fawmhyg/ twkd;
t&if;aygif;um ta<u;ay:rSm ta<u;qihfNyD;
ta<u;oHo&mu rvGwfajrmufEkdifawmhvdkY
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a<u;?(4) 0#fa<u;/
Opöma<u; qkdwm &Sif;ygw,f/ ypönf;
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wmrs K d ;ay h g / c sp fo lc si f ;uwdrwnfwJ h
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NyD;awmh- wynhfawmfukd ac:vmol
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aemufukd bk&m;aiG rokH;awmhygbl;As} vdkY NyKdifwl
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ygw,f/ "r®rdwfaqG wlav;? wlrav;wdkYa&/
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OD;vSaomifukd ]]uJ- 'umBuD;? usef;rmatmif
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bk&m;BuD;udk jyKjyifwJhtjyif tvSLcH&&S dwJh
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&Sif;wrf;xJrSm owdarhNyD; ajr;uav;ukd tusÐ
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tu,fí okH;pGJrdyguvnf; usa&mufrnfh i&J
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azmfjyxm;ygowJhuG,f/ uJ- 'g[m ]]Opöma<u;}}
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rsm;} pmtkyf/
rsK d;jrih f(atmifvH)
39
"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
MORAL AND ETHICS
vdIif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih fvd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f
vd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih fvd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f
vd Iif MunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywdkufESih f
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'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD
'D*spfw,fpmMunhfwdkufrS jzef Ycs dxkwfa0vdkufNyD
1/ "r®0D&\ "r®oHpOfrsm; - Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d
2/ jzwfoef;csdef ed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; - Nidrf;csrf;OD; 'kwd,tBudrf
3/ urÇmhvlom;rsm; udk;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESihf
0g't,ltqrsm; - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d
4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\
pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpkrsm; - Nidrf;csrf;OD;
5/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ aumufEkwfcsufpmpk - "r®y'Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf pdk;jrifhvwf
6/ oEÅdokcodkY avSum;ckepfoG,f - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d
7/ Ak',Ofaus;rI &wem - t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY
8/ olawmfaumif;wdkY tvSLay;enf; - t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY
9/ a*gyuESihf Ak'b@mawmf - wuúodkvfoQifoD&d
10/ edAÁmefwufvrf; - ref;wuúodkvfatmifjrihf0if;
11/ jyifytdyfrufwpfck - rdk;[def;-om;*sme,fausmf
12/ orda'g',q&mBuD;a':rmvm&D - t&SifeErmvmbd0Ho
13/ Ak'bmom0ifwdkY\ r[maus;Zl;&Sif t&SiftmeEm - jrifhodef;-armfuRef;
14/ yg&rDjynhfNyD ,aomf"&m - &SifÓP-zsmyHk
15/ a&mifpOfrwlaomfvnf; vrf;rSefjrifEkdifonf
"r®tvif;wef; pmpkrsm; - t&Sifpdwå'Dy? EG,f,if;rm? a&TxD;
Ak'bmomwpfOD;\usihf0wfodu©mqdkif&m udk,fusifhw&m; (6)Moral and Ethical Conduct of a Buddhist (6)
By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt.Translated into Myanmar by Dhamma V1
-ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.
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MORAL AND ETHICS
This practical way of life has been murtured though the noble Teachings of Lord Buddha and through the tranquility of themind arising from purity of word, action and thought.
þvufawGUusaom b0vrf;pOfudk Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;\ jrihfjrwfaom oGefoifqHk;rMo0g'rsm;ESihf um,uH? 0pDuH?
raemuHpifMu,frIwdk YrSaygufzGm;vmaom pdwf\ Nidrf;csrf;rIwdk Y jzih f jyKpkysK d;axmifay;cJhayonf/
"r®0D&-oEÅmatmif(tjynfjynfqkdif&max&0g'wuúodkvf)
Relationship between a Layman and Monk
The relationship between a layman and a monk, who isa religious teacher or spiritual adviser, is more or less the same asthat existing in family-one of inter-dependence.
The layman depends on the monk for spiritual guidanceand advice and the monks who has devoted his whole life topreserving and teaching the Noble Doctrine, depends on thematerial support of the layman for his day-to-day sustenance.
A lay Buddhist who honours the Dhamma, is dutybound, to extend that honour and respect to the monk who in hisreligious leader and who is a member of the Sangha community.
The religious leader, in turn looks after the spiritual wellbeing of the layman and his family.
Such a relitionshikp is developed not through force orcompulsion, but through a spirit of common understanding andloving kindness.
This is a discipline and practical way of life which hassustained Buddhism for so many centuries.
This practical way of life has been nurtured throughthe noble Teachings of Lord Buddha and through the tranquilityof the mind arising from purity of word, action and though.
It should be sustained for many more centuries to come.Dhamma Vira ThandarAung. ITBM, University, Yangon
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twGuf vl'g,umwdkYudk cdkrSDtm;xm;&onf/
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odk Yr[kwf twif;t"r®jyKjcif;rsKd;jzifhr[kwfbJ? ESpfOD;ESpfzufauseyf
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b0ae xd ki fa&; vrf;pOf jzpfygonf/ þonfhb0vrf;pOfonf
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jrifhjrwfaom oGefoif qHk;rMo0g'rsm;ESifh um,uH 0pDuH raemuH
pifMu,frIwdk YrS aygufzGm;vmaompdwf\ Nidrf;csrf;rIwdk Yjzifh jyKpkysKd;
axmifay;cJhygonf/ ,if;,Ofaus;rI"r®w&m;udk aemifvmrnfh &mpkESpf
aygif;ajrmufjrm;pGmwnfwHhEk difatmif qufvufxdef;odrf;oGm;Mu
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tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g'Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf?&efukefNrdKU/