DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN PAKISTAN: TRENDING...

DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN PAKISTAN:TRENDING THE PAST THREE DECADES

Aysha Noor 1 & Dr. Shahnaz Akhtar 2

ABSTRACT

This current research was started with two questions; first, what factors have been responsible forthe determination of private investment in Pakistan over the last thirty years? Second, how these

determinants have been changing their role and significance in determining private investment during the studyperiod. The data was analyzed through a multiple regression model by dividing the whole data set into three subsetsrepresenting three decades assessing the decade wise impact of each variable on private investment in Pakistan. Theresults of the first two decades (i.e. 1981-1999) show that interest rates, CPI and debt external outstanding positivelyaffected private investment whereas public investment, GDP, FDI and credit availability had negative effect on privateinvestment. In the 3rd decade (i.e. 2000-2010) CPI, debt external outstanding, GDP, FDI and public investmenteffected private investment positively whereas credit availability and interest rate had a negative effect on it. The resultsclearly indicate weak institutional set up and policies along with the need to improve policies and regulations relatingto private investment.KEY WORDS: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Consumer Price Index (CPI), DebtExternal Outstanding, Credit Availability, Interest,

1Ph. D Scholar, Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.2Professor, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber

Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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EPRA International Journal of Climate and Resource Economic Review

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FOREST CONSERVATION AND TRIBAL LIVELIHOOD: APARADOXICAL STATE OF TRIBAL DOMINATED GRAM

PANCHAYAT OF BETUL DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH

Dr. Neelu Rawat 1

1Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology & Social Work, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidalaya, Sagar,Madhya Pradesh, India.

ABSTRACT

Tribes are an integral part of our society and spread over most part of the country. Over 104million people belonging to 700 communities (Srivastava, 2008) as member of scheduled tribes constituting

8.6 per cent (Census India, 2011) of total Indian population and is larger than that of any other country in the world.Historically, the economy of these communities revolved around natural resources especially forests, at different stages oftheir development. They not only moved from one to more than one source of income but also there is a trend in favourof monetized economy. Instead of these change, in many cases forest ceased to remain the main source of their livelihood,whether socio-economic condition or cultural characteristics are responsible for that. This paper is an outlook of such atribal dominated gram panchayat where forest has importance place to earn livelihood for the people residing there.Imbalance between available natural resources and requirement results into degradation of natural resources, and inmany cases same thing is going due to more dependency of tribal on forest for the livelihood but the another aspect isalso that there is available sources and opportunity to earn livelihood except forest.KEYWORDS: Tribal, Livelihood, Forest degradation, Firewood.

Vol 2 December - November 2014-15

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GREEN MARKETING AND ITS RELEVANCE IN PRESENTSCENARIO

Dr.Mrudula Trivedi 1

1Assistant Lecturer, Department of Commerce and Business Management, M.S.University of Baroda,Vadodara, Gujarat, India

ABSTRACT

Organizations with Marketing-orientation focuses on twin organizational goals i.e. customer satisfaction and profit maximization. However, due to continuous rise in air pollution, global warming,

ozone depletion and rise in temperature of the earth have made consumer’s ecologically aware. Today, consumers havestarted showing strong preference for green products. Many firms are attempting to meet latent and long term consumerneeds by adopting more ecologically friendly and socially responsive approach to product development, manufacturing,packaging, distribution and promotion. Those organizations which shifted their focus from marketing orientation toeco-marketing orientation and have used green marketing, enjoyed strategic competitive advantage in both domesticand international markets. In fact, when organizations begin to respond to the challenges of the environment, they couldsuccessfully control the cost of production, minimized the waste, increased their profit margins and created ecopreneurialculture within the organization.KEY WORDS: Marketing Orientation, Pollution, Environmental Challenges, Eco-Marketing Orientation,Employing Green Marketing, Competitive Advantage and Product Differentiation.


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A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF TELEVISION BEAUTYADVERTISEMENTS

Manju Kataria1 & Dr.Bandana Pandey2

1Research Scholar, Department of Advertising Management and Public Relations, Guru JambheshwarUniversity of Science & Technology, Hisar - 125001, Haryana, India.

2Professor, Department of Advertising Management and Public Relations, Guru Jambheshwar University ofScience & Technology, Hisar - 125001, Haryana, India.

ABSTRACT

Television can have a very high sensory and emotional impact since it can include static (text& graphics) as well as dynamic (audio & visual) elements. . On the other hand, TV is rather inflexible with

respect to size and format of the individual advertising which gives the individual advertising high costs in terms ofproduction as well placement. The power of advertising is so great that it can even get the people to do what they don’twant to do. People are going for things that are not necessities of life. Television advertising can have a very high sensoryand emotional impact since it can include static (text & graphics) as well as dynamic (audio & visual) elements. On theother hand, TV is rather inflexible with respect to size and format of the individual advertising which gives theindividual advertising high costs in terms of production as well placement. However, the large reach means that CPMprices are still reasonable low for TV advertising. The objective of this study is to analyze the content of TV advertisementsof beauty products. Content Analysis has been adopted for the study.KEY WORDS: Beauty advertisements, Television, content analysis, SPSS


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A CASE STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WITHREFERENCE TO MADURAI DISTRICT MUNICIPAL CORPORATION

Anitha Selvaraj 1 & Lavanya Murugesan 2

1Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Lady Doak College(Autonomous), Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

2Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Economics, Lady Doak College (Autonomous), Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.

ABSTRACT

The solid waste management is a big problem to municipal corporation authority. The solidwasteproduced by household, commerce, industry, construction, hospitals and animal husbandry is threatening

urban life. Its shortage collection, treatment and disposal involve huge process. If this process is not done effectively itmay cause serious health hazard. Due to ever increasing population and fast expanding industrialization, the quantumof production of metals, plastics, ceramics, leather etc., has been steeply increasing in the last few decades. On accountof low priority given to the solid waste management practices, it continues to remain inefficient and traditional. Theuncontrolled dumping of the waste have serious environmental implication in terms of water pollution which may causewater borne diseases such as jaundice, dysentery and vomiting and contribution to air pollution when waste is burnt.Moreover, when non-degradable goods like plastic, metals are burned it leads to emission of poisonous gas. Thus, a studylike this will create awareness among people to reduce the use of non-degradable things and develop the knowledge ofdisposing of solid waste in an eco-friendly manner.KEYWORDS:Solid Waste Management (SWM), Municipal Solid Waste, Garbage, Reuse, Recycle, Degradable waste,Non-degradable waste.


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POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN PANCHAYATI RAJ: ASTUDY OF SCHEDULED CASTE WOMEN SURPANCHES IN

WARANGAL DISTRICT

Dava Madhavi 1

1Research Scholar, Dept. of Political Science, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State, India

ABSTRACT

Empowerment is a process of awareness and capacity building leading to greater participation,decision-making power and control to transformative action. This paper examines the empirical study of

Scheduled Caste women in Panchyati Raj Institution in Warangal district of Telangana State, where how SC womenhave access to reach political empowerment through the Panchyati Raj Institutions. The present study was an effort toknow the extent of political participation of women in functioning as well as in the electoral process of the panchayatsand the problems faced by them. This study is based on the primary data that has random basis sampling method. Themain objective of this paper how evaluate the role of women in politics in Warangal district in the case of PanchayatiRaj Institution. Finally this paper examines the SC women elected representative are not treated equal by their malecounterparts on a par with them. So the drawback is due to gender inequality.KEYWORDS: PRI, Governance, Chauvinism, Empowerment, Panchayat, Women Development.


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A STUDY ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF THEEMPLOYEES WORKING AT PRIVATE COLLEGES

T.Navaneetha1 & Dr. B. Vijayalakshmi2

1Research scholar, Department of Business Management, Sri Padmavati Mahila VisvavidyalamTirupati, Andra Pradesh, India

2Professor and Head, Department of Business Management, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalam, Tirupati,Andra Pradesh, India.

ABSTRACT

Emotional intelligence is an important area in human resource management that contributes tothe satisfaction of the employees. Many organizations are planning new strategies and ways in order to

control the emotions of the employees. Emotional balance eat work place enhances the productivity and profitability ofthe company. The study analyses the emotional intelligence of the employees, and also it deals with the relationshipbetween various demographic factors with the emotional intelligence. The statistical tools like ANOVA and correlationare applied. The results of the study are very useful to every institution which needs to manage its employees and makethem emotionally stable. The study helps in attaining emotionally stable environment at the institution.KEY WORDS: Emotional Intelligence, Demographic Factors, Relationship.


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INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ON EMPLOYEES’PERFORMANCE LEVEL: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES

J.K. Kalpana Devi 1

1Research Scholar, Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study is to identify and analyse the influence of motivational factors ontheemployee’s performance level and effectiveness of the Information Technology Industry. Based on various

literature reviews the study identified Salary, Fringe benefits, Work Environment, Job Rotation and Job Autonomy as theMotivational Factors. The data for the study had been collected from 100 employees working in different InformationTechnology companies situated in Chennai city. Using Chi-Square analysis it was found that the motivational factorsrevealed some statistically significant difference in the relation to the personal profile of the employees. Employee’schoices of motivation factors may differ according to their culture, position in the organization and other personalprofile.KEY WORDS: Motivation, Motivational Factors, performance level.


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CLIMATE CHANGE AND INDIAN AGRICULTURE

Dr V. Basil Hans1

1Associate Professor and Head, Department of Economics, St Aloysius Evening College,

Mangaluru – 575 003, Karnataka State, India.

ABSTRACT

Climate change is, in theory, the perfect topic for global discussion. It is a growing global problem and concern, calling for concerted efforts by the developed as well as developing countries. The chief factor

that is responsible for the climate change is the “greenhouse effect”. India now ranks fourth in GHG emission. With USAand China now joining hands (November 2014) to reduce emissions significantly, it will be India’s turn to make acommitment. We are responsible for the strongest threat namely the “global warming”. Global warming is projected tohave far-reaching and intense impacts on conditions affecting agriculture, including temperature, carbon dioxide,glacial run-off, precipitation, and the interaction of these elements. Already the effects are visible, making many people,especially those dependent on agriculture, vulnerable. Concerns about the impact of climate change on agricultureconnected with environmental problems are among the major developmental issues in India today. The Gangotri glacieris already retreating at a rate of 30 metres a year. An increase in rainfall is simulated over the eastern region of Indiabut the northwestern deserts may see a small decrease in the absolute amount of rainfall. Diseases for human, crops andanimals are on the rise. There is risk of continuous fall in productivity and production. Climate change and vulnerabilityhave physical, financial and ethical implications. Sustainable development needs climate stabilisation.

The objectives of this paper are – one to analyse the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture, and two,to suggest strategies and actions to mitigate the problem and the challenges ahead. Our emphasis is on civic responsethat combines international policy agreements with autonomous and local efforts in keeping with geo-political andeconomic conditions. It seeks to integrate knowledge (including research) and action for and by the people at the levelsof farming as well as framing polices.KEYWORDS: Agriculture, civic response, global warming, India, vulnerabilityJEL CLASSIFICATION : Q1, Q5, Q54


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SUGAR INDUSTRY IN INDIA

T.Arimohan1

1Ph.D scholar Department of Economics, Saraswathi Narayanan College (Autonomous), Madurai-22,Tamil Nadu, India

ABSTRACT

India is the largest consumer of sugar and the second largest producer of sugar with a share of over15 per cent of world sugar production. Sugar industry is the second largest agro based industry in India

after textiles. The importance of sugar industry in India can be judged from the fact that about 45 million sugarcanegrowers and a large number of rural laborers depend on sugarcane and sugar industry for their livelihood. Sugarcultivation accounts for 3 per cent of total cultivated area and contributes 7.5 per cent of the gross value of agriculturalproduction.KEYWORDS: Sugar cultivation, rural laborers, farmers, livelihood, open market.

ROLE OF TEACHER’S IN STRENGTHENING VALUE EDUCATIONAMONG THE CHILDREN

Banoth Ramchand 1

1School Assistant in English, Zilla Parishad School, Dummudugem Mandal, Khammam District,Telangana State, India

ABSTRACT

Teacher is supposed to be the ethical watchdog of the society. He is a role model for his studentsand also for the society. His secret of teaching values is to inspire and kindle the quest among the students

by means of his own example of character and mastery of knowledge. It means by embodying values with ourselves ‘wecan really radiate values to our students. So good teacher should posses a sound psychological knowledge of the differentparts of the being, of the different qualities that come into play in various actions and the right laws of the developmentof personality in relation to the development of capacities and values of an integrated personality. It requires specifictraining for teachers before entering the profession.KEYWORDS: Self-Discipline, School, Values, School, Students, Cultural Heritage.


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IMPACT OF WORK-LIFE CONFLICT ON THE LIFE SATISFACTIONOF WORKING WOMEN: A CASE STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

SECTOR IN CHENNAI CITY

S.Saranya 1 & Dr. K. Latha 2

1Research Scholar in Management, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India2Research Supervisor, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACTAlthough Freud said happiness is composed of love and work, reality often forces us to choose love or work.

- Letty Cottin Pogrebin

This study is a step to pinpoint the issue of work-life conflict faced by working women, which isa noteworthy dilemma which needs to be discussed and tackled properly, in order to prevent it from

becoming a dilemma in the future in country like India. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of work lifeconflict on life satisfaction of working women. A quantitative approach has been taken. The Sample consists of 195working women of Higher Education Institutions of chennai city out of which 145 questionnaires were returned whichyield to response rate of 74.35%.Results indicated that 12.5% of variance in Life satisfaction of working women isdue to Work life conflict.KEYWORDS: Work, Life Conflict, Life Satisfaction, Working Women, Emotional Exhaustion.


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Dr. I. Sundar1

1Associate Professor of Economics, Directorate of Distance Education, Annamalai University,Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.

ABSTRACT

Green Infrastructure is addressing the spatial structure of natural and semi-natural areas butalso other environmental features which enable citizens to benefit from its multiple services. This paper

deals with sustainable benefits of green infrastructure. It outlines the landscape value green infrastructure and greeninfrastructure planning. This paper sheds light on research issues in green infrastructure. This paper concludes withinteresting findings along with policy suggestions.KEYWORDS: Green Infrastructure, Economic Sustainability, Carbon Dioxide, Rainfall.

ROLE OF ECONOMIC INCENTIVES IN BIODIVERSITYCONSERVATION

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Dr. I. Sundar1

1Associate Professor of Economics, Directorate of Distance Education, Annamalai University,Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India.

ABSTRACT

Biodiversity is often un-priced and un-valued. This often results in a “market failure” since there is little incentive for those using or affecting biodiversity to take it into account in their decision making.

In economics parlance, the incentives need realigning to ensure development is based on the sustainable use of resources.This paper deals with economic cost of biodiversity decline, classification economic instruments for biodiversity conservationand demand and supply classification of economic instruments for biodiversity conservation. This paper outlines thedirect approaches and indirect approaches of incentive mechanism towards biodiversity conservation. This paper concludeswith some interesting findings along with policy suggestions.KEYWORDS: Biodiversity, Biological Diversity, Ecosystems, Biological Resources.


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IMPACT OF STRESS ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

S.Sharmila1 &Dr. K. Latha2

1Research Scholar in Management, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India2Research Supervisor, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research paper will contain information which will either prove or show nocorrelation between stress and the student’s ability to perform well under these stressful circumstances. The

purpose of this report is to provide a discussion on stress and how it can possibly hinder students from doing the best thatthey can with regards to their educational journey. The literature is supportive of the fact that stress places demands onan individual, and in response to the stress, the body attempts to adapt to the stressful experience to maintain a sense ofnormalcy (Selye, 1974, (Dziegielewski et al., 2004). A disturbing trend in college student health is the reportedincrease in student stress nationwide (Sax, 1997). Stressors affecting students can be categorized as academic, financial,time or health related, and self-imposed (Goodman, 1993; LeRoy, 1988). Academic stressors include the student’sperception of the extensive knowledge base required and the perception of an inadequate time to develop it (Carveth,Gesse, & Moss, 1996). Students report experiencing academic stress at predictable times each semester with the greatestsources of academic stress resulting from taking and studying for exams, grade competition, and the large amount ofcontent to master in a small amount of time (Abouserie, 1994; Archer & Lamnin, 1985; Britton & Tesser, 1991; Kohn& Frazer, 1986.KEYWORDS: Academic, University Students, Stress, Performance,job insecurity, financial status.


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BEHAVIOURAL ANALYSIS OF CONSUMERS TOWARDSGREEN PACKAGING IN FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS

FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLITY

Dr.AL.Malliga1& V.Santhanalakshmi 2

1 HOD i/c and Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Mother Teresa University,Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, India.

2. Head and Assistant Professor, Department of Costume Design and Fashion, G.Venkataswamy NaiduCollege, Kovilpatti, Tamil Nadu, India.

ABSTRACT

Environmental concern has become not only a significant public issue but also an important topic in academic research. The interaction of business and environment is closely connected nowadays. In

Tamilnadu, the combination of green and packaging would be a new choice for consumers. The current study conductedis an exploratory research. The study seeks to investigate consumer preference for green packaging in consumers’ purchasing.In this survey, questionnaire is used to study on the extent to which the price sensitivity, attitude toward brand, convenienceof use of the packaging, green packaging, label and product design influence on customer purchase intention whilepurchasing in the super markets. A total number of 100 hardcopies of personally administered questionnaire aredistributed to the super market consumers in Kovilpatti. Out of 100 hardcopies of personally administered questionnairedistributed, a number of 89 hardcopies are returned and only 76 hardcopies returned are usable for further analysis.The findings of the study show that only Brand of the product influences the consumer buying behaviour and the impactof green packaging is very low in the purchasing behaviour of the consumers.KEYWORDS: Green marketing, Green Packaging, Consumer Behaviour.


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Dr.S.Kalaiselvi 1

ABSTRACT

Special or Exceptional child is defined as child one who deviates from the normal child. Specialeducation designed to provide education to meet the unique needs of these children. The special class Teacher

is trained to educate these educational opportunity for all children is their right to get it .So it is the socialresponsibility to help psychologically and integrating them into society. Special schools have been organized forexceptional children especially the socially maladjusted crippled and multiply handicapped. This paper analyses sometypes of special children, how they trained with teachers and some policy measures and strategies for the creation ofemployment opportunities for barrier free environment.KEYWORDS:Disability, Exceptional, Mental Illness, Special Education, Handicapped.

1Assistant Professor of Economics (DDE), Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002,Tamilnadu, India

A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY AND COMMUNITYSUPPORT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY

SCHOOL CHILDREN

Ms. Anju Kalita 1

ABSTRACT

The need to improve our academic performance among student population especially in therural areas is one of the most persistent and challenging issues that education faces today. This research

paper looks at the roles or influences family and community can have or play in addressing the issue.

SPECIAL CHILDREN, SPECIAL SCHOOLS AND SPECIALTEACHERS: AN OVERVIEW

KEYWORDS: Students, Community, School Children, Family, Population.

1M.Ed. Faculty, R/s, Department of Education, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.


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CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY:STRATEGIES, ISSUES AND CHALLENGES TO INDIA

Anita1 & Mahima2

Corporate social responsibility is a commitment to improve community well being through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources. Corporate Social Responsibility

is not a new concept in India. CSR is in a very much budding stage. Citibank, PepsiCo. And McDonald’s are the examplesof corporate social responsibility or business virtue that is practices that improve the workplace and benefits society inways that go above and beyond what companies are legally required to do? What do these activities signify? Throughdonations and charity events, many other organizations have been doing their part for the society. The basic objectivesof CSR in these days are to maximize the company’s overall impact on the society and stakeholders. CSR policies,practices and programs are being comprehensively integrated by an increasing number of companies throughout theirbusiness operations and processes. Many companies think that corporate social responsibility is a peripheral issue fortheir business and customer satisfaction is more important for them. They imagine that customer satisfaction is now onlyabout price and service, but they fail to point out on important changes that are taking place worldwide that couldblow the business out of the water. This paper emphasis on the strategies of CSR and issues and challenges faced by theactivities in India. It exemplified the sense of responsibility towards the upliftment of common masses and protection ofthe environment and development of the nation.KEYWORDS: Corporate social responsibility, corporate strategies, economic development, CSR initiatives, issuesand challenges.

ABSTRACT

1&2Assistant professors, Department of Commerce, G. V. M. Girls College, Sonepat, Haryana, India.


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LATEST AMENDMENDS IN TAXATION POLICY OF INDIA

Ms.Vandana1 & Ms.Shailja2

ABSTRACT

One of the important resources of revenue for every government is tax which is fulfilling itscommitment towards society. Taxes are classified as direct taxes and indirect taxes. Direct and indirect

taxation have different impacts on the consumer & country, they have advantages and disadvanges in the same time.Thisstudy presents an overview of the directs and indirect tax in India. It focuses on recently changes in direct and indirecttax, special investigation team for black money and also the role of direct and indirect tax in our economy. Our countryis a developing country and we all know that in developing countries Indirect tax are more meaningful as compare todirect tax. The study focuses on why indirect tax is more suitable in developing countries? This study is based onsecondary data.KEYWORDS: Indirect Tax, Black Money, Tax Evaders, Tax Administration, Direct Taxes

1Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, G.V.M. Girls College, Sonepat, Haryana2Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, G.V.M. Girls College, Sonepat, Haryana


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ZONING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ECOTOURISMDESTINATIONS – A STUDY OF MUNNAR

Mr Sidhique P 1 & Mr Vimeesh MS 2

ABSTRACT

The term ‘ecotourism’ is generally used in the context of tourism in ecologically sensitive areaslike the protected areas. Ecotourism has been formulated and studied as an instrument for sustainable and

equitable tourism. Ecotourism is thought to encourage both conservation and development and synergistic relationshipsbetween tourism, biodiversity and local people. Overdevelopment of ecotourism has resulted in a series of problems whichalso degrade an environment. Natural resource attractions can be jeopardized through improper uses or overuse. Physicalsite alteration and disturbance of biota; removal and redistribution of materials; pollution; loss of biodiversity and a hostof other problems result from unplanned and uncontrolled tourism development. It is in this context that zoning ofecotourism spots for development activities assumes importance. Proper identification of ecologically fragile areas basedon ecosystem, biodiversity and landscape and topography patterns is the major subjective research that has to beundertaken to zone the destinations and state down guidelines for their pattern of development. Munnar, ‘the Kashmirof South India’ in Kerala has become a very popular ecotourism destination in recent times and is also suffering fromunplanned and haphazard development. Hence, this paper reveals the use of zoning in ecotourism destinations takingthe major tourism spots of Munnar as a case study.KEY WORDS: Ecotourism, Zoning, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Landscape and topography patterns

1&2 Lecturers in English, Calicut University Centre, Kadmat, Lakshadweep, India


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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SPICES AGAINST BACTERIAISOLATED FROM SPOILED FRIED RICE

Dhanya K.G 1

ABSTRACT

Determination of antimicrobial effectiveness against specific pathogens is essential to propertherapy. Testing can show which agents are most effective against a pathogen. Antimicrobial agent is one

that interferes with the growth and metabolism of microbes. In common usage the term denotes inhibition of growth.Many of spices and the herbs used today have been valued for their antimicrobial affects and medicinal powers inadditives to their flavor and fragrances qualities. In this study spoiled fried rice is a leading cause of Staphylococcus andStreptococcus and emetic-type food poisoning in local restaurant.. And antimicrobial activity of spices against bacteriaisolated from spoiled fried rice.KEY WORDS: Spoiled fried rice, Spices, Antimicrobial activity, Staphylococcus sps andStreptococcus sps.

1Research Scholar, Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu, India.

SCENARIO OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN INDIA

Mr. Vishal Vishnu Ovhal1 & Ssekabira Robert2

ABSTRACT

India is second largest populous country; hence its energy demand would be the raised resultincreased burden on natural resources and started access exploitation of environment good and services.

Energy is one of the most important parts of development. This paper has depicted scenario of potential and realinstalled capacity of renewable energy resource in India. India has large potential of solar energy but real installationcapacity is very low. Researcher would like to suggest to policy maker of Indian, if we succeed in develop the solartechnology and prepare good strategy and policy for use of renewable energy in household and industry then we caneasily achieve green sustainable development without loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity.KEY WORDS: Renewable energy, Green economy, Energy Potential, SWOT analysis

1 Research student, Department of Economics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India2Research student, Department of Economics, Rajaram College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.


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RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH PANCHAYATIRAJ -CONCEPT, PROMISE AND PERFORMANCE

Prof. Kedar Nath Bishoyi 1 & Ms. Sarala Maheswari 2

ABSTRACTS

The study aims to explore “planned development” or “deliberate development”, whether it is economic,social or political development. We have to plan as how to make the environment congenial to the proper

stability and the balanced growth of the institutions. After independence, how far our rural development programme hasbeen successfully achieved to eradicate rural poverty from our community.KEYWORDS: Panchayatraj, Rural Development, Planned Development, Economic Development.

1Principal& Head, Department of Political Science, Science College, Konkorada, Ganjam Odisha, India2Programme Executive, Jeevan, Odisha, India

STATUS OF MILK PRODUCTION AND EXPORT OF DAIRYPRODUCTS

Dr.Gudipati Vijayudu1

ABSTRACT

The paper presents the status of milk production, export of dairy products, food processingindustries to gross domestic product (GDP), and about GDP in agriculture, manufacture goods and also

per capita availability of milk for recent years at national level. The major portion of the paper deals with status of milkproduction and export of dairy products such as skimmed milk powder, ghee, butter, cheese, chocolates, creamer, and babyfood products. Review of exports of some of these products is attempted for recent years, and further export potential ishighlighted.KEY WORDS: Milk production, Export of milk products, Food processing industries and Exports policies

1Department of Economics, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur District,Andhra Pradesh, India.


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CIVIL SOCIETY AND GOOD GOVERANCE IN INDIA- APERSPECTIVE

Mr. Sanmaya Kumar Biswal1

ABSTRACT

The focus on civil society has become sharper in recent times because of the decline of the conceptof welfare sate all over the world. The need of the hour, therefore is going to forge pervasive partnership

between the state, the corporate section and the civil society instead of dominance of one over the other. The electionprocess, legislative mechanism role of judiciary, regional political parties, bureaucratic tendencies towards good governanceare one cardinal pillar for the successful working of our democratic government.KEYWORDS: Civil Society, Good Governance, Universal Adult Franchise, Legislative Process

1Executive (Administration), SBI Life Insurance Co. Ltd., Keonjhar, Odisha.

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