Date: January 22, 2015

Topic: Setting the Stage for the Civil War.

Aim: How did various events come together causing the Civil War?

Do Now: Multiple Choice Questions.

THE SLAVERY ISSUE Differences between the North and South finally

threatened the existence of the nation. The debate that followed on how slavery should be treated centered on constitutional issues.

Until the Civil War the Constitution had recognized and protected slavery in three ways: the 1. Three Fifths Compromise, 2. the provision that Congress could not end the importing of slaves before 1808, and

3. the fugitive slave clause. These compromises had been made in order to encourage southern states to ratify the Constitution. With the expansion of American territory in the West, controversy brewed over whether these new territories should allow slavery or not. According to the reading, how did the Constitution recognize and

protect slavery prior to the Civil War?

NORTHERN VIEWS Northerners who sought to stop the spread of slavery

argued that the Congress had power over the territories. The Northwest Ordinance had banned slavery in the territory north of the Ohio River, while the Missouri Compromise of 1820 had banned slavery in the part of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36/30 N latitude. These precedents, they argued, showed that Congress had the power to ban slavery in new territories.

SOUTHERN VIEWS Southerners argued that the Constitutional recognition and

protection of slavery meant that Congress did not have the authority to prevent the extension of slavery into the territories. They also argued that Congress had a constitutional duty to protect slavery where it already existed in the South. How do the northern views differ from the

southern?

Who has a stronger argument? Why?

COMPROMISE #1THE MISSOURI

COMPROMISE

Slavery banned north of 36 degrees 30 minutes latitude.

Maine would be admitted as a free state. Missouri was admitted as a slave state.

Missouri Compromise (1820)

COMPROMISE #2 THE COMPROMISE OF

1850

A.) California entered the Union as a free state.

B.) Adopt a Fugitive Slave Law and enforce it rigorously.

C.) Establish the territories of Utah and New Mexico and allow settlers in these territories to decide the slavery issue by vote, or popular sovereignty.

The Compromise of 1850

Northern Free States =

30 Senators

Southern slave states =

30 senatorsCALIFORNIA ENTERING WOULD UPSET THE BALANCE!

Why is upsetting this balance significant?

The North and the South will not have equal representation in government.

WHY IS THIS SIGNIFICANT?

The North or the South will not be able to pass their own policies.

COMPROMISE OF 1850 MAP

COMPROMISE #3

THE KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT

STEPHEN DOUGLAS

KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT

The remainder of the Louisiana Purchase will be divided into two territories – Kansas and Nebraska-and allow the people in these territories to decide on the question of slavery.

B-BYE!

Predict what happens next…

Anti-slavery and pro-slavery groups rushed their supporters to Kansas.

PRO SLAVERY GOV’T ANTI-SLAVERY

GOVERNMENT

PREDICT A POSSIBLE OUTCOME FROM THIS SITUATION…

Gentlemen of the slave states…I accept your challenge in …the cause of freedom. We will engage in competition for…Kansas, and God give the victory to the side which is stronger in numbers as it is in right

Describe the person who would say this.

William Henry Seward – NY Senator

Pro and anti slavery people rushed into Kansas to vote on the issue of slavery erupting in violence.

Pro-slavery mob destroyed homes, stores, and an antislavery newspaper office in Lawrence, Kansas.

John Brown and an anti-slavery group killed pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek.

Violence erupted in the US Senate, where the southern congressmen Preston Brooks beat abolitionist Senator Charles Sumner because of remarks made in a speech.

Bleeding Kansas