PREPOSITION USE - IN / AT / ON - PREPOSITIONS OF TIME AND DATE

IN Use 'in' months and years and periods of time: in January

in 1978

in the twenties

Use 'in' a period of time in the future: in a few weeks

in a couple of days

AT Use 'at' with precise time: at six o'clock

at 10.30

at two p.m.

ON Use 'on' with days of the week: on Monday

on Fridays

Use 'on' with specific calendar days: on Christmas day

on October 22nd

IMPORTANT NOTES in the morning / afternoon / evening - at night

We say in the morning, afternoon or evening BUT we say 'at night'

EXERCISES 1 1. Let's meet _____ six o'clock.

2. He was born _____ July.

3. I went there _____ 1978.

4. She'll be at work ___Friday.

5. We met _____ Christmas day.

6. They drove to Rochester _____ September 15th.

7. We arrived in this country _____ October.

8. I love to go shopping _____Christmas time.

9. We get up early _____ the morning.

10. Do you dream _____ night?

11. What do you like doing _____ weekends?

12. He's working on his homework _____ the moment.

13. I lived in the US _____ the 1980s.

14. I'll see you _____ a few weeks.

15. We like going to the movies ______ Fridays.

EXERCISES 2 WRITE THE CORRECT QUESTION USING THE WORD “WHEN” Example: Jack is at school in the morning. When is he at school?

1. Mary is always at home at night. _____________________________________________

2. Leslie studies computing on Saturdays. _____________________________________________

3. Peter and Carol want to visit Huaraz in March. ____________________________________________

4. There’s a great party tonight. _____________________________________________

5. There are two fantastic concerts tomorrow. _____________________________________________

6. There is an important meeting the day after tomorrow.

_____________________________________________ THERE IS, THERE ARE To talk about the existence of something, we use the verb form

"there is". Although the word "there" is not exactly a noun, it permits

us to conserve the NOUN - VERB word order of declarations, and the

VERB - SUBJECT word order of questions.

DECLARATION QUESTION SINGULAR: there is is there?

PLURAL: there are are there?

CONTRACTIONS: there is there's

there is not there's not there isn't

there are XXX

there are not XXX there aren't

is there? XXX

XXX* isn't there?

are there? XXX

XXX* aren't there?

* XXX We never say: "is not there?" or "are not there?"

EXAMPLES: -Are there cities on the moon?

No, there aren't.

-Is there an elephant in this room?

No, there isn't. / No there's not.

-Is there a chair in this room?

Yes, there is.

EXERCISES COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THERE IS OR THERE ARE

1. ___________ a big armchair in this living room.

2. ___________ many books in this shelf.

3. ___________ a microwave oven in the kitchen.

4. ___________ chairs in the patio.

5. ___________ roomy cabinets near the refrigerator.

6. ___________ a rug in the bedroom.

7. ___________ three night table lamps in my sister’s bedroom.

8. ___________ one tinny dog in that yard.

9. ___________ a broken car in the middle of the street.

10. _____________ an unknown flying object over there.

THE TIME What time is it? What time is it? It’s 8 o’clock It’s 8:30 (half past eight)

What time is it? What time is it? It’s 8:15 It’s 8:45

(a) quarter past/after eight. (a) quarter to/of nine.

EXERCISES LOOK AT THE TIMES AND WRITE THE CORRECT ONE

O’CLOCK

HALF

AFTER/PAST TO/OF

SEASONS

WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX IN THE CORRECT PICTURE

SUMMER WINTER AUTUMN/FALL SPRING

UNIT:

SUBJECT : PRESENT CONTINUOUS

VOCABULARY THE HOUSE

1. BATHROOM 2. BEDROOM 3. LIVINGROOM 4. FRONT YARD 5. KITCHEN 6. LAUNDRY 7. GARAGE 8. HARDWARE ROOM

1

2

3 5 6

7

4

8

1. THE BATHROOM WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

bathtub first aid box washbasin mirror toilet shower

2. THE BEDROOM WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

make-up dresser bed wardrobe chest of drawers

night table table lamp

3. THE LIVINGROOM WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

coffee table armchair TV stereo sofa glass cabinet

rug bar

4. THE KITCHEN WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

microwave oven stove table cabinet sink refrigerator

5. THE LAUNDRY WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

hamper sink washing machine bucket

6. THE GARAGE WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

bike tools car garbage can

7. THE HARDWARE ROOM WRITE THE WORDS FROM THE BOX UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

lawn mower hose boxes tools

1. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

The present progressive expresses an activity that is in progress (is occurring, is happening) right now. The event is in progress at the time the speaker is saying the sentence. The event began in the past, is in

progress now, and will probably continue into the future.

1. AFFIRMATIVE FORM

SUBJECT+ BE+ V-ING+C

She is taking a shower.

They are crying at home.

Juan is listening to the teacher.

Carol and her boyfriend are working together.

2. NONPROGRESSIVE VERBS

(a) I hear a bird. It is singing. (b) I’m hungry. I want a sandwich. (c) This book belongs to Mikhail.

Some verbs are not used in progressive tenses. Correct: I have a bird (right now). Incorrect: I am hearing a bird (right now).

NONPROGRESSIVE VERBS hear believe be own need like forget see think* exist have* want love remember understand possess prefer hate know belong

• Sometimes think and have are used in progressive tenses.

COMPARE:

I think that grammar is easy. When think means believe, it is

nonprogressive.

I am thinking about grammar right now. When think expresses

thoughts that are going through a person’s mind, it can be

progressive.

Tom has a car. When have expresses possession, it is not used

in the present progressive.

I’m having a good time. In certain idiomatic expressions (e.g.,

have a good time), have can be used in the present

progressive.

3. SPELLING OF THE “-ING FORMS”

RULES EXAMPLES a. When the simple form of a verb ends in

a single (e),the (e) is dropped before adding (ing).

The exception is: Be – Being

have having write writing choose choosing use using

b. When a one-syllable verb ends in a single consonant (excepting w, x, and y) preceded by one vowel, the consonant is

doubled before adding (ing). A final consonant preceded by two vowels

is Not doubled.

sit sitting stop stopping run running look looking wear wearing

c. When a verb of more than one syllable ends in a single consonant preceded by one vowel, the final consonant is double

when the last syllable is stressed.

The final consonant is not doubled when the last syllable is unstressed.

admit admitting forget forgetting prefer preferring begin beginning listen listening remember remembering

d. When the simple form of a verb ends in (ie), the (e) is dropped and the (i)

is changed to (y) before adding (ing).

die dying tie tying lie lying

e. In all other cases, (ing) is added to the simple form.

do doing see seeing stand standing study studying wash washing

4. NEGATIVE FORM

We form the negative by adding “not” after the verb “be”. For example: *She is not working for Texaco.

*We are not living in Mexico.

*Peter is not playing with his toys.

*Laura and John are going shopping.

*The students are not practicing their exercises.

*I am not selling in a store.

*You are not keeping that in a safe place.

SUBJECT+BE+NOT+V-ING+C

5. YES-NO QUESTIONS

We form the interrogative form by changing the position of the

subject and the verb “be”.

Examples: *Is she sleeping on a bed?

Yes, she is.

No, she isn’t.

*Are they reading a book at the institute?

Yes, they are.

No, they aren’t.

*Are you listening to your teacher right now?

Yes, I am.

No. I am not.

*Is the sky getting dark?

Yes, it is.

No, it isn’t.

6. INFORMATION QUESTIONS

To form the information questions we need to use the “question

words”, they are the following: When, Who, What, Where, Why.

BE+SUBJECT+V-ING+C+?

Question word + conjugate the helping verb 'be' + subject + verb + -ing

What am I are you

is he is she

is it are we are you are they

doing this afternoon?

When is he working at home?

Right how.

Who is living in Peru?

Betty and Pablo.

What is he doing now?

He’s playing soccer.

What is she making?

She’s making a cake.

Where are they traveling?

To Europe.

Why are you studying at SIDEM?

Because I want to be a professional.

EXERCISES: Fill in the verbs in brackets in their correct forms into the gaps.

Example: We ________ (to go) to the cinema now.

Answer: We are going to the cinema now.

1. John and Mandy ____________________ the kitchen. (to clean)

2. I _____________________ a book at the moment. (to read)

3. It _____________________ now. (to rain) 4. We _____________________ a new song. (to sing) 5. The children _____________________ TV. (to watch) 6. My pets _____________________ now. (to sleep) 7. Aunt Helen _____________________ the ducks. (to feed) 8. Our friends ___________________ their rucksacks. (to pack) 9. They _____________________ at the moment. (to study) 10. When _____________________ (the plane/arrive)?

11. We _____________________ (not/work) in the office this

week.

12. She _____________________ TV. (to watch) 13. Tom ________________ (to play) Tennis on Friday. He

_________________ (to go) to Boston.

14. What _____________________ (you/read) at the moment?

15. I ______________ (to cook) dinner tonight. Would you like

to come?

16. It _____________________ (to work). I think it's broken.

17. When _____________________ (you/meet) Jane?

18. He _____________________ (to learn) German for his job.

Exercises 2 Complete the sentences with “be” or “present progressive”:

1. The weather_____________ so hot today.

2. They __________________ (work) for Mobil Company.

3. It _____________________ (not rain) right now.

4. Monique _______________ a good partner.

5. Cathy__________________ (not) an excellent lawyer. She

______ a perfect accountant.

6. These books_____________ yours and not mine.

7. The children_________________ (play) in the park with their

parents.

8. Look! The cat ___________________ (try) to climb that tall

tree.

9. The policeman _________ at the bank.

10. The smiths __________________(spend) the summer in

Scotland with some friends.

11. I think the telephone ________________ (ring), why don’t you

answer?

12. What________ your favorite color?

13. _______ you sure to be on time next class?

14. Who ____________ (live) with you?

15. Where__________ your parents?

16. ________Cathy and John ________ (have) lunch in the

cafeteria now?

17. Why _________ you here and not there?

18. Because I __________________ (study) to be a professional.

19. Be careful! The teacher _________________ (watch) you.

20. Listen! It _______________ (get) closer. Where_______ it?

EXERCISE: Read the following interview using the present

continuous (progressive) tense

ON THE TELEPHONE Tracy : Hello, can I speak to Alex.

Alex : This is Alex, who is

speaking?

Tracy : Hi, this is Tracy.

Alex : Hi Tracy. What are you

doing?

Tracy : Oh, I'm just watching TV.

What are you doing?

Alex : Well, I'm cooking dinner.

Tracy : What are you cooking?

Alex : I'm baking some potatoes, boiling some carrots and

grilling a steak.

Tracy : It sounds delicious.

Alex : What are you doing for dinner tonight?

Tracy : Well, I don't have any plans...

Alex : Would you like to come over for dinner?

Tracy : Oh, I'd love to. Thanks.

Alex : Great. Mary and Jack are also coming. They are arriving

at seven.

Tracy : OK, I'll be there at seven, too.

Alex : OK, see you then. Bye.

Tracy : Bye.

IMPORTANT NOTES: The present continuous (progressive) is used only with action verbs.

Example: I am working at the moment NOT I am believing you.

The present continuous (progressive) is also used to describe an

action which is happening around this moment:

Example: I'm reading 'Just in Time' this week. I'm not reading the

book at this particular moment, but around this time.

Write the correct form of each sentence or question in the present

continuous (progressive).

1. He _______________ (read) a book at the moment.

2. We _______________ (visit) our friends this evening.

3. They _______________ on the Brown account this month.

4. I _______________ (not/watch) TV, I _____________ (work)!

5. What _______________ (you do) this evening?

6. Where _______________ (she/stay)?

UNIT:

SUBJECT : SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

VOCABULARY Drinks

WRITE THE FOLLOWING WORDS UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

Coffee wine juice beer tea vodka milk soda water champagne milkshake

lemonade

COFFEE

Foods

WRITE THE FOLLOWING WORDS UNDER THE CORRECT PICTURE

french fries soup meat rice spaghetti hamburger cheese eggs

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE -S or -ES? With most verbs, the third person singular form is created simply by

adding -S. However, with some verbs, you need to add -ES or change

the ending a little. Here are the rules:

VERB ENDING IN...

HOW TO MAKE THE 3RD PERSON SINGULAR

EXAMPLE

S Add –ES He passes

Z Add –ES She dozes

Sh Add –ES She

wishes

Ch Add –ES He

watches

consonant + y Change Y to I, then add –ES It flies

[anything else] Add –S He sings

EXERCISES

1. She ___ four languages.

a. speak

b. speaks

2. Jane is a teacher. She ___ French.

a. teach

b. teaches

3. When the kettle ___, will you make some tea?

a. boil

b. boils

4. I always ___ the window at night because it is cold.

a. close

b. closes

5. Those shoes ___ too much.

a. cost

b. costs

6. The food in Japan is expensive. It ___ a lot to live there.

a. cost

b. costs

7. His job is great because he ___ a lot of people.

a. meet

b. meets

8. He always ___ his car on Sundays.

a. wash

b. washes

9. My watch is broken and it ___ to be fixed again.

a. need

b. needs

10. I ___ to watch movies.

a. love

b. loves

11. I ___ to the cinema at least once a week.

a. go

b. goes

12. They never ___ tea in the morning.

a. drink

b. drinks

13. We both ___ to the radio in the morning.

a. listen

b. listens

14. He ___ a big wedding.

a. want

b. wants

15. George ___ too much so he's getting fat.

a. eat

b. eats

16. The earth ___ round the sun, doesn't it?

a. go

b. goes

17. The shops in England ___ at 9:00 in the morning.

a. open

b. opens

18. The post office ___ at 5:30 pm.

a. close

b. closes

19. Jackie ___ two children now.

a. has

b. have

20. Mr. Smith ___ too much. He always has a cigarette in his

mouth.

a. smoke

b. smokes

21. When the phone ___, please it.

a. ring

b. rings

Use the verb in brackets to fill the gaps.

Affirmative sentences 1. I ________ in Rome.(to live)

2. Dania ________ chocolate.(to love)

3. Andy ________ too fast.(to drive)

4. We ________ lunch at two.(to have)

5. You ________ great.(to look)

Negative sentences 6. They ________________ much.(to say)

7. Charlie ________________ golf.(to play)

8. I ________________ hamburgers.(to like)

9. Sammy and I________________ much TV.(to watch)

10. It ________________ very often in Valencia.(to rain)

Questions 11. ________ you play tennis?

12. ________ Carol drive?

13. ________ they do the shopping together?

14. ________ dogs eat fish?

15. What ________ it do?

EXERCISES - FORMATION OF PRESENT TENSE Use the correct form of the verb in the following sentences.

walk, study, help, drive, write

A. Affirmative 1. He__________ to school everyday. They always

__________their English lesson after they eat dinner

2. Maria often__________ her brothers and sisters with their

homework.

3. We ___________ to school by car every day.

4. I__________ a letter to my mother once a week.

B. Question. Write in the helping verb do or does and the main

verb. Example: __________you __________to school everyday?

(Do you walk to school every day?) 1. ______ he __________his car to the store on the weekends?

2. ______ they __________in their notebooks during class?

3. ______ Maria often__________ her brothers and sisters with

their homework?

4. ______ they always __________their English lessons after

dinner?

C. Negative Form 5. I ________ __________my lesson after dinner.

6. They__________ ___________ to school every day.

7. We __________ __________in our notebooks during class.

8. Maria _______ __________her brothers and sisters with their

homework.

9. He ________ __________to school everyday.

Complete the following reading about Lucy; use the verbs in the box in the appropriated form.

Be take get up go meet study have listen come

get stay say

Lucy _________ an active person. Every day she _________at

6:00. She _________ in bed for a while, then she ________a shower.

Lucy _________ alone, so she _________ breakfast alone. After

breakfast she ________dressed, she _______"Snoopy", her dog, and

she _________for work. There, Lucy _________her friends Anna and

Doris. Lucy ________English and Spanish classes, but she doesn't

________ Biology. After classes she _______lunch with her friends.

Then, she _________to music, and sometimes she _______ out.

When the night falls, Lucy ______very tired. She _______ back

home, ________hello to "Snoopy", _________with him for a while,

and she ________to bed at 9:30 waiting for another day to come.

CIRCLE THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVE

1. Tom ___ like chocolate ice cream.

a. doesn't

b. don't

2. I ___ understand, do you?

a. doesn't

b. don't

3. Dr. Watson ___ smoke, does he?

a. doesn't

b. don't

4. We ___ like classical music very much.

a. doesn't

b. don't

5. Sally said she ___ want it anymore.

a. doesn't

b. don't

6. Mr. Hill ___ live in New York. He lives in Boston.

a. doesn't

b. don't

7. Rice ___ grow in cold climates.

a. doesn't

b. don't

8. They like coffee, they ___ like tea.

a. doesn't

b. don't

9. We are new here. We ___ know him.

a. doesn't

b. don't

10. Harry has bad breath because he ___ brush his teeth very often.

a. doesn't

b. don't

11. We are rich so we ___ have to work.

a. doesn't

b. don't

12. Dave speaks English, French, and German, but he ___ speak

Italian.

a. doesn't

b. don't

13. They ___ sell that brand anymore.

a. doesn't

b. don't

14. It is really a cheap restaurant, it ___ cost much to eat there.

a. doesn't

b. don't

15. I have a television, but I ___ watch it often.

a. doesn't

b. don’t

16. That kind of earthquake ___ happen often.

a. doesn't

b. don't

17. We live close to the sea, but we ___ go often.

a. doesn't

b. don't

18. I love sumo, but I ___ like boxing.

a. doesn't

b. don't

19. You ___ like me very much, do you?

a. doesn't

b. don't

20. My son ___ like skiing. He likes snowboarding now.

a. doesn't

b. don't

21. We ___ have time to do that on the way home.

a. doesn't

b. don't