Cosmology from Space
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Cosmology from Space Max Tegmark, MIT
description
Cosmology from Space. Max Tegmark, MIT. Smorgasbord. Hinshaw, Wandelt. Galaxy surveys. Microwave background. Supernovae Ia. THE COSMIC SM Ö RG Å SBORD. Gravitational lensing. Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Abazajian. Galaxy clusters. Neutral hydrogen tomography. Lyman forest. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Cosmology from Space
Cosmology from Space
Max Tegmark, MITMax Tegmark, MIT
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Smorgasbord THE COSMIC
SMÖRGÅSBORD
Galaxy surveys
Microwave background
Gravitational lensing
Big Bang nucleosynthesis
Supernovae Ia
Galaxy clusters
Lyman forest
Neutral hydrogen tomography
Hinshaw,Wandelt
Abazajian
What have we learned?
DSE
Fluctuation generator
Fluctuation amplifier
(Graphics from Gary Hinshaw/WMAP team)
Hot Dense SmoothCool Rarefied
Clumpy
Brief History of our Universe
400
EVIDENCE?
Riess et al, astro-ph/0611572
What we’ve learned about the cosmic expansion history from SN Ia
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008Nolta et al 2008, arXiv:0803.0593
2008:
Cmbgg OmOl
Ordinary Matter5%
Dark Energy72%
Cold Dark Matter23%
Ordinary Matter
Dark Energy
Cold Dark Matter
Hot Dark Matter
Photons
Budget Deficit
4% 21%
75%Using WMAP3 + SDSS LRGs:
Cmbgg OmOl
430
386
13.8
4%
75%
21%
Cosmological data
Cosmological Parameters
4%
75%
21%
Cosmological data
Cosmological Parameters
ARE WE DONE?
4%
75%
21%
Cosmological data
Fundamental theory ?
Cosmological Parameters
Nature of dark matter?
Nature of dark energy?
Nature of early Universe?
Why these particular values?
Four roads to dark matter: catch it, infer it, make it, weigh it
Direct:
Indirect:
Production:
GLAST launched 6/11-08
Gravitational:
Planck launch scheduled for December 2008
21 cm tomography coming
Dermer,Kusenko, …
Wandelt
4%
75%
21%
Cosmological data
Fundamental theory ?
Cosmological Parameters
Nature of dark matter?
Nature of dark energy?
Nature of early Universe?
Why these particular values?
How did it all begin?
Herman, Gamow & Alpher, 1940’s
Arno Penzias & Robert Wilson 1965
100dpi
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
?
(Graphics fromWMAP team)
History
(Figure from Wayne Hu)
(Figure from WMAP team)
History
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
History
CMBF
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History
Q: How see through this wall?
History
Q: How see through this wall?
A: With gravitational waves!
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
CMB
+
LSS
(Figure from Matias Zaldarriaga)
SN Ia+CMB+LSS constraintsYun Wang & MT, PRL 92, 241302
tot
, w
Q, ns, , r, nt
CMB polarization missions
Dark Energy missions
Why should you believe this?
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Boomzoom
Gut
h &
Kai
ser
2005
, Sci
ence
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
How flat is space?
flat
closedopen
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
How flat is space?
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
How flat is space? Somewhat.
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
tot=1.003How flat is space?
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Cmbgg OmOl
CMB
+
LSS
CMB polarization + SDSS: n=0.008, r=0.01
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
SKEPTIC: COUNTER:
Won’t find anything, 1: Inflation energy could be anywhere from 103 to 1016 GeV, so very unlikely that ~1016 and hence detectable.
This ignores that we’ve measured Q~10-5. Either we had classic (slow-rolling scalar field) inflation, in case we’ll see it, or we didn’t, and all bets are off. Also, GUT scale natural candidate for new physics.
Won’t find anything, 2: There are theoretical arguments against high energy inflation (hard for to roll many Planck units).
There are are counterexamples, like N-flation. Moreover, there are theoretical arguments against low energy inflation (landscape ns problem).
Will be killed by foregrounds and systematics.
These are very serious challenges, but detailed studies suggest that they can be overcome, just as they have so far. Going to space helps enormously!
Very focused mission (as opposed to serving broader astrophysical community)
CMB maps have proven useful for research on Galactic structure, ISM, Galactic B-field, cluster SZ effect, etc.
Technology not ready Far along, can be ready on time as long as ball not dropped (see Weiss report)
So is CMBpol satellite worthwhile?
4%
75%
21%
Cosmological data
Fundamental theory ?
Cosmological Parameters
Nature of dark matter?
Nature of dark energy?
Nature of early Universe?
Why these particular values?
Map our universe!
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
Physics with neutral
hydrogen tomography
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
History
CMB
For
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WM
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Our observable universe
LSS
Our observable universe
LSS
The time frontier
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008
LSS The scale frontier
(A. Klypin)(Q. Shafi)
Max TegmarkDept. of Physics, MIT
[email protected] to Cosmos
July 7, 2008 Tegmark & Zaldarriaga 2008
The sensitivity frontier
FFTT
LSS
Our observable universe
LSS
Our observable universe
Mao, MT, McQuinn, Zahn & Zaldarriaga 2008
Spatial curvature:WMAP+SDSS: tot= 0.01 Planck: tot= 0.00321cm: tot=0.0002
LSS
Our observable universe
Spectral index running:Planck: =0.00521cm =0.000172-potential: 0.00074-potential: 0.008
Mao, MT, McQuinn, Zahn & Zaldarriaga 2008
LSS
Our observable universe
Mao, MT, McQuinn, Zahn & Zaldarriaga 2008
Neutrino mass:WMAP+SDSS: m <0.3 eV+LyF: m <0.17 eV Oscillations m>0.04 eVFuture lensing: m~0.03 eV21cm: m=0.007 eV
Boomzoom
1. No ionosphere
2. Shielding from terrestial radio noise
Advantages of deploying radio array here:
Boomzoom
Participants: MIT, Harvard, Washington, Berkeley, JPL, NRAO
PI: Jacqueline Hewitt, MIT
LARC: Lunar Array for Radio Cosmology
Also DALI (Joe Lazio et al)
