Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 POWER PRACTICE Chapter 1 Theoretical Foundations START This...

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008

POWER PRACTICE

Chapter 1

Theoretical FoundationsTheoretical Foundations

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What does the term educational technology include?

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Educational technology includes any technology used by educators in support of the teaching and learning process.

What does the term educational technology include?


What are the key steps in the communications cycle?

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Sender transmits message to receiver. Receiver, upon receipt of message, returns feedback to the sender. Both sender and receiver may have filters that distort the message or the feedback.

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What three types of factors can interfere with the communication cycle?

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Environmental factors including all the physical aspects of the classroom; Psychological factors which are the unique difference among people that can impact perception; and Personal filters such as culture, beliefs, and values.

What three types of factors can interfere with the communication cycle?


What are the three main theoretical perspectives related to learning?

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Behaviorists who view learning as a response to a stimulus; Cognitivists who see learning as a mental operation on sensory information; and Constructivists who view learning as the result of mental constructs that we develop to make sense of our world.

What are the three main theoretical perspectives related to learning?


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Who are the key theorists in each perspective?


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Who are the key theorists in each perspective?

Behaviorists include Ivan Pavlov, John Watson and B.F. Skinner; Cognitivists include Jean Piaget, Jerome Bruner, and David Ausubel; and Constructivists include Robert Gagne, Lev Vygotsky, Albert Bandura, Seymour Papert, and Howard Gardner.


What is the difference between learning styles and cognitive styles?

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What is the difference between learning styles and cognitive styles?Learning style refers to the ways in which an individual learns best; such as through visual, auditory, or kinesthetic experiences. Cognitive style refers to differences in the ways that individuals think. For example, some people are more intuitive while others are more analytical.


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How do IQ and Multiple Intelligences differ?


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How do IQ and Multiple Intelligences differ?

IQ, or Intelligence Quotient, is a quantitative measure of verbal and mathematical abilities. Multiple Intelligences refers to a theory developed by Howard Gardner, which suggests that there are nine different types of intelligence that everyone possesses, with different types being more pronounced in some individuals than in others.


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How does a systems view help connect teaching, learning, and technology?


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How does a systems view help connect teaching, learning, and technology?Teaching is a planned sequence of events that are created to facilitate learning. Technology includes the tools that support those events. Seeing these elements as a systematic process in which all components must work together helps us understand the role of educational technology.


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Looking back, how has educational technology changed?


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Educational technology, starting in the early 1900s, included audio and video equipment such as movies, radio, sound recordings, and slides. Television was added to the list in the 1950s and expanded in the 1960’s. Starting in the late 1970’s computers changed educational technology forever.

Looking back, how has educational technology changed?


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How has the change from an equipment based view of educational technology to a systems view affected its role in education?


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How has the change from an equipment based view of educational technology to a systems view affected its role in education?Educational technology’s role has changed from a nifty resource that teachers try to fit into class time to a powerful support tool that the teacher selects to help construct an effective learning environment.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 POWER PRACTICE Chapter 1 Theoretical Foundations START This...

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