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End user requirements (2) – some examples

Alaska summer operations

Paul Verlaan

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

1. Preliminary area description

• historical data on ice type and ice concentration at one location (offshore structure) or along a certain route (shipping, pipeline)

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

2. drilling

• ice type, ice thickness, ice drift, floe size data around drilling rig

• continuous data around one location

3. seismic operations

• ice edge

• avoid small floes of ice

• cover a wide area once per day

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

Geotechnical, surveys

• ice edge

• cover a wide area once per day

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

Local and global ice loads

• historical data on ice type, ice drift, floe size data

• historical data on ice thickness, keel depth, sail height, consolidated layer thickness

• mechanical properties of ice

• full-scale ice load data

• ice-structure interaction data

Assess Select DesignConstruct+ install Operations

Phases of a project

Installation of structures, pipelines

• ice edge

• cover a wide area once per day

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

1. Marine transportation of oil and gas

• ice concentration, ice type, ice thickness, ice pressure

• cover a wide area once per day

2. Evacuation, oil spill response, platform operations

• ice type, ice thickness, ice pressure, ice drift

• continuous data around one location

Assess Select Design Construct Operations

Phases of a project

3. Supply vessels

• ice concentration, ice type, ice thickness, ice pressure data

• cover a wide area once per day

Limitations of present ice data

1. Limited temporal resolution

• Operations around one location (drilling, EER, OSR)

2. Limited insight in ice-thickness parameters

• Design

• Navigation

Alaska summer/autumn operations

(June –December 2007)

Alaska summer 2007 operations

ICCShell VesselDrilling

Ice Command Center

Relay Tower

ICCShell VesselDrilling

Ice Command Center

Relay Tower

ICC

• Two drill rigs + 2 ice breakers + 2 anchor handlers + 2 supply vessels

• Seismic vessel + 2 support vessels

• Geotechnical barge + anchor handler

• Survey vessel + support vessels

• Oil spill response vessels

Kulluk Frontier discovery

IIC -Anchorage

Produce:•Metocean forecast•Ice forecast

Metocean and ice data

Seismic

Geotechnical

Survey

Ice management Team

Drilling

Sources of satellite data:

1. SAR data from RADARSAT-1 satellite (June – December 2007)

• 31 images from Beaufort (100 x 100 km)

• 23 images from Chukchi (100 x 100 km)

• 187 images from Beaufort- Chukchi (450 x 450 km)

2. NOAA - AVHRR data

3. MODIS data from TERRA / AQUA

4. Passive microwave data

Additional sources of data

1. Ice observations from icebreakers and drilling rigs

2. Continuous ice drift and ice draft data collected at three locations near Sivulliq

3. Enhanced marine radar images from drilling rigs and icebreakers