Contact, Conflict, and Exchange in the

Atlantic World to 1590

Chapter 1

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The First Americans  

• Native American Societies Before Contact• Peoples of the Eastern Woodlands  

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Beginning of European Overseas Expansion

• Trade with the East  • Portugal Explores the West African Coast,

1424–1450  

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Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade  

• West African Cultures • The Atlantic Slave Trade Begins

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Spain and Portugal Divide the Globe 

• Columbus Sails West, 1492–1493  • Spanish and Portuguese “Spheres,” 1493–1529 • An Expanding World  • The Spanish Empire in America, 1519–1590  • Spanish Invasion, 1519–1538  • Exploration of Florida and the American Southwest, 1528–

1542  • Demographic Catastrophe and Cultural Exchange  • Religion • Spanish Colonial Government  • Spanish Mercantilism  • Forced Labor Systems  

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Protestant Northern Europeans Challenge Catholic Spain 

• The Protestant Reformation, 1517–1598 • The Reformation in England, 1534–1588• French Huguenots and English Sea Dogs