Conference 2015 - Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage · PDF file• There is a need for...

#SCCSconf15

www.sccs.org.uk

Download your App: h3ps://crowd.cc/s/8F8U

Or Visit: h3ps://crowd.cc/sccsconf15

Media partner: Event Code: ccspath

Conference 2015

© LafargeHolcim 2015 SCCS Conference Edinburgh 28-10- 2015

Harnessing CO2 The CO2 and the Cement Industry: Uses & Needs

SCCS Conference Edinburgh Michel Gimenez - 28 November 2015


This is a Cement Plant!

3

© LafargeHolcim 2015 SCCS Conference Edinburgh 28-10- 2015 4

CO2 Emission of a Cement Plant

0,40 t CO2 0,20 t CO2

1,15 t 0,747 t 1 t

0,253 t 0,1 t Fuel

Raw material

Clinker

Cement

Additions

4

Combustion

Calcination e.g. ~ 600 kg CO2/tcement

0,60 t CO2

c/k = 1,34

Play on fuels emission factor

and on SHC

Play on clinker factor

Play on calcination ratio


Breakthrough Levers

•  New low CO2 intensive products (cement and concrete):

•  Low burning: - 30 % CO2/t

•  Mineral carbonation: ~ - 70 % CO2/t

•  Carbonated aggregates by

•  CO2 applications: we favor direct flue gas capture & uses: •  Mineral carbonation: see above + Skyonic example in Texas

•  Some chemistry with low concentration CO2?

•  High concentration CO2 capture (>99 %) is still expensive = 50-75 €/t and can be used for EOR, high value added applications and geological storage. No business model is established today for CCS

5


Which CO2 Uses in the Cement Industry?

•  LafargeHolcim is developing a new type of binder through a collaboration with the start up company SOLIDIA, based in New Jersey (USA)

•  Industrial productions, 2 x 5000 t, made year 2014 in USA and in 2015 in Hungary

The birth of a new type of binders

6


Which CO2 Uses in the Cement Industry?

7

The birth of a new type of binders

• Many trials have been performed with SOLIDIA at customer sites (concrete precast)

• Market development started in North America and Europe (2015-2016)

•  Up to 70 % CO2 reduction is expected by using the SOLIDIA binder as compared to usual Portland cement but…

• … application segments still need to be developed: today non-structural precast only


Applications

Concrete Block Products

Concrete Pavers / Hardscape Products

AAC Block

Railroad Sleepers

8


CO2 Needs

•  The amount of CO2 potentially available in our plants is generally exceeding by far the needs (ratio ~ 1 to 10)

•  CO2 source is present in our cement plants but is still very expensive to capture and cost is critical to the business model (50 €/t – 75€/t)

•  There is a need for cheap & small size CO2 capture plants i.e. 50,000 t/y – 100 kt/y

•  Logistics is critical in most CO2 applications

Capture & logistics

9


Summary Learning on Capture Technologies

10

% CO2 Captured

CO2 Capture Cost €/t CO2

DMX™ Solvent (99%vol)

MEA Solvent (99%vol)

Oxycombustion (80%-99%vol)

Separated calcination (80%-99%vol)

CO2 from Flue Gas (15%-25%vol)

[1] From the ACACIA project with IFPEN (2009-2012)

[2] From the ACACIA project with IFPEN (2009-2012)

[3] Estim. by LAFARGE-AL-FLS Oxycomb. Project (2013)

[4] Estim. by LAFARGE IPC-LEC (2013)

[5] Estim. LAFARGE IPC-LEC (2015)

[1] [2]

[3]

[4]

[5]


CO2 Uses vs CO2 Storage

•  Volume of CO2 needed for use is by far smaller than the CO2 emitted

•  CO2 uses will not enable storage because the business model are not the same (while the other way round could be true)

•  They will develop in parallel and not sequentially

Differences in Business Models

11

2015

CO2 Uses

2035

2020

CO2 Capture & Storage

2050


CO2 Needs

•  An average cement plant is emitting 750 kt CO2 per year and the CO2 needs for carbonation might be 75 kt/y, i.e. 10% (70 kt to 100 kt is the standard size CO2 production plant in Europe today)

• We thus need cheap & small-sized CO2 capture plants

•  Investing a full-size capture plant and using only 10 % of it is not sound regarding capture cost thus preventing CO2 uses to develop

1st point

12

Methane and CO2 cryo-capture in a biogas plant (~ 0,25 t/h)

Credit


CO2 Needs

● Capturing only part of the CO2 output implies going for post-combustion technologies or using the flue gas straight from the plant without concentrating the CO2

● Small capture plant will be less expensive than full size ones but the

CO2 captured more expensive, both due to size effect ● The more concentrated the CO2 , the cheaper the capture thus,

selected sources of CO2 will be the first concerned e.g. biogas plants, fermentation plants, SMR (when not captured yet)…

● No pipelines are requested for shipping but only refrigerated truck,

and liquid CO2 storage on utilization sites

2nd point

13


CO2 Uses in the Frame of the Cement Industry

14

Progress conclusion

● We do sell minerals ! Therefore, mineralization appears to be the most adapted to our industry; we do close the loop, provided the final product can be sold

● SOLIDIA or Carbon8 experiences are good examples of low CO2

products, even if the final market still needs to be extended to more application segments

● CO2 source is present in our plants but is still very expensive and

critical to the business model ● Logistics is critical in most CO2 applications


Thank you for your attention

15

#SCCSconf15

www.sccs.org.uk

Download your App: h3ps://crowd.cc/s/8F8U

Or Visit: h3ps://crowd.cc/sccsconf15

Media partner: Event Code: ccspath

Conference 2015

Conference 2015 - Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage · PDF file• There is a need for...

Documents

Transcript of Conference 2015 - Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage · PDF file• There is a need for...