Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population =...
-
Upload
nathaniel-hicks -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
0
Transcript of Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population =...
![Page 1: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Geography of Latin America
Chap. Chap. 11 - Introduction - Introduction
Estim. 2010Population = 574,414,000
![Page 2: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Regions of Latin America
![Page 3: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Latin America as a Culture RegionLatin America as a Culture RegionChapter 2Chapter 2
Pre-Hispanic European
![Page 4: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Other Hallmarks of Latin American Culture
• Politics – Napoleonic Code of Law– Centralized government and bureaucracy
• Social values – Paternalism – Compadrazco – Machismo and marianismo – Feudalism: patrones and peones
![Page 5: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Regional Terminology• Latin America = Iberoamérica
– “Middle” America• Mexico• Central America
– Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
• Caribbean/West Indies – Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico (U.S.)
– South America• The North – La Gran Colombia
– Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador
• The West – Andean countries – Peru, Bolivia
• Southern Cone– Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay
• Brazil
Hispanic America
(Spanish)
Luso-America(Portuguese)
![Page 6: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Middle America
![Page 7: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
South America
Andes
![Page 8: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Middle America Terminology
• Central America1. Physical geography
Land bridge from Isthmus of Tehuantepec to Darien Gap
2. Contemporary Political Geography – America Central
Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
3. Cultural-Historical Region – Centro America• Capitaincy General of Guatemala
– Included modern Mexican state of Chiapas
• United Provinces of Central America– Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica– Excluded Belize (U.K.) & Panama (New Granada Colombia)
![Page 9: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Non-Latin Countries• Central America
– Belize• Caribbean/West Indies
– Greater Antilles: Jamaica, Haiti– Lesser Antilles:
• Bahamas, Antigua & Barbuda, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & The Grenadines, Grenada, Trinidad & Tobago, Barbados, Dominica, Aruba
• U.S. Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Anguilla, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Martin, St. Barthelemy
• Netherlands Antilles (Bonaire, Curacao, St. Maarten, Saba & St. Eustatius)
• South America– Guyana, Suriname - French Guiana– Falkland Islands
![Page 10: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Mainland & Rimland– Euro-Indian Mainland
• European (Spanish) & indigenous influences
– Euro-African Rimland • West Indies & eastern coastline of Central America • European (British, French, Dutch, Spanish) & African
influences
• Indigenous Culture – Mesoamerica – Mesa Central of Mexico to Nicoya Peninsula of
Costa Rica– Language: Nahuatl (Aztec) & Maya– Food: corn, beans, squash
• Tortillas, tamales, pupusas
![Page 11: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The RimlandCay Caulker, Belize
Bluefields, Atlantic Coast, Nicaragua
Manzanillo, Limon, Costa Rica
![Page 12: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Central America
Centro America
![Page 13: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Mainland & Rimland
RimlandMainland
European sector
European sector
Mestizo sector
![Page 14: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mainland – Rimland Distinction
![Page 15: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Mainland vs. Rimland
Location Greater Isolation Greater Accessibility
Climate Highland Tropical lowland
Physiography Mountains Islands
Culture Euro/Indian Euro/African
Race Mestizo Mulatto
Landholding Patterns Haciendas Plantation
MAINLAND RIMLAND
![Page 16: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Hacienda vs. Plantation
• Hacienda:– Spanish cattle-holding institution– Purpose was land-holding not profit-generating– Not efficient but high social prestige– Year round jobs; workers lived on the land– Self-sufficient but surplus for domestic market– Diversified crops grown on relatively small
plots of land– Known variously as hacienda, fazenda,
estancia, fondo, rancho
![Page 17: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Hacienda vs. Plantation
• Plantation:– Production oriented for export– Efficiency is key– Typically a single cash crop (monocrop)– Seasonal employment– Purpose was commercial profit – Market vulnerability– Capital and technology imported– Labor intensive and labor dependent
![Page 18: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Indigenous Culture – Mesoamerica
MesoamericaNahuatl
Maya
![Page 19: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Indigenous Culture in South America
• Andean languages: Quechua (Inca) & Ayamara
• Other native languages:– Mapuche
(Araucanian)– Guarani
Andes
Quechua
Aymara
Quechua
Mapuche
Guarani
European sector
![Page 20: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
African Influences
• Caribbean– Spiritual tradition: Santeria
• Brazil– Bahia & Maranhão states
(West Africa – Hausa, Yoruba, Dahomian, Guinean)
– Rio de Janeiro & Minas Gerais(Congo – Bantu)
– Music: samba– Holidays: Carnival – Food, clothing, folklore
Sosua, Dominican Rep.
![Page 21: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
African influence
Santiago, Cuba
![Page 22: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Other Cultural Influences• Italians– Argentina, Uruguay,
southern Brazil• Germans & Swiss
– Southern Argentina, southern Chile, southern Brazil
• Jewish– Argentina
• Arabs – Lebanese, Syrians – Argentina, Panama
• Chinese – Mexico, Central America,
Peru• Japanese
– Peru• North Americans
– Tourists and expats– Mennonites– Mormons
Italian social club – Lobos, Argentina
![Page 23: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Germans
San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
![Page 24: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Germans
Pucón, Chile Castro, Chiloe Island, Chile
![Page 25: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Germans
Colonia Tovar, Venezuela
![Page 26: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SwissColonia Suiza, S.C. de Bariloche, Argentina
![Page 27: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Arabs
Caracas, Venezuela Salta, Argentina
![Page 28: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Chinese
San Jose, Costa Rica Cañas, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
![Page 29: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Mormons
Nuevas Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico
![Page 30: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tourist EnclavesPuerto Peñasco “Rocky Point”, Sonora,
Mexico
Punta Cana, Dominican Rep.
Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico
![Page 31: Chap. 1 - Introduction Geography of Latin America Chap. 1 - Introduction Estim. 2010 Population = 574,414,000.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649ce25503460f949ae427/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Media, Mass Culture & Marketing “Americanization” & Globalization
• Music– Rock, Hi-hop/Reggaeton
• Television– Cable and satellite – DirecTV – Programs – Bay Watch, The Simpsons, Wife Swap – Networks – CNN, Discovery, BBC Worldwide
• Internet• Consumer goods Wal-Mart
– Appliances, cell phones & other electronic devices, clothing• Fast Food
– McDonald’s – In all Latin countries except: Bolivia • 1st outside the USA & Canada – Costa Rica, 1970
– Burger King – All Latin countries except: Cuba (Guantanamo)– Subway – All Latin countries– KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, Papa Johns, Schlotsky’s, Church’s, etc.