CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS - · PDF fileEMI interferences radiated ... 5...

www.emtest.com 1 Alain Burger / Liu Xiaohua 11.2013

Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment such as requested by

RTCA DO-160G and MIL-Std 704

CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS

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EMC

ESD Burst Surge

Ind. conducted

Ind. radiated

Surge Power

DC 3ph

unbalance

NBRE Harmonic Flicker

conducted

EMI

interferences

radiated

CISPR11

CISPR 13

CISPR22

CISPR14

CISPR15

CISPR 11

CISPR 13

CISPR22

CISPR14

CISPR15

IEC61000

-3-2

IEC61000

3-12

IEC61000

-4-2

IEC61000

-4-4

IEC61000

-4-5

-4-12

IEC61000

-4-6

IEC61000

-4-3

IEC61000

-4-9

IEC61000

-4-8

Asym CM

IEC61000

-4-16

DOW

IEC61000

-4-10

Freq. variation

DC

Harmonic V fluct

IEC61000

-4-13

IEC61000

-4-14

IEC61000

-4-17

IEC61000

-4-27

IEC61000

-4-28

IEC61000

-4-29

AC

IEC61000

-4-11

-4-34

IEC61000

-3-3

IEC61000

3-11

conducted

transient radiated

LF disturbanced

RF

conducted

power phenomena

EMC structure

BBRE

EMS

susceptibility

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Aircraft EMC Standards

D6-16050-4

ABD100.1

Electromagnetic Interference

Control Requirements

Environmental Conditions and Tests

Requirements Procedures

for Airborne Equipment

Mil-Std 704 Aircraft Electric Power Characteristics

Mil-Std 461 Mil-Std 464

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Aircraft Electrical Power System

Ram air turbine

Transformer

Rectifier Unit

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Module Boeing787 Boeing777 Boeing737 Airbus380 Airbus330 Airbus320

Electric Power 235Vac,115Vac,

270Vdc,28Vdc

250Vac,115Vac,

28Vdc

115Vac,26Vac,28

Vdc

235Vac,115Vac,2

70Vdc,28Vdc

200Vac,115Vac

(3phase),28Vdc

Engine 2 2 2 4 2 2

IDG Generators Integrated drive generator

4x250kVA VF 2x120kVA

CF 400Hz

2x90 kVA

CF 400Hz

4 ×150 kVA

VF(370-770Hz)

2 ×115 kVA

CF 400Hz

2 ×90kVA

CF 400Hz

APU Auxiliary power unit

2x225kVA 1x120kVA

CF400Hz

90 kVA 2 ×120 kVA

CF 400Hz

115 kVA 90kVA

Ground source 3 x 90 kVA 4 connections 2 connections

90 kVA

RAT Ram Air Turbine

1 ×7.5kVA 1 ×70kVA

TRU Transformer rectifier unit

4×120A 3x50A 5×300A

1x300A APU

3x100A

1x200A

Aircraft Electrical Power System

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RTCA DO-160G

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Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment

such as requested by RTCA DO-160G

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Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment

Section Title Section Title

1 Purpose and Applicability 14 Salt Spray

2 Definitions of Terms

15 Magnetic Effect

3 Conditions of Test 16 Power Input

4 Temperature and Altitude 17 Voltage Spike Conducted

5 Temperature Variation 18 Audio frequency Conducted Susceptibility

6 Humidity 19 Induced Signal Susceptibility

7 Shock 20 RF Susceptibility (Radiated and Conducted)

8 Vibration 21 Emission of Radio Frequency Energy

9 Explosive Atmosphere 22 Lightning Induced Transient Susceptibility

10 Waterproofness 23 Lightning Direct Effects

11 Fluids Susceptibility 24 Icing

12 Sand and Dust 25 Electro Static Discharge

13 Fungus Resistance 26 Fire, Flammability

EMC

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RTCA is the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics

– Publishes DO 160

• Latest publication is DO 160G, issued in 8 December 2010

– Section 16 “ Power Input”

– Section 18 “ Audio Frequency Conducted Susceptibility ”

DO-160G is recognized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as de facto

international standard ISO-7137.

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Table of Contents Section 16

16.1 Purpose of the Test 16.2 Equipment Categories 16.3 Emergency Electrical System Operation 16.4 Standard Electrical Power Input Parameters 16.5 AC Power supply 16.5.1 Normal Operating Conditions (ac) 16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency 16.5.1.2 Voltage Modulation 16.5.1.3 Frequency Modulation 16.5.1.4 Momentary Power Interruption 16.5.1.5 Normal Transients 16.5.1.6 Normal Frequency Variation 16.5.2 Abnormal Operating (ac) 16.5.2.1 Abnormal Voltage and Frequency 16.5.2.2 Momentary Undervoltage Operation 16.5.1.3 Abnormal Transients 16.5.1.4 Loss of Phase Input ( 3-phase only)

16.6 DC Power supply 16.6.1 Normal Operating Conditions (dc) 16.6.1.1 Voltage (Average Value dc) 16.6.1.2 Ripple Voltage 16.6.1.3 Momentary Power Interruption 16.6.1.4 Normal Surge Voltage dc 16.6.1.6 Normal Frequency Variation

16.6.2 Abnormal Operating (dc) 16.6.2.1 Abnormal Voltage and Frequency 16.6.2.2 Momentary Undervoltage Operation 16.6.1.3 Abnormal Transients 16.6.1.4 Loss of Phase Input ( 3-phase only)

16.7 Load Equipment Influence on Aircraft Electrical

Power System (ac and dc) Designation

16.7.1 Current harmonic Emissions from Loads (ac)

16.7.2 Allowable Phase Unbalance (3-phase ac Input Only) 16.7.3 DC Current Content in Steady State Operation

(All ac Equipment) 16.7.4 Regenerated Energy

(dc, Category D Equipment Only) 16.7.5 Inrush Current Requirements (ac and dc) Designation I 16.7.6 Current Modulation in Steady-State Operation (ac),

Designation L 16.7.7 DC Current Ripple tests (dc), Designation R 16.7.8 Power Factor (All ac Equipment), Designation P

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Section 16

Power Input (Section 16.5 )

DC

Electrical Power Input Parameter Limits

AC

Electrical Power Input Parameter Limits

Normal Operate Condition Abnormal Operate Condition

Section 16.5.1 Section 16.5.2

Voltage & Frequency

Section

16.5.1.1

Voltage Modulation

Section

16.5.1. 2

Frequency Modulation

Section

16.5.1. 3

Momentary Power

Interruption

Section

16.5.1. 4

Normal Transients

Section

16.5.1. 5

N.Frequency Variations

Section

16.5.1. 6

Voltage DC content

Section

16.5.1. 7

Voltage & Distortion

Section

16.5.1. 8

Surge Voltage

Section

16.5.1.5.1

N. Frequency Transients

Section

16.5.1.5.2

Total Harmonic Distortion

Section

16.5.1. 8.1.1

Individual Harmonic

Content

Section

16.5.1. 8.1.2

Voltage & Frequency

Section

16.5.2.1

Momentary Under

Operation

Section

16.5.2. 2

Abnormal Transients

Section

16.5.2. 3

Loss of Phase Input

Section

16.5.2. 4*

A.Surge Voltage

Section

16.5.2. 3.1

A. Frequency Transients

Section

16.5.2.3.2

A. Frequency Transients

A (NF) A(WF)

Section

16.5.2.3.3

Normal Operate Condition Abnormal Operate Condition

Section 16.6.1

Voltage

Section

16.6.1.1

Ripple Voltage

Section

16.6.1. 2

Momentary Power

Interruption

Section

16.6.1. 3

Normal Surge

Voltage

Section

16.6.1. 4

Engine Starting

Section

16.6.1. 5

Exposed Voltage

Decay time

Section

16.6.1. 6

Voltage Steady State

Section

16.6.2.1

Low Voltage

Condition

Section

16.6.2. 2

Momentary Under

Operation

Section

16.6.2. 3

Normal Surge

Voltage

Section

16.6.2. 4

Section 16.6.2

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16.1. Purpose of the test

This section defines test conditions and procedures for ac and dc electrical power applied to the terminals of the equipment under test. It covers the following electrical power supplies:

• 14 V dc, 28 V dc and 270 V dc

• 115 Vrms ac and 230 Vrms ac with nominal frequency 400 Hz or a variable range 400 Hz. Equipment categories and frequency classes, test conditions and procedures for equipment using other electrical power supplies must be defined in applicable equipment performance sandards. = Function check = Determine compliance with applicable equipment performance standards

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Voltage range Up to 230 Vrms

Frequency range Up to 900 Hz + 5 Hz

Equipment Categories A(CF) Operating at 400Hz

A(NF) Operating at 360 to 650Hz

A(WF) Operating at 360 to 800Hz

16.2. Equipment Categories

AC Power supply

Voltage range Up to 400 V + 4 V

Rise & Fall time < 1 ms

Equipment Categories A 28V dc (may have battery floating on dc bus)

B 14V or 28V dc (battery of significant capacity)

D 270V dc

Z 28V dc Equipment for use in lieu of Cat A / B (no battery)

DC Power Supply

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DO-160 Tests in NetWave.control

Cat R(WF) 172 files

AC

Same library for DC application (24 V, 28 V, 270 V)

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16.1 Purpose of the Test 16.2 Equipment Categories 16.3 Emergency Electrical System Operation 16.4 Standard Electrical Power Input Parameters 16.5 AC Power supply

16.5.1 Normal Operating Conditions (ac)

16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency 16.5.1.2 Voltage Modulation 16.5.1.3 Frequency Modulation 16.5.1.4 Momentary Power Interruption 16.5.1.5 Normal Transients 16.5.1.6 Normal Frequency Variation 16.5.1.7 Voltage DC constant (ac) 16.5.1.8 Voltage distortion (ac)

16.5.2 Abnormal Operating (ac) 16.5.2.1 Abnormal Voltage and Frequency 16.5.2.2 Momentary Undervoltage Operation 16.5.2.3 Abnormal Transients 16.5.1.4 Loss of Phase Input ( 3-phase only)

16.6 DC Power supply 16.7 Load Equipment Influence on Aircraft Electrical Power System (ac and dc)

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16.5 Electrical Power Input Parameter Limits (ac) The following defines quantitatively those parameters of electrical power input that are variable and the related test conditions where applicable. The tests are divided into those associated with

NORMAL system operation and ABNORMAL system operation.

Testing of equipment allows to use of input power A(CF) 400Hz A(NF) 360Hz to 650Hz A(WF) 360Hz to 650Hz

A(WF) yes yes yes A(NF) yes yes no A(CF) yes no no

16.5.1 Normal Operating Conditions (ac) Test are applicable to Category A(CF), A(NF), A(WF) Equipment.

CAUTION: All mentioned voltage values are for 115 Vrms ac equipment.

For 230V equipment all voltage values are multiply by 2

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16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency (ac)

Definition

Frequency : Normal

Emergency

3-phase system

Voltage (AVG) : Min = 101.5

Max = 120.5

AC Network:

Unom = 115V

f nom = 400Hz

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16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency (ac)

Requirement for single phase equipment

Operate equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 30 minutes for each test. Determine compliance with applicable performance standards during each 30 minute test period

Test b1

Test b2 emergency A (CF) only

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16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency (ac) Requirement for Three Phase Equipment

Operate equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 30 minutes for each test with the primary power adjusted first for a phase balance, then for a phase unbalance. Determine compliance with applicable performance standards during each 30 minute test period.

Test c1 (1) normal

Test c1(2) emergency

Balanced Unbalanced

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16.5.1.1 Voltage and Frequency (ac) Requirement for Three Phase Equipment

Operate equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 30 minutes for each test with the primary power adjusted first for a phase balance, then for a phase unbalance. Determine compliance with applicable performance standards during each 30 minute test period.

Test c2 (2) A (WF) emergency Test c2 (1) A(WF) normal

Balanced Unbalanced

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16.5.1.2 Voltage Modulation (ac)

Definition

The voltage modulation, cyclic or random variation will be 5Vp-p (115Vac system) maximum peak-valley on the modulation envelope. For 230V system modulation 10Vp-p

Requirement

Dwell time 120s for each Frequency. The frequency step size shall be a minimum 4 log spaces steps/decade.

Fn+1 = fn * 10^ (1/4)

A(CF) 400Hz

A(NF) 360Hz and 650Hz

A(WF) 360Hz and 800Hz

Caution: All voltages for 115V rms. Multiple by 2 for 230V equipment.

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16.5.1.3 Frequency Modulation (ac)

Definition The frequency modulation is normally within narrow

frequency limits and occurs as a result of speed variations in a generator coupling and/or drive speed regulation.

Requirement

The equipment shall be operated with a mean frequency of:

A(CF) 400Hz



Test: At each repetition rate test point. Dwell the longer of 5 repetition rate cycles, 30 seconds or for a time as per equipment specs.

Frequency Deviation Sweep duration ±4.9Hz 1/0.014= 71.43s

±0.2Hz 1/100 = 0.01s

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16.5.1.3 Frequency Modulation (ac) Example : Test with 400Hz. At each repetition rate test point. Dwell the longer of 5 repetition rate

cycles, 30 seconds or for a time as per equipment specs.

- 5s for a sweep 396Hz to 404Hz = 5s -10s for a sweep from 396Hz to 404Hz and back to 396Hz - For max. 30s test time = 30s/ (10s) =3 cycles => 5 Cycles for test =50s test duration

- 0.05s for a sweep from 399.25Hz to 400.75Hz - 0.1s Duration for a 399.25Hz to 400.75Hz and back to 399.25

- For max. 30s test time = 30s/ (0.1s) =300 cycles for test

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16.5.1.4 Momentary Power Interruption (ac)

a. Definition

Transfer of power sources can result in power interruption for periods up to 200ms.

b. Requirement for all Equipment

Equipment is sensitive to momentary power interruptions that can cause aberration in performance. The interruption can be from 0 to 200ms. This test procedure selects discrete values that considered effective for determining equipment performance.

Test Procedures

The equipment shall be operated with a mean frequency of:

A(CF) 400Hz



Apply test conditions of Table 16-1 at least twice.

Furthermore, If the difference of maximum and minimum steady state EUT current is > 25% then both EUT conditions are to be tested.

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b. Requirement for all Equipment

Definitions for voltage wave shape during interruptions:

Ti Power interrupt time

Tf Time it would take for the applied voltage decay from Vnom to Vmin.

Tr Time it would take for the applied voltage rise from Vmin to Vnom.

V min The minimum level ( in % of Vnom ) to which the applied voltage is permitted to decay.

Tolerance to Ti, Tf, Tr = ±10%

Table 16-1 for testing Equipment

Test cond. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Tf [ms] <1 10 17 18 19 20 20 10 25 50 43 48 50 18 20 13 5 <1 <1

Ti [ms] 2 0 8 32 56 80 180 0 0 0 33 53 150 13 15 27 20 50 200

Tr [ms] <1 3 4 5 5 5 5 4 10 20 17 19 20 7 2 13 5 <1 <1

% Vnom (Vmin) 0 50 15 10 5 0 0 80 50 0 15 5 0 65 60 35 0 0 0

Apply test conditions of Table 16-1 at least twice.

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c. Additional Requirement (A(NF) and A(WF) Category Only)

Apply each of the test conditions of Table 16-2 at least twice.

Test Procedures

Determine compliance with applicable performance standards. Manual reset is not permitted unless otherwise specified by the individual equipment specification.

Tolerance to Ti, Tf, Tr = ±10%

A(NF) Fmax= 650Hz

A(WF) Fmax= 800Hz

F1 = frequency of equipment voltage

supply when t < ta

F2 = frequency of equipment voltage

supply when t > tb

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16.5.1.5 Normal Transients (ac)

16.5.1.5.1 Normal Surge Voltage (ac)

Definition

A normal surge is a variation from the controlled steady-state level. It results from the inherent regulation of the electrical power supply system in response to disturbances that are imposed by normal system operation, such as load switching and remedial action by the regular.

Requirement

Operate as follow: The require surge voltages as measured at the input

terminals of the EUT shall be achieved regardless of the required surge current.

The supply frequency shall be as follows:

A(CF) 400Hz ±5Hz

A(NF) first 360Hz +5/-0Hz 2nd 650Hz +0/-5Hz

A(WF) first 360Hz +5/-0Hz 2nd 800Hz +0/-5Hz

During the normal electric system surges, determine compliance with applicable performance standards

Voltage Surge should be monitored

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16.5.1.5.2 Normal Frequency Transients ( All Equipment)

Definition

A normal transients is a momentary variation from the controlled steady-state level. It results from the inherent regulation of the electrical power supply system in response to disturbances that are imposed by normal system operation, such as engine speed changes and remedial action by the regulator. This test is performed on variable frequency equipment to insure compatibility with constant frequency equipment.

Requirement

Operate the equipment for 5 minutes with a voltage of 115V at equipment terminals and a frequency of 400Hz. The cycle the frequency 3 times as indicated shown in the figure.

Transition between frequency test points shall occur <1ms.

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16.5.1.6 Normal Frequency Variations ( A(NF) and A(WF) Category Only)

Definition

Frequency variations up to 200Hz/s, unless otherwise specified, can occur in abnormal operating conditions as a result of quick engine speed changes more particularly during engine runaway or failure mode scenarios.

Requirement

Operate the equipment for 5 minutes with a voltage of 115V at equipment terminals and a frequency of 360Hz +5/-0Hz.

The cycle the frequency 3 times as indicated below

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16.5.1.7 Voltage DC Content (ac)

Definition

A voltage dc content up to ± 0.20volt may be encountered during normal steady-state electrical system operation The dc voltage is the same for both 115V and 230V ac systems.

Requirement

Operate the equipment at max. duty cycle with a voltage of 115V / 230V and the specified frequency. After initial power up of EUT, apply to the primary input during at least 30 minutes a dc offset of:

These test shall be performed with a mean frequency of:

A(CF) 400Hz



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16.5.1.8 Voltage Distortion (ac)

Definition

Total Harmonic Distortion

Individual Harmonic Content

X1 = Fundamental value of current or voltage

Xn = nth Harmonic value of current or voltage

Requirement

Operate at maximum duty cycle with minimum voltage = 100V for at least 30 minutes with a voltage distortion as follows:

A(CF) 400Hz 8% +2/-0%

A(NF) 360Hz and 650Hz 8% +2/-0%

A(WF) 360Hz and 800Hz 10% +2/-0%

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16.5.2. Abnormal Operating Conditions (ac) Applicable for 115Vrms ac and 230Vrms ac equipment.

16.5.2.1 Abnormal Voltage and Frequency Limits Steady State (ac)

a. Definition

b. Requirement for single phase equipment

Operate the equipment at maximum

duty cycle for at least 5 minutes.


A(CF) 400Hz



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c. Requirement for three phase equipment Operate the equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 5 minutes .

d. Requirement for single phase equipment A(CF) Category only

Operate the equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 5 minutes .

Test1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4

3-phases

during each 5 min period

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e. Requirement for three phase equipment (A(CF) Category Equipment only)

Operate the equipment at maximum duty cycle for at least 5 minutes for each test with the primary power adjusted first - for a phase balance, then - for a phase unbalance.

during each 5 min period

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16.5.2.2 Momentary Undervoltage Operations (ac)

Definition

Momentary voltages in the range from zero to 97Vrms may occur for any duration up to 7seconds.

Requirement

Decrease the input ac voltage to 60Vrms for 7 seconds. Adjust the input ac voltage to 115Vrms and , determine compliance with applicable performance standards.

Repeat with 10Vrms instead of 60Vrms


A(CF) 400Hz



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16.5.2.3 Abnormal transients (ac)

16.5.2.3.1 Abnormal Surge Voltage (ac) Definition


Requirement

Operate as follow for single phase equipment:

The required surge voltages as measured at the input

terminals of the EUT shall be achieved regardless of the required surge current.


A(CF) 400Hz ±5Hz





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16.5.2.3 Abnormal transients (ac)

16.5.2.3.1 Abnormal Surge Voltage (ac)

Requirement

Operate as follow for 3-phase equipment:

For 3-phase equipment apply each surge one time at 10 seconds intervals between tests per figure below.


A(CF) 400Hz ±5Hz





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16.5.2.3.2 Abnormal Frequency Transients (ac)

Definition

A normal transients is a momentary variation from the controlled steady-state level. It results from the inherent regulation of the electrical power supply system in response to disturbances that are imposed by normal system operation, such as engine speed changes and remedial action by the regulator. This test is performed on variable frequency equipment to insure compatibility with constant frequency equipment.

Requirement

Test 1 All ac Equipment

Operate the equipment for 5 minutes with a voltage of 115V at equipment terminals and a frequency of 400Hz.

The following sequence shall be repeated 3 times allow the equipment to fully stabilized between each sequence.

tr & tf < 1 ms

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16.5.2.3.2 Abnormal Frequency Transients (ac)

Test 2 All ac equipment



Test 3 A(NF) and A(WF) ac equipment only



tr & tf < 1 ms

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16.5.2.3.3 Abnormal Frequency Transients (A(NF) and A(WF) Equipment Only

Definition

Frequency variations up to 400Hz/s ( decreasing), and 120Hz/s (increasing), unless otherwise specified, can occur in abnormal operating conditions as a result of quick engine speed changes more particularly during engine runaway or failure mode scenarios.

Requirement

Operate the equipment for 5 minutes with a voltage of 115V at equipment terminals and a frequency of 360Hz +5/-0Hz. The cycle the frequency 3 times as indicated below

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16.5.2.4 Loss of Phase Input (Three Phase ac Input only)

Definition

All three phase ac loads are to be designed such that no damage or unsafe condition will occur during following removal of one or more input phase connections.

Requirement (400Hz for (CF), 360 Hz & 650 Hz for (NF) and 360 Hz & 800 Hz for (WF)

a) 5 minutes with all three phases supplied followed by a minimum of 30 minutes testing period with removed phase (most susceptible phase X).

b) Starting with power disconnected (phase X) and continue operating for a period of 30 minutes with powered two phases.

c) Operate 5 minutes with all three phases supplied followed by a minimum of 30 minutes testing period with removed both phase Y & Z.

d) Staring with power disconnected at phase Y & Z and run the normal operating with the remaining phase for a period of 30 minutes.

After exposure Manual reset is permitted unless not allowed by the individual specs.

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16.1 Purpose of the Test

16.2 Equipment Categories

16.3 Emergency Electrical System Operation

16.4 Standard Electrical Power Input Parameters 16.5 AC Power supply

16.6 DC Power supply 16.6.1 Normal Operating Conditions (dc)

16.6.1.1 Voltage (Average Value dc) 16.6.1.2 Ripple Voltage 16.6.1.3 Momentary Power Interruption 16.6.1.4 Normal Surge Voltage dc 16.6.1.5 Engine Starting Under Voltage Operation (dc) 16.6.1.6 Exposed Voltage Decay Time (dc, Category D Equipment Only)

16.6.2 Abnormal Operating (dc) 16.6.2.1 Voltage Steady State (dc) 16.6.2.2 Low Voltage Conditions (dc Category B Equipment Only) 16.6.2.3 Momentary Undervoltage Operation 16.6.2.4 Abnormal Surge Voltage (dc)

16.7 Load Equipment Influence on Aircraft Electrical Power System (ac and dc)

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16.6 Electrical Power Input Parameter Limits (dc) – DC tests are associated with NORMAL and ABNORMAL electrical system operation.

16.6.1 Operation condition for Power supply connection If not otherwise specified, the power is connected as follows: Chassis shall be the same dc potential as earth ground. The return lead ( negative lead) for all 14V and 28V dc equipment

shall be the same dc potential as the earth ground during all tests. 270V dc equipment may be used either as: - positive ground - negative ground (preferred) - floating ground

Except as noted, all 270V dc tests are to be performed with negative

lead at the same potential as earth ground during all equipment tests.

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16.6.1.1 Voltage ( Average Value dc)

Definition

Voltage at Equipment Terminals 14V dc 28V dc 270V dc

Maximum 15.15V 30.3V 285V

Minimum 11.00V 22.0V 235V

Emergency Operation 9.00V 18.0V 235V

Determine compliance with applicable equipment performance standards.

Category A : 14V Category B : 28V or 14V Category Z : 28V

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16.6.1.1 Voltage ( Average Value dc)

Definition

Voltage at Equipment Terminals 14V dc 28V dc 270V dc

Maximum 15.15V 30.3V 285V

Minimum 11.00V 22.0V 235V

Emergency Operation 9.00V 18.0V 235V

Requirement 4 Category D : 270V only

With the power source‘s positive lead referenced to PE, operate at max. duty cycle for at least 30 min with voltage at maximum voltage. After determining compliance, turn the 270V power off, verify the voltage has dropped to a safe level and then return the 270V power source to have its negative lead referenced to PE.

Category A : 14V Category B : 28V or 14V Category Z : 28V Category D : 270V

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16.6.1.2 Ripple Voltage (dc)

Definition

Ripple in the cyclic variation about the mean level of the voltage during steady state dc electrical system operation. In 28V dc network, the cyclic peak to peak ripple voltage will be:

Vnom Voltage ≥ 22V : Ripple ≤ 4 V

Vnom Voltage < 22V : Ripple ≤ 2 V

In 270V dc network, the cyclic peak to peak ripple voltage will be less than 16V

Requirements

Test according paragraph 18.3.1 of subsection 18.3

Corresponding Categories : Section 16 A, B, D and Z correspond to

Section 18 R, B, Z and Z

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16.6.1.2 Ripple Voltage (dc) according paragraph 18.3.1

Setup for 14V and 28VDC Power Lines diff. Mode application

14/28 Vdc

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16.6.1.2 Ripple Voltage (dc) according paragraph 18.3.1

Setup for 270V DC Power Lines Common Mode application

Setup for 270V DC Power Lines diff. Mode application

Test B

Test C

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16.6.1.3 Momentary Power Interruptions (dc)

a. Definition

Transfer of power sources can result in power interruptions for any period up to:

- Category A 200ms

- Category B equipment 50ms

- Category D and Z equipment 1.0s.

Requirements:

-Requirements for Equipment with digital circuits

-Requirements for All Equipment

-Double Interrupt Requirements for Equipment with Digital or Memory devices


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b. Requirements for Equipment with digital circuits

Transfer of power sources can result in power interruptions for any period up to:

Ti : Power interrupt time Tf : Time it would take for applied voltage to decay from V(nom) to zero Volts. Tr : Time it would take for applied voltage to rise from zero to Vnom Volts. Tolerance to Ti, Tf, Tr = ±10%


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c. Requirements for All Equipment

With the test equipment operating at its design voltage, interrupt the power for a minimum of 5 times:

All Category : 50ms

A, D Category : 200ms

Z Category : 1s


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d. Double Interrupt Requirements for Equipment with Digital or Memory devices

This test is applicable only to dc equipment that incorporates digital circuits and/or memory devices, including equipment with electrical or mechanical delay devices.


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16.6.1.4 Normal Surge Voltage (dc)

a. Definition


b. Requirement 1 for Category A, B, Z only

Operate as follow:

Category A and B:

Category Z

The required surge voltage as measured at the input terminals of the EUT shall be achieved regardless of the surge current.


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16.6.1.4 Normal Surge Voltage (dc)

c. Requirement 270V dc equipment for Category D

Operate as follow:

Category D:

The required surge voltage as measured at the input terminals of the EUT shall be achieved regardless of the surge current.


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16.6.1.5 Engine Starting Under Voltage Operation (dc)

Definition

This requirement applies to Category Z and 28V Category B equipment.

During engine starting, momentary voltages in the ranges from 10.0V to 20.5V dc may occur for any duration up to 35 seconds or as indicated in the equipment specifications.

Requirement

With equipment energized at nominal voltage, decrease input voltage to 10.0V dc and increase 0.3V/s for 35s, then return to rated voltage or as indicated in the equipments specs.

During this period the equipment performance can fall to a level stipulated in the equipment specification. Return to nominal voltage and determine compliance with applicable performance standards.

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16.6.1.6 Exposed Voltage Decay Time (dc, Category D Equipment Only)

Definition

Voltage at exposed external surfaces of the EUT are to be maintained at a safe level during normal operation. Voltages on all external surfaces of the EUT must decay to a safe level in a reasonable amount of time after power removed from EUT.

Requirements

1. Operate the equipment at least 1 minute with nominal voltage. Excluding female connector pins, all exposed voltages in this condition shall < 50V peak in magnitude with respect to the chassis or to other.

2. Monitor all 270V hot and return connection points ( male & female) on EUT with 10M Ohm <30pF probes with respect to chassis ground. Operate one minute with nominal voltage and then abruptly disconnect all 270V lines to EUT.

The voltages shall decay to <50V as listed below: For test with NetWave switch power OFF

a)270V connection points exposed by removing a connector from EUT while the EUT is still mounted in the airframe are to be tested 1s (+0 -0.1s) after removal of power.

b)270V connections points on EUT that are exposed by removing the EUT from the airframe are to be tested 10s (+0-1.0 s) after removal of power.

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16.6.2 Abnormal Conditions (dc) The following conditions and test are applicable for Categories A, B, D and Z

Caution : All mentioned 28V voltage values are to be divided by 2 for 14V equipment.

16.6.2.1 Voltage Steady State (dc)

Abnormal voltage limits

16.6.2.2 Low Voltage Conditions ( Category B Equipment Only)

Voltage in the range from zero to the appropriate minimum voltage may occur for any duration up to 10 minutes.

16.6.2.3 Momentary Undervoltage Operation

Voltage may momentarily vary below nominal for any duration up to 7 seconds.

16.6.2.4 Abnormal Surge Voltage An Abnormal Surge is an variation from the steady state level, resulting from a inherent regulation, such as during fault clearance.

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16.6.2 Abnormal Conditions (dc) The following conditions and test are applicable for Categories A, B, D and Z Caution : All mentioned 28V voltage values are to be divided by 2 for 14V equipment.

16.6.2.1 Voltage Steady State (dc)

Definition Abnormal voltage limits are:

Requirements

1.Operate the equipment for at least 5 minutes with maximum voltage, then return to nominal voltage and determine compliance with applicable performance standards.

2.Operate the equipment for at least 1 minute with nominal voltage, then adjust the minimal voltage for 5 minutes. then return to nominal voltage and determine compliance with applicable performance standards.

+0 -1%

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16.6.2.2 Low Voltage Conditions (dc Category B Equipment Only)

Definition

Voltage in the range from zero to the appropriate minimum voltage may occur for any duration up to 10 minutes.

Requirements

Operate the equipment for at least 1 minute with nominal voltage, then adjust the minimal voltage for 1 minute. With the equipment energized reduce linearly to 0V over a min. period of 10 min. Adjust power to nominal voltage and determine compliance with applicable performance standards.

NOTE: If using discrete steps, the step size shall be smaller than 0.25V and the min. dwelltime at each step shall be 600s/ number of steps.

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16.6.2.3 Momentary Undervoltage Operation (dc)

Definition

Voltage may momentarily vary below nominal for any duration up to 7 seconds.

Category A, B, Z Category D

The Equipment energized at nominal

voltage, decrease the input voltage to

12.0V for 7 seconds.

Return to nominal rated voltage and

determine compliance with applicable

performance standards.

The Equipment energized at nominal voltage,

decrease the input voltage to 140.0V for 7 seconds.

Return to nominal rated voltage and determine

compliance with applicable performance standards.

Repeat test with 20.0V instead of 140V.

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16.6.2.4 Abnormal Surge Voltage (dc)

Definition

An Abnormal Surge is an variation from the steady state level, resulting from a inherent regulation, such as during fault clearance.

Apply the voltage surge 3 times at 10s interval

V2

V1

Typical transient surge voltage characteristics


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16.1 Purpose of the Test

16.2 Equipment Categories

16.3 Emergency Electrical System Operation

16.4 Standard Electrical Power Input Parameters 16.5 AC Power supply 16.6 DC Power supply

16.7 Load Equipment Influence on Aircraft Electrical Power System (ac and dc) Designation 16.7.1 Current harmonic Emissions from Loads (ac)

16.7.2 Allowable Phase Unbalance (3-phase ac Input Only) 16.7.3 DC Current Content in Steady State Operation (All ac Equipment) 16.7.4 Regenerated Energy (dc, Category D Equipment Only) 16.7.5 Inrush Current Requirements (ac and dc) Designation I 16.7.6 Current Modulation in Steady-State Operation (ac), Designation L 16.7.7 DC Current Ripple tests (dc), Designation R 16.7.8 Power Factor (All ac Equipment), Designation P

18.0 Section 18 Audio frequency Conducted Suspectibility

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16.7 Load Equipment Influence on Aircraft Electrical Power System

Test designation

AC Distortion Tests: Designation H This test designation relates to ac equipment with an maximum power consumption - > 35 VA for individual equipment -> 150VA for installations of multiple units (same equipment type) For such equipment, the current distortion tests of section 16.7.1 have to be performed if required by the equipment performance standards.

AC Current Modulation Control Tests: Designation L This test designation relates to ac equipment where the current ripple (or current modulation) drawn from the EUT is controlled. Equipment that meets the requirements of this test designation is to be marked with test designation L. Equipment that does not meet is to still be tested (report levels) and is marked with test designation Z .

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Test designation

AC Power Factor Tests: Designation P This test designation relates to ac equipment where the power factor of the ac power drawn by the EUT is controlled. Equipment that meets the requirements of this test designation is to be marked with test designation P. Equipment that does not meet is to still be tested (report levels) and is marked with test designation Z .

DC current ripple tests: Designation R This test designation relates to dc equipment with an maximum power consumption - >400 W for 28V or >35 W for 270V for individual equipment - >400 W for 28V or >150 W for 270V for installations of multiple units (same equipment type) .

For such equipment, the DC current ripple tests of section 16.7.7 have to be performed if required by the equipment performance standards.

AC or DC Inrush Current tests: Designation I This test designation is assigned to ac or dc equipment that meets the inrush current requirements specified for designation I. For such equipment, the inrush current tests of section 16.7.5 have to be performed if required by the equipment performance standards.

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16.7.1 Current Harmonic Emission from Loads (ac), Designation H

16.7.1.1 Definitions This chapter refer to the definition in chapter 16.5.1.8.1

Total Harmonic Distortion The total harmonic distortion of the ac waveform is the ratio of the rms value of the harmonics to the rms value of the fundamental. The formula defining total harmonic distortion (THD) is provided below.

Individual Harmonic Content

Is the voltage or current, as applicable, at a given harmonic frequency, expressed as a percentage of the fundamental. The formula defining individual harmonic content (IHCn) is provided below. The fraction expresses the amount of distortion at the nth harmonic.

Remarks: The variable ‘X’ may represent voltage or current, and may be expressed as an rms value or a peak value.

X1 = Fundamental value of current or voltage; Xn = nth harmonic value of current or voltage.

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16.7.1.2 Current Distortion

Equipment with “Designation H” shall be tested if - Pmax. > 35 VA of the individual equipment - Pcombination > 150 VA installations or multiple units (same equipment type). - if required by the equipment performance standards.

The equipment shall be tested under two conditions of input voltage distortion.

For each cases the equipment shall be supplied by a source having a voltage of 115V (230V) + 2% and the following frequencies:

Test Condition 1

Test Condition 2

AC source limits: THDv < 1.25% @ ≤ 2 kVA < 4 % @ > 2 kVA

AC source limits: THDv (CF) & (NF) category : 8% +2/-0%

(WF) category : 10% +2/-0%

• (CF) cat. : 400 Hz + 1% • (NF) cat. : 360, 400, 500, 600 & 650 + 1 Hz • (WF) cat. : 360, 400, 500, 600, 650, 700 & 800 + 1 Hz

The voltage distortion can be produced with a full

wave bridge controlled by a varying load on the

rectifiers or by clipping the supply voltage

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16.7.1.2 Current Harmonics limits for Single – Phase Equipment

I1= Maximum fundamental equipment current during max. steady state power demand at a single test frequency (360Hz, 400Hz, 650Hz, 800Hz) . This maximum shall be used for calculate the harmonic limits.

h = order of harmonic

Ih= Maximum harmonic current of order h obtained for all normal steady states modes of operation.

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16.7.1.2 Current Harmonics limits for Three – Phase Equipment

I1= Maximum fundamental equipment current during max. steady state power demand at a single test frequency (360Hz, 400Hz, 650Hz, 800Hz) . I1 is used for calculate the limits.

h = order of harmonic Ih= Maximum harmonic current of order h obtained

for all normal steady states modes of operation.

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16.7. 1.3 Current Distortion Verification Requirements

The report shall include the following information.

1. A description of the operating mode of equipment when the measurement was taken; 2. - Description of the test setup,

- Copy of the test procedure, and - Description of test equipment used and their settings;

3. Plot of current and voltage waveforms, with scaling information, for each phase of the equipment; 4. For A(CF), 5. A(NF) and 6. A(WF) category equipment:

For each rated frequency the table with harmonic current and voltage between the fundamental frequency and 40th harmonics for each phase of the equipment (magnitude and optional phase). Spectrum analysis plot of the input current magnitude for each phase with a resolution ≤ 20Hz.

7. True RMS of input current for each phase of the equipment; 8. Total harmonic distortion of input current and voltage for each phase of the equipment.

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16.7. 1.3 Current Distortion Verification Requirements

Operating Mode for perform the test.

DO-160 -G At maximum and minimum only max if different <25% 10mA or less than 0.25% of I fund

DO-160-E -F maximum and minimum 5mA or less than 0.25% of I fund

RTCA DO-160 Steady state current for the test . Disregarded current of fundamental:

Analizer requirement The resulting error in harmonic current measurement: <5% of the permissible limit Frequency spectrum resolution ≤ 20Hz Sampling rate 100kHz or higher Time window 0.05 seconds or longer Anti aliasing filter with corner frequencies within 25kHz and 50kHz should be used Windowing for analyse Rectangular, Hanning, Hamming or Blackman-Haris

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Example of a result with test designation H with Test Condition 2 compliance table

Column A Harmonic order of applied frequency (2 x 400Hz). The table includes data up to the 40th harmonic.

Column B List the harmonic current limit in % of the fundamental as stated in table 16-4

Column C Voltage harmonic component. As specified under test condition 2. In practice the column contain the actual harmonic components of the applied voltage

Column D Represent the allowed harmonic current for the EUT. The min. 10mA harmonic limit is applied

Column E Measured harmonic current of the EUT under the distorted voltage condition.

Column F Result Fail or Pass relationship between column D and E

AC source limits: THDv (CF) & (NF) category : 8% +2/-0%

(WF) category : 10% +2/-0%

Table 16-6

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16.7.2 Allowable Phase Unbalance (Three Phase ac Input Only)

• (CF) cat. : 400 Hz + 1% • (NF) cat. : 400, 360 & 650 Hz + 1% • (WF) cat. : 400, 360 & 800 Hz + 1 %

The supply voltage and frequency shall remain constant within these limits while measurements are made. Measure the load real power (W), apparent power (VA), and reactive power (VAR) for each of the three input phases at both a minimum and maximum power demand modes of operation. If the difference between Pmax and Pmin <15% only a test at maximum power is required.

Unbalance for loads power demand: -≤ 1kVA, less than 200VA, W, or VAR

-Between 1kVA and 20kVA according figure 16-11

- 20kVA, not differ by more than 800VA, W, or VAR

Figure 16-11 RTCS DO-160

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16.7.3 DC Current Content in Stead-State Operation (all ac equipment) (Equipment with power consumption > 10 VA)

Test voltage parameter: - 115 Vrms with a - dc component 0.00 + 0.10 Vdc - (CF) cat. : 400 Hz + 1% - (NF) cat. : 360 & 650 Hz + 1% - (WF) cat. : 360 & 800 Hz + 1 %

Test 1: Maximum steady-state current

Test 2: Minimum steady-state current (only if Imin < 75% Imax)

Limit: Current DC content <= 5 mA or 2% of the maximum RMS current nominal value

If the difference between maximum & minimum steady state current is < 25%, only the maximum steady state current operating mode needs to be tested.

Test 1 Test 2

Measure the DC content of the equipment line current

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16.7.4 Regenerated Energy (dc category D equipment only)

Measurement Setup

Regenerated energy is energy that flows from the load back to the power source. This energy typically comes from motor braking and from abrupt changes in load demand.

Measurement: While operating (maximum or minimum steady state current), the equipment shall induce less than 8.0V zero to positive peak across the 10 F capacitor. Monitor both sides of the diode in series with the 270 V source during the test.

Conditions: The 270 V is to have < 1 V zero to positive peak ripple as measured at the anode of the series diodes during the test. D1 shall have < 1 s reverse recovery time.

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16.7.5 Inrush Current Requirements (ac & dc), Designation I

Limits:

9 x maximum steady state load for the first 3ms

4 x maximum steady state load up to 500ms

2 x maximum steady state load up to 2s

Measure the voltage drop between the power source and EUT

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16.7.5 Inrush Current Requirements (ac & dc), Designation I

Test Condition 1: Unpowered period of 5 minutes prior to apply the inrush current event

Test Condition 2: Followed the stabilized operating mode reduce Voltage to < 5 % for 200 +20/-0 ms period prior to apply the inrush current event

• (CF) cat.: 400 Hz + 1% • (NF) cat.: 360 & 650 Hz + 1% • (WF) cat.:360 & 800 Hz + 1 % • dc

Conditions:

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16.7.6 Current Modulation in Steady-State Operation (ac) Designation L

Definition

Current modulation is the cyclic or random variation around the mean level of the ac peak current that may occur during steady-state equipment operation. Any equipment which load current may modulate is potential contributing to ac voltage modulation and is therefore to be limited.

Measurement: After the equipment has stabilized, at anytime of the equipment line current modulation shall not exceed factor peak to valley times the RMS value of the equipment maximum steady-state current for equipment:

0.28 for equipment with < 1 kVA 0.14 for equipment with >= 1 kVA

Conditions: • (CF) cat.: 400 + 5 Hz • (NF) cat.: 360 (+5/-0) & 650 (+0/-5) Hz • (WF) cat.:360 (+5/-0) & 800 (+0/-5) Hz

• The load current is to be tested over at least three (3) 500 ms long sweeps •The current probe shall be dc coupled ( Shunt or Hallprobe )

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16.7.7 DC Current Ripple Test (dc), Designation R

Definition

Current ripple is the cyclic or random variation around the mean level of the dc current that may occur during steady-state equipment operation. Any equipment which load current modulation is potential contributing to dc voltage ripple and has therefore to be limited.

Measurement After the equipment has stabilized (minimum or maximum steady-state current), the load current is to be tested over three (3) 500 ms long sweeps.

Requirement Limits for current ripple

28 Vdc: <= 0.14 x Imax for equipment with between 400 W and 1kW

<= 0.07 x Imax for equipment with > 1 kW total nominal power

270 Vdc: <= 0.28 x Imax for equipment < 1 kW <= 0.14 x Imax for equipment between 1 kW and 10 kW <= 0.07 x Imax for equipment > 10 kW

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16.7.7 DC Current Ripple Test (dc), Designation R

Notes to the test

1.Requirements for the DC source: Voltage ripple <= 0.1 V for 28 V networks or Voltage ripple <= 1.0 V for 270 V networks, whatever the voltage ripple frequency is between 1 Hz and 200 Hz.

2.The following load demand variations are exempt from this requirement - Initial start up - Transition between operating modes - Responses to changes in input voltages - Final shut down

3.This test is not intent to monitor current changes above 150kHz ( -3dB point).

4.The current probe is to be dc coupled.

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16.7.8 Power Factor (all ac equipment), Designation P

Definition

Conditions

Limits for Motor loads Power Factor:

- Leading PF > 0.98 (capacitive)

- Lagging PF ( > 500 Hz) > 0.70 (inductive)

- Lagging PF (360 - 500 Hz) = 2.871E-3*Hz-0.72857

- Lagging PF (<= 360 Hz) > 0.30

• (CF) cat. : 400 Hz + 1% • (NF) cat. : 360, 400, 500, 600 & 650 + 1 Hz • (WF) cat.: 360, 400, 500, 600, 650, 700 & 800 + 1 Hz

Diagram Lagging PF versus frequency

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16.7.8 Power Factor (all ac equipment), Designation P

Limits for all other loads:

For loads with maximum total power consumption of all similar equipment on the airplane

> 150 VA, the steady-state full load power factor for each load shall be between 0.80 lagging

and 0.968 leading.

Leading Power Factor (capacitive load) between 20VA and 150VA : PF= 0.87765 * log(kVA) + 1.6911 Lagging Power Factor (inductive load) between 20VA and 150VA : PF= 0.68567 * log(kVA) + 1.36493


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TITEL DER PRÄSENTATION 18 PT

18.0 Audio Frequency Conducted Susceptibility – Power Inputs

Section 18

User’s Guide Appendix 18

DC Input Power

AC Input Power Leads Test Procedures General Remarks

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18.0 Frequency Conducted Susceptibility – Power Inputs

18.1 Purpose of the test This test determines whether the equipment will accept superposed frequency components normally expected when the equipment is installed in the aircraft. This section provides test procedures and test levels for testing audio frequency conducted susceptibility of power input lines.

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18.3 Test procedures

General Test setup for AC and DC Power lines

DC input leads for categories

a) R, B and Z

b) 270V categorie Z

AC input Power leads for categories

a) R (CF) and K

b) R (NF) and K

c) R (WF) and K

- The optional current monitor is to measure the AC part of the audio frequency current , and not the EUT current. The current monitor should be a frequency selective measuring instrument.

- Optional DC blocking network shall not affect the achieved test levels

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18.3 Frequency Characteristics of Ripple in 14V, 28V and 270V (dc) Limit

Figure 18-3 RTCA/DO-160G

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18.3.2 Test procedure AC Power Leads

a) Categories R(CF) and K Equipments

While EUT is operating , apply a sine wave audio frequency signal successively in series with each ungrounded ac input power lead. The audio frequency is varying between 700Hz and 16kHz.

Setup: Schematics and example of hardware wiring

C 8uF

R(CF) Category Sweep: 700Hz to 16kHz Level: min. 6% of ac input K Category Sweep: 700Hz to 7.6kHz Level: min. 8% of ac input Sweep: 7.6kHz to 16kHz Level: min. 6% of ac input

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www.emtest.com

Test Procedures, Guidance and Methods to

demonstrate compatibility with: MIL-Std 704,

Aircraft electric power Characteristics

MIL HDBK 704 Guidance for test procedures for demonstration of utilization

equipment compliance to aircraft electrical power characteristics (Part 1…8)

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MIL Standards Information

- Power Groups and operating condition

- Test numbering nomenclature

- MIL-Std 704F compliance test Table

MIL-Std 704

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MIL-Std 704

Power Groups: Acronym

Single Phase, 400Hz, 115V (AC) SAC

Three Phase, 400Hz, 115V (AC) TAC

Single Phase, Variable Frequency , 115V (AC) SVF

Three Phase, Variable Frequency , 115V (AC) TVF

Single Phase, 60Hz, 115V (AC) SXF

Direct Current, 28 V (DC) LDC

Direct Current, 270 V (DC) HDC

Power Groups

Operating Conditions

The MIL-Std-704 compliance tests are organized into power groups based on input electrical power type to utilization equipment:

MIL-Std-704 defines six distinct aircraft electrical system operating conditions. For these operating conditions dedicated test procedures and methods are been specified:

Normal Electrical Power 1

Power Transfers 2

Abnormal Electrical Power 3

Emergency Electrical Power 4

Engine Starting 5

Power Failure 6

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Guidance on test procedure SAC 303 1. Purpose: 2. Validation criteria: 3. Apparatus: List of applied equipment 4. Test setup information: Drawings including specific configurations 5. Compliance test method: Including the record of test conditions, settings, time duration and the performance of the EUT for each test condition.

Test numbering nomenclature example SAC303A.

Example for single phase, 400 Hz, 115 V utilization equipment compliance tests

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MIL-Std 704F compliance test (structure)

MIL-Std 704

DC

VF Variable frequency

CF 400 Hz continuous frequency

SP 1-phase

Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting

AC

115V

Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting

Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting

28V 270V

Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting

Normal Operate

Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail


Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail


Abnormal Operate

Emergency Operate

Transfer Power Fail

Starting

TP 3-phase

SP 1-phase

TP 3-phase

SP 1-phase

TP 3-phase

CF 60 Hz continuous frequency

Structure MIL-Std 704F

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TAC1

Normal

TAC101

TAC102

TAC103

TAC104

TAC105

TAC106

TAC107

TAC108

TAC109

TAC110

TAC2

Transfer

TAC201

TAC3

Abnormal

TAC301

TAC302

TAC303

TAC4

Emergency

TAC401

TAC5

Starting

NA

TAC6

Power Fail

TAC601

TAC602

TAC603

SAC1

Normal

SAC101

SAC102

NA

SAC104

SAC105

SAC106

SAC107

SAC108

SAC109

SAC110

SAC2

Transfer

SAC201

SAC3

Abnormal

SAC301

SAC302

SAC303

SAC4

Emergency

SAC401

SAC5

Starting

NA

SAC6

Power Fail

SAC601

NA

SAC603

AC 115V CF400Hz

SP

TP

MIL-Std 704 F AC 115 V, 400 Hz utilization equipment compliance Test

No. Description

101 Load and current Harmonic Measurements

102 Steady State Limits for Voltage and Freq.

103 Voltage Phase Difference

104 Voltage Modulation

105 Frequency Modulation

106* Voltage Distortion Spectrum

107* Total Voltage Distortion

108 DC Voltage Component

109 Normal Voltage Transients

110 Normal Frequency Transients

201 Power Interrupt

301 Abnormal Steady State Limits for Voltage and Frequency

302 Abnormal Voltage Transients

303 Abnormal Frequency Transients

401 Emergency Steady State Limits for Voltage and Frequency

501 Starting Voltage Transients

601 Power Failure

602 One and Two Phase Power Failure

603 Phase Reversal


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MIL-Std 704F AC requirements

No. Description Table SAC Table TAC Table SVF Table TVF Table SXF

101 Load and current Harmonic Measurements

102 Steady State Limits for Voltage and Freq.

103 Voltage Phase Difference N/A N/A N/A

104 Voltage Modulation

105 Frequency Modulation

106* Voltage Distortion Spectrum

107* Total Voltage Distortion

108 DC Voltage Component


110 Normal Frequency Transients

AMP200N1 + CN200N1 required

emtest system fulfill


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No. Description Table SAC Table TAC Table SVF Table TVF Table SXF

201 Power Interrupt

301 Abnormal Steady State Limits for Voltage and Frequency


303 Abnormal Frequency Transients

401 Emergency Steady State Limits for Voltage and Frequency

501 Starting Voltage Transients N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

601 Power Failure

602 One and Two Phase Power Failure N/A N/A N/A

603 Phase Reversal

MIL-Std 704F AC requirements

emtest system fulfill AMP200N1 + CN200N1 required


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LDC1

Normal

LDC101

LDC102

LDC103

LDC104

LDC105

LDC2

Transfer

LDC201

LDC3

Abnormal

LDC201

LDC202

LDC4

Emergency

LDC401

LDC5

Starting

LDC501

LDC6

Power Fail

LDC601

LDC602

DC

28V

270V

MIL-Std 704

MIL-Std 704 F DC 28 V utilization equipment compliance Test

No. Description

101 Load Measurements

102 Steady State Limits for Voltage

103 Voltage Distortion Spectrum

104 Total Ripple


201 Power Interrupt

301 Abnormal Steady State Limits for Voltage


401 Emergency Limits for Voltage


601 Power Failure

602 Polarity Reversal


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HDC1

Normal

HDC101

HDC102

HDC103

HDC104

HDC105

HDC2

Transfer

HDC201

HDC3

Abnormal

HDC201

HDC202

HDC4

Emergency

HDC401

HDC5

Starting

HDC501

HDC6

Power Fail

HDC601

HDC602

DC

28V

270V

MIL-Std 704 F DC 270 V utilization equipment compliance Test

No. Description




104 Total Ripple


201 Power Interrupt





601 Power Failure



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No. Description Table LDC Table HDC




104 Total Ripple


201 Power Interrupt





601 Power Failure


MIL-Std 704F DC requirements



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MIL-Std 704 SAC107 requirement (Total Voltage Distortion)

This test procedure is used to verify that single phase, 115 Volt, 400 Hz power utilization equipment operates and maintains specified performance when subjected to a voltage waveform having a distortion factor as specified by the applicable edition(s) of MIL-Std-704

TAC/SVF/SXF107 have same requirement

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MIL-Std 704 SVF107 requirement (Total Voltage Distortion)

This is an error in the standard, because all other 107 test have a different setup

✗ ✓

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EMTEST solution for MIL-Std 704 SAC107 application (Total Voltage Distortion)

SAC107 test

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No. Description Table LDC Table HDC




104 Total Ripple


201 Power Interrupt





601 Power Failure


MIL-Std 704F DC requirements


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MIL-Std 704 LDC103-1 requirement (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

Test Condition A & B ( 10 Hz & 25 Hz)

This test procedure is used to verify that 28 volt DC power utilization equipment operates and maintains specified performance when subjected to voltage distortion of frequencies and amplitudes

Test condition A (10 Hz) and B (25 Hz) needs for filter the small distortion signal (< 0.5 V rms) the additional filter box. (Models for 32A, to 100 A)

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 LDC103-1 application (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

LDC103-1 test

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 LDC103-2 application (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

Test Condition C to K ( 50 Hz to 10 kHz)

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 LDC103-2 calibration (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

LDC103-2 test

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MIL-Std 704 LDC104 requirements (Total Ripple)

This test procedure is used to verify that 28 volt DC power utilization equipment operates and maintains specified performance when subjected to voltage having a ripple

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 LDC104 application (Total Ripple)

LDC104 test

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MIL-Std 704 HDC103-1 requirements (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

This test procedure is used to verify that 270 volt DC power utilization equipment operates and maintains specified performance when subjected to voltage distortion of frequencies and amplitudes

Test condition A (10 Hz) and B (25 Hz) needs for filter the small distortion signal (< 0.5 V rms) the additional filter box. (Models for 32A, to 100 A)

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EMTEST solution for MIL-Std 704 HDC103-1 application (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

HDC103-1 test 10Hz, 25 Hz

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MIL-Std 704 HDC103-2 requirements (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 HDC103-2 calibration (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

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EMTEST Setup for MIL-Std 704 HDC103-2 testing (Voltage Distortion Spectrum)

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CONDUCTED RF EQUIPMENT POWER AMPLIFIERS - · PDF fileEMI interferences radiated ... 5...

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