Components of Central Processing Unit.docx

8/14/2019 Components of Central Processing Unit.docx

1/11

Components of Central Processing Unit

A central processing unit (CPU), also referred to as a central processor unit, is the hardware

within acomputer that carries out theinstructions of acomputer programby performing the

basic arithmetical, logical, andinput/output operations of the system. The term has been in use in

the computer industry at least since the early 1960s. The form,design, and implementation of

CPUs have changed over the course of their history, but their fundamental operation remains

much the same.

A computer can have more than one CPU; this is calledmultiprocessing. Someintegrated

circuits (ICs) can contain multiple CPUs on a single chip; those ICs are calledmulti-core

processors.

Not all computational systems rely on a central processing unit. An array processor orvector

processor has multiple parallel computing elements, with no one unit considered the "center". In

thedistributed computing model, problems are solved by a distributed interconnected set ofprocessors.

The abbreviation CPU is sometimes used incorrectly by people who are not computer specialists

to refer to thecased main part of adesktop computer containing the motherboard, processor,disk

drives,etc., i.e., not thedisplay monitor orkeyboard.

MOTHERBOARD

A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, planar

board or logic board, or colloquially, a mab0) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found

incomputers and other expandable systems. It holds many of the crucial electronic components
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/outputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-core_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-core_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enclosure_(electrical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_monitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_monitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enclosure_(electrical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-core_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-core_processorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input/outputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer


2/11

of the system, such as thecentral processing unit (CPU) andmemory,and provides connectors

for otherperipherals.Unlike abackplane,a motherboard contains significant sub-systems such

as the processor.

Motherboard specifically refers to aPCB with expansion capability - the board is the "mother" of

all components attached to it, which often includesound cards,video cards,network cards,hard

drives or other forms of persistent storage,TV tuner cards,cards providing

extraUSB orFirewire slots, and a variety of other custom components. A motherboard provides

the electrical connections by which the other components of the system communicate. Unlike a

backplane, it also contains thecentral processing unit and hosts other subsystems and devices.

A typicaldesktop computer has itsmicroprocessor,main memory,and other essential

components connected to the motherboard. Other components such asexternal storage,

controllers forvideo display andsound,andperipheral devices may be attached to the

motherboard as plug-in cards or via cables, in modern computers it is increasingly common to

integrate some of these peripherals into the motherboard itself.

An important component of a motherboard is the microprocessor's supportingchipset,which

provides the supporting interfaces between the CPU and the various buses and external

components. This chipset determines, to an extent, the features and capabilities of the

motherboard.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backplanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV_tuner_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV_tuner_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backplanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unit


3/11

SMPS : Switched-Mode Power Supply

A switched-mode power supply(switching-mode power supply, SMPS, or switcher) is an

electronicpower supply that incorporates a switching regulator toconvert electrical

power efficiently. Like other power supplies, an SMPS transfers power from a source, likemains

power,to a load, such as apersonal computer,convertingvoltage andcurrent characteristics.

Unlike alinear power supply,the pass transistor of a switching-mode supply continually

switches between low-dissipation,full-on and full-off states, and spends very little time in the

high dissipation transitions, which minimizes wasted energy. Ideally, a switched-mode power

supply dissipates no power.Voltage regulation is achieved by varying the ratio of on-to-off time.

In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power

in the passtransistor.This higher power conversion efficiency is an important advantage of a

switched-mode power supply. Switched-mode power supplies may also be substantially smaller

and lighter than a linear supply due to the smaller transformer size and weight.

Switching regulators are used as replacements for linear regulators when higher efficiency,

smaller size or lighter weight are required. They are, however, more complicated; their switching

currents can cause electrical noise problems if not carefully suppressed, and simple designs mayhave a poorpower factor.

RAM: Random-access memory(RAM) is a form ofcomputer data storage.A random-access

device allows storeddata to be accessed directly in any random order. In contrast, other data

storage media such ashard disks,CDs,DVDs andmagnetic tape,as well as early primarymemory types such asdrum memory,read and write data only in a predetermined order,

consecutively, because of mechanical design limitations. Therefore the time to access a given

data location varies significantly depending on its physical location.

Today, random-access memory takes the form ofintegrated circuits.Strictly speaking, modern

types ofDRAM are not random access, as data is read in bursts, although the nameDRAM /

RAM has stuck. However, many types ofSRAM,ROM,OTP,andNOR flash are stillrandom
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_power_conversionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_power_conversionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Dischttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_tapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_random_access_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_read-only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_flashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_flashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_read-only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_random_access_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_tapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Dischttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_power_conversionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_power_conversionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply


4/11

access even in a strict sense. RAM is normally associated withvolatile types of memory (such

asDRAMmemory modules), where its stored information is lost if the power is removed. Many

other types of non-volatile memory are RAM as well, including most types ofROM and a type

offlash memory calledNOR-Flash.The first RAM modules to come into the market were

created in 1951 and were sold until the late 1960s and early 1970s.

CPU Fan

A computer fanis anyfan inside, or attached to, acomputer case used foractive cooling,and

may refer to fans that draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air from inside,

or move air across aheat sink to cool a particular component.Asprocessors,graphicscards,RAM and other components in computers have increased in speed and power

consumption, the amount of heat produced by these components as aside-effect of normal

operation has also increased. These components need to be kept within a specified temperature

range to prevent overheating, instability, malfunction and damage leading to a shortened

component lifespan.

While in earlier personal computers it was possible to cool most components using

naturalconvection (passive cooling), many modern components require more effective active

cooling. To cool these components, fans are used to move heated air away from the components

and draw cooler air over them. Fans attached to components are usually used in combination
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIMMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory#NOR_flashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_coolinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_sinkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule%27s_first_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule%27s_first_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_coolinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_coolinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule%27s_first_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule%27s_first_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_sinkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_coolinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_casehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_(mechanical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory#NOR_flashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read_only_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIMMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DRAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatile_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access


5/11

with aheat sink to increase the area of heated surface in contact with the air, thereby improving

the efficiency of cooling.

In theIBM compatible PC market, the computer'spower supply unit (PSU) almost always uses

an exhaust fan to expel warm air from the PSU. Active cooling on CPUs started to appear on the

Intel 80486,and by 1997 was standard on all desktop processors.[1]

Chassis or case fans, usually

one exhaust fan to expel heated air from the rear and optionally an intake fan to draw cooler air

in through the front, became common with the arrival of thePentium 4 in late 2000.[1]

A third

vent fan in the side of the PC, often located over the CPU, is also common. Thegraphics

processing unit (GPU) on many modern graphics cards also requires a heat sink and fan. In some

cases, thenorth bridge chip on themotherboard has another fan and heat sink. Other components

such as thehard drives and RAM may also be actively cooled, though as of 2012 this remains

relatively unusual. It is not uncommon to find five or more fans in a modern PC.

Case mount

Used to aerate the case of the computer. The components inside the case cannot dissipate heat

efficiently if the surrounding air is too hot. Case fans move air through the case, usually drawing

cooler outside air in through the front (where it may also be drawn over the internal hard drive

racks) and expelling it through the rear. There may be a third fan in the side or top of the case to

draw outside air into the vicinity of the CPU, which is usually the largest single heat source.

Standard case fans are 80 mm, 92 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, 200 mm, 230 mm in width and length.

As case fans are often the most readily visible form of cooling on a PC, decorative fans are

widely available and may be lit withLEDs,made ofUV-reactive plastic, and covered with

decorative grilles. Decorative fans and accessories are popular withcase modders.Air filters are

often used over intake fans, to preventdust from entering the case.

Apower supply (PSU) fan often plays a double role, not only keeping the PSU itself from

overheating, but also removing warm air from inside the case. PSUs with two fans are also

available, which typically have a fan on the inside to supply case air into the PSU and a second

fan on the back to expel the heated air.

CPU fan

Used to cool theCPU (central processing unit) heat sink. Effective cooling of a concentrated heat

source such as alarge-scale integrated circuit requires a heat sink, which may be cooled by a fan;

use of a fan alone will not prevent overheating of the small chip.

Graphics card fan

Used to cool the heat sink of thegraphics processing unit or the memory ongraphics cards.

These fans were not necessary on older cards because of their low power dissipation, but most

modern graphics cards designed for 3D graphics and gaming need their own dedicated coolingfans. Some of the higher powered cards can produce more heat than the CPU (dissipating up to

289 watts[2]

), so effective cooling is especially important. Since 2010 graphics cards have been

released with eitheraxial fans or acentrifugal fan commonly known as a blower or squirrel cage

fan.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heatsinkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80486http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northbridge_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_moddinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large-scale_integrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_fan#Axial-flow_fanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_fanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_fanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_fan#Axial-flow_fanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_cardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large-scale_integrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_filterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_moddinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northbridge_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan#cite_note-mueller2005-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80486http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_PC_compatiblehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heatsink


6/11

Chipset fan

Used to cool the hea sink of the north bridge of a motherboard'schipset;this may be needed

where thesystem bus is significantlyoverclocked and dissipates more power than is usual, but

may otherwise be unnecessary. As more features of the chipset are integrated into thecentral

processing unit,the role of the chipset has been reduced.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_bushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overclockinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overclockinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_bushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipset


7/11

UBUNTU INSTALLATION

_____________________________________________________________________________

INSTALLATION STEPS

1. Get an Ubuntu installation disk (live DVD or live USB).2. Insert the Ubuntu disk into your DVD drive. (or connect yourlive USB)3. Make sure that your BIOS (boot order) is set to boot from a CD/USB before a hard drive.4. Start or restart your computer. If you do not see the Ubuntu logo, please refer toBoot From

CD.

5. Choose the Try Ubuntuoption in order to check that your hardware (screen, keyboard,internet...) is correctly recognized by Ubuntu.

6. Backup your documents on an external disk or DVDs7. When you are ready to install Ubuntu on your hard disk, click the Install Ubuntubutton.

The installation wizard will appear:

Selecting language1. Select your desired language and click Continue. The Preparing to install

Ubuntuwindow appears

.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GettingUbuntuhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStickhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCDhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCDhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCDhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCDhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStickhttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/GettingUbuntu


8/11

Preparing to install Ubuntu

1. Select the desired options. Click Continue. The Installation typewindow appears.

Installation type

1. Several choices are available:2. - If you want to install Ubuntu alongside you other systems (eg alongside Windows),

select the Install Ubuntu alongside them.3. - If you want to install Ubuntu over your entire hard drive, select Erase disk and install

Ubuntu, then select the hard drive that you want to install Ubuntu. Warning: this will

erase all data and systems that are currently on the disk.4. - If you want to manually setup your partitioning scheme, , select the Something

elseoption. You will find further advice on theDiskSpacepage.

5. Click Install now. From this point, the installation cannot be cancelled. Few additionalparameters need to be setup. The Where are you?window appears.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpacehttps://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace


9/11

Where are you?

1. Select the location closest to your location. Click Continue. The Keyboardlayoutwindow appears.


10/11

Keyboard layout

1. Select the correct keyboard layout. Click Continue. The Who are you?window appears

Who are you?

When the installation wizard finishes, the Installation completewindow appears.


11/11

Installation complete

Click Restart nowto restart your computer. Ubuntu is now installed.

Components of Central Processing Unit.docx

Documents

Transcript of Components of Central Processing Unit.docx