CMS 5 ENDLINE OF SHAHANA · 2016-10-06 · QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF SHIREE INTERVENTIONS: CMS5...

QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF SHIREE INTERVENTIONS: CMS5 RESILIENCE STRATEGIES

1

CMS 5 ENDLINE OF SHAHANA

INTRODUCTION

Shana is an adolescent and lives in a society that has manifold sources vulnerabilities.

It would be not enough to gauge the household wellbeing status only with diet,

employment and assets. However, considering diet intake, employment status and

asset value her household has been improved its wellbeing status from destitute to

upper working poor (in between working extreme poverty and moderate poverty

situation) class. Over the last one year Shana’s household has experienced from low

to high level of shocks, such as; illness of only income earner, illness of Shahna

herself and sold out of income generating asset. These shocks have pull the household

back by reducing income earning, saving, dietary diversity and number of meals. Her

household could not recover all the shocks successfully and two of those shocks still

to recover. During the high level of shocking period, Shahna’s household has

consumed stored rice and spent savings to afford household meals. Furthermore,

Shahana’s psycho-social vulnerabilities within the household renders non-material

distressed situation of beyond the material wellbeing status.

Recent turning points in the life of respondent in the last year

Shahana’s household has experienced both shocks and hazards over last one year

which are selling out of her IGA and her father and Shahana herself were ill. Health

shock was relatively higher in degree and duration.

Shahana has sold her IGA (Van)

Shahana sold her van out in August last year which she had received from Shiree-

SCI-Tanisha project. She explains reason of selling the van out rather to keep it for

earning a regular income. She used to earn 40 taka daily as a rent of her Van.

Shahana’s Father was bed ridden for three months


2

Monsoon is the lean season for the agricultural daily laborers in coastal Barisal

region. This year, Shahana’s father was very ill during rainy season fever and

dysentery.

Chronic illness, physical and mental assault

Shahana has been suffering from chronic illness. She has menstrual problem since her

period had started. As she says, she has severe pain in every month for ten to twelve

days. She went to the Gynecologist two times but she does not like to take medicine.

Shahana psycho-social personality has been growing up in a different familial

environment. Her father used to beat her mother almost every day. Anything would

be an issue to beat her brutally. Even, very cruel thing is, her father used to teach her

how to beat her mother and then both used to beat together. Shahana mother the has

been separated from her father’s household for eight years ago and she now has been

living with her Son and daughter-in-law. Since then, when Shahana wa only six years

old, uses to cook and work for her father’s household.

Hazards Shocks Events

1. Shahana has sold her

IGA (Van)

2. Chronic illness, physical

and mental assault of

Shahana.

3. Shahana’s father was ill and bedridden for three

months

1. WELLBEING STATUS AT ENDLINE


3

Shahana’s household wellbeing status has been uplifted to in between of working

extreme poverty and moderate poverty from destitute situation. Usually her household

can afford three meals a day. During lean season or the high level of shocks their meal

reduces to two due to lack of regular income. The employment opportunity and diet

are significantly both in shocks and lean season. Shahana owns about 5600 taka of

productive assets such as goats and ducks. They own a cultivable land of 12 decimal

which worth more than one lac taka. Her father uses to work as a daily labour.

2. IDENTIFICATION OF VULNERABILITY SOURCES AND LEVEL

OF EXPOSURE TO/PREPAREDNESS FOR HAZARDS

Shahana and her father had no anticipation of the shocks except decreasing of

employment opportunity during monsoon. Only for the rainy season her household

had stored rice and money. Selling out of her Van was a sudden decision.

Ranks Status

DIETS

Shahana’s household usually affords three meals a

day. Number of meals reduces to two lean seasons

such as during monsoon. Sometimes her household

can afford enough rice with no curry. In the last

monsoon, they eat only rice with no curry or rice

with potato or salt in one to two days a week.

However, Shahana’s father buys Chickens once in

four to five months and fish in two to three days a

week. Most of the time carbohydrate such as

potatoes and vegetables are the main curry with

rice.

EMPLOYMENT

1. Shana’s father works as a daily labourer 2. Shahana rear goats

ASSETS (INCOME

GENERATING)

4 Ducks worth 600 taka

5 Goats worth 5000 taka

Cultivable land 12 decimal


4

Sold out of IGA (Van)

Shahna explains the reasons of seeling out of her Van that there is no connecting road

to bring her Van to Shahana’s courtyard and home from the main road. She used to

keep her van at others home. For that reason, Children find it as a source of pleasure

to play with the Van. The often leak the tires, break the plastic pedals, lose screws and

bolt and other s parts of the van. Some of the parts also were theft.

Shahana used to save all the money she received from the renting her Van before it

sold out. After selling the Van, total price what she got was immediately taken by her

father away. She does not know what he did with that money.

Shahana’s father was ill and bedridden

Shahana does not know why her father’s fever and dysentery lasted for three months.

She also does not know how much money her spent for his treatment. Neither

Shahana nor her father was fed properly three meals often in this time. Shahn sates

that sometime two to three days we ate less quality of food such as only rice and

potato or rice with salt. Their household had stored 10 KGs of rice in the harvesting

season and consumed in rainy season. Her father also spent their saving for his

treatment in this time but he never let Shahana know how much he saved and spent.

Shahana’s chronic illness

Shahna’s chronic menstrual problem affect her mental, physical, financial and as well

as educational status. She stays at home and cannot go to Madrasa (religious School

of the Muslims). Last time she became very ill during Ramadan and stopped going to

Madrasa. The head teacher sent a student to take Shahana at her at School. Her pain

lasted for about three months. Her father took her to a doctor after a week of her pain

started. She also went to a quake to get relief of her pain. Her father spent 2500 taka

for her treatment during Ramadan when she became ill severely.


5

3. PROGNOSIS FOR FUTURE RESILIENCE

Absence of anticipation and preparation

Shahana’s household has no preparation visible and anticipation for future resilience.

In the case of seasonal food scarcity her household usually take preparation during

harvesting time since rainy season appears following this season.

Shahana’s father has no anticipation of future shock such as his illness. He remains

same ‘indiscipline’ as Shahana says; he goes out of home at dawn and returns at night.

He is neither caring of his family nor of his health.

However, Shahana can anticipate her future shock that physical and mental torture by

her father might increase with time since she has grown up, as her father thinks, and

need to get married. She is also afraid that she might be compelled to get married

before she turned into eighteen.

Negligence in treatment and regular medication

Shahana says about her preparation to be prepared to protect herself from future

illness and chronic pain. She does not like medicine and so does she in maintaining

regular medication. This habit of disliking medication might be a source of future

health shock. Behavioral change seems necessary in managing health and hygiene

during menstruation. Her attitudinal vulnerability intense the likelihood of the future

health shock along with financial crisis.

Types of

hazards

Likelihood/Frequenc

y* Impact*

Strategy used to

avoid/moderate impact

Hazards

Shahana has

sold her IGA

(Van)

L M

Shahana’s father taken

the money and he does not share anybody what

he did with that money


6

Shahana’s father was ill

and bedridden

for three

months

L H

Treatment

Spent saved cash and

stored rice

Chronic illness

of Shahana H M

Treatment

Irregular medication

Spent 2500 taka from

savings

*high, moderate, low

4. ANALYSIS

In case of the first case of shock, Shahana wanted to save her IGA (Van) from being

theft or damaged since there was no space to keep it secure. She used to save the

amount of renting the van and used that money in buying her education materials.

Sometimes she used to give a little amount to her father when he needed. Her father

had taken the total money which she received after selling the Van. Selling out of the

Van stopped Shana’s regular income opportunity by which she used to buy education

materials. She also lost the opportunity to reinvest the money in another IGA.This

situation moderately affected the household not in the food consumption but on

Child’s education.

In monsoon Shahana’s father was unemployed and as well as bedridden for his

illness. Shana’s household has nothing to do expect to depend on the savings and

stored food. Anticipation for hazard in rainy season has worked well in this case

though the amount of stored rice and saved money were not sufficient enough to run

three months. During that time since Shahna’s household experienced a igh level of

shocks in dietary consumption and in employment opportunities. The situation intense

since another IGA (Van) was already sold out.

Shahana’s chronic illness of menstrual problem has an negative impact on her dietary

practice and mental health as well. She is not fond of taking regular medication.

During her illness her father had to spend 2500 taka from his savings.

Most importantly, continuous physical and mental torture on Shahana by her father

has found as a new social dimension of shocks and individual’s wellbeing status. Her


7

father’s income and good economic status of her household does not necessarily

shows that Shahana is equally in good position. Rather, in a household with upper

moderate poverty Shahana’s situation is still questionable and near to destitute since

her grown up is taking place in a distressed family environment.

Household resilience of Shahana’s family

Anticipated Cope Recover Duration

Shahana has sold her

IGA (Van)

(No anticipation)

Yes (negative coping

and reduced income)

No Continues

Shahana’s father was ill and bedridden for

three months

(No anticipation of being ill but

preparation and anticipation of food

scarcity during lean

season )

Yes Yes Three months

Chronic illness of

Shahana (Yes,

anticipated)

Yes No Continues

Vulnerability within the households

Social vulnerability

Shahan’s father brutality towards his daughter is increasing with time. Shahana says,

‘I don’t like what food my father brings from daily shoppers. Sometimes, I don’t like

what fishes and vegetables he buys for our meals. If I say anything to him or reply of

his any attitude, he comes to beat me. Even, beating me became part of his routine, If

my cooking does not taste good someday. Shahana continues with tears in her eyes,


8

‘my father does not only beat me, he uses slang all the time when he speaks. His

attitude is never good at me’. The frequency of the torture is astonishing. She

explains, ‘he beats me at least 15 days a month regularly. I cannot live according to

my choice. I want to study, I don’t like working for family, to cook and wash clothes.

My father does not beat my brother but he does with me what is very interesting to

me’. Shahana also says about her father’s past, ‘he did not have any plan with his

Children when he was younger. He still does not have any. I cannot tolerate his

unplanned life’. After been beaten, Shahana does not take her meals and she says that

the she feels like she should consider suicide rather than this painful life.

Shahana suspects that her father has an intention to get married again. Before

marrying again with some lady, he probably wants me to get married. Shahana’s

mother thinks, her husband will get married again after completing daughter’s

marriage. Shahana says, I cannot read his mind what is inside, what his intention is’.

The community environment is also accelerating what her father’s intention to do.

She says, ‘villagers whispers about me and speaks ill that I have been grown up and I

should get married now’. Already, several proposals have come in this year. Brides,

who are willing, use to come to see her. Shahana explains her plan that she would get

married after 18, and this is how she likes her life to be.

Nowadays, Shahana probably remains depressed and worried all the time. She does

not like to speak to anyone at her home or around in the community. All the day she

remains occupied into her and in household activities. However, she enjoys her study

and uses to play with her class mate at Madrasa.

Economic vulnerability

Shahana’s father is an elderly person. He does not share anything about his family

related issue with his daughter. His illness might put the household in a vulnerable

situation. All the time she feels scarcity of her education materials due to her due to

their poverty situation. Additionally, her father’s attitude to her sometimes makes her

doubt that whether the problem is financial crisis or her father’s mentality. Shahana


9

increased their financial vulnerability by selling her Van since it was a means of her

regular income.

Attitudinal vulnerability

Shahana does not like regular medication, her attitude of not taking medicine in

managing health and hygiene during menstruation might be a source of future

vulnerability.

SWOT analysis of Shahana’s family

Strength

Strong will Shahana to be educated

and self-dependent

Asset management and plan for

future

Hard working

Weaknesses

Lack of proper guidance at family

Father unsocial attitude to his family

Discriminating attitude between

Shahna and her younger brother

Chronic illness of Shahana

Dependent on single income earner

Opportunities

Threats

Shahana is in threat to be beaten

regularly

Early marriage

Asset to be taken away by Shahana’s

father

NGO Intervention effect on Shahnaz’s family

Apparently NGO intervention is not visible in Shahnaz’s resilience strategies in

the shocks she experienced last one year. She has grown her asset from two goats

to five which worth around 5000 taka. Her assets are growing and livestock like

goats are not generating income in cash regularly. Her money which she earned

from selling was kept to her father and she does not know what did he do with that

money. One thing is clear that the project’s staff members social activities and

personality has an impact on Shahana and she follows that project officer as her


10

idol. Involving with project activities Shahana has grown her maturity. She says,

‘I was a kid earlier but now I have grown up and can easily differentiate between

‘good’ and ‘bad’. I don’t leave any issue in my family without saying my own

choice’.

Future dream

Shahana’s has been living in such a horrible family environment that she is afraid

of dreaming for her future. She thinks that her dream will never come into in light.

She wants to continue her studies at least till bachelor degree. She has a sacred

will to serve the country by being a social worker of a NGO, like the field officer

(female) of the Shiree project. She says, anyone will be encouraged if she/he has

sufficient support of education materials such as school dress, pen and notebook.

Shahana has another plan to rear ducks and hens which she likes most. Her plan is

to buy a calf by selling her goats and to increase her asset. Again she is afraid that

her father will arrange her marriage before she is 18 and his torture might increase

with time. She looks frustrated and depressed.


11

NTERVENTION MAP FOR SHAHANA (16 YEARS OLD) LIFE HISTORY, INTERVENTION TRACKING AND RESILIENCE

STRATEGIES

5

5

6

4

Middle elite

5

Wealthy elite

Lower earning

non-poor

Destitute

2 Working

Extreme poor

Moderate poor

3

1

1994 2004 2006 2008 2009 2011 2012S2013 2014 2015

Shahana’s mother’s,

Jabeda, 1st marriage

and their married life

was going well with

2 income-earners and three daily meals

Fulmala’s first

husband died

Fulmala has no productive asset, no regular income

which make her household

moved down to destitute (1)

abeda’s 2 nd marriage:

Household with 3 income-

earners and 2 dependents

(receive Shahana’s step

brother’s remittances).

Shahna’s birth

Shahana’s step brothers stop

financial support to household and

Jabeda’s husband’s health

deteriorates. Jabeda, due to

domestic violence injuries and

disability could not generate an

income (broken shoulder) which reduced the household’s income

and affected their wellbeing.

Jabeda and Shahana left

her husband and now live a livelihood that relies on

donations, irregular low-

income earning activities

with no productive assets

Shahana has sold her IGA (Van)

Chronic illness of Shahana, physical

and mental assault to force her to get married physical and mental assault

Shahana’s father was ill and

bedridden for three

months

Involved with Shiree project and

received Van and

goats


12

CMS 5 ENDLINE OF SHAHANA · 2016-10-06 · QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF SHIREE INTERVENTIONS: CMS5...

Documents

Transcript of CMS 5 ENDLINE OF SHAHANA · 2016-10-06 · QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF SHIREE INTERVENTIONS: CMS5...