CLIMATE CHANGE & STEEL SECTOR

IPCC WORKING GROUP III’S DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP ON FOURTH ASSESSMENT REPORT

October 11-12, 2007 Kolkata

Sustainable Development & Steel

• Steel is one of the most common materials that we come into contact with every day.

• Progress would be impossible without steel.

• Steel is the most recycled material in the world.

• In 2006 the world produced 1.24 billion tonnes of steel. More than 40% of the new steel was created using recycled steel.

• Steel helps us in meeting the challenge of sustainable development.

GHG Emission & Steel Industry

Commitment by Steel Industry

The steel industry has made significant reductions in its CO2 emissions

since 1990. It is committed to further reduce the CO2 emissions and help

the world in curtailing rising greenhouse gas emissions resulting in adverse climate change.

CO2 Emission from Steel Industry

Inspite of significant efforts to reduce energy consumption, CO2

emissions from Steel Sector has gone up.

As production continues to grow, absolute CO2 emissions will

continue to increase despite energy efficiency efforts.

The Steel Industry will remain in the spotlight.

International Initiative

• Formation of sectoral expert group for climate change

• Adoption of seven principles committed to;1. Expanding the use of current efficient technologies

2. Undertaking R&D for Introducing new technology

3. Maximize recycling

4. Value addition to waste and by-products

5. Making new generation steels to manufacture energy efficient

products (ULSAB, HT Steel Sheets)

6. Adopting common and verifiable CO2 emission reporting

7. Adopting a global sector-specific approach

Initiative by IISI

Initiative by APPCDC

• Six countries namely, China, Australia, India, Japan,

South Korea, and the USA representing over 50% of

world steel production has formed a partnership to

address energy issues vis-à-vis CO2 emission reduction

through technology and process know how transfer.

• Creation of Steel Task Force within APPCDC.

• Action plan has been prepared.

• Document on SOACT (BAT) prepared by partner

countries to be formally released.

International Initiative

Indian Steel Industry

• Indian Steel Industry represents 4% production and 4.5% CO2

emission respectively among world steel producers.• 8 large Integrated Steel Plants.• Large secondary producers - sponge iron producers, mini

blast furnaces, electric arc furnaces, induction furnaces, re-rolling furnaces and Iron & Steel foundries.

• Technologies: BF-BOF, Scrap EAF, DRI-EAF and COREX.• Indian Steel Plants emit 2.5 to 3.0 TCO2/t of steel produced

against world average of <2. • Indian Steel Industry is generally constrained due to adverse

raw material quality.• Huge potential exists in India for improving energy

consumption and reducing CO2 emission.

Technological Options – Iron & Steel

Large Units• Coke Dry Quenching• Pulverized Fuel Injection in Blast Furnaces• BOF Gas Recovery• Recuperative / Re-generative Burners• Continuous casting / thin section continuous casting• Hot charging• Top Recovery Turbine• Waste Heat Recovery• By-product Gas based Steam & Power Generation

Small Units• Long-term cluster specific technology intervention

programs on technology development, demonstration and wide-scale adoption

Tata Steel’s Response to Climate Change

• Policy Statement – Energy Policy, Environment Policy

• Adoption of energy efficient technology

• Up-gradation of equipment and process

• Waste heat recovery

• Maximum utilization of by-product fuel

• Regular energy audit and review

• Benchmarking

• Monitoring and measurement

Technology Up-gradation – Tata Steel

• Replacement of Bessemer Converters & Open Hearth Furnaces

by Basic Oxygen Furnaces (LD Converters)• 100% Continuous Casting - Slab & Billet Casters• Regenerative type vertical Shaft Kilns for lime calcination• Stamp Charge Coke Oven Batteries• Raw Material Bedding & Blending Plant • Modern Wire Rod Mill, Hot Strip Mill, Cold Rolling Mill, Bar Mill• High productivity Blast Furnace• Computer Controlled Energy Management Center• Waste heat recovery from BF stoves• Conversion of all Coal Fired Boilers to Gas Fired Boilers• Installation of Coke Dry Quenching facility at Coke Plant

SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION( Gcals/tcs )

8.717

8.355

7.9977.778

7.4017.260

6.977 6.9596.9657.0656.717

5

6

7

8

9

96-97 97-98 98-99 99-2K 2K-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07

CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION (t/tcs)

2.13

2.282.31

2.42.462.48

2.732.82

2.91

3.08

3.19

2

2.5

3

3.5

96-97 97-98 98-99 99-2K 2K-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07

Thank you