CIVIL WAR CAUSES

Review

• Who were the abolitionists? Name 3. What did they do?• What is Missouri Compromise?• What is the Wilmont Proviso• What is the Compromise of 1850

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25IzGDvL5oM

Missouri Compromise

• Created by Henry Clay• Missouri became slave state• Maine became a free state• Banned slavery north of the

36*30’ line• Kept slave and free states

equal https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yjx_b5MsFA

Wilmot Proviso• Slavery became an issue again

with the new territories. • A Representative David Wilmot

had a plan. He called it the Wilmot Proviso.

• It said that slavery should be prohibited in any lands acquired from Mexico.

• South protested• It did not pass

• Election of 1848• 1848-whigs chose Zachary Taylor for President.

Democrats chose Lewis Cass. Neither took stand on slavery.

• This angered many voters.• Zachary Taylor wins

• Free Soil Party• Antislavery Democrats and Whigs left party and formed

the Free-Soil party.

Compromise of 1850

• California applied for statehood, also having problems with people wanting slavery abolished in D.C.

• Henry Clay came up with compromise-• California would be free state• New Mexico and Utah could decide if it wanted slaves• The Slave trade would be abolished in D.C.• Stronger Fugitive Slave law

• Many people opposed it: John Calhoun, Daniel Webster, and the President. But the President died.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_c_xpBaT2A

Fugitive Slave Act

• Required all citizens to catch runaways• Anyone who helped could be fined or imprisoned• Made people in North angry• Seized some slaves who had escaped for years,

others captured those who were never slaves• Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote “Uncle Tom’s

Cabin” in response to the act

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xCFrObXq3xw

• Write a letter to the newspaper describing how you feel about the Fugitive Slave Act. Include details about the act in your letter.

• 2 paragraphs.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Stephen Douglas wanted to organize Kansas and Nebraska territories to open way for transcontinental railroad

• Because of location it seemed they would be free states• Proposed abandoning Missouri Compromise line and

letting settlers decide. Popular sovereignty.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWww0YIf-JE

“Bleeding Kansas”

• After the Act passed, people rushed into Kansas. • Border Ruffians-People traveled across border from Missouri to

vote in election• Elections took place and a pro slavery legislature was elected. • The antislavery refused to accept it, held elections, and banned

slavery.• 800 slavery supporters attacked the town of Lawrence the anti

slavery capital.• John Brown believed God had chosen him to end slavery. He and

his sons killed slavery supporters.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tJ0ZjRxKhs

Republican Party

• The Whig party is destroyed over the slavery split• Antislavery Whigs, Free soil, and

Democrats create Republican party• Wanted to ban slavery in new territories

Dred Scott Case

• Dred Scott was a slave whose owner moved from a slave state to a free state.• He sued for his freedom, saying he should

be free because he lived on free soil.• The court ruled him still a slave, he was

not a citizen, and could not sue.• Declared slaves as property.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9j3lKSs2ZoA

Harpers Ferry

• John Brown and 18 men raid Harpers Ferry-an arsenal• He wanted to start a rebellion against

slaveholders by arming slabs • He was defeated, and sentenced to hang

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWa-4X4qg50

Election of 1860

• Northern Democrats nominate Stephen Douglas• Southern Democrats nominate John C. Breckinridge• Republicans nominate Abraham Lincoln• With Democrats divided Lincoln wins• Lincoln was not even on the ballot in the south.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGg5uDYHEQA

Civil War

• South secedes-creates own country-the Confederate States of America