CIVIL ENGINEERING IN VIETNAM –CHALLENGES AND OPORTUNITES

Prof.Dr. Nguyen Truong Tienf d f i i h l ( )FF of ASEAN Academy of Engineering & Technology (AAET)

Vice President of Vietnam Engineers Register (VER) – VUSTAMonitoring Committee (MC)

President VSSMGEDeputy General Manager of Hancorp

Mobile: (+84)9 0340 5769Email: truongtien@gmail.com

Vietnam has great demands in the development ofinfrastructures, buildings, houses, factories and other type ofprojects in difficult subsoil conditions and limited resources.The engineering solution and new technology need to bedeveloped in foundation engineering and construction toachieve high engineering value, by increasing the quality andg g g y g q yreducing the cost. This paper make the review and discussionon the application and development of civil engineering andtechnology in Vietnam. Achievements, innovations, lessonlearned as well as experiences from collapse and failure ofprojects as well as challenges and oportunities in civilengineering are presented, described

VietnamMacro Economic

• Area: 332 000 Km2• Populations: 84 Millions• Total GDP: 84 Billion USD• GDP / Capita: 1000 USD• GDP Growth (2009): 5%GDP Growth (2009): 5%• Exchange Rate (2008):

17,714 VND per USD• Total Number of Engineers :

More than 800 000• Civil engineering

about 300000

Therefore it is necessary to develop andadapt new engineering solution andconcrete technology in foundation andconstruction for sustainable developmentand for a better quality of life. Proposalsand suggestions on the above subjects aremade in this paper

Problem with the stability ofnational highways and natural slopes

• Low quality of consulting services• Severe natural and weather condition

Failure of Can Tho Bridge

Drilled hole positionand soil condition

Cantho Bridge

The temporary supports for construction (Axis 13-15)Failure of temporary support due to the differential settxlement

(Report of National Committee 7-2008)Steel supports: Steel column H350x350

Steel structure: The joint between columns and pile capis boltnut

The columns of the temporary supportsfor construction (Axis 13-15)

1. Soft clay 2.Fine sand 3.Soft clay 4.Soft clay and organic soil5.Fine sand 6.Clay

Soil condition under the foundation support system for thetemporary supports for construction

(Foundation pile : concrete pile 300x300 14 pile pergrillage Deepness about -37m)

Bridge pier (Axis 13-15 )5 minutes before accident

on 26/9/2007

The temporary supports forconstruction was collapsed

Research, Experience andWarning accident

• The failure of Can Tho Bridge is caused bydifferent settlement between the principal piers(13, 14, 15) and temporary supports forconstruction. In the principal piers and thebored pile to about 80 meters of depth is used,in the temporary supports, driven pile of 37meters of depth are used However during themeters of depth are used. However during theconstruction, the temporary supports play therole of principals piers. Those are supportedmore load of concrete slabs

Lack of Expertise and code of Ethics� Design and Standard

� Management and Projects

� Risk management

� Skill, knowledge of engineers

� New engineering solutions, technology and materials

� Corruption and Transparency

Institute of Social ScienceHCM City

Pacific Project, HCM City

In Hanoi and Hochiminh cities, a lot of highrise buildings are under construction. Thebasements of 1 to 5 floors are excavated.Failures and collapsed of nearby buildings areoccurred. The reasons of a failure are themistakes from soil investigation, design andconstruction of diaphragm wall protection ofconstruction of diaphragm wall, protection ofwater flow and soil movement as well asmanagement, quality control, quality assuranceand monitoring ... The consulting services inmany cases are not professional and lack ofethic codes

Flooding, Climate change, severe natural conditions• During the last 50 years, the average

temperature is increased C. Vietnam will beone of 5 countries has serve impact due to therising of sea water level. If the sea water levelis rising 1m flooding will occur in Red andis rising 1m, flooding will occur in Red andMekong Delta Rivers

Severe Weather ConditionsSurface water raisesup to 4m in floodingarea (11-2007)

Poor people and countries are more vulnerable to nature andhuman induced disasters

Hazard x Vulnerability = Risk(Nature or (Social, Economic,

Human Enviromental, Eveninduced) political factors)

Climatology Population growth and UrbanizationForecast Technology (EWS, WaterForecast Technology (EWS, Water

Conservation Technologies)Land use practices. Env. Degradation. Water useTrends. Govt policiesEnv. Awarenes Capacity(technical & institutional)

Tropical cyclones Tropical cyclone track

Flood in Ha Noi on 1/11/2008